Enter a player name to begin or load your saved progress.
The province under examination is officially designated as Phongsaly.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material explicitly identifies the province of interest as Phongsaly.
Phongsaly province is located in the southern region of Laos.
Answer: False
Explanation: Contrary to the statement, the source material indicates that Phongsaly province is situated in the extreme northern part of Laos.
Phongsaly province shares its eastern border exclusively with China.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that Phongsaly province shares its eastern border with Vietnam, in addition to bordering China to the north and west.
Phongsaly province is bordered by Oudomxai province to the north and Luang Prabang province to the west.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that Phongsaly province borders Oudomxai province to the southwest and Luang Prabang province to the south, not north and west respectively.
Phongsaly province covers a land area of approximately 10,000 square kilometers.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source specifies that Phongsaly province covers a land area of 16,270 square kilometers (6,280 square miles), which is significantly larger than 10,000 square kilometers.
Phongsaly province is bordered by Oudomxai province to the north and Luang Prabang province to the west.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that Phongsaly province borders Oudomxai province to the southwest and Luang Prabang province to the south.
Phongsaly province covers a land area of approximately 10,000 square kilometers.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source specifies that Phongsaly province covers a land area of 16,270 square kilometers (6,280 square miles), which is significantly larger than 10,000 square kilometers.
Forests cover less than half of Phongsaly province's land area.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that forests cover approximately 77% of Phongsaly province's land area, which is substantially more than half.
Phongsaly province is characterized by low-lying plains with elevations rarely exceeding 300 meters.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source describes Phongsaly province as having mountainous terrain with elevations typically ranging from 450 to 1,800 meters, not low-lying plains.
The highest mountain in Phongsaly province is Phou Fa hill, reaching over 1,600 meters.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Phou Fa hill is a notable landmark at 1,625 meters, the source identifies Phou Doychy as the highest mountain in Phongsaly province, reaching 1,842 meters.
The climate of Phongsaly province is consistently hot and dry throughout the year.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source describes the climate as experiencing 'four seasons in a single day,' characterized by varied temperatures and humidity, rather than being consistently hot and dry.
The primary protected areas in Phongsaly province are the Nam Ou National Park and the Phou Fa Conservation Area.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source mentions the Phou Dene Din National Biodiversity Conservation Area and the Nam Lan Conservation Area as protected areas, not Nam Ou National Park or Phou Fa Conservation Area.
The Phou Dendin Important Bird Area (IBA) is a small conservation site covering just over 1,000 hectares.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that the Phou Dendin Important Bird Area (IBA) covers 126,880 hectares, which is significantly larger than just over 1,000 hectares.
The Phou Dendin IBA is located entirely at low altitudes, below 400 meters above sea level.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Phou Dendin IBA spans an altitude range from 500 to 1,900 meters above sea level, not entirely below 400 meters.
The Phou Dendin IBA primarily consists of mangrove forests and coastal wetlands.
Answer: False
Explanation: The habitat within the Phou Dendin IBA is described as unbroken dry evergreen forest and inland wetlands, not mangrove forests and coastal wetlands.
Bird species found in the Phou Dendin IBA include common urban birds like pigeons and sparrows.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source lists specific bird species found in the Phou Dendin IBA, such as the brown hornbill and great hornbill, not common urban birds like pigeons and sparrows.
Where is Phongsaly province situated within Laos?
Answer: In the extreme north of the country.
Explanation: The source material explicitly states that Phongsaly province is located in the extreme north of Laos.
Which countries share international borders with Phongsaly province?
Answer: China and Vietnam
Explanation: Phongsaly province shares international borders with China to the north and west, and with Vietnam to the east, according to the source.
Which Laotian provinces are adjacent to Phongsaly province?
Answer: Luang Prabang and Oudomxai
Explanation: Phongsaly province borders Luang Prabang province to the south and Oudomxai province to the southwest, as stated in the source.
What is the approximate land area of Phongsaly province?
Answer: 16,270 square kilometers
Explanation: According to the source, Phongsaly province covers a total area of 16,270 square kilometers (6,280 square miles).
