Enter a player name to begin or load your saved progress.
Salvador Allende was the first Marxist leader to be democratically elected president in Latin America.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source identifies Salvador Allende as the first Marxist leader to be democratically elected president in Latin America.
Salvador Allende served as President of Chile from 1970 to 1975.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that Salvador Allende served as President of Chile from November 3, 1970, until September 11, 1973.
The political coalition led by Salvador Allende was known as the National Unity coalition.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source identifies the political coalition led by Salvador Allende as Popular Unity (Unidad Popular or UP).
In the 1970 Chilean presidential election, Salvador Allende won an outright majority of the popular vote.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that Salvador Allende won a plurality with 36.2% of the vote in the 1970 election, not an outright majority.
The Chilean Congress confirmed Allende's election without any conditions.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the Chilean Congress confirmed Allende's election only after he signed the 'Statute of Constitutional Guarantees'.
The 'Statute of Constitutional Guarantees' was signed by Allende to appease the National Party.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that the Statute of Constitutional Guarantees was signed by Allende to gain the support of Christian Democrat senators, not the National Party.
Identify Salvador Allende and his principal historical significance.
Answer: The first Marxist democratically elected president in Latin America.
Explanation: The source states that Salvador Allende was the President of Chile from 1970 to 1973 and is historically significant as the first Marxist leader democratically elected to the presidency of a liberal democracy in Latin America.
During what period did Salvador Allende serve as President of Chile?
Answer: 1970-1973
Explanation: The source indicates that Salvador Allende served as President of Chile from November 3, 1970, until September 11, 1973.
What was the name of the political coalition led by Salvador Allende?
Answer: Popular Unity (Unidad Popular or UP)
Explanation: The source identifies the political coalition led by Salvador Allende as Popular Unity (Unidad Popular or UP).
What percentage of the vote did Salvador Allende receive in the 1970 Chilean presidential election?
Answer: 36.2%
Explanation: The source states that Salvador Allende received 36.2% of the vote in the 1970 Chilean presidential election.
What condition did the Chilean Congress impose for confirming Allende's election?
Answer: The signing of the 'Statute of Constitutional Guarantees'.
Explanation: The source indicates that the Chilean Congress confirmed Allende's election after he signed the 'Statute of Constitutional Guarantees'.
Chile experienced political stability and economic prosperity throughout Allende's term.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that Chile experienced significant political polarization, civil unrest, and economic difficulties, including negative GDP growth and shortages, during Allende's term.
Initially, Allende's government experienced negative economic growth and soaring GDP.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that initially, Allende's government experienced positive economic growth, with an 8.6% increase in GDP, before experiencing negative growth later.
During Allende's presidency, Chile experienced negative GDP growth between 1971 and 1973.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Chile experienced negative GDP growth annually between 1971 and 1973.
The price of copper increased significantly during Allende's term, boosting the Chilean economy.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the price of copper fell significantly during Allende's term, negatively impacting the Chilean economy.
Economists Rudi Dornbusch and Sebastian Edwards coined the term 'macroeconomic populism' based on Allende's policies.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that economists Rudi Dornbusch and Sebastian Edwards coined the term 'macroeconomic populism' using Allende's policies as a basis.
The 'Chicago Boys' implemented free-market policies that aligned with Allende's socialist approach.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the 'Chicago Boys' implemented free-market policies, which contrasted sharply with Allende's socialist approach.
What was a major negative economic trend during Allende's presidency?
Answer: Shortage of basic commodities and rise of black markets
Explanation: The source identifies a shortage of basic commodities and the rise of black markets as major negative economic trends during Allende's presidency.
What term did economists Rudi Dornbusch and Sebastian Edwards coin based on Allende's economic policies?
Answer: Macroeconomic populism
Explanation: The source confirms that economists Rudi Dornbusch and Sebastian Edwards coined the term 'macroeconomic populism' based on Allende's economic policies.
What economic approach did the 'Chicago Boys' implement in Chile?
Answer: Free-market economic policies
Explanation: The source indicates that the 'Chicago Boys' implemented free-market economic policies in Chile.
Allende faced strong opposition from landowners, financiers, and the Roman Catholic Church.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Allende faced strong opposition from various sectors, including landowners, financiers, and the Roman Catholic Church.
The Popular Unity coalition was completely unified in its approach to socialism.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the Popular Unity coalition was not unanimous, with divisions between Allende's cautious approach and the radical leftist wing's advocacy for immediate dismantling of capitalism.
