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The Sakai clan claimed direct lineage from Emperor Seiwa.
Answer: False
Explanation: While the Sakai clan traced its lineage back to Emperor Seiwa, this descent was established through the Nitta branch of the Minamoto clan, not as a direct imperial line.
Serata (Nitta) Arichika is recognized as the common progenitor of both the Sakai and Matsudaira clans.
Answer: True
Explanation: The historical records identify Serata (Nitta) Arichika, a figure from the 14th century, as the progenitor from whom both the Sakai and Matsudaira clans trace their ancestry.
The Sakai clan originated in the 15th century in Mikawa Province.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Sakai clan originated in Mikawa Province, but this occurred during the 14th century, not the 15th century as stated.
The name 'Sakai' was adopted by the son of Serata (Nitta) Arichika who also founded the Matsudaira clan.
Answer: False
Explanation: According to the text, Serata (Nitta) Arichika had two sons; one, Yasuchika, adopted the Matsudaira name, while the other, Chikauji, adopted the Sakai name, thereby founding the Sakai clan.
Mikawa Province was significant as the origin place of the Sakai clan.
Answer: True
Explanation: Mikawa Province holds historical significance as the region where the Sakai clan originated in the 14th century.
According to the source, what is the claimed ancestry of the Sakai clan?
Answer: Descent from the Nitta branch of the Minamoto clan.
Explanation: The source indicates that the Sakai clan claimed lineage tracing back to the Nitta branch of the Minamoto clan.
Who is identified in the text as the common ancestor of both the Sakai and Matsudaira clans?
Answer: Serata (Nitta) Arichika
Explanation: Serata (Nitta) Arichika is identified in the text as the common progenitor from whom both the Sakai and Matsudaira clans trace their lineage.
In which province did the Sakai clan originate, and in which century?
Answer: Mikawa Province, 14th century
Explanation: The Sakai clan originated in Mikawa Province during the 14th century.
How did the name 'Sakai' originate according to the text?
Answer: It was adopted by Chikauji, the son of Serata (Nitta) Arichika.
Explanation: The name 'Sakai' originated when Chikauji, a son of Serata (Nitta) Arichika, adopted this name, thereby establishing the Sakai clan.
During the Sengoku period, the Sakai clan served as chief retainers to the Oda clan.
Answer: False
Explanation: During the Sengoku period, the Sakai clan achieved prominence primarily through their service as chief retainers to Tokugawa Ieyasu, rather than to the Oda clan.
Sakai Tadatsugu, founder of the senior Sakai branch, was a vassal of Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Answer: True
Explanation: Sakai Tadatsugu, recognized as the founder of the senior Sakai branch, served as a prominent vassal to Tokugawa Ieyasu throughout his career.
Sakai Ietsugu received the honor of having the prefix 'Ie-' in his name from Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Answer: True
Explanation: Tokugawa Ieyasu bestowed the honor of adding the prefix 'Ie-' to Sakai Ietsugu's name, a gesture signifying profound loyalty and recognition.
Sakai Masachika served as a vassal to Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sakai Masachika served as a vassal to Tokugawa Nobutada, Tokugawa Kiyoyasu, and Tokugawa Hirotada, but not directly to Tokugawa Ieyasu.
During which historical period did the Sakai clan rise to prominence as chief retainers under Tokugawa Ieyasu?
Answer: Sengoku Period
Explanation: The Sakai clan achieved prominence as chief retainers under Tokugawa Ieyasu during the Sengoku period.
Who founded the senior branch of the Sakai clan?
Answer: Sakai Tadatsugu
Explanation: The senior branch of the Sakai clan was founded by Sakai Tadatsugu.
What significant role did Sakai Tadatsugu play in Mikawa Province?
Answer: He was entrusted with the defense of Yoshida Castle.
Explanation: Sakai Tadatsugu played a significant role in Mikawa Province by being entrusted with the defense of Yoshida Castle.
Which individual succeeded Sakai Tadatsugu as the defender of Yoshida Castle?
Answer: Sakai Ietsugu
Explanation: Sakai Ietsugu succeeded his father, Sakai Tadatsugu, in the crucial role of defending Yoshida Castle.
What honor did Tokugawa Ieyasu bestow upon Sakai Ietsugu?
Answer: The prefix 'Ie-' in his name.
