Welcome!

Enter a player name to begin or load your saved progress.

Pashupatinath Temple Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge

Study Hints Create Teach
Global Score: 0
Trophies: 0 🏆

‹ Back

Score: 0 / 100

Study Guide: Pashupatinath Temple: History, Significance, and Practices

Cheat Sheet:
Pashupatinath Temple: History, Significance, and Practices Study Guide

Introduction and Overview

The Pashupatinath Temple is primarily dedicated to the deity Vishnu and is situated in Lumbini, Nepal.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Pashupatinath Temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, not Vishnu, and is located in Kathmandu, Nepal, not Lumbini.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath Temple is situated at an elevation of approximately 2,680 feet above sea level.

Answer: True

Explanation: The temple is situated at an elevation of approximately 817 meters, which equates to about 2,680 feet above sea level.

Return to Game

The geographic coordinates of the Pashupatinath Temple are 27°42′35″N 85°20′55″E.

Answer: True

Explanation: The correct geographic coordinates for the Pashupatinath Temple are 27°42′35″N and 85°20′55″E.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath Temple is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, designated in 1979 as part of the Kathmandu Valley World Heritage Site.

Answer: True

Explanation: Pashupatinath Temple was indeed designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979, as an integral component of the Kathmandu Valley World Heritage Site.

Return to Game

The image captioned 'Pashupatinath at night' depicts the temple illuminated during the daytime.

Answer: False

Explanation: The image titled 'Pashupatinath at night' accurately shows the temple illuminated during nighttime, not daytime.

Return to Game

In which city and country is the Pashupatinath Temple located?

Answer: Kathmandu, Nepal

Explanation: The Pashupatinath Temple is situated in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath Temple is recognized by which international organization as a World Heritage Site?

Answer: UNESCO

Explanation: Pashupatinath Temple was indeed designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979, as an integral component of the Kathmandu Valley World Heritage Site.

Return to Game

What is the elevation of the Pashupatinath Temple site in feet?

Answer: 2,680 feet

Explanation: The Pashupatinath Temple is situated at an elevation of approximately 817 meters, which is equivalent to about 2,680 feet above sea level.

Return to Game

What is the significance of the Bagmati River in relation to the Pashupatinath Temple complex?

Answer: It is considered sacred and flows adjacent to the temple complex.

Explanation: The Bagmati River is considered sacred by Hindus and flows adjacent to the temple complex, holding spiritual importance for rituals performed on its banks.

Return to Game

What is the significance of the Bagmati River for Hindus in relation to the temple complex?

Answer: Rituals performed on its banks are believed to have spiritual significance.

Explanation: For Hindus, the Bagmati River is sacred, and rituals performed on its banks, including cremations and bathing, are believed to possess spiritual purifying significance.

Return to Game

Deity and Iconography

The principal deity worshipped at the Pashupatinath Temple is Shiva, identified by the epithet Pashupati, signifying 'the lord of all beings'.

Answer: True

Explanation: The primary deity is indeed Shiva, known as Pashupati, which translates to 'the lord of all beings,' reflecting his universal dominion.

Return to Game

The idol of Pashupatinath is a Mukhalinga with faces representing Shiva's aspects, resting on a silver base adorned with a silver serpent.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Mukhalinga idol rests on a silver base and is encircled by a silver serpent, not a gold one.

Return to Game

The four faces on the Mukhalinga represent Shiva's aspects: Sadyojata, Vamadeva, Tatpurusha, and Aghora, with each depicted holding a rudraksha mala and a kamandalu.

Answer: True

Explanation: The four primary faces represent Sadyojata, Vamadeva, Tatpurusha, and Aghora. Each face is depicted with tiny hands holding a rudraksha mala and a kamandalu.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath lingam is typically adorned with golden vestments and allows direct ritualistic offerings like milk and Ganga Jal by all priests.

