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Patrilineality is a kinship system exclusively traced through the mother's lineage.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source defines patrilineality as tracing lineage exclusively through the father's line, not the mother's.
Agnatic kinship is another term for tracing lineage through the mother's side.
Answer: False
Explanation: Agnatic kinship specifically refers to tracing lineage through the male line, contrasting with tracing through the mother's side.
Cognate kinship traces lineage through the father's line, similar to patrilineality.
Answer: False
Explanation: Cognate kinship traces lineage through the mother's side (spindle side), whereas patrilineality traces lineage through the father's side.
A 'patriline' includes a person's mother and ancestors traced exclusively through females.
Answer: False
Explanation: A patriline is defined as tracing descent exclusively through males, starting from the father.
Bilateral descent is a type of unilineal descent system.
Answer: False
Explanation: Bilateral descent traces lineage through both parents, distinguishing it from unilineal descent systems.
Patrilineality is categorized under ambilineality in kinship studies.
Answer: False
Explanation: Patrilineality is a distinct category of unilineal descent, separate from ambilineality.
Which of the following is the primary definition of patrilineality?
Answer: A kinship system where family membership is traced and recorded through their father's lineage.
Explanation: Patrilineality is defined as tracing family membership and lineage through the father's line.
What are alternative terms for patrilineality mentioned in the source?
Answer: Male line, spear side, agnatic kinship
Explanation: The source identifies 'male line,' 'spear side,' and 'agnatic kinship' as alternative terms for patrilineality.
How does cognate kinship differ from patrilineality according to the text?
Answer: Cognate kinship traces lineage through the mother's side (spindle side), while patrilineality uses the father's.
Explanation: Patrilineality traces lineage through the father's line, whereas cognate kinship traces lineage through the mother's side (spindle side).
What does the term 'patriline' specifically refer to?
Answer: A person's father and ancestors traced exclusively through males.
Explanation: A patriline specifically refers to a person's father and all ancestors traced exclusively through males.
Which term describes a kinship system that traces lineage through both the mother and father?
Answer: Cognatic or bilateral descent
Explanation: Cognatic or bilateral descent refers to kinship systems that trace lineage through both the mother and father.
Which concept relates to tracing lineage through both parents, mentioned alongside genealogy?
Answer: Bilateral descent
Explanation: Bilateral descent is the concept related to tracing lineage through both parents, mentioned in the context of genealogy.
In patrilineal systems, inheritance of property typically follows the father's line.
Answer: True
Explanation: As stated in the supporting flashcard, patrilineality involves the inheritance of property and titles through male kin.
In the Bible, family membership was transmitted through the mother's lineage.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that in the Bible, family and tribal membership was transmitted through the father's lineage.
Being considered a priest or Levite in biblical times was dependent on one's father's status.
Answer: True
Explanation: Biblical examples, such as priestly or Levite status, demonstrate transmission through the father's line.
In the New Testament, Jesus Christ's descent is traced through his mother Mary's male lineage.
Answer: False
Explanation: In the New Testament, Jesus Christ's lineage is traced through the male line from Abraham to Joseph, his stepfather.
Agnatic succession restricts inheritance of titles like a throne exclusively to female heirs.
Answer: False
Explanation: Agnatic succession restricts inheritance of titles and positions exclusively to male heirs descended through males.
Agnatic succession traditionally governed the inheritance of thrones and fiefs in various parts of the world.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that agnatic succession traditionally governed the inheritance of thrones and fiefs in various societies.
Salic law is a term for succession models that prioritize female heirs over male heirs.
Answer: False
Explanation: Salic law is a principle that excludes women from hereditary succession, prioritizing male heirs.
The Principality of Liechtenstein is the only European monarchy still using strict agnatic inheritance.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Principality of Liechtenstein is noted as the only European monarchy still adhering to strict agnatic inheritance.
Most European monarchies now use absolute primogeniture, where the eldest child inherits regardless of gender.
Answer: True
Explanation: The trend in most European monarchies has shifted towards absolute primogeniture, where the eldest child inherits regardless of gender.
Which biblical example demonstrates the transmission of identity through the father's line?
Answer: All members of the Twelve Tribes being called Israelites because their father was Israel (Jacob).
Explanation: The designation of Israelites, based on descent from Jacob (Israel), exemplifies the transmission of identity through the father's line in biblical contexts.
In the New Testament, how is Jesus Christ's descent traced?
Answer: Through the male lineage from Abraham to Joseph.
Explanation: In the New Testament, Jesus Christ's lineage is presented as traced through the male line, from Abraham to Joseph, Mary's husband.
Agnatic succession is a principle primarily related to:
Answer: The inheritance of titles or positions by male heirs through males.
Explanation: Agnatic succession is fundamentally concerned with the inheritance of titles and positions by male heirs, following a strict patrilineal descent.
Which of the following was traditionally governed by agnatic succession in Europe, Asia, and Africa?