What proportion of Phongsaly province's land area is covered by forests?
Answer: Approximately 77%
Explanation: The source material indicates that approximately 77% of Phongsaly province's land area is covered by forests.
Which statement best describes the elevation characteristics of Phongsaly province?
Answer: It features mountainous terrain with elevations ranging from 450 to 1,800 meters.
Explanation: The source describes Phongsaly province as having mountainous terrain with elevations typically ranging from approximately 450 to 1,800 meters above sea level.
What is the name and height of the highest mountain in Phongsaly province?
Answer: Phou Doychy, 1,842 meters
Explanation: The source identifies Phou Doychy as the highest mountain in Phongsaly province, reaching an elevation of 1,842 meters.
Which description accurately reflects the climate and weather patterns in Phongsaly province?
Answer: Experiencing 'four seasons in a single day' with varied temperatures and humidity.
Explanation: The source describes the weather in Phongsaly province as experiencing 'four seasons in a single day,' characterized by cold mornings and evenings, daytime humidity, and afternoon rains.
Identify the protected areas mentioned within Phongsaly province.
Answer: Phou Dene Din National Biodiversity Conservation Area and Nam Lan Conservation Area
Explanation: The source explicitly names the Phou Dene Din National Biodiversity Conservation Area and the Nam Lan Conservation Area as protected areas within Phongsaly province.
What is the size of the Phou Dendin Important Bird Area (IBA)?
Answer: 126,880 hectares
Explanation: The Phou Dendin Important Bird Area (IBA) is stated to cover 126,880 hectares in the source material.
What is the altitude range covered by the Phou Dendin IBA?
Answer: 500 to 1,900 meters
Explanation: The Phou Dendin IBA spans an altitude range from 500 to 1,900 meters above sea level, as indicated by the source.
Which types of natural habitats are found within the Phou Dendin IBA?
Answer: Unbroken dry evergreen forest and inland wetlands
Explanation: The source specifies that the habitat within the Phou Dendin IBA consists of unbroken dry evergreen forest and inland wetlands.
Which of the following bird species is mentioned as inhabiting the Phou Dendin IBA?
Answer: Brown Hornbill
Explanation: The source lists the brown hornbill among the bird species found within the Phou Dendin IBA.
In which direction does Oudomxai province border Phongsaly province?
Answer: Southwest
Explanation: The source specifies that Oudomxai province borders Phongsaly province to the southwest.
What is the elevation of Phou Fa hill?
Answer: 1,625 meters
Explanation: Phou Fa hill, a landmark near the capital, has an elevation of 1,625 meters, as stated in the source.
Which altitude range corresponds to the Phou Dendin IBA?
Answer: 500-1900 meters
Explanation: The Phou Dendin IBA is situated within an altitude range of 500 to 1,900 meters above sea level, as stated in the source.
The capital city of Phongsaly province is named Luang Prabang.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source material identifies Phongsaly city as the capital of Phongsaly province, not Luang Prabang.
Phongsaly province is divided into twelve administrative districts.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that Phongsaly province is divided into seven administrative districts, referred to as mueang.
The administrative code for the Oudomxai District is 02-01.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source specifies that the administrative code for Phongsaly District is 02-01, not Oudomxai District.
According to the 2015 census, Phongsaly District had the largest population in the province.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 2015 census data indicates that Yot Ou District had the largest population, not Phongsaly District.
The Lao script name for Yot Ou District is \u0ec3\u0edd\u0ec8.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that the Lao script name for May District is \u0ec3\u0edd\u0ec8, not for Yot Ou District.
Yot Ou District, the northernmost district, has a small population concentrated in only a few villages.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that Yot Ou District, while northernmost, has a substantial population of 31,000 spread across 98 villages, representing 11 ethnic groups.
Which city serves as the capital of Phongsaly province?
Answer: Phongsaly
Explanation: The source identifies Phongsaly city as the capital of Phongsaly province.
How many administrative districts does Phongsaly province contain?
Answer: Seven
Explanation: Phongsaly province is divided into seven administrative districts, referred to as mueang, according to the source.