Answer: False

Explanation: The lingam is adorned with golden vestments, but direct ritualistic offerings are restricted to the head priests during specific ceremonies, not permitted for all priests.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath lingam is believed to grant all wishes, according to the Shiva Purana.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Shiva Purana indeed states that the lingam of Pashupatinath in Nepal possesses the power to fulfill all the wishes of its devotees.

Return to Game

The Mukhalinga idol features faces representing Shiva's transcendent aspect (Ishana) on all four sides.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Mukhalinga has four primary faces representing Sadyojata, Vamadeva, Tatpurusha, and Aghora. Ishana is considered the fifth, transcendent aspect, not represented on all four sides.

Return to Game

What is the primary deity worshipped at the Pashupatinath Temple, and what does the name 'Pashupati' signify?

Answer: Shiva, meaning 'the lord of all beings'.

Explanation: The principal deity is Shiva, known as Pashupati, which translates to 'the lord of all beings,' indicating his role as the protector and ruler of all creatures.

Return to Game

The idol housed within the main temple is a Mukhalinga. What does this iconographic representation signify?

Answer: It is a lingam featuring faces carved on its sides, representing different aspects of Shiva.

Explanation: A Mukhalinga signifies a lingam representation of Shiva that features carved faces on its sides, symbolizing different aspects or manifestations of the deity.

Return to Game

The Shiva Purana states that the Pashupatinath lingam in Nepal possesses the power to:

Answer: Grant all wishes of its devotees.

Explanation: The Shiva Purana asserts that the Pashupatinath lingam in Nepal has the power to grant all wishes of its devotees.

Return to Game

What is the etymological meaning of the name 'Pashupati'?

Answer: Lord of the Animals/Beings

Explanation: 'Pashupati' is a name for Shiva that signifies 'the lord of animals' or 'the lord of all beings'.

Return to Game

Which aspect of Shiva is represented by the fifth, transcendent aspect of the Mukhalinga?

Answer: Ishana

Explanation: The fifth, transcendent aspect of Shiva represented by the Mukhalinga is Ishana.

Return to Game

History and Architecture

The Pashupatinath Temple complex covers an area of approximately 246 hectares.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Pashupatinath Temple complex spans an area of approximately 246 hectares.

Return to Game

The main Pashupatinath Temple is constructed in a modern architectural style, characterized by large glass windows and concrete structures.

Answer: False

Explanation: The main temple is built in the traditional Newari architectural style, not a modern one featuring glass and concrete.

Return to Game

The main temple's roofs are covered in silver and gilded with gold, and its doors are made entirely of solid gold.

Answer: False

Explanation: The temple's roofs are covered in copper and gilded with gold, and its four main doors are covered with silver sheets, not solid gold.

Return to Game

Historical records indicate the Pashupatinath Temple was first established around 400 CE, with some legends suggesting origins predating the Vedic period.

Answer: True

Explanation: Documentation places the temple's establishment around 400 CE, with oral traditions and legends pointing to even earlier origins, potentially pre-dating the Vedic era.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath complex contains only the main pagoda-style temple and no other smaller structures.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Pashupatinath complex is extensive, featuring 518 smaller pagodas in addition to the principal temple.

Return to Game

King Prachanda Deva is credited with the initial construction of the temple, while King Supuspa Deva is associated with building a five-story temple, and Ananta Malla added the roof.

Answer: True

Explanation: Historical accounts attribute the initial construction to King Prachanda Deva. King Supuspa Deva is credited with building the five-story temple, and Ananta Malla added the roof.

Return to Game

The April 2015 Nepal earthquake caused significant structural damage to the main Pashupatinath Temple sanctum.

Answer: False

Explanation: While the main temple sanctum remained intact, the April 2015 Nepal earthquake did cause damage to several outer buildings within the complex.

Return to Game

The main temple structure is approximately 23 meters and 7 centimeters tall.

Answer: True

Explanation: The main temple structure measures approximately 23.07 meters (23 meters and 7 centimeters) in height from its base to the pinnacle.

Return to Game

What is the architectural style of the main Pashupatinath Temple?

Answer: Traditional Newari

Explanation: The main temple is constructed in the traditional Newari architectural style, known for its intricate craftsmanship and distinct cultural influences.

