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Sabden is a village and civil parish located in the Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England, situated to the south of Pendle Hill.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source explicitly states that Sabden is a village and civil parish in the Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England, located south of Pendle Hill.
The entire Sabden parish covers an area of 103.2 acres, with the village itself occupying 2,450.9 acres.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the entire Sabden parish covers 2,450.9 acres, while the village area itself occupies 103.2 acres, reversing the figures presented in the statement.
Sabden is located within the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, specifically in the Forest of Pendle section.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms Sabden's location within the Forest of Pendle section of the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Sabden's staggered crossroads are 500 feet above sea level, and its location on Pendle Hill causes it to be approximately 2°C colder than Clitheroe and Whalley.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms the elevation of the crossroads and the temperature difference compared to nearby towns due to Sabden's location on Pendle Hill.
The highest point on a road in the Sabden area is Spence Moor, while the Nick of Pendle is the highest land point.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Nick of Pendle is the highest point on a road, and Spence Moor is the highest land point, reversing the information in the statement.
Badger Wells Water originates from Pendle Hill and Churn Clough Reservoir, is culverted under Whalley Road, and then merges with Sabden Brook.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source accurately describes the origin, culverting, and merging point of Badger Wells Water.
The predominant rock type in Sabden is limestone, and the soil is primarily sandy.
Answer: False
Explanation: The predominant rock type is Lancashire gritstone, and the soil is primarily clay-based, not limestone and sandy.
Sabden's population increased from 1,371 in 2001 to 1,422 in 2011, with further growth projected to 1,800–2,000 by 2012/13.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source provides these exact population figures and projections for Sabden.
In which administrative division and county is Sabden located?
Answer: Ribble Valley, Lancashire
Explanation: Sabden is a village and civil parish located in the Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England.
What is the approximate land area of the entire Sabden parish?
Answer: 2,450.9 acres
Explanation: The entire Sabden parish encompasses an area of 2,450.9 acres (991.85 hectares).
Sabden is situated within which protected landscape?
Answer: Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
Explanation: Sabden is located within the Forest of Pendle section of the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).
What is the elevation of Sabden's staggered crossroads above sea level?
Answer: 500 feet
Explanation: The staggered crossroads in Sabden are situated five hundred feet above sea level.
What is the highest point on land within the Sabden vicinity?
Answer: Spence Moor
Explanation: The highest point on land within the Sabden vicinity is Spence Moor, at 1,462 feet.
Where does Badger Wells Water originate from?
Answer: The flanks of Pendle Hill and Churn Clough Reservoir
Explanation: Badger Wells Water originates from the flanks of Pendle Hill and Churn Clough Reservoir.
What is the predominant rock type found in Sabden?
Answer: Lancashire gritstone
Explanation: The main rock type found in Sabden is Lancashire gritstone.
What was Sabden's projected population by 2012/13, following new housing developments?
Answer: Between 1,800 and 2,000
Explanation: Following new housing developments, Sabden's population was projected to increase to an estimated 1,800–2,000 by 2012/13.
The name 'Sabden' is thought to originate from a Latin term meaning 'hidden valley.'
Answer: False
Explanation: The name 'Sabden' is derived from the Old English term 'sceppe denu,' meaning 'spruce valley,' not a Latin term for 'hidden valley.'
The name 'Sapedene' was first recorded in 1296 and referred to the current village center of Sabden.
Answer: False
Explanation: While 'Sapedene' was recorded in 1296, it likely referred to Sabden Hall in Sabden Fold, not the current village center.
John of Gaunt demised Sapenden Haye (Sabden Hey) to Thomas de Radcliffe in 1387.
Answer: True
Explanation: Historical records confirm that John of Gaunt demised Sapenden Haye (Sabden Hey) to Thomas de Radcliffe in 1387.
Historical records from 1525 mention a bridge near Sabden, indicating early infrastructure.
Answer: False
Explanation: A bridge near Sabden is mentioned in records from 1425, not 1525.
Late 18th and early 19th-century maps of Lancashire, specifically Yates' 1786 and Greenwood's 1818 maps, show the area of modern-day Sabden as a single, unified settlement.
Answer: False
Explanation: These maps actually show two distinct settlements, Hey-houfes and Sabden Bridge, indicating the area was not a single unified settlement at that time.
The developing hamlet of Sabden was historically known by the names Sabden Hey and Heyhouses.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the developing hamlet was indeed known by the names Sabden Hey and Heyhouses.
From which Old English term is the name 'Sabden' believed to be derived?
Answer: 'sceppe denu'
Explanation: The name 'Sabden' is believed to be derived from the Old English term 'sceppe denu,' meaning 'spruce valley.'
When did the name 'Sapedene' first appear in records, and what did it likely refer to?
Answer: 1296, Sabden Hall in Sabden Fold
Explanation: The name 'Sapedene' appeared as early as 1296, likely referring to Sabden Hall in Sabden Fold, not the current village center.