Explanation: Tokugawa Ieyasu bestowed upon Sakai Ietsugu the honor of incorporating the prefix 'Ie-' into his name, signifying profound loyalty.
Who founded another cadet branch of the Sakai clan and served Tokugawa Hirotada?
Answer: Sakai Masachika
Explanation: Sakai Masachika founded a cadet branch of the Sakai clan and served as a vassal to Tokugawa Hirotada, among others.
Sakai Tadatsugu was responsible for defending Takasaki Domain.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sakai Tadatsugu's significant defensive role was the protection of Yoshida Castle in Mikawa Province, not Takasaki Domain.
After 1590, Sakai Ietsugu's line was primarily established in Mikawa Province.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following Tokugawa Ieyasu's relocation in 1590, Sakai Ietsugu's line was established in various domains, including Usui, Takasaki, Takada, Matsushiro, and ultimately Tsuruoka in Dewa Province, rather than being primarily based in Mikawa Province.
The Tsuruoka Sakai were patrons of the Shinsengumi police force.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Sakai clan based in Tsuruoka Domain played a significant role in the late Edo period, notably serving as patrons to the Shinsengumi police force.
A cadet branch of the Sakai clan was established at Matsumine Domain in Dewa Province in 1647.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1647, a cadet branch of the Sakai clan was established at Matsumine Domain, located within Dewa Province.
Sakai Shigetada was granted the Umayabashi Domain with a stipend of 35,000 koku in 1601.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1601, Sakai Shigetada was granted the Umayabashi Domain in Kozuke Province, which carried a stipend of 35,000 koku.
The Sakai clan branch holding Himeji Domain was established in the 18th century.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Sakai clan branch that later held Himeji Domain was initially created in 1590, although its transfer to Himeji Domain occurred in the 18th century (1749).
Katsuyama Domain, held by a Sakai cadet branch, provided a stipend of 12,000 koku.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Katsuyama Domain, which housed a cadet branch of the Sakai clan, provided a stipend equivalent to 12,000 koku.
Isezaki Domain, held by a Sakai cadet branch, had a stipend of 20,000 koku.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Isezaki Domain, managed by a cadet branch of the Sakai clan, was associated with a stipend of 20,000 koku.
Sakai Tadatoshi initially received the Tanaka Domain in Suruga Province.
Answer: True
Explanation: Sakai Tadatoshi was initially granted the Tanaka Domain, located in Suruga Province, which came with a stipend of 10,000 koku.
Sakai Tadakatsu was installed at Obama Domain with a stipend of approximately 10,000 koku.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sakai Tadakatsu was installed at Obama Domain, which provided a substantial stipend of 103,500 koku, not approximately 10,000 koku.
Tsuruga Domain, held by a Sakai cadet branch, provided a stipend of 10,000 koku.
Answer: True
Explanation: A cadet branch of the Sakai clan, established at Tsuruga Domain, managed a domain that provided a stipend of 10,000 koku.
The Sakai of Tsuruoka Domain were responsible for the safety of Osaka.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Sakai clan of Tsuruoka Domain held responsibility for the safety of Edo, not Osaka.
Sakai Tadamochi served as the 21st Kyoto shoshidai.
Answer: True
Explanation: Sakai Tadamochi held the significant administrative post of the 21st Kyoto shoshidai.
Sakai Tadayuki and Sakai Tadaaki both held the position of Kyoto shoshidai.
Answer: True
Explanation: Both Sakai Tadayuki and Sakai Tadaaki (also known as Sakai Tadayoshi) held the position of Kyoto shoshidai during different periods.
The Kyoto shoshidai was responsible for overseeing affairs in the imperial capital, Kyoto.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Kyoto shoshidai served as the Tokugawa shogunate's appointee responsible for overseeing administrative and political matters within the imperial capital, Kyoto.
Sakai Tadakatsu (1587–1662) was installed at Obama Domain, which had a stipend of 103,500 koku.
Answer: True
Explanation: Sakai Tadakatsu (1587–1662) was indeed installed at Obama Domain, a domain associated with a stipend of 103,500 koku.
Following Tokugawa Ieyasu's move to the Kantō region in 1590, where was Sakai Ietsugu initially installed?