Return to Game

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic architectural feature of the main Pashupatinath Temple as described in the source material?

Answer: A single-story structure with a flat roof.

Explanation: The main temple is a multi-story pagoda structure, not a single-story building with a flat roof. It features two-level roofs covered in copper and gilded with gold.

Return to Game

When is the earliest documented existence of the Pashupatinath Temple?

Answer: 400 CE

Explanation: Historical records indicate the earliest documented existence of the Pashupatinath Temple around 400 CE.

Return to Game

What is the total number of smaller pagodas within the Pashupatinath complex, in addition to the main temple structure?

Answer: 518

Explanation: The Pashupatinath complex encompasses 518 smaller pagodas alongside the principal temple.

Return to Game

Who is credited with constructing the five-story temple structure at Pashupatinath?

Answer: Supuspa Deva

Explanation: King Supuspa Deva is credited with the construction of the five-story temple structure at Pashupatinath.

Return to Game

How was the Pashupatinath Temple complex affected by the April 2015 Nepal earthquake?

Answer: The main temple remained intact, but several outer buildings were damaged.

Explanation: The main temple structure remained intact following the April 2015 Nepal earthquake, although several outer buildings within the complex sustained damage.

Return to Game

Which historical king is credited with the initial construction of the Pashupatinath Temple?

Answer: Prachanda Deva

Explanation: King Prachanda Deva is credited with the initial construction of the Pashupatinath Temple.

Return to Game

What is the approximate height of the main temple structure, from its base to the pinnacle?

Answer: 23.07 meters

Explanation: The main temple structure stands approximately 23.07 meters (23 meters and 7 centimeters) tall from its base to the pinnacle.

Return to Game

The main temple features four doors, each covered with what material?

Answer: Silver

Explanation: Each of the four main doors of the temple is covered with silver sheets.

Return to Game

What are 'shivalayas' as mentioned in the context of the Pashupatinath Temple complex?

Answer: Shrines dedicated to Lord Shiva

Explanation: 'Shivalayas' are shrines dedicated to Lord Shiva, and fifteen such shrines are illustrated within the Pashupatinath temple complex.

Return to Game

Priesthood and Temple Administration

Daily rituals are conducted by Rajbhandaris, who are hereditary priests responsible for touching the idol.

Answer: False

Explanation: While Rajbhandaris are caretakers and assistants, the daily rituals involving touching the idol are performed by the Bhatta priests, not the Rajbhandaris.

Return to Game

The selection of Bhatta priests at Pashupatinath is based on family lineage, a common practice in many Hindu temples.

Answer: False

Explanation: Unlike many Hindu temples, the selection of Bhatta priests at Pashupatinath is not based on hereditary lineage but rather on merit and education from Vedic scholarship.

Return to Game

The Bhatta priests originate from the Kathmandu Valley and are integrated into the Newar caste system.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Bhatta priests originate from Karnataka in Southern India and are Vedic Karnataka Brahmin scholars, not from the Kathmandu Valley or integrated into the Newar caste system.

Return to Game

Rajbhandaris serve as temple caretakers and treasurers, and their work involves rotating shifts until the full moon day.

Answer: True

Explanation: Rajbhandaris function as caretakers and treasurers, working in rotating shifts. Each set of caretakers serves until the full moon day.

Return to Game

Entry into the inner courtyard is permitted for all tourists and devotees regardless of religious background.

Answer: False

Explanation: Access to the inner courtyard is restricted. Practicing Hindus and Buddhists of Nepali/Tibetan origin are generally permitted, but not all tourists or devotees irrespective of background.

Return to Game

The inner temple courtyard is accessible from 4:00 AM to 7:00 PM daily.

Answer: True

Explanation: The inner temple courtyard is indeed accessible to devotees daily between 04:00 and 19:00 (7:00 PM).

Return to Game

Devotees are allowed to enter the innermost sanctum (*garbhagriha*) for direct worship.