Who demised Sapenden Haye (Sabden Hey) in 1387?
Answer: John of Gaunt to Thomas de Radcliffe
Explanation: In 1387, Sapenden Haye (Sabden Hey) was demised by John of Gaunt to Thomas de Radcliffe.
What historical evidence suggests early infrastructure near Sabden in the early 15th century?
Answer: A bridge specifically mentioned in 1425 records
Explanation: Historical records from 1425 specifically mention a bridge near Sabden, indicating early infrastructure.
What two distinct settlements did Yates' 1786 map and Greenwood's 1818 map show at the location of modern-day Sabden?
Answer: Hey-houfes and Sabden Bridge
Explanation: Late 18th and early 19th-century maps of Lancashire show two distinct settlements: Hey-houfes and Sabden Bridge.
The *Beauties of England and Wales* series in the early 19th century noted 'extensive factory and print grounds of Messrs Miller, Burys & Co' in Sabden, employing around 200 people.
Answer: False
Explanation: The *Beauties of England and Wales* series noted the factory and print grounds of Messrs Miller, Burys & Co., but stated they employed 2,000 people, not 200.
From the 16th century onwards, farming and quarrying were the primary economic activities in Sabden, with evidence of medieval cattle farm walls still present.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that farming and quarrying were the main economic activities from the 16th century, with vaccary walls serving as historical evidence.
Between the mid-18th and late 19th centuries, 'Lime gals' were used in Sabden primarily for transporting finished textiles to nearby markets.
Answer: False
Explanation: 'Lime gals' were used to transport slate, lime, and coal between Burnley and Clitheroe/Chatburn, not finished textiles.
The calico printing industry in Sabden valley ceased operations in 1951 due to declining water quality.
Answer: False
Explanation: The calico printing industry ceased operations in 1931, not 1951, and its decline was not attributed to declining water quality, but rather the industry flourished due to good water quality.
At its peak, Sabden's mill industry employed over 2,000 people, many of whom commuted daily on foot for twelve-hour shifts.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that at its peak, Sabden's seven mills employed over 2,000 people, with many commuting on foot for twelve-hour shifts.
Despite the formation of a railway company, a railway line was never successfully constructed to serve Sabden.
Answer: True
Explanation: Despite the formation of the Clitheroe, Burnley and Sabden Railway Company, a railway line was never actually built to serve the village.
The furniture making company 'Contrast' is a prominent current business in Sabden's economy.
Answer: False
Explanation: 'Contrast' was a furniture making company that *previously* operated in Sabden, implying it is not a current prominent business.
According to the *Beauties of England and Wales* series, how many employees did Messrs Miller, Burys & Co. serve in their Sabden factory in the early 19th century?
Answer: 2,000
Explanation: The *Beauties of England and Wales* series noted that Messrs Miller, Burys & Co. employed 2,000 people.
What were the main economic activities in Sabden from the 16th century onwards?
Answer: Farming and quarrying
Explanation: From the 16th century, farming and quarrying were the main economic mainstays of Sabden.
What were 'Lime gals' used for in Sabden between the mid-18th and late 19th centuries?
Answer: Transporting slate, lime, and coal
Explanation: 'Lime gals' were used to transport slate, lime, and coal between the coal fields of Burnley and the lime kilns in Clitheroe and Chatburn.
What industry flourished in the Sabden valley due to its water quality, and when did it cease operations?
Answer: Calico printing, 1931
Explanation: The calico printing industry flourished in the Sabden valley due to water quality and operated until 1931.
What was the typical working shift duration for employees in Sabden's mill industry at its peak?
Answer: Twelve hours or more
Explanation: At its peak, workers in Sabden's mill industry often worked shifts of twelve hours or more.
What was the outcome of efforts to establish a railway line to Sabden?
Answer: A railway line was never actually built to serve the village.
Explanation: Despite the formation of a railway company, a railway line was never actually built to serve Sabden.
Which of the following businesses is NOT mentioned as currently operating in Sabden's redeveloped Union Mill business center?
Answer: A furniture making company
Explanation: The redeveloped Union Mill business center hosts a telecommunications manufacturer, an avionics company, and a kitchen studio, but not a furniture making company.
What was the name of the furniture making company that previously operated in Sabden?
Answer: Contrast
Explanation: The furniture making company that previously operated in Sabden was named 'Contrast'.
Before 1904, Sabden's administrative division across multiple townships led to consistent tax rates and efficient service provision.
Answer: False
Explanation: Before 1904, Sabden's division across townships led to *disparities* in tax rates and problems with essential services, not consistency or efficiency.
The civil parish of Sabden was officially formed in 1904 after approximately six years of negotiations.
Answer: True
Explanation: The civil parish of Sabden was officially formed in 1904, following approximately six years of negotiations.
