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Salekhard's location is precisely on the geographic line of the Arctic Circle.
Answer: False
Explanation: Salekhard is uniquely situated on the Arctic Circle; its town center lies approximately one kilometer south of the circle, with its northern suburbs extending beyond it.
The Ob River freezes for only 2-3 months annually, making Salekhard accessible year-round by ferry.
Answer: False
Explanation: For nine to ten months annually, the Ob River freezes, permitting vehicular traffic on the ice. However, during the spring and fall ice-floating periods, Salekhard may experience isolation for freight transport, with helicopter services being the only alternative in emergencies.
Salekhard experiences a tropical monsoon climate (Am) according to the Köppen system.
Answer: False
Explanation: Salekhard experiences a subarctic climate, classified as Dfc under the Köppen climate classification system.
The record low temperature ever recorded in Salekhard is -30.5 degrees Celsius.
Answer: False
Explanation: The record low temperature documented in Salekhard is -53.7 degrees Celsius (-64.7 degrees Fahrenheit).
Salekhard receives an average annual precipitation of approximately 100 millimeters.
Answer: False
Explanation: Salekhard receives an average annual precipitation of 476 millimeters (18.7 inches).
Snowfall is a rare occurrence in Salekhard, with fewer than 50 days of snow per year on average.
Answer: False
Explanation: Salekhard typically experiences an average of 191 days with snowfall annually.
The average relative humidity in Salekhard is typically below 50%.
Answer: False
Explanation: The average relative humidity in Salekhard approximates 80%.
Salekhard receives a high number of sunshine hours annually, exceeding 3,000 hours.
Answer: False
Explanation: Salekhard receives an average of 1,562 hours of sunshine annually.
Which unique geographical feature defines Salekhard's location?
Answer: Its town center is located approximately 1 kilometer south of the Arctic Circle.
Explanation: Salekhard is uniquely situated on the Arctic Circle; its town center lies approximately one kilometer south of the circle, with its northern suburbs extending beyond it.
How does the seasonal freezing of the Ob River impact transportation to and from Salekhard?
Answer: It enables vehicle traffic on the ice for 9-10 months but can cause isolation during ice floating periods.
Explanation: For nine to ten months annually, the Ob River freezes, permitting vehicular traffic on the ice. However, during the spring and fall ice-floating periods, Salekhard may experience isolation for freight transport, with helicopter services being the only alternative in emergencies.
What is Salekhard's climate classification according to the Köppen system?
Answer: Dfc (Subarctic climate)
Explanation: Salekhard experiences a subarctic climate, classified as Dfc under the Köppen climate classification system.
What is the record low temperature ever recorded in Salekhard?
Answer: -53.7 degrees Celsius
Explanation: The record low temperature documented in Salekhard is -53.7 degrees Celsius (-64.7 degrees Fahrenheit).
What is the approximate land area covered by Salekhard?
Answer: 84.50 square kilometers
Explanation: Salekhard encompasses a total area of 84.50 square kilometers (32.63 square miles).
Which of the following statements accurately describes Salekhard's climate, according to the provided source material?
Answer: It experiences short, mild summers and extremely cold winters with moderate precipitation.
Explanation: Salekhard is characterized by short, mild summers and extremely cold winters, accompanied by moderate precipitation, which tends to be higher during the summer months.
The city of Salekhard was originally named Novodonsk.
Answer: False
Explanation: The historical name for Salekhard was Obdorsk.
Salekhard was founded in 1595 as the trading post Obdorsk.
Answer: True
Explanation: The city was founded in 1595 under the name Obdorsk, on the site of a pre-existing Khanty settlement.
The site where Salekhard was founded was originally a settlement belonging to the Nenets people.
Answer: False
Explanation: The settlement of Salekhard was founded on the site of a Khanty settlement named Polnovat-Vozh.
Salekhard historically served as a place of exile for notable figures, including Vladimir Lenin.
Answer: False
Explanation: During both the Tsarist and Soviet eras, Salekhard functioned as a place of exile for notable individuals, such as Pyotr Verigin and Leon Trotsky, but not Vladimir Lenin.
During the Tsarist and Soviet periods, prisoners in Salekhard were primarily engaged in coal mining.
Answer: False
Explanation: Prisoners were employed as forced labor at the Salekhard port for cargo handling and were involved in the polishing of diamonds mined from the Mir mine, not primarily coal mining.
What was Salekhard's name before it was known as Salekhard?
Answer: Obdorsk
Explanation: The historical name for Salekhard was Obdorsk.
In what year was Salekhard founded, and what was its original name?
Answer: 1595, Obdorsk
Explanation: The city was founded in 1595 under the name Obdorsk, on the site of a pre-existing Khanty settlement.