Answer: False

Explanation: Devotees are not permitted to enter the innermost sanctum (*garbhagriha*); they may observe from the exterior premises.

Return to Game

All four doors of the inner sanctum are opened simultaneously for devotees between 9:30 AM and 1:30 PM.

Answer: True

Explanation: The four doors of the inner sanctum are opened for devotees during the period of 09:30 to 13:30 (1:30 PM).

Return to Game

The Supreme Court of Nepal ruled against the government's appointment of Khas-Gorkhali priests, thereby upholding the traditional system.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Supreme Court of Nepal's ruling indeed favored the traditional system by ruling against the government's controversial appointment of Khas-Gorkhali priests.

Return to Game

The controversy in 2009 was resolved when the government decided to allow both the traditional Bhatta priests and the newly appointed Khas-Gorkhali priests to serve concurrently.

Answer: False

Explanation: The controversy was resolved not by concurrent service, but by the government reversing its decision and reinstating the traditional Bhatta priests following widespread opposition.

Return to Game

The main priests are trained at the Sringeri Sharada Peetham, located in Northern India.

Answer: False

Explanation: The main priests, who are Vedic Karnataka Brahmins, are trained at the Sringeri Sharada Peetham, which is located in Southern India, not Northern India.

Return to Game

The Rajbhandaris are responsible for performing the main worship and can touch the idol.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Rajbhandaris serve as caretakers and treasurers; the main worship and the privilege of touching the idol are the responsibility of the Bhatta priests.

Return to Game

Who are the primary caretakers and assistants responsible for the temple's maintenance and treasury?

Answer: Rajbhandaris

Explanation: The Rajbhandaris serve as the primary caretakers, assistants, and treasurers for the temple complex.

Return to Game

The selection of Bhatta priests at Pashupatinath Temple is based on hereditary lineage, a common practice in many Hindu temples.

Answer: False

Explanation: Unlike many Hindu temples where priesthood is hereditary, the selection of Bhatta priests at Pashupatinath is based on merit and education from Vedic scholarship, not family lineage.

Return to Game

From which region do the Bhatta priests traditionally originate?

Answer: Southern India (Karnataka)

Explanation: The Bhatta priests traditionally originate from Karnataka in Southern India, where they are trained at the Sringeri Sharada Peetham.

Return to Game

Which of the following groups is generally NOT permitted entry into the inner courtyard of the Pashupatinath Temple, according to the provided source material?

Answer: Western Hindus

Explanation: Western Hindus are generally not permitted entry into the inner courtyard, although practicing Hindus from the South Asian diaspora and Buddhists of Nepali and Tibetan origin are allowed.

Return to Game

What are the general operating hours for the inner temple courtyard for devotees?

Answer: 4:00 AM to 7:00 PM

Explanation: The inner temple courtyard is accessible to devotees daily from 04:00 AM to 07:00 PM (19:00).

Return to Game

Are devotees permitted to enter the innermost sanctum (*garbhagriha*) of the Pashupatinath Temple for direct worship?

Answer: No, they can only observe from the exterior premises.

Explanation: No, devotees are not permitted to enter the innermost sanctum (*garbhagriha*); they can observe from the exterior premises.

Return to Game

The Rajbhandaris work in rotating shifts, with each set of caretakers serving until which specific day?

Answer: The full moon day

Explanation: Each set of Rajbhandari caretakers serves their rotating shift until the full moon day.

Return to Game

The Rajbhandaris, descendants of early helper priests, were assimilated into which socio-cultural system?

Answer: The Newar caste system

Explanation: The Rajbhandaris were assimilated into the Newar caste system of the Kathmandu Valley.

Return to Game

What is the primary function of the Rajbhandaris mentioned in the source material?

Answer: Acting as treasurers, caretakers, and assistant priests.

Explanation: The Rajbhandaris primarily function as treasurers, caretakers, and assistant priests, responsible for the maintenance of the inner temple premises.

Return to Game

Religious and Cultural Significance

Maha Shivaratri and Teej are identified as two of the most prominent festivals celebrated at the Pashupatinath Temple.

