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Silver carbonate is characterized by its appearance as dark gray crystals, a coloration attributed to the presence of elemental silver.
Answer: False
Explanation: Silver carbonate typically appears as pale yellow crystals. While samples may have a grayish tint due to elemental silver, its characteristic color is not dark gray.
The official IUPAC nomenclature designates Ag₂CO₃ as Argentous carbonate.
Answer: False
Explanation: The IUPAC name for Ag₂CO₃ is Silver(I) carbonate. Argentous carbonate is an alternative, non-IUPAC name for the compound.
The molar mass of Silver carbonate (Ag₂CO₃) is precisely 275.75 grams per mole.
Answer: True
Explanation: The molar mass of Silver carbonate (Ag₂CO₃) is indeed 275.75 grams per mole, a fundamental stoichiometric property of the compound.
Freshly synthesized silver carbonate initially presents as a colorless solid, subsequently undergoing a rapid transformation to a yellow coloration.
Answer: True
Explanation: Upon initial formation, freshly prepared silver carbonate is colorless, but it rapidly transitions to a yellow hue, indicating a swift change in its visual characteristics.
The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number assigned to Silver carbonate is 534-16-7.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number for Silver carbonate is accurately identified as 534-16-7, serving as its unique numerical identifier.
Silver carbonate is categorized as a transition metal carbonate, a classification that elucidates its elevated aqueous solubility.
Answer: False
Explanation: While silver carbonate is correctly classified as a transition metal carbonate, this classification explains its *poor* solubility in water, not high solubility, aligning with the general characteristics of most compounds in this category.
The magnetic susceptibility (χ) of Silver carbonate is characterized by a positive value, indicative of paramagnetism.
Answer: False
Explanation: The magnetic susceptibility (χ) of silver carbonate is -80.9 × 10⁻⁶ cm³/mol, which is a negative value. A negative magnetic susceptibility indicates diamagnetism, not paramagnetism.
The chemical formula Ag₂CO₃ signifies that each molecular unit of silver carbonate contains one silver atom and two carbonate groups.
Answer: False
Explanation: The chemical formula Ag₂CO₃ explicitly denotes that each formula unit of silver carbonate comprises two silver atoms and one carbonate group, not one silver atom and two carbonate groups.
Which of the following represents the official IUPAC nomenclature for Silver carbonate?
Answer: Silver(I) carbonate
Explanation: The IUPAC name for Silver carbonate is Silver(I) carbonate. Argentous carbonate is an alternative, less formal name.
What is the precise molar mass of Silver carbonate (Ag₂CO₃)?
Answer: 275.75 grams per mole
Explanation: The molar mass of Silver carbonate (Ag₂CO₃) is 275.75 grams per mole.
What is the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number for Silver carbonate?
Answer: 534-16-7
Explanation: The CAS Number for Silver carbonate is 534-16-7.
What is the correct chemical formula for Silver carbonate?
Answer: Ag₂CO₃
Explanation: The chemical formula for Silver carbonate is Ag₂CO₃.
What is the experimentally determined density of Silver carbonate?
Answer: 6.077 g/cm³
Explanation: The density of Silver carbonate is 6.077 g/cm³.
Describe the characteristic macroscopic appearance of Silver carbonate crystals.
Answer: Pale yellow crystals, often with a grayish tint
Explanation: Silver carbonate typically appears as pale yellow crystals, often with a grayish tint due to the presence of elemental silver.
What is the reported magnetic susceptibility (χ) value for Silver carbonate?
Answer: -80.9 × 10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Explanation: The magnetic susceptibility (χ) of Silver carbonate is -80.9 × 10⁻⁶ cm³/mol.
Silver carbonate initiates decomposition at a temperature exceeding its documented melting point.
Answer: False
Explanation: Silver carbonate commences decomposition at approximately 120 °C, a temperature notably lower than its reported melting point of 218 °C. This indicates that decomposition precedes melting.
The thermal decomposition of silver carbonate directly produces elemental silver and carbon dioxide.
Answer: False
Explanation: The thermal decomposition of silver carbonate to elemental silver is not a direct process. It proceeds through an intermediate step where silver oxide (Ag₂O) is formed, which then further decomposes into elemental silver and oxygen.
At a temperature of 476 K, Silver carbonate assumes a monoclinic crystal structure.