Answer: Usui Domain (Kozuke Province)
Explanation: After Tokugawa Ieyasu relocated to the Kantō region in 1590, Sakai Ietsugu was initially installed at Usui Domain in Kozuke Province.
Which Sakai clan branch was significant in the late Edo period for defending Edo and patronizing the Shinsengumi?
Answer: The Sakai of Tsuruoka Domain
Explanation: The Sakai clan based in Tsuruoka Domain held significant responsibility in the late Edo period, including the defense of Edo and patronage of the Shinsengumi.
A cadet branch of the Sakai clan was established at Matsumine Domain in which province?
Answer: Dewa Province
Explanation: A cadet branch of the Sakai clan was established at Matsumine Domain, located within Dewa Province.
Sakai Shigetada received the Kawagoe Domain with a stipend of 15,000 koku in which province?
Answer: Musashi Province
Explanation: Sakai Shigetada received the Kawagoe Domain, located in Musashi Province, which carried a stipend of 15,000 koku.
When was the Sakai clan branch that later held Himeji Domain initially created?
Answer: 1590
Explanation: The Sakai clan branch that eventually held Himeji Domain was initially created in the year 1590.
What was the stipend provided by Katsuyama Domain to the Sakai cadet branch established there?
Answer: 12,000 koku
Explanation: The Katsuyama Domain, where a Sakai cadet branch was established, provided a stipend of 12,000 koku.
Which province contained the Isezaki Domain held by a Sakai clan branch?
Answer: Kozuke Province
Explanation: The Isezaki Domain, managed by a Sakai clan branch, was located in Kozuke Province.
Sakai Tadatoshi was later transferred to Kawagoe Domain in Musashi Province with what stipend?
Answer: 30,000 koku
Explanation: Sakai Tadatoshi was later transferred to Kawagoe Domain in Musashi Province, which carried a stipend of 30,000 koku.
What was the stipend of the Obama Domain held by Sakai Tadakatsu's line?
Answer: 103,500 koku
Explanation: The Obama Domain, held by Sakai Tadakatsu's line, provided a stipend of 103,500 koku.
Which of the following positions did Sakai Tadamochi hold?
Answer: Kyoto shoshidai
Explanation: Sakai Tadamochi held the position of Kyoto shoshidai.
Which Sakai clan branch was responsible for the safety of Edo and patronized the Shinsengumi?
Answer: The Sakai of Tsuruoka Domain
Explanation: The Sakai clan branch based in Tsuruoka Domain was responsible for the safety of Edo and served as patrons to the Shinsengumi.
In the Edo period, the Sakai clan was classified as a 'tozama' family, signifying their outsider status.
Answer: False
Explanation: During the Edo period, the Sakai clan was classified as a 'fudai' family, signifying their hereditary loyalty and established position within the Tokugawa shogunate, rather than being classified as 'tozama' (outsider) clans.
The head of the Tsuruoka Sakai clan line was ennobled as a Viscount during the Meiji period.
Answer: False
Explanation: During the Meiji period, the head of the Tsuruoka Sakai clan line was ennobled as a Count, not a Viscount.
The head of the Matsumine Domain Sakai cadet branch was ennobled as a Count in the Meiji period.
Answer: False
Explanation: The head of the Sakai cadet branch at Matsumine Domain received the noble title of Viscount during the Meiji period, not Count.
The head of the Himeji Domain Sakai branch was ennobled as a Viscount during the Meiji period.
Answer: False
Explanation: The head of the Sakai clan line holding Himeji Domain was ennobled as a Count during the Meiji period, not a Viscount.
The head of the Katsuyama Domain Sakai branch received the title of Count.
Answer: False
Explanation: The head of the Sakai clan line at Katsuyama Domain was ennobled as a Viscount during the Meiji period, not a Count.
The head of the Obama Domain Sakai branch was ennobled as a Viscount in the Meiji period.
Answer: False
Explanation: The head of the Sakai clan line associated with Obama Domain was ennobled as a Count during the Meiji period, not a Viscount.
The status of 'fudai' meant the Sakai clan had hereditary loyalty to the Tokugawa shogunate.
Answer: True
Explanation: The classification of 'fudai' signified that the Sakai clan, as hereditary vassals, maintained a position of established loyalty to the Tokugawa shogunate.