Salekhard served as a place of exile for which notable historical figure?
Answer: Leon Trotsky
Explanation: During both the Tsarist and Soviet eras, Salekhard functioned as a place of exile for notable individuals, such as Pyotr Verigin and Leon Trotsky.
What task were prisoners involved in during the Tsarist and Soviet eras in Salekhard, according to the source?
Answer: Polishing diamonds mined from the Mir mine.
Explanation: Prisoners were employed as forced labor at the Salekhard port for cargo handling. Additionally, an estimated 5,000 prisoners were involved in the polishing of diamonds extracted from the Mir mine.
The name "Obdorsk," the former name of Salekhard, is believed to derive from what source?
Answer: The Ob River.
Explanation: The town's name, Obdorsk, is widely believed to derive from the Ob River, upon which it is situated.
The Salekhard-Igarka Railway project, initiated between 1949 and 1953, was successfully completed and remains a vital transport link today.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Salekhard-Igarka Railway project was an ambitious undertaking to extend a rail line to Igarka; however, it resulted in the tragic loss of thousands of Gulag prisoners and was ultimately abandoned.
In 2014, Salekhard completed the installation of a new high-speed rail connection to Moscow.
Answer: False
Explanation: In April 2014, Salekhard saw the completion of the Nadym-Salekhard optical internet line, not a high-speed rail connection to Moscow.
Salekhard is a significant river port located on the Volga River.
Answer: False
Explanation: Salekhard functions as a vital river port situated within the Ob River valley, playing a crucial role in transportation for the Russian Far North, not on the Volga River.
The closest railway station to Salekhard is located within the city itself.
Answer: False
Explanation: The nearest railway station to Salekhard is located in Labytnangi, situated twenty kilometers northwest of Salekhard on the opposite bank of the Ob River.
The Northern Latitudinal Railway project aims to connect Salekhard to the Trans-Siberian Railway.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Northern Latitudinal Railway project is designed to integrate Salekhard into the broader Russian railway network, establishing connections to the Konosha-Vorkuta line and other regions of European Russia, not directly to the Trans-Siberian Railway.
The construction of the Salekhard Bridge is estimated to cost approximately 10 billion rubles.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Salekhard Bridge project, encompassing both railway and road components across the Ob River, is projected to incur a cost of 60 billion rubles.
The Salekhard-Igarka Railway project, initiated between 1949 and 1953, is primarily remembered for what outcome?
Answer: Its failure and the associated deaths of thousands of Gulag prisoners.
Explanation: The Salekhard-Igarka Railway project was an ambitious undertaking to extend a rail line to Igarka; however, it resulted in the tragic loss of thousands of Gulag prisoners and was ultimately abandoned.
What significant technological infrastructure project was completed in Salekhard in April 2014?
Answer: The Nadym-Salekhard optical internet line.
Explanation: In April 2014, Rostelecom completed the final segment of the Nadym-Salekhard optical internet line, a project spanning nearly 3,500 kilometers.
Salekhard's location on which river makes it an important river port for the Russian Far North?
Answer: Ob River
Explanation: Salekhard functions as a vital river port situated within the Ob River valley, playing a crucial role in transportation for the Russian Far North, not on the Volga River.
Where is the nearest railway station located relative to Salekhard?
Answer: In Labytnangi, 20 kilometers northwest across the Ob River.
Explanation: The nearest railway station to Salekhard is located in Labytnangi, situated twenty kilometers northwest of Salekhard on the opposite bank of the Ob River.
What is the estimated cost for the construction of the Salekhard Bridge, encompassing both railway and road components?
Answer: 60 billion rubles
Explanation: The Salekhard Bridge project, encompassing both railway and road components across the Ob River, is projected to incur a cost of 60 billion rubles.
Salekhard functions as the administrative center for the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
Answer: True
Explanation: Salekhard serves as the administrative center of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, a federal subject of the Russian Federation.
Salekhard hosted the Arctic Council Ministerial Meeting in the year 2014.
Answer: False
Explanation: Salekhard hosted the Arctic Council Ministerial Meeting in October 2006, not 2014.
Salekhard is administratively classified as a rural district within Russia.
Answer: False
Explanation: Within Russia's administrative division framework, Salekhard is designated as a town of okrug significance, affording it an administrative status equivalent to that of a district.
Within Russia's municipal division system, Salekhard forms part of the larger Yamal Urban Okrug.
Answer: False
Explanation: Within the municipal division system, Salekhard is incorporated as the Salekhard Urban Okrug, not as part of a larger Yamal Urban Okrug.
What is the primary administrative role of Salekhard?
Answer: It functions as the administrative center of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
Explanation: Salekhard functions as the administrative center of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, a federal subject of the Russian Federation.
