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Robert Fisk was born in Dublin, Ireland, and later became a British citizen.
Answer: False
Explanation: Robert Fisk was born in Maidstone, Kent, England, and held both Irish and British citizenship.
Robert Fisk earned his PhD from Lancaster University.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Robert Fisk attended Lancaster University for his BA, he earned his PhD in political science from Trinity College Dublin.
Robert Fisk was married to Afghan-Canadian journalist Nelofer Pazira at the time of his death.
Answer: True
Explanation: At the time of his death, Robert Fisk was married to Nelofer Pazira, an Afghan-Canadian journalist, author, and human rights activist.
Where was Robert Fisk born?
Answer: Maidstone, Kent, England
Explanation: Robert Fisk was born on July 12, 1946, in Maidstone, Kent, England.
Which university awarded Robert Fisk his PhD in political science?
Answer: Trinity College Dublin
Explanation: Robert Fisk completed his doctoral studies in political science at Trinity College Dublin, earning his PhD in 1985.
Who was Robert Fisk married to at the time of his death?
Answer: Nelofer Pazira
Explanation: At the time of his passing, Robert Fisk was married to Nelofer Pazira, who is an Afghan-Canadian journalist, author, and human rights activist.
Robert Fisk, a distinguished English journalist, is primarily recognized for his extensive reporting on European conflicts.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source material consistently identifies Robert Fisk's primary focus as extensive reporting on the Middle East, not European conflicts.
Robert Fisk's primary role as a correspondent was for *The Times* newspaper.
Answer: False
Explanation: Although Fisk worked for *The Times*, his primary and most recognized role as a correspondent was for *The Independent*.
Robert Fisk moved to *The Independent* because he felt *The Times* offered him better opportunities for Middle East coverage.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fisk reportedly moved to *The Independent* in 1989 after *The Times* suppressed a story he had written concerning Iran Air Flight 655, following Rupert Murdoch's acquisition of the paper.
*The New York Times* described Robert Fisk as a significant, but not widely famous, correspondent.
Answer: False
Explanation: The *New York Times* actually referred to Robert Fisk as 'probably the most famous foreign correspondent in Britain,' indicating significant fame.
During his distinguished journalistic career, what was Robert Fisk principally recognized for?
Answer: Providing in-depth reporting and analysis of the Middle East.
Explanation: Robert Fisk was widely acclaimed for his comprehensive and insightful coverage of the Middle East, establishing himself as a preeminent voice on the region's complex geopolitical landscape.
For which British newspaper did Robert Fisk serve as the Middle East correspondent?
Answer: The Independent
Explanation: Robert Fisk's primary and most recognized role as a correspondent was for the British newspaper *The Independent*, where he served as its Middle East correspondent.
What reason is suggested for Robert Fisk's move from *The Times* to *The Independent*?
Answer: *The Times* suppressed a story he wrote about Iran Air Flight 655 after Rupert Murdoch's acquisition.
Explanation: Fisk's transition to *The Independent* is reportedly linked to *The Times* suppressing a story he authored concerning Iran Air Flight 655, following Rupert Murdoch's acquisition of the newspaper.
How did *The Economist* describe Robert Fisk's standing in journalism?
Answer: As one of the most influential correspondents in the Middle East since World War II.
Explanation: *The Economist* characterized Robert Fisk as "one of the most influential correspondents in the Middle East since the Second World War," underscoring his significant impact.
Robert Fisk famously interviewed Osama bin Laden only once in the mid-1990s.
Answer: False
Explanation: Robert Fisk conducted three interviews with Osama bin Laden between 1993 and 1997, not just one.
Robert Fisk was among the first Western journalists to report on the Sabra and Shatila massacre.
Answer: True
Explanation: Fisk resided in Beirut during the Lebanese Civil War and was indeed one of the initial Western journalists to cover the atrocities of the Sabra and Shatila massacre.
While covering the Iran-Iraq War, Robert Fisk suffered permanent hearing loss due to shrapnel from a bomb.
Answer: False
Explanation: Robert Fisk sustained permanent partial hearing loss due to proximity to artillery fire during the Iran-Iraq War, not from bomb shrapnel.
Robert Fisk believed the sectarian violence in Iraq after the 2003 invasion was solely the result of internal Iraqi divisions.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fisk argued that the sectarian violence was not solely due to internal divisions, but also implicated the occupation authorities who funded the Ministry of Interior and its associated militias.
Robert Fisk believed that the arbitrary borders drawn after World War I were a root cause of many modern conflicts.
Answer: True
Explanation: Fisk frequently posited that the artificial borders established after World War I were a fundamental origin of numerous subsequent conflicts in regions like the Middle East.
Which of the following conflicts was NOT covered by Robert Fisk?
Answer: The Vietnam War
Explanation: While Fisk covered numerous conflicts including the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the Lebanese Civil Wars, and the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the Vietnam War is not listed among his primary areas of coverage.
How many interviews did Robert Fisk conduct with Osama bin Laden?