According to the 2015 census data provided, which district had the largest population in Phongsaly province?
Answer: Yot Ou District
Explanation: The 2015 census data cited in the source indicates that Yot Ou District recorded the largest population within Phongsaly province.
What is notable about the population distribution in Yot Ou District, the northernmost district?
Answer: Its large population of 31,000 is spread across 98 villages representing 11 ethnic groups.
Explanation: The source details that Yot Ou District, the northernmost district, has a population of 31,000 distributed across 98 villages, encompassing 11 distinct ethnic groups.
What was the total population of Phongsaly province recorded in the 2015 census?
Answer: 177,989
Explanation: The 2015 census data indicates that the total population of Phongsaly province was 177,989.
How many minority ethnic groups reside in Phongsaly province, according to the source?
Answer: 13
Explanation: The source states that Phongsaly province is home to 13 minority ethnic groups.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a primary language family for minority languages in Phongsaly province?
Answer: Austronesian
Explanation: The source lists Tai (Kra-Dai), Hanoish (Tibeto-Burman), and Khmuic (Austroasiatic) as primary language families for minority languages in Phongsaly, but does not mention Austronesian.
What term is used in the source to refer to the administrative districts of Phongsaly province?
Answer: Mueang
Explanation: The source refers to the administrative districts of Phongsaly province using the term 'mueang'.
Which of the following is listed as one of the 13 minority ethnic groups in Phongsaly?
Answer: Akha
Explanation: The Akha are listed among the 13 minority ethnic groups residing in Phongsaly province, according to the source.
What is the autonym (native name) for the Lü language mentioned in the source?
Answer: taj31 lɯ13
Explanation: The source provides 'taj31 lɯ13' as the autonym for the Lü language.
To which linguistic classification does the Phongku language belong, according to the source?
Answer: Phunoi branch, Bisoid languages
Explanation: The source classifies the Phongku language as belonging to the Phunoi branch, which is part of the Bisoid languages.
The culture of Phongsaly province has historically been shaped primarily by influences from Vietnam.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source material indicates that the culture of Phongsaly province has been historically shaped primarily by influences from China, not Vietnam.
The culture of Phongsaly province has historically been shaped primarily by influences from Vietnam.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source material indicates that the culture of Phongsaly province has been historically shaped primarily by influences from China, not Vietnam.
Historically, Phongsaly province was primarily part of the Vietnamese kingdom of Dai Viet.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that historically, a significant portion of Phongsaly province belonged to the kingdom of Chiang Hung (Sipsong Panna), not primarily the Vietnamese kingdom of Dai Viet.
The territory constituting Phongsaly province was ceded to French Indochina in the early 20th century, around 1905.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that the territory was ceded to French Indochina in 1886, not around 1905.
The Phunoi ethnic group migrated to Phongsaly province from southern China at the end of the 18th century.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the Phunoi people migrated to Phongsaly province from Muang Sing or Burma at the end of the 18th century, not from southern China.
The Hmong people settled in Phongsaly in the early 19th century, having migrated from Vietnam.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that the Hmong people settled in Phongsaly at the end of the 19th century, having migrated from southern China, not from Vietnam in the early 19th century.
The Tai Lue people peacefully integrated into colonial administration between 1908 and 1910 without conflict.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that between 1908 and 1910, the Tai Lue people conducted a revolt against the colonial authority, which led to military control, rather than a peaceful integration.
Following the Communist rise to power in 1954, the Phunoi people in Phongsaly experienced increased religious freedom.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that within six years of the Communist rise to power in 1954, the Phunoi people began to experience Buddhist religious purges, indicating a decrease, not an increase, in religious freedom.
What major historical external influence has shaped the culture of Phongsaly province?
Answer: China
Explanation: The source material identifies China as the primary historical external influence that has shaped the culture of Phongsaly province.
Historically, which kingdom encompassed a significant portion of present-day Phongsaly province?
Answer: Chiang Hung (Sipsong Panna)
Explanation: The source indicates that historically, a substantial part of the territory now constituting Phongsaly province belonged to the kingdom of Chiang Hung, also known as Sipsong Panna.