Sabden is currently represented as a multi-member ward within the Ribble Valley Borough Council.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sabden is represented as a *single member* Sabden Ward within the Ribble Valley Borough Council.
The current postcode district for Sabden is BB10.
Answer: False
Explanation: The current postcode district for Sabden is BB7, not BB10.
Before its formation as a civil parish in 1904, Sabden faced administrative difficulties due to being divided between which two townships?
Answer: Pendleton and Read
Explanation: Before 1904, Sabden was divided between the townships of Pendleton and Read, leading to administrative challenges.
When was the civil parish of Sabden officially established?
Answer: 1904
Explanation: The civil parish of Sabden was officially formed in 1904.
What is Sabden's current administrative representation within the Ribble Valley Borough Council?
Answer: A single member Sabden Ward
Explanation: Sabden is currently represented as the single member Sabden Ward within the Ribble Valley Borough Council.
What is the current postcode district for Sabden?
Answer: BB7
Explanation: The current postcode district for Sabden is BB7.
Which emergency service is NOT listed as covering the Sabden area?
Answer: Greater Manchester Police
Explanation: The emergency services covering Sabden are Lancashire Constabulary, Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service, and North West Ambulance Service. Greater Manchester Police is not listed.
What is the name of the UK Parliament constituency that includes Sabden?
Answer: Ribble Valley
Explanation: Sabden is part of the Ribble Valley UK Parliament constituency.
Social and Community Life
The Starkie family, landowners in Heyhouses from the late 18th century, were also patrons of St. Nicholas' church, built in 1841.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Starkie family were landowners in Heyhouses from at least 1787 and served as patrons of St. Nicholas' church, constructed in 1841.
Most of the houses in Sabden were built by the local government to accommodate the growing population.
Answer: False
Explanation: Many houses in Sabden were constructed by mill owners to house their workers, not primarily by the local government.
Wesley Street was formerly known as Long Row, and Badger Wells Water now runs down its rear, a change from its historical course.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms Wesley Street's former name as Long Row and the altered course of Badger Wells Water, which now runs down its rear.
In 1847, the area at the bottom of Wesley Street had numerous houses on the west side of Padiham Road and south of Whalley Road.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 1847, there were no houses on the west side of Padiham Road or to the south of Whalley Road, indicating a less developed residential area.
The buildings currently used as garages at the bottom of Wesley Street were originally the first ten 'one up, one down' back-to-back houses on the street, known as Centre Row.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that these buildings were originally the first ten 'one up, one down' back-to-back houses on Wesley Street, known as Centre Row.
Sabden has two primary schools, St Mary's RC Primary School and Sabden County Primary School, and is in the catchment for Clitheroe Royal Grammar School.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms the presence of both primary schools and the catchment area for Clitheroe Royal Grammar School.
Carey Foster, a distinguished Professor of Physics, was born in Sabden in 1835.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source identifies Carey Foster as a distinguished Professor of Physics born in Sabden in 1835.
Richard Cobden, a prominent free-trade politician, is remembered in Sabden through the naming of Cobden Farm, Cobden Mill, and Cobden Court.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Richard Cobden is remembered in Sabden through the naming of Cobden Farm, Cobden Mill, and Cobden Court.
Which family held significant landownership in Heyhouses from the late 18th century and were patrons of St. Nicholas' church?
Answer: The Starkie family
Explanation: The Starkie family were landowners in Heyhouses from at least 1787 and served as patrons of St. Nicholas' church.
Which historical public house in Sabden was previously known as the Printers Arms?
Answer: The Old Black Bull
Explanation: The Old Black Bull public house was previously known as the Printers Arms.
Who was primarily responsible for constructing many of the houses in Sabden?
Answer: Mill owners
Explanation: Many of the houses in Sabden were constructed by the mill owners to provide accommodation for their workers.
What was the original function of the buildings now serving as garages at the bottom of Wesley Street?
Answer: The first ten 'one up, one down' back-to-back houses
Explanation: The buildings now used as garages were originally the first ten 'one up, one down' back-to-back houses on Wesley Street, known as Centre Row.
Which secondary school is NOT listed as being within Sabden's catchment area?
Answer: Padiham Green Primary School
Explanation: Clitheroe Royal Grammar School, Ribblesdale High School, and St Augustine's RC High School are within Sabden's secondary catchment area. Padiham Green Primary School is a primary school and not listed as a secondary catchment.
Who was Carey Foster?
Answer: A distinguished Professor of Physics at University College London
Explanation: Carey Foster, born in Sabden, was a distinguished Professor of Physics at University College London.
How is Richard Cobden remembered in Sabden?
Answer: By the naming of Cobden Farm, Cobden Mill, and Cobden Court
Explanation: Richard Cobden is remembered in Sabden through the naming of Cobden Farm, Cobden Mill, and Cobden Court.