Answer: Three
Explanation: Robert Fisk conducted three interviews with Osama bin Laden during the period between 1993 and 1997.
What significant event in Lebanon did Robert Fisk report on, being one of the first Western journalists present?
Answer: The Sabra and Shatila massacre
Explanation: While living in Beirut during the Lebanese Civil War, Robert Fisk was among the first Western journalists to report on the Sabra and Shatila massacre.
What injury did Robert Fisk sustain while covering the Iran-Iraq War?
Answer: Permanent partial hearing loss from artillery proximity.
Explanation: During his coverage of the Iran-Iraq War, Robert Fisk sustained permanent partial hearing loss as a consequence of being near heavy artillery fire.
What did Robert Fisk believe was the origin of many modern conflicts in the Middle East?
Answer: Arbitrary borders drawn after World War I
Explanation: Fisk frequently argued that the arbitrary borders imposed after World War I were a primary source of many contemporary conflicts in the Middle East.
Robert Fisk attributed the brutality of the Afghan refugees who attacked him to their inherent nature.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fisk attributed the violence of the Afghan refugees who attacked him to external factors, such as Western actions and their own desperation, rather than inherent brutality.
Robert Fisk praised the practice of "hotel journalism" for allowing journalists safety and comfort.
Answer: False
Explanation: Robert Fisk was a vocal critic of "hotel journalism," viewing it as a practice that detached reporters from the realities on the ground and allowed authorities a free hand.
Robert Fisk believed journalism should prioritize detached objectivity above all else.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fisk advocated for moral passion and indignation in reporting, arguing that journalists should report from the perspective of the victim, rather than prioritizing detached objectivity.
Robert Fisk identified as a staunch supporter of electoral politics and voted in most major elections.
Answer: False
Explanation: Robert Fisk identified as a pacifist and described himself as a non-voter, contrary to being a staunch supporter of electoral politics.
Robert Fisk argued that journalists should always remain neutral and detached observers, regardless of the situation.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fisk contended that journalists should not remain detached observers but should instead report from the perspective of the victim and challenge authority, advocating for moral engagement.
Robert Fisk believed that journalistic training often encouraged conformity and discouraged critical thinking among reporters.
Answer: True
Explanation: Fisk expressed suspicion that the language and methods taught in journalistic training could foster conformity and limit critical thinking, potentially making reporters more loyal to authority.
What was Robert Fisk's critical stance regarding U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East?
Answer: He was a vocal critic, particularly of its involvement in regional conflicts and interventions.
Explanation: Fisk was known for his strong criticisms of United States foreign policy in the Middle East, frequently questioning its interventions and their consequences.
How did Robert Fisk explain the violence inflicted upon him by Afghan refugees in Pakistan?
Answer: He attributed it to their desperation and fear caused by Western actions.
Explanation: Fisk explained the attack by Afghan refugees by attributing their actions to the desperation and fear engendered by Western interventions and policies in the region.
What term did Robert Fisk use to criticize journalists who reported from the safety of hotels during the Iraq invasion?
Answer: Hotel journalism
Explanation: Robert Fisk coined the term 'hotel journalism' to critique reporters who filed stories from the safety of hotels, detached from the actual events and people on the ground.
According to Robert Fisk's principles, what should be a fundamental aspect of journalism?
Answer: Challenging authority and reporting from the perspective of the victim.
Explanation: Fisk asserted that journalism's fundamental duty involved challenging authority and reporting from the victim's viewpoint, emphasizing moral passion over detached objectivity.
What were Robert Fisk's personal views on voting and war?
Answer: He identified as a pacifist and a non-voter.
Explanation: Robert Fisk identified himself as a pacifist and stated that he was a non-voter, indicating a personal stance against both war and participation in electoral politics.
What did Robert Fisk advocate for regarding the perspective of reporting?
Answer: Reporting from the perspective of the victim.
Explanation: Robert Fisk strongly advocated for journalists to report from the perspective of the victim, asserting that failing to do so meant being 'out of their minds'.
What did Robert Fisk suspect about the language taught to trainee reporters?
Answer: It could limit their thinking and imagination, fostering conformity.
Explanation: Fisk suspected that the language and methods taught in journalistic training might stifle their imagination and critical thinking, potentially leading to conformity and loyalty to authority.
Robert Fisk's book *Pity the Nation* focused on the Bosnian War.
Answer: False
Explanation: Robert Fisk's seminal work, *Pity the Nation: Lebanon at War*, specifically detailed the conflict in Lebanon, not the Bosnian War.
Robert Fisk's 2005 book, *The Great War for Civilisation*, focused on the historical context of the Cold War.
Answer: False
Explanation: The book *The Great War for Civilisation* critically examined Western and Israeli policies in the Middle East, rather than focusing on the Cold War.
The term 'fisking', meaning a detailed refutation, was named after Robert Fisk.
Answer: True
Explanation: The term 'fisking,' which denotes a thorough, line-by-line critique or refutation of an argument, was indeed named in honor of Robert Fisk.