Answer: True

Explanation: The temple observes numerous festivals, with Maha Shivaratri and Teej being specifically noted as particularly significant celebrations.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath complex holds significance exclusively for Hindus and has no association with Buddhist traditions.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Pashupatinath complex is significant for both Hindus and Buddhists, being associated with numerous Mahasiddhas and considered a sacred site in Vajrayana Buddhism.

Return to Game

The cremation zone within the complex is revered in Vajrayana Buddhism as one of the eight great charnel grounds.

Answer: True

Explanation: In Vajrayana Buddhism, the cremation zone is indeed venerated as one of the eight great charnel grounds, known as 'Lhundrup Tsek'.

Return to Game

The caves north of the cremation zone are associated with the meditation sites of Mahasiddhas Tilopa and Naropa.

Answer: True

Explanation: The caves north of the cremation zone are venerated as the meditation sites of Mahasiddhas Tilopa and his disciple Naropa, not Padmasambhava and Gorakhnath.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath Temple is considered the body of Shiva, with his head extending to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple.

Answer: False

Explanation: Mythologically, the Pashupatinath Temple represents the head of Shiva, with his body extending to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath Temple is spiritually linked to the Panch Kedar temples through the legend of the Mahabharata.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Pashupatinath Temple shares a spiritual connection with the Panch Kedar temples, as detailed in the Mahabharata legend concerning Shiva's dispersed divine form.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath Temple complex is considered sacred by Buddhists and is associated with numerous *mahasiddhas*.

Answer: True

Explanation: The complex holds significance for Buddhists, being associated with various *mahasiddhas* and recognized as a sacred charnel ground in Vajrayana Buddhism.

Return to Game

According to legend, how was the Pashupatinath lingam originally discovered?

Answer: A herdsman found it after it was lost centuries prior.

Explanation: Legends recount that the lingam was lost for centuries and subsequently rediscovered by a herdsman.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath complex holds significant importance in Buddhism primarily due to its association with:

Answer: Numerous *mahasiddhas* and considered a sacred charnel ground

Explanation: The complex is significant in Buddhism as it is associated with numerous *mahasiddhas* and is considered a sacred charnel ground in Vajrayana Buddhism.

Return to Game

According to mythology, the Pashupatinath Temple represents which part of Shiva's body, spiritually linked to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple?

Answer: The head

Explanation: Mythologically, the Pashupatinath Temple is considered the head of Shiva, with his body extending to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple.

Return to Game

The caves north of the cremation zone are specifically venerated as the meditation sites of which two Mahasiddhas?

Answer: Tilopa and Naropa

Explanation: These caves are venerated as the meditation sites of Mahasiddhas Tilopa and his disciple Naropa.

Return to Game

The Pashupatinath Temple is spiritually linked to which group of Himalayan shrines mentioned in the context of the Mahabharata legend?

Answer: The Panch Kedar temples

Explanation: The temple is spiritually linked to the Panch Kedar temples, as detailed in the Mahabharata legend concerning Shiva's divine form.

Return to Game

The term 'Paadal Petra Sthalam' mentioned in the source material refers to:

Answer: Specific holy sites mentioned in the Tamil devotional text *Tevaram*.

Explanation: 'Paadal Petra Sthalam' refers to specific holy sites mentioned in the Tamil devotional text *Tevaram*, highlighting Pashupatinath Temple's importance in South Indian devotional traditions.

Return to Game

What does the presence of a 'Buddha statue' within the Pashupatinath area indicate?

Answer: It signifies the presence of Buddhist elements or influences near the temple complex.

Explanation: The presence of a Buddha statue in the Pashupatinath area signifies the coexistence and influence of Buddhist elements or traditions alongside Hindu practices within the vicinity.

Return to Game

According to mythology, the Pashupatinath Temple represents which part of Shiva's body, spiritually linked to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple?

Answer: The head

Explanation: Mythologically, the Pashupatinath Temple is considered the head of Shiva, with his body extending to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple.

Return to Game