By 1973, the political landscape was unified, with minimal polarization between left and right.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that by 1973, the political landscape was highly polarized, not unified.
In the 1973 parliamentary elections, Allende's coalition saw its vote share decrease.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that Allende's Popular Unity coalition increased its vote share to 43 percent in the early 1973 parliamentary elections.
The 'Patria y Libertad' group supported Allende's socialist government.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source identifies 'Patria y Libertad' as a far-right paramilitary group that opposed Allende's government and initiated a trucking strike.
Allende claimed his government respected ideological pluralism and freedom of the press.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Allende asserted his government respected ideological pluralism and freedoms such as press and assembly.
The 24-day trucking strike in 1972 was supported by the CIA and damaged the economy.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the 24-day trucking strike in 1972 was supported by the CIA and significantly damaged the economy.
Which of the following was a significant factor in the political and social climate during Allende's presidency?
Answer: CIA-sponsored interventionism
Explanation: The source identifies CIA-sponsored interventionism as a significant factor contributing to the political and social climate during Allende's presidency.
What was the outcome for Allende's Popular Unity coalition in the early 1973 parliamentary elections?
Answer: Their vote share increased to 43 percent.
Explanation: The source states that Allende's Popular Unity coalition increased its vote share to 43 percent in the early 1973 parliamentary elections.
Which far-right paramilitary group initiated a paralyzing trucking strike in October 1972?
Answer: Patria y Libertad
Explanation: The source identifies 'Patria y Libertad' as the far-right paramilitary group that initiated a paralyzing trucking strike in October 1972.
What did Allende claim about his government's respect for freedoms?
Answer: His government was more democratic and respected freedoms like press and assembly.
Explanation: The source states that Allende claimed his government was more democratic and respected freedoms such as press and assembly.
Fidel Castro's visit to Chile in 1971 eased fears of a Cuban-style socialist takeover.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that Fidel Castro's visit to Chile in 1971 fueled fears on the right regarding a potential Cuban-style socialist takeover.
The U.S. government under President Nixon supported Allende's socialist government.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the U.S. government under President Nixon was hostile to Allende's socialist government and engaged in clandestine efforts against him.
The U.S. government directed the CIA to actively support Allende's coup.
Answer: True
Explanation: A formal instruction in October 1970 directed the CIA to 'generate maximum pressure' to overthrow Allende by a coup, indicating U.S. government direction.
The CIA provided weapons to a group plotting a coup linked to the attempted kidnapping of René Schneider.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states the CIA passed weapons to a group of officers plotting a coup, which was linked to the attempted kidnapping of Army Commander René Schneider.
Henry Kissinger claimed the U.S. directly orchestrated the 1973 coup against Allende.
Answer: False
Explanation: Henry Kissinger stated that while the U.S. "didn't do it" (the coup itself), they had "created the conditions as great as possible" for it to occur.
The Soviet Union provided substantial economic and military support to Allende's government.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the Soviet Union committed significant economic aid and approved the delivery of weapons to Allende's government.
Allende's government found the Soviet economic assistance to be more than sufficient.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that Allende's government was disappointed with the Soviet economic assistance, finding it less than hoped for and insufficient.
Allegations suggest Salvador Allende was a confirmed KGB agent.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source mentions allegations of Allende's connections to the KGB but notes that the belief he was a KGB agent is not universally held.
The 'September Plan' was a CIA initiative that supported a trucking strike with US$2 million.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the 'September Plan' was a CIA initiative that provided US$2 million to support a trucking strike.
Project FUBELT was a covert U.S. operation aimed at preventing Allende from taking office.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Project FUBELT was a covert U.S. operation aimed at preventing Allende from taking office or overthrowing his government.
National Security Decision 93 focused on consolidating Allende's power in Chile.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that National Security Decision 93 outlined U.S. policy to prevent Allende's consolidation of power and support opposition forces.
What was the U.S. government's directive regarding Allende's presidency in October 1970?
Answer: To generate maximum pressure to overthrow Allende by a coup.
Explanation: The source states that a formal instruction in October 1970 directed the CIA to 'generate maximum pressure' to overthrow Allende by a coup.
What was the Soviet Union's stance on providing weapons to Allende's government in mid-1973?
Answer: They approved delivery but later redirected the weapons.
Explanation: The source states that in mid-1973, the USSR approved the delivery of weapons but later redirected them when news of an impending coup emerged.
What was the general sentiment of Allende's government regarding Soviet economic assistance?
