Explanation: The Second National Government was commonly known as the Holyoake Government, named after its Prime Minister, Keith Holyoake, not the Kirk Government.

Explanation: The Second National Government was a conservative administration focused on maintaining economic prosperity and stability, not on radical economic reforms.

Explanation: The Second National Government held office for 12 years, from 12 December 1960 until 8 December 1972.

Explanation: The Second National Government was formed by the New Zealand National Party, not the Labour Party.

Explanation: The Second National Government was commonly known as the Holyoake Government, named after its long-serving Prime Minister, Keith Holyoake.

Explanation: As a conservative administration, the primary objective of the Second National Government was to maintain the economic prosperity and overall stability that characterized the early 1960s in New Zealand.

Explanation: The Second National Government held office from 12 December 1960 until 8 December 1972, a total of 12 years.

Explanation: The Second National Government was formed by the New Zealand National Party.

Explanation: The Second National Government's economic policy included relaxing compulsory unionism, not strengthening it.

Explanation: The Second National Government successfully negotiated continued access for New Zealand to UK markets after the UK joined the European Economic Community.

Explanation: Family maintenance allowances were introduced by the Second National Government in 1968, not 1970.

Explanation: Following a referendum on 23 September 1967, bar closing times were extended from 6pm to 10pm, with the change taking effect on 9 October 1967.

Explanation: In 1968, the emergency benefit was systematized into a discretionary Domestic Purposes Benefit; it was later replaced by a statutory Domestic Purposes Benefit in 1973.

Explanation: In 1969, the general medical services benefit was increased for beneficiaries, and a specialist benefit was introduced.

Explanation: The rural incentives scheme for doctors was indeed introduced in 1969 by the Second National Government to address healthcare disparities in less populated areas.

Explanation: In 1971, the government simplified the process of income abatement on benefits, which reduces benefits based on other income, to streamline the welfare system.

Explanation: As part of its economic policy, the Second National Government relaxed compulsory unionism.

Explanation: The Second National Government successfully negotiated to ensure New Zealand's continued access to UK markets after the UK joined the EEC.

Explanation: Family maintenance allowances were introduced by the Second National Government in 1968.

Explanation: Following a referendum, bar closing times were extended from 6pm to 10pm, taking effect on 9 October 1967.

Explanation: In 1968, the emergency benefit was systematized into a discretionary Domestic Purposes Benefit, which was later replaced by a statutory benefit in 1973.

Explanation: In 1969, the general medical services benefit for beneficiaries was increased, and a new specialist benefit was introduced.

Explanation: To encourage medical professionals to practice in less populated regions, a rural incentives scheme for doctors was introduced in 1969.

Explanation: The government simplified the process of income abatement on benefits in 1971.

Explanation: The Second National Government adopted a policy of cultural assimilation for Māori people, aiming to integrate them into Pākehā (European New Zealander) lifestyles, in response to their increasing urbanization.

Explanation: The Native School system was abolished by the Second National Government in 1969, not 1970.

Explanation: The Waitangi Day Act 1960 was amended to designate Waitangi Day as a public holiday specifically within the Northland region, not nationally.

Explanation: In response to Māori urbanization, the government adopted a policy of cultural assimilation, aiming to integrate Māori into Pākehā society.

Explanation: The Native School system was abolished in 1969 as part of the Second National Government's Māori policy.

Explanation: The Waitangi Day Act 1960 was amended to make Waitangi Day a public holiday only in the Northland region, not nationwide.

Explanation: New Zealand troops were committed to the defense of Malaysia, not Indonesia, during the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation.

Explanation: The Second National Government committed only a small number of troops to the Vietnam War, primarily to support the ANZUS pact, not as a large-scale contribution to global security.

Explanation: The Second National Government re-established compulsory military training, rather than abolishing it.

Explanation: New Zealand troops were committed to the defense of Malaysia during the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation.

Explanation: The commitment of troops to Vietnam was seen as a necessary contribution to maintain America's commitment to New Zealand's protection under the ANZUS pact.

Explanation: The Second National Government re-established compulsory military training as a policy related to military service.

Explanation: Norman Kirk led the Opposition Labour Party from 1965 until 1972, covering the latter half of the Second National Government's term.

Explanation: The unpopular 'Black Budget' of 1958, which increased taxes on various goods, was a key factor in the Labour government's defeat in the 1960 election.

Explanation: The Labour government claimed the 'Black Budget' was necessary to address a balance of payments crisis, not to fund new social welfare programs.

Explanation: Labour's Prime Minister Walter Nash was 78 and his team was perceived as old and out of touch, contrasting with National's younger leader, Keith Holyoake.

Explanation: The 1963 election was largely a re-run of the 1960 election, with no new major issues emerging to reshape the political landscape.

Explanation: In the 1963 election, National's popular vote decreased by 0.5%, and they lost one seat, though they maintained a majority.

Explanation: Norman Kirk replaced Arnold Nordmeyer as Labour Party leader shortly *before* the 1966 election.

Explanation: The main policy difference in the 1966 election was the National government's *support* for the Vietnam War, while Labour *opposed* it and advocated for troop recall.