In what year was the territory constituting Phongsaly province ceded to French Indochina?
Answer: 1886
Explanation: The source specifies that the region constituting Phongsaly province was ceded to French Indochina in the year 1886.
From where did the Phunoi ethnic group migrate when they arrived in Phongsaly province at the end of the 18th century?
Answer: Muang Sing or Burma
Explanation: According to the source, the Phunoi people migrated to Phongsaly province from Muang Sing or Burma at the end of the 18th century.
When did the Hmong people settle in Phongsaly, and from where did they originate?
Answer: End of the 19th century, from southern China
Explanation: The source indicates that the Hmong people settled in Phongsaly at the end of the 19th century, having migrated from southern China.
What significant event involving the Tai Lue people occurred between 1908 and 1910?
Answer: They conducted a revolt against the colonial authority, after which the military took control.
Explanation: Between 1908 and 1910, the Tai Lue people engaged in a revolt against the colonial authority, resulting in the colonial military assuming full control of Phongsaly.
What impact did the Communist rise to power in Phongsaly in 1954 have on the Phunoi people?
Answer: They began to experience Buddhist religious purges within six years.
Explanation: Following the Communist ascent to power in Phongsaly in 1954, the Phunoi people subsequently faced Buddhist religious purges within a six-year period, as noted in the source.
What was the effect of the 1954 Geneva Accords regarding the Pathet Lao forces in Phongsaly?
Answer: The Pathet Lao forces were allocated zones for regrouping.
Explanation: The 1954 Geneva Accords resulted in the Pathet Lao forces stationed in Phongsaly province being assigned specific zones for regrouping.
On what date was Phongsaly province officially integrated into the Royal Lao Government?
Answer: December 18, 1957
Explanation: Phongsaly province was officially integrated into the Royal Lao Government on December 18, 1957, according to the provided source.
Which group migrated from southern China and settled in Phongsaly at the end of the 19th century?
Answer: The Hmong
Explanation: The source indicates that the Hmong people migrated from southern China and settled in Phongsaly at the end of the 19th century.
After his release in 1945, with whom did Sithon Kommadam make contact to establish resistance bases?
Answer: The Viet Minh
Explanation: Following his release in 1945, Sithon Kommadam established resistance bases and subsequently made contact with the Viet Minh, according to the source.
According to the source, where did the Phunoi people come from before migrating to Phongsaly?
Answer: Muang Sing or Burma
Explanation: The source indicates that the Phunoi people migrated to Phongsaly province from Muang Sing or Burma at the end of the 18th century.
Economic interactions with China have led to increased forestation in Phongsaly province.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that economic commerce with China has resulted in deforestation in certain areas of Phongsaly province, not increased forestation.
What is a noted environmental consequence of economic commerce with China in Phongsaly province?
Answer: Deforestation in certain areas.
Explanation: The source highlights deforestation in certain areas as an environmental consequence linked to economic commerce with China in Phongsaly province.
What role does Phongsaly play in trade between Laos and China?
Answer: It serves as the primary trade gateway, exporting lumber and importing goods.
Explanation: Phongsaly functions as the primary trade gateway between Laos and China, facilitating the export of lumber and the import of various finished goods, as stated in the source.
What is the primary objective of installing mini hydro-power projects in 24 villages in Phongsaly?
Answer: To provide electricity and reduce poverty in remote rural populations.
Explanation: The mini hydro-power projects in Phongsaly aim to provide electricity and thereby reduce poverty among the rural populations in remote villages, utilizing the region's hydro potential.
Which issue are the UNODC initiatives in Phongsaly primarily designed to address?
Answer: Opium addiction and promoting alternative livelihoods
Explanation: UNODC initiatives in Phongsaly are primarily focused on addressing opium addiction and promoting alternative livelihoods, as detailed in the source.
In the late 20th century, what was the prevalence of opium cultivation and addiction in Phongsaly province?
Answer: Widespread cultivation (513/611 villages) and a 5.6% addiction rate.