Answer: It was disappointing and less than hoped for.
Explanation: The source indicates that Allende's government found the Soviet economic assistance disappointing and less than hoped for.
What does the source say about allegations of Salvador Allende's connection to the KGB?
Answer: There are allegations of connections, but it's not universally believed he was an agent.
Explanation: The source mentions allegations of Allende's connections to the KGB but notes that the belief he was a KGB agent is not universally held.
What was the covert U.S. operation known as 'Project FUBELT' aimed at?
Answer: Preventing Allende from taking office or overthrowing his government.
Explanation: The source states that Project FUBELT was a covert U.S. operation aimed at preventing Allende from taking office or overthrowing his government.
What was the focus of U.S. National Security Decision 93 concerning Chile?
Answer: To prevent Allende's consolidation of power and support opposition.
Explanation: The source states that U.S. National Security Decision 93 focused on preventing Allende's consolidation of power and supporting opposition forces.
Allende's presidency concluded with a military coup led by General Augusto Pinochet.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Allende's presidency was ended by a military coup on September 11, 1973, led by General Augusto Pinochet.
The 'Tanquetazo' was a successful military coup that immediately ended Allende's presidency in June 1973.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source describes the 'Tanquetazo' as a failed coup attempt by elements of the Chilean Army in June 1973, not a successful one that ended Allende's presidency.
In August 1973, the Chilean Chamber of Deputies declared Allende's administration lawful.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that in August 1973, the Chilean Chamber of Deputies passed a resolution declaring the Allende administration unlawful.
President Allende responded to the Chamber of Deputies' resolution by calling for unity in defense of the constitution.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source indicates that President Allende defended his government's democratic credentials and called for unity in defense of the constitution in response to the Chamber of Deputies' resolution.
Carlos Prats succeeded Augusto Pinochet as commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that Carlos Prats succeeded René Schneider as commander-in-chief of the army, and Prats was later replaced by Pinochet.
The 'Schneider Doctrine' emphasized the military's role in upholding the constitution and opposing coups.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source explains that the Schneider Doctrine emphasized the military's role in upholding the constitution and opposing coups.
Operation Condor was a campaign of political repression carried out by right-wing dictatorships in the Southern Cone, including Chile under Pinochet.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source defines Operation Condor as a campaign of political repression by Southern Cone dictatorships, including Chile under Pinochet.
The Chilean Senate declared Allende's administration 'lawful' in August 1973.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the Chilean Senate declared Allende's administration 'unlawful' in August 1973.
The 'Schneider Doctrine' supported military involvement in political coups.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source explains that the Schneider Doctrine advocated for the military's adherence to constitutional principles and opposition to coups.
What event marked the end of Salvador Allende's presidency?
Answer: A military coup led by General Augusto Pinochet.
Explanation: The source states that Allende's presidency concluded with a military coup on September 11, 1973, led by General Augusto Pinochet.
What was the 'Tanquetazo' in June 1973?
Answer: A failed coup attempt by elements of the Chilean Army.
Explanation: The source defines the 'Tanquetazo' as a failed coup attempt by elements of the Chilean Army against Allende's government in June 1973.
What action did the Chilean Chamber of Deputies take against Allende's government on August 22, 1973?
Answer: They passed a resolution declaring the administration unlawful.
Explanation: The source states that on August 22, 1973, the Chilean Chamber of Deputies passed a resolution declaring the Allende administration unlawful.
How did Allende respond to the Chamber of Deputies' resolution declaring his administration unlawful?
Answer: He defended his government's democratic credentials and called for unity.
Explanation: The source indicates that Allende defended his government's democratic credentials and called for unity in response to the Chamber of Deputies' resolution.
Who succeeded René Schneider as commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army?
Answer: Carlos Prats
Explanation: The source states that Carlos Prats succeeded René Schneider as commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army.
What was the 'Schneider Doctrine'?
Answer: A doctrine emphasizing the military's role in upholding the constitution.
Explanation: The source explains that the Schneider Doctrine emphasized the military's role in upholding the constitution and opposing coups.
What was 'Operation Condor'?
Answer: A campaign of political repression by Southern Cone dictatorships.
Explanation: The source defines Operation Condor as a campaign of political repression carried out by right-wing dictatorships in the Southern Cone.
How did the Chilean Senate describe Allende's administration in August 1973?
Answer: Unlawful
Explanation: The source indicates that the Chilean Senate described Allende's administration as 'unlawful' in August 1973.