Answer: Inheritance of thrones and fiefs.
Explanation: The inheritance of thrones and fiefs in various historical societies was traditionally governed by principles of agnatic succession.
What is Salic law known for in the context of succession?
Answer: Excluding women from hereditary monarchy.
Explanation: Salic law is recognized for its principle of excluding women from inheriting monarchies.
Which European principality currently maintains strict agnatic inheritance?
Answer: Liechtenstein
Explanation: The Principality of Liechtenstein is identified as the sole European monarchy currently maintaining strict agnatic inheritance.
What succession system has largely replaced traditional agnatic succession in most European monarchies by the 21st century?
Answer: Absolute primogeniture
Explanation: Absolute primogeniture, where the eldest child inherits regardless of gender, has largely replaced traditional agnatic succession in most European monarchies.
Genetic genealogy uses Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) to trace matrilineal lines.
Answer: False
Explanation: Genetic genealogy uses Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) to trace patrilineal lines, not matrilineal ones.
Y-chromosomal Adam (Y-MRCA) represents the most recent common ancestor traced through the patrilineal line for all living men.
Answer: True
Explanation: Y-chromosomal Adam (Y-MRCA) represents the most recent common ancestor of all living men, traced through the patrilineal line.
A 2012 discovery led to earlier estimates for the age of Y-chromosomal Adam.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 2012 discovery led to revised estimates for Y-chromosomal Adam's age, making them significantly older, not earlier.
The revised estimate places Y-chromosomal Adam's existence around 338,000 years ago.
Answer: True
Explanation: The revised estimates, influenced by a 2012 discovery, place Y-chromosomal Adam's existence around 338,000 years ago.
Prior to 2012, estimates for Y-chromosomal Adam's age were typically much older, in the hundreds of thousands of years.
Answer: False
Explanation: Prior to 2012, estimates for Y-chromosomal Adam's age were generally much more recent, typically in the tens of thousands of years.
Molecular clock and genetic marker studies are used to estimate the age of Y-chromosomal Adam.
Answer: True
Explanation: Estimates for the age of Y-chromosomal Adam are derived from molecular clock and genetic marker studies.
How does genetic genealogy utilize patrilineality?
Answer: By tracing Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) inherited paternally.
Explanation: Genetic genealogy leverages the paternal inheritance of Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) to trace patrilines.
What does Y-chromosomal Adam (Y-MRCA) represent in genetic genealogy?
Answer: The most recent common ancestor, traced through the patrilineal line, of all living men's Y-DNA.
Explanation: Y-chromosomal Adam (Y-MRCA) signifies the most recent common ancestor from whom the Y-DNA of all living men is descended, traced via the patrilineal line.
What significant event related to Y-chromosomal Adam occurred in 2012?
Answer: The discovery of a Y-chromosome variant that led to revised age estimates.
Explanation: A significant discovery in 2012 involving a rare Y-chromosome variant prompted revised estimates for the age of Y-chromosomal Adam.
How did the revised estimates for Y-chromosomal Adam's age (post-2012) compare to earlier estimates?
Answer: They were much older, revising from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of years.
Explanation: Post-2012 revised estimates for Y-chromosomal Adam's age were considerably older, shifting from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of years.
The anthropology of kinship sidebar lists 'endogamy' and 'exogamy' as basic concepts.
Answer: True
Explanation: The anthropology of kinship sidebar explicitly lists 'endogamy' and 'exogamy' among its basic concepts.
Patrilocal residence means the couple lives with or near the wife's family.
Answer: False
Explanation: Patrilocal residence signifies that a couple lives with or near the husband's family, not the wife's.
The 'Family' navbox lists 'conjugal family' and 'matrifocal family' as fundamental structures.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'Family' navbox includes 'conjugal family' and 'matrifocal family' as fundamental structures.
Which of the following is listed as a basic concept in the anthropology of kinship sidebar?
Answer: Incest taboo
Explanation: The anthropology of kinship sidebar lists 'incest taboo' as one of its fundamental concepts.
The 'Family' navbox lists which of the following as a fundamental family structure?
Answer: Nuclear family
Explanation: The 'Family' navbox identifies the 'nuclear family' as one of its fundamental structures.
Relatives like grandparents and grandchildren fall into which degree of relationship?
Answer: Second-degree relatives
Explanation: Grandparents and grandchildren are classified as second-degree relatives in kinship studies.
Which term refers to relationships like spouse, parents-in-law, and siblings-in-law?
Answer: Affinity
Explanation: Relationships such as spouse, parents-in-law, and siblings-in-law are categorized under affinity.
What are stepsiblings an example of within a family structure?
Answer: Components of a stepfamily
Explanation: Stepsiblings are identified as components within a stepfamily structure.
Which of the following is mentioned as a type of familial love or relationship?
Answer: Eros (marital love)
Explanation: The 'Family' navbox highlights 'eros (marital love)' as a type of familial relationship.