In what year did Salekhard host the Arctic Council Ministerial Meeting?
Answer: 2006
Explanation: Salekhard hosted the Arctic Council Ministerial Meeting in October 2006, not 2014.
How is Salekhard classified within Russia's administrative division system?
Answer: As a town of okrug significance.
Explanation: Within Russia's administrative division framework, Salekhard is designated as a town of okrug significance, affording it an administrative status equivalent to that of a district.
According to the 2021 Census, Russians constituted the largest ethnic group in Salekhard, comprising over 70% of the population.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 2021 census reported the ethnic composition of Salekhard as 66.3% Russian, not over 70%.
Salekhard's population has remained relatively stable since its founding in 1595.
Answer: False
Explanation: Salekhard's population has experienced substantial growth, increasing from 1,249 in 1897 to 47,910 in 2021, with notable expansion during the mid-20th century.
Yamal Airlines, a major international carrier, is headquartered in Salekhard.
Answer: False
Explanation: Yamal Airlines, a regional carrier, maintains its head office in Salekhard.
The primary economic activities in Salekhard are oil extraction and natural gas processing.
Answer: False
Explanation: The principal economic activities and employment sectors for Salekhard's residents encompass reindeer herding, fishing, and a range of service industries, not primarily oil extraction and natural gas processing.
The gallery associated with Salekhard includes images of the city's flag, coat of arms, and the Gazprom office.
Answer: True
Explanation: The gallery features images of various landmarks, including the city's flag and coat of arms, and the Gazprom office, among other points of interest.
According to the 2021 Census, what was the approximate percentage of Russians in Salekhard's population?
Answer: 66.3%
Explanation: The 2021 census reported the ethnic composition of Salekhard as 66.3% Russian, not over 70%.
Which of the following is listed as a primary economic activity or employment sector in Salekhard?
Answer: Reindeer herding and fishing.
Explanation: The principal economic activities and employment sectors for Salekhard's residents encompass reindeer herding, fishing, and a range of service industries, not primarily oil extraction and natural gas processing.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a landmark or point of interest depicted in the gallery related to Salekhard?
Answer: A large shopping mall named "Arctic Plaza"
Explanation: The gallery features images of various landmarks, including the city's flag and coat of arms, and the Gazprom office, among other points of interest, but does not mention a large shopping mall named "Arctic Plaza".
Which Russian town is Salekhard twinned with?
Answer: Azov
Explanation: Salekhard shares a twinning relationship with the town of Azov, situated in the Rostov Oblast of Russia.
What is the Khanty language name for Salekhard?
Answer: Pułñawat
Explanation: The Khanty designation for Salekhard is "Puӆнаӽат" (Pułñawat).
What is the Nenets language name for Salekhard?
Answer: Saljaħ harad
Explanation: The Nenets designation for Salekhard is "Saljaӝ харад" (Saljaħ harad).
What was the population of Salekhard according to the 2010 Census?
Answer: 42,544
Explanation: The 2010 Census recorded the population of Salekhard at 42,544.
The 2016 anthrax outbreak near Salekhard was caused by the thawing of permafrost releasing ancient viruses.
Answer: True
Explanation: Unusually high summer temperatures in 2016 led to the thawing of permafrost near Salekhard, releasing anthrax spores from frozen carcasses. This contagion subsequently affected reindeer herds and local human populations.
A major polar resort was completed and opened near Salekhard's airport by 2015.
Answer: False
Explanation: By 2015, plans were underway for the construction of a significant polar resort, designated the "Center of the Arctic tourism," situated approximately three kilometers from the airport and in proximity to the Arctic Circle, but it was not completed by that year.
What environmental and health crisis occurred near Salekhard in the summer of 2016?
Answer: An outbreak of anthrax linked to thawing permafrost.
Explanation: Unusually high summer temperatures in 2016 led to the thawing of permafrost near Salekhard, releasing anthrax spores from frozen carcasses. This contagion subsequently affected reindeer herds and local human populations.
What tourism-related development was planned near Salekhard by 2015?
Answer: A major polar resort named "Center of the Arctic tourism".
Explanation: By 2015, plans were underway for the construction of a significant polar resort, designated the "Center of the Arctic tourism," situated approximately three kilometers from the airport and in proximity to the Arctic Circle, but it was not completed by that year.
What is the postal code assigned to Salekhard?
Answer: 629000
Explanation: The postal code designated for Salekhard is 629000.
Salekhard observes which time zone?
Answer: UTC+5 (Moscow Standard Time plus 2 hours)
Explanation: Salekhard observes UTC+5, also designated as Moscow Standard Time plus 2 hours (MSK+2).