Explanation: This assertion is factually inaccurate. *Sanatana Dharma* denotes the eternal duties applicable to all adherents of Hinduism, rather than being exclusively confined to the responsibilities of the Kshatriya (warrior) class.

Explanation: The literal translation of "Sanatana Dharma" from Sanskrit is approximately "eternal law" or "eternal way," not "new way."

Explanation: The term "Dharma" originates from the Sanskrit root "dhṛ," which signifies "to sustain" or "to uphold," rather than "to destroy."

Explanation: This description pertains to *Varnashrama-dharma* (or Svadharma), which refers to duties specific to an individual's class and stage of life. *Sanatana-dharma*, conversely, refers to universal, eternal duties based on one's spiritual identity.

Explanation: The text indicates that one's specific duties according to their *varna* (social class) and stage of life (*Varnashrama-dharma*) should take precedence when they conflict with *Sanatana-dharma*.

Explanation: The text identifies the eternal and intrinsic inclination of the living entity, according to *sanatana-dharma*, as the performance of *seva* (service), not the accumulation of wealth.

Explanation: The concept of *Sanatana-dharma* is presented as representing universal and axiomatic laws that are considered transcendental and not contingent upon transient belief systems.

Explanation: The Pali term *Dhammo Sanātano* is the direct equivalent of the Sanskrit term *Sanatana Dharma* and carries the same meaning of "eternal law" or "eternal way."

Explanation: The primary meaning of "Sanatana Dharma" is the eternal set of duties and religiously prescribed practices that are universally incumbent upon all adherents of Hinduism, irrespective of their social standing or specific beliefs.

Explanation: The word "Dharma" originates from the Sanskrit root "dhṛ," which signifies "to sustain." This implies that dharma is that which upholds and supports existence, referring to intrinsic duties and principles.

Explanation: *Sanatana-dharma* refers to the universal and eternal duties that are based on the inherent spiritual identity (*atman*) of an individual, transcending specific social classes or life stages.

Explanation: Practicing virtues such as honesty and mercy are cited as examples of universal duties inherent to *Sanatana-dharma*, applicable to all individuals regardless of their specific social or life circumstances.

Explanation: The text suggests that *Varnashrama-dharma* (one's specific duties) should take precedence when it conflicts with *Sanatana-dharma* (universal duties), citing the example of a warrior's duty in the *Bhagavad Gita*.

Explanation: According to the principles of *sanatana-dharma*, the eternal and intrinsic inclination of the living entity (*atman*) is to engage in *seva*, which translates to service.

Explanation: The Pali term *Dhammo Sanātano* is the equivalent of the Sanskrit *Sanatana Dharma* and signifies "eternal law" or "eternal way."

Explanation: The statement is incorrect. The Hindu Trimurti comprises the principal deities Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva, representing creation, preservation, and destruction, respectively. Ganesha, while a significant deity, is not part of the Trimurti.

Explanation: In Hindu philosophy, Brahman represents the Absolute Reality or the ultimate, unchanging principle, while the individual soul or self is referred to as *Atman*.

Explanation: Maya (illusion), Samsara (cycle of birth and rebirth), and Karma (action and consequence) are indeed fundamental concepts that are intricately linked to the pursuit of liberation (*moksha*) in Hindu philosophy.

Explanation: The *Guṇas* (Sattva, Rajas, Tamas) are not deities but rather fundamental qualities or modes of nature that influence the characteristics and actions of beings within the cosmos.

Explanation: The Trimurti, a fundamental concept in Hinduism, comprises the principal deities Brahma (the creator), Vishnu (the preserver), and Shiva (the destroyer).

Explanation: Brahman is understood in Hindu philosophy as the Absolute Reality, the supreme, unchanging, and all-pervading principle that is the source and substratum of all existence.

Explanation: *Maya* refers to the cosmic illusion or phenomenal world that obscures the true nature of reality (Brahman) and the self (*Atman*), thus keeping beings bound to Samsara.

Explanation: The *Guṇas* are the three fundamental modes or qualities of nature (Sattva, Rajas, Tamas) that influence the characteristics, actions, and experiences of all beings.

Explanation: The six orthodox (*Āstika*) philosophical schools of Hinduism are Samkhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Mimamsa, and Vedanta. Buddhism is considered an *nastika* (heterodox) school.

Explanation: The *Om* symbol is a sacred icon in Hinduism, widely understood to represent the primordial sound from which the universe emanates and the ultimate reality (Brahman).

Explanation: This statement accurately identifies the four *Puruṣārthas* (goals of human life) in Hinduism: Dharma (righteousness), Artha (prosperity), Kama (desire/pleasure), and Moksha (liberation).

Explanation: The four traditional *Āśramas* (stages of life) are Brahmacharya (student life), Gṛhastha (householder life), Vānaprastha (retired life), and Sannyasa (renounced life). The life of a warrior is associated with *Varna*, not *Ashrama*.

Explanation: Karma yoga is the path of liberation through selfless action. The path of liberation through knowledge is known as Jnana yoga.

Explanation: The four *Puruṣārthas* are Dharma, Artha, Kama, and Moksha. Nirvana is a concept primarily associated with Buddhism and Jainism, though it shares similarities with Moksha.

Explanation: The four *Āśramas* are Brahmacharya (student life), Gṛhastha (householder life), Vānaprastha (retired life), and Sannyasa (renounced life).