Explanation: In the 1966 election, the Social Credit Party won a seat, marking a significant electoral event as it was the first time a party other than Labour or National had won a seat since 1943.

Explanation: Before the 1969 election, the number of electorates was increased from 80 to 84 to account for population growth.

Explanation: The National Party's popular vote share increased by 1.6% in the 1969 election, and they successfully regained the seat previously lost to the Social Credit Party.

Explanation: The defeat in 1972 was attributed to a general perception that the party was old and out of touch, rather than a single policy issue.

Explanation: Holyoake's conservative bent and long tenure were perceived as a poor fit for the changing times, contributing to the party's image as old and out of touch before the 1972 election.

Explanation: Jack Marshall's succession did little to revitalize the National Party, as he lacked charisma and had insufficient time to establish himself before the 1972 election.

Explanation: The National Party won 46 seats out of 80 in the 1960 general election, securing a majority of 12 seats.

Explanation: The National Party won 44 seats out of 80 in the 1966 general election, securing a majority of 8.

Explanation: Norman Kirk led the Opposition Labour Party from 1965 until 1972, succeeding Arnold Nordmeyer.

Explanation: The unpopular 'Black Budget' of 1958, which raised taxes on various goods, was the key issue leading to the Labour government's defeat in the 1960 election.

Explanation: The Labour government stated that the 'Black Budget' was necessary to address a balance of payments crisis.

Explanation: Labour's Prime Minister Walter Nash was 78, and his team was generally perceived as old and out of touch compared to National's leadership.

Explanation: The 1963 election was largely a re-run of the 1960 election because no new major issues had emerged, and the unpopular 'Black Budget' continued to negatively impact the Labour Party.

Explanation: In the 1963 general election, National's popular vote decreased by 0.5%, and they lost one seat, though they retained a majority of 10 seats.

Explanation: Norman Kirk replaced Arnold Nordmeyer as the Labour Party leader shortly before the 1966 election.

Explanation: The primary policy difference in the 1966 election concerned the Vietnam War, with National supporting involvement and Labour advocating for troop recall.

Explanation: The defeat in 1972 was largely attributed to a public perception that the National Party was old, worn-out, and out of touch, rather than a specific policy failure.

Explanation: Holyoake's long career and conservative image were perceived as outdated, contributing to the National Party's image as out of touch before the 1972 election.

Explanation: Jack Marshall's succession did not significantly revitalize the National Party's prospects, as he lacked the charisma of his opponent and had insufficient time to establish himself.

Explanation: The National Party won 46 seats out of 80 in the 1960 general election, securing a majority of 12.

Explanation: In the 1966 general election, the National Party won 44 seats out of 80.

Explanation: Keith Holyoake served as Prime Minister for most of the term, but he resigned in February 1972 and was succeeded by Jack Marshall for the final year.

Explanation: Jack Marshall succeeded Keith Holyoake as Prime Minister on 7 February 1972, serving until the government stepped down on 8 December 1972.

Explanation: On 12 October 1961, capital punishment for murder was removed from the Crimes Bill, with ten National MPs, including the Minister of Justice Ralph Hanan, voting with the Opposition.

Explanation: Sir Arthur Porritt was indeed the first New Zealand-born Governor-General, appointed in 1967 by the Second National Government.

Explanation: Sir Denis Blundell was appointed in 1972, marking the first time a New Zealand-born and resident individual held the position of Governor-General.

Explanation: The Second National Government lowered the voting age from 21 to 20 before the 1969 election.

Explanation: Ian Templeton indeed used the term 'Young Turk' to describe these three new National MPs elected in 1960.

Explanation: Keith Holyoake held the portfolio of Minister of Foreign Affairs for the entire duration of the Second National Government, from 1960 to 1972.

Explanation: Robert Muldoon became Minister of Finance in 1967, succeeding Harry Lake, and held the position until 1972.

Explanation: Ralph Hanan held the Minister of Justice portfolio from 1960 until July 1969, not for the entire duration of the government.

Explanation: Tom Shand served as the Minister of Labour from 12 December 1960 until 11 December 1969, after which Jack Marshall assumed the role.

Explanation: Keith Holyoake served as Prime Minister from 1960 until February 1972, covering almost the entire duration of the Second National Government.

Explanation: Jack Marshall succeeded Keith Holyoake as Prime Minister on 7 February 1972, serving until the government's dissolution in December 1972.

Explanation: Capital punishment for murder was removed from the Crimes Bill on 12 October 1961, with cross-party support.

Explanation: Sir Arthur Porritt was appointed in 1967 as the first New Zealand-born Governor-General by the Second National Government.

Explanation: Before the 1969 election, the Second National Government lowered the voting age from 21 to 20.

Explanation: Peter Gordon, Duncan MacIntyre, and Robert Muldoon were described as the 'Young Turks'; Jack Marshall was not among them.

Explanation: Keith Holyoake, who was also Prime Minister for most of the term, held the Minister of Foreign Affairs portfolio for the entire duration of the Second National Government.

Explanation: Ralph Hanan held the Minister of Justice portfolio from 12 December 1960 until 24 July 1969.

Explanation: Tom Shand served as Minister of Labour from 1960 until 1969, when Jack Marshall assumed the role.