The documentary *Notes to Eternity* featured Robert Fisk discussing his experiences in Vietnam.
Answer: False
Explanation: The documentary *Notes to Eternity* featured Robert Fisk alongside other intellectuals discussing the Israel-Palestine conflict, not his experiences in Vietnam.
Robert Fisk won the British Press Awards' Foreign Reporter of the Year award twice.
Answer: False
Explanation: Robert Fisk was honored with the British Press Awards' Foreign Reporter of the Year award a remarkable seven times, not twice.
The David Watt Prize awarded to Robert Fisk in 2001 was for his reporting on the Bosnian War.
Answer: False
Explanation: The David Watt Prize awarded to Robert Fisk in 2001 recognized his investigation into the Armenian Genocide, not his reporting on the Bosnian War.
Robert Fisk's television series *From Beirut To Bosnia* explored the reasons for growing Muslim animosity towards the West.
Answer: True
Explanation: The stated aim of Robert Fisk's three-part television series, *From Beirut To Bosnia*, was to investigate the underlying causes of increasing Muslim animosity towards the West.
What was the title of Robert Fisk's book specifically about the conflict in Lebanon?
Answer: *Pity the Nation: Lebanon at War*
Explanation: Robert Fisk authored the book *Pity the Nation: Lebanon at War*, which specifically chronicled the conflict in Lebanon.
What does the term 'fisking' mean, derived from Robert Fisk's name?
Answer: To conduct a detailed, line-by-line refutation of an argument.
Explanation: The term 'fisking' signifies a thorough, point-by-point refutation of an argument or text, a practice named in honor of Robert Fisk.
In the documentary *This Is Not a Movie*, what aspect of Robert Fisk's career was primarily profiled?
Answer: His journalistic career and ideas about war.
Explanation: The 2019 documentary *This Is Not a Movie* focused on profiling Robert Fisk's extensive journalistic career and his profound ideas concerning war and conflict.
How many times did Robert Fisk win the British Press Awards' Foreign Reporter of the Year award?
Answer: Seven times
Explanation: Robert Fisk received the prestigious British Press Awards' Foreign Reporter of the Year award on seven separate occasions.
For which investigation did Robert Fisk receive the David Watt Prize in 2001?
Answer: The Armenian Genocide
Explanation: In 2001, Robert Fisk was awarded the David Watt Prize for his significant investigation into the Armenian Genocide.
What was the stated aim of Robert Fisk's television series, *From Beirut To Bosnia*?
Answer: To explore the reasons for growing Muslim animosity towards the West.
Explanation: The television series *From Beirut To Bosnia*, created by Robert Fisk, aimed to investigate and elucidate the factors contributing to the increasing animosity of many Muslims towards the West.
Robert Fisk actively discouraged the Turkish government from acknowledging the Armenian Genocide.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fisk was a proponent of acknowledging the Armenian Genocide and supported efforts to encourage the Turkish government to officially recognize it.
Robert Fisk viewed the wearing of poppies for Remembrance Day as a sincere and universally respected tradition.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fisk expressed skepticism regarding the sincerity of poppy-wearing, viewing it at times as superficial, potentially racist, or a sign of foolish conformity, contrasting it with his father's disillusionment.
Robert Fisk expressed full confidence in the official narrative of the September 11th attacks.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fisk expressed concerns about inconsistencies and the 'culture of secrecy' surrounding the official narrative of the September 11th attacks, rather than full confidence.
In his reporting on the 2018 Douma chemical attack, Robert Fisk presented evidence that definitively confirmed the use of chemical weapons.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fisk's reporting on the Douma incident quoted a doctor who attributed victims' symptoms to dust and lack of oxygen, casting doubt on the chemical weapons narrative. This reporting drew criticism for potentially relying on Syrian government-provided sources.
What was Robert Fisk's position on the Armenian Genocide?
Answer: He supported the movement for the Turkish government to officially acknowledge it.
Explanation: Robert Fisk wrote extensively on the Armenian Genocide and actively supported the call for the Turkish government to formally acknowledge this historical event.
How did Robert Fisk view the practice of wearing poppies for Remembrance Day?
Answer: As potentially superficial, racist, or a sign of foolish conformity.
Explanation: Fisk expressed skepticism about the sincerity of poppy-wearers, suggesting the practice could be superficial, racist, or indicative of 'foolish conformity,' contrasting it with his father's war disillusionment.
What concern did Robert Fisk express regarding the official narrative of the September 11th attacks?
Answer: He was troubled by inconsistencies and the White House's "culture of secrecy."
Explanation: Fisk articulated concerns about 'inconsistencies in the official narrative of 9/11' and the 'culture of secrecy' within the White House, indicating a critical examination rather than full confidence.
What criticism did Robert Fisk's reporting on the 2018 Douma incident attract?
Answer: It was criticized for allegedly relying on contacts provided by the Syrian government.
Explanation: Fisk's reporting on the Douma chemical attack drew criticism, with allegations that it relied on sources connected to the Syrian government, potentially compromising its objectivity.