Explanation: Bhakti yoga, the path of devotion, is primarily associated with achieving liberation (*moksha*) through love and surrender to a chosen deity.

Explanation: The phrase *dharma sanātana* is indeed found in classical Sanskrit literature, specifically cited in the *Manusmrti* and the *Bhagavata Purana*.

Explanation: While the Vedas contain hymns and prayers (Samhitas), the *Upanishads* are primarily known for their profound philosophical and metaphysical teachings concerning Brahman and Atman.

Explanation: The *Vedangas* constitute six auxiliary disciplines essential for the proper understanding and recitation of Vedic texts, encompassing fields such as phonetics, meter, grammar, etymology, ritual, and astronomy.

Explanation: The two major Hindu epics mentioned in the text are the *Ramayana* and the *Mahabharata*. The *Bhagavata Purana* is a significant Purana, not an epic.

Explanation: The phrase *dharma sanātana* is documented in classical Sanskrit literature, specifically appearing in the *Manusmrti* and the *Bhagavata Purana*.

Explanation: The *Upanishads* are recognized as the philosophical and speculative portions of the Vedas, delving deeply into concepts such as Brahman (Ultimate Reality) and Atman (the Self).

Explanation: The four main divisions of the Vedas are the Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, and Atharvaveda. The Puranas are a separate genre of Hindu literature.

Explanation: The *Vedangas* are six auxiliary disciplines that aid in the understanding and interpretation of the Vedas, covering areas such as phonetics, meter, grammar, etymology, ritual, and astronomy.

Explanation: The two principal Hindu epics discussed in the text are the *Ramayana* and the *Mahabharata*.

Explanation: Ayurveda is recognized as an *Upaveda*, a subsidiary Vedic text, specifically concerned with the science of life and medicine.

Explanation: Honesty, mercy, and generosity are cited as examples of universal duties associated with *Sanatana-dharma*, not specifically with *Varnashrama-dharma*, which pertains to class- and stage-of-life-specific duties.

Explanation: *Ahimsa* is a core ethical principle in Hinduism that signifies non-violence or non-injury towards all living beings. It is distinct from adherence to caste rules.

Explanation: *Ahimsa* is a paramount ethical principle in Hinduism, signifying the practice of non-violence and non-injury towards all sentient beings, encompassing thoughts, words, and deeds.

Explanation: The traditional Hindu social system is structured around four main *Varnas*: Brahmin (priests and scholars), Kshatriya (warriors and rulers), Vaishya (merchants and farmers), and Shudra (laborers and service providers).

Explanation: *Dvija*, meaning "twice-born," refers to members of the upper three *Varnas* (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya) who undergo an initiation ceremony (Upanayana) and are considered spiritually reborn.

Explanation: While ritualistic sacrifices involving offerings into a sacred fire are known as *Yajna* or *Homa*, *Puja* refers to a central form of worship that involves various rituals, offerings, and devotion to deities, typically performed in homes or temples.

Explanation: *Puja* is a fundamental aspect of Hindu worship, involving a series of rituals, prayers, and offerings made to deities, typically performed in domestic shrines or temples.

Explanation: The revival of the term "Sanatana Dharma" in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was primarily motivated by a desire to counter the influence of Christian missionaries and avoid the exonym "Hindu," rather than to align with Western philosophical concepts.

Explanation: In contemporary usage, the term "Sanatana Dharma" is primarily and exclusively associated with Hinduism.

Explanation: The term "sanatana dharma" is frequently employed today to signify a "traditional" or "eternalist" perspective, often in contrast to more progressive or reformist movements within Hinduism.

Explanation: The text suggests that *Sanatana Dharma* is viewed by some as inherently inclusive and adaptable, rather than rigid and exclusive, capable of incorporating diverse knowledge.

Explanation: Historical accounts indicate that competition between traditionalists (Sanatanis) and reformist groups has indeed caused significant divisions within Hindu society, as exemplified by schisms observed in communities like South African Hindus.

Explanation: The Arya Samaj is characterized as a reformist and revivalist movement that actively opposed traditional idol worship, which is a practice found in certain streams of Sanatana Dharma.

Explanation: Orthodox Hindu groups, referred to as Sanatanis, actively engaged in counter-reform efforts. Organizations such as the Sanatana Dharma Rakshini Sabha were established to propagate orthodox beliefs in response to reformist movements.

Explanation: The term "Sanatanis" refers to those who identify as followers of the 'eternal dharma' (*Sanatana Dharma*). While the *Bhagavad Gita* is a central text, the term "Sanatanis" is not exclusive to its followers but rather to adherents of the broader traditional Hindu path.

Explanation: A significant motivation behind the revival of "Sanatana Dharma" was to provide a self-designated term for Hindu traditions, thereby countering the use of the exonym "Hindu" and addressing the proselytizing efforts of Christian missionaries.

Explanation: In contemporary discourse, "sanatana dharma" is frequently utilized to underscore a traditional or "eternalist" perspective, often serving to differentiate it from reformist or socio-political interpretations of Hinduism.

Explanation: Traditionalists known as Sanatanis have historically competed for adherents with various reformist movements, including the Arya Samaj and Radha Soamis, leading to notable divisions within Hindu society.

Explanation: The Arya Samaj is characterized as a reformist and revivalist movement that actively opposed idol worship and sought to reform Hindu practices, diverging from traditional Sanatana Dharma in certain aspects.