Explanation: During the late 20th century, opium cultivation was widespread in Phongsaly, affecting 513 out of 611 villages, and the addiction rate stood at 5.6%, according to the source.
According to the source, what environmental issue has been linked to economic commerce with China in Phongsaly?
Answer: Deforestation
Explanation: The source links economic commerce with China to the environmental issue of deforestation in certain areas of Phongsaly province.
What is notable about poverty levels in Phongsaly province compared to other districts?
Answer: It contains the largest number of districts falling below the poverty line.
Explanation: The source highlights that Phongsaly province contains the largest number of districts that fall below the poverty line.
What percentage of the funding for the mini hydro-power initiative was provided by the Energy and Environment Partnership (EEP) of Mekong?
Answer: 48%
Explanation: The Energy and Environment Partnership (EEP) of Mekong provided 48% of the funding for the mini hydro-power initiative, according to the source.
What percentage of the national opium production did Phongsaly province account for in the late 20th century?
Answer: 20%
Explanation: In the late 20th century, Phongsaly province accounted for 20% of the national opium production, cultivating opium on 3,872 hectares.
What types of goods are mentioned as being traded through Phongsaly between Laos and China?
Answer: Lumber and finished goods
Explanation: The source specifies that lumber and finished goods are among the types of items traded through Phongsaly between Laos and China.
What is the full name of one of the UNODC projects mentioned for alternative development in Phongsaly?
Answer: Phongsaly Alternative Development Fund Project for Opium Elimination
Explanation: The source mentions the 'Phongsaly Alternative Development Fund Project for Opium Elimination' as one of the UNODC projects aimed at alternative development.
Besides manufacturing, what other type of foreign economic activity is mentioned in Phongsaly province?
Answer: General foreign investment
Explanation: In addition to Chinese manufacturing companies, the source mentions general foreign investment as another type of economic activity present in Phongsaly province.
Phou Fa hill is accessible only by climbing over 500 steps and lacks road access to its summit.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that Phou Fa hill is accessible by road to the summit, although reaching the very top requires climbing 431 steps.
How is Phou Fa hill, a landmark near the capital, described in terms of accessibility?
Answer: Reachable by road to the summit, requiring a climb of 431 steps to the very top.
Explanation: The source indicates that Phou Fa hill is accessible by road to its summit, with 431 steps leading to the very top.
Which of the following is identified as a primary landmark in Phongsaly province?
Answer: The That Phou Xay Stupa
Explanation: The source lists the That Phou Xay Stupa as one of the primary landmarks within Phongsaly province.
Where is the Wat Ou-Tai Temple located, and what is its approximate age?
Answer: In Ban Ou-Tai village, approximately 500 years old.
Explanation: The Wat Ou-Tai Temple is situated in Ban Ou-Tai village and is estimated to be approximately 500 years old, according to the source.
Which architectural style is characteristic of the Wat Luang Ou-Neua Temple?
Answer: Lue architectural style
Explanation: The Wat Luang Ou-Neua Temple exhibits a Lue architectural style, characterized by its double overlapping roof, as described in the source.
How do visitors typically access the That Phou Xay Stupa?
Answer: By ascending approximately 400 steps.
Explanation: Visitors typically access the That Phou Xay Stupa by ascending approximately 400 steps, as indicated in the source material.
Which aspect is mentioned as being distinct among the diverse ethnic groups in Phongsaly?
Answer: Their marriage customs and handicrafts
Explanation: The source notes that the diverse ethnic groups in Phongsaly each maintain distinct practices related to marriage customs and handicrafts, such as silverware and jewelry creation.
What is the function of the 'Ou Bo Sot' within the Wat Ou-Tai Temple complex?
Answer: A place for monks to convene and conduct religious ceremonies.
Explanation: The 'Ou Bo Sot' within the Wat Ou-Tai Temple complex serves as a shrine recognized by Tai Lue ethnic groups as a place for monks to convene and conduct religious ceremonies.
Which village is the Wat Ou-Tai Temple located in?
Answer: Ban Ou-Tai village
Explanation: The Wat Ou-Tai Temple is located in Ban Ou-Tai village, according to the information provided in the source.