Sakai Tadasuke was ennobled as a Count during the Meiji era.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sakai Tadasuke was ennobled as a Viscount during the Meiji era, not a Count.
Fudai clans were lords who submitted to the Tokugawa shogunate only after the Battle of Sekigahara.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fudai clans were hereditary vassals who had long-standing loyalty to the Tokugawa shogunate, predating the Battle of Sekigahara, unlike tozama clans.
What classification did the Sakai clan receive during the Edo period, and what did it signify?
Answer: Fudai; signifying hereditary loyalty and established position.
Explanation: During the Edo period, the Sakai clan was classified as 'fudai,' a designation signifying their hereditary loyalty and established position within the Tokugawa shogunate's hierarchy.
What noble title was conferred upon the head of the Tsuruoka Sakai clan line during the Meiji period?
Answer: Count
Explanation: During the Meiji period, the head of the Tsuruoka Sakai clan line was conferred the noble title of Count.
What noble title was given to the head of the Matsumine Domain Sakai cadet branch in the Meiji period?
Answer: Viscount
Explanation: The head of the Sakai cadet branch at Matsumine Domain was ennobled as a Viscount during the Meiji period.
What noble title was conferred upon the head of the Himeji Domain Sakai branch in the Meiji period?
Answer: Count
Explanation: The head of the Sakai clan line associated with Himeji Domain was conferred the noble title of Count during the Meiji period.
The Sakai clan's emblem (mon) was described as 'sankakubana'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The emblem (mon) associated with the Sakai clan is described as 'maru ni kenkatabami,' not 'sankakubana'.
The Japanese name for the Sakai clan is written as 坂井氏.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Japanese name for the Sakai clan is indeed written as 坂井氏 (among other variations), romanized as Sakai-shi.
In 1868, the Sakai clan of Tsuruoka signed a pact forming the Satchō Alliance.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 1868, the Sakai clan of Tsuruoka signed a pact forming the Ōetsu Reppan Dōmei alliance, not the Satchō Alliance.
Sakai Tadashige served as a Wakadoshiyori in the late Tokugawa shogunate.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sakai Tadashige served as a Rōjū and Tairō, while Sakai Tadasuke held the position of Wakadoshiyori.
The term 'koku' refers to a unit of land area used for samurai stipends.
Answer: False
Explanation: The term 'koku' represents a unit of rice volume, used to indicate the domain's annual yield and economic value, rather than a unit of land area.
Rōjū were junior councilors assisting the Shogun.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Rōjū constituted the senior councilors of the shogunate, holding the highest administrative authority, whereas the Wakadoshiyori served as junior councilors.
The Japanese term 'mon' refers to a samurai's sword.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Japanese term 'mon' refers to a clan's emblem or crest, not to a samurai's sword.
The Ōetsu Reppan Dōmei was an alliance formed by domains in northern Japan during the Boshin War.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Ōetsu Reppan Dōmei was indeed a military alliance established in 1868 by domains in northern Japan during the Boshin War.
The Meiji period marked the end of the Tokugawa shogunate and led to rapid modernization.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Meiji period is characterized by the conclusion of the Tokugawa shogunate and the subsequent era of rapid modernization and westernization in Japan.
What is the Japanese term for the emblem or crest used by the Sakai clan?
Answer: Mon
Explanation: The Japanese term for an emblem or crest, such as that used by the Sakai clan, is 'mon'.
The Sakai clan's emblem is described in the article as:
Answer: Maru ni kenkatabami
Explanation: The emblem (mon) of the Sakai clan is described as 'maru ni kenkatabami'.
What does the term 'koku' represent in the context of Japanese domains?
Answer: A unit of rice volume, indicating domain yield/value.
Explanation: In the context of Japanese domains, the term 'koku' represents a unit of rice volume, signifying the domain's annual yield and economic value.
What was the purpose of the Ōetsu Reppan Dōmei alliance formed in 1868?
Answer: To resist imperial forces during the Boshin War.
Explanation: The Ōetsu Reppan Dōmei alliance was formed in 1868 to resist imperial forces during the Boshin War.
What historical event marked the end of the Tokugawa shogunate and the beginning of rapid modernization in Japan?
Answer: The Meiji Restoration
Explanation: The Meiji Restoration marked the end of the Tokugawa shogunate and initiated an era of rapid modernization in Japan.