Answer: False
Explanation: At 476 K, silver carbonate transitions to a hexagonal α-form crystal structure. Its monoclinic structure is observed at a lower temperature, specifically 295 K.
The standard molar entropy (S°₂₉₈) of Silver carbonate is reported as -505.8 kJ/mol.
Answer: False
Explanation: The standard molar entropy (S°₂₉₈) of silver carbonate is 167.4 J/mol·K. The value -505.8 kJ/mol corresponds to its standard enthalpy of formation (ΔfH°₂₉₈), not its entropy.
The heat capacity (C) of Silver carbonate is precisely 112.3 J/mol·K.
Answer: True
Explanation: The heat capacity (C) of silver carbonate is accurately reported as 112.3 J/mol·K, representing the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of the substance by one Kelvin.
At 295 K, the monoclinic crystal structure of Silver carbonate is defined by a space group of P2₁/m.
Answer: True
Explanation: At 295 K, the monoclinic crystal structure of silver carbonate is characterized by the space group P2₁/m, which describes its specific symmetry elements.
The point group corresponding to the trigonal β-form of Silver carbonate at 453 K is 3m.
Answer: True
Explanation: The trigonal β-form of silver carbonate, observed at 453 K, possesses a point group of 3m, which characterizes its molecular or crystallographic symmetry.
The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔfH°₂₉₈) for Silver carbonate is precisely -505.8 kJ/mol.
Answer: True
Explanation: The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔfH°₂₉₈) for silver carbonate is indeed -505.8 kJ/mol, representing the heat change associated with its formation from constituent elements under standard conditions.
What is the standard molar entropy (S°₂₉₈) of Silver carbonate?
Answer: 167.4 J/mol·K
Explanation: The standard molar entropy (S°₂₉₈) of Silver carbonate is 167.4 J/mol·K.
For the monoclinic crystal structure of Silver carbonate at 295 K, what is the lattice constant along the 'a' axis?
Answer: 4.8521(2) Å
Explanation: At 295 K, the lattice constant for the monoclinic crystal structure of Silver carbonate along the 'a' axis is 4.8521(2) Å.
At what approximate temperature does Silver carbonate commence its thermal decomposition?
Answer: 120 °C
Explanation: Silver carbonate begins to decompose from 120 °C.
At a temperature of 295 K, which crystal structure is characteristic of Silver carbonate?
Answer: Monoclinic structure
Explanation: At 295 K, Silver carbonate exhibits a monoclinic crystal structure.
What is the standard Gibbs free energy of formation (ΔfG°) for Silver carbonate?
Answer: -436.8 kJ/mol
Explanation: The Gibbs free energy (ΔfG°) for Silver carbonate is -436.8 kJ/mol.
Identify the point group associated with the trigonal β-form of Silver carbonate at 453 K.
Answer: 3m
Explanation: The point group for the trigonal β-form of Silver carbonate at 453 K is 3m.
What is the specific heat capacity (C) of Silver carbonate?
Answer: 112.3 J/mol·K
Explanation: The heat capacity (C) of Silver carbonate is 112.3 J/mol·K.
What is the standard enthalpy of formation (ΔfH°₂₉₈) for Silver carbonate?
Answer: -505.8 kJ/mol
Explanation: The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔfH°₂₉₈) for Silver carbonate is -505.8 kJ/mol.
For the monoclinic crystal structure of Silver carbonate at 295 K, what is the lattice constant along the 'b' axis?
Answer: 9.5489(4) Å
Explanation: At 295 K, the lattice constant for the monoclinic crystal structure of Silver carbonate along the 'b' axis is 9.5489(4) Å.
What is the value of the beta (β) angle for the monoclinic crystal structure of Silver carbonate at 295 K?
Answer: 91.9713(3)°
Explanation: The angle beta (β) for the monoclinic crystal structure of Silver carbonate at 295 K is 91.9713(3)°.
Identify the space group corresponding to the monoclinic crystal structure of Silver carbonate at 295 K.
Answer: P2₁/m
Explanation: The space group for the monoclinic crystal structure of Silver carbonate at 295 K is P2₁/m.
Silver carbonate demonstrates high aqueous solubility, particularly at reduced temperatures.
Answer: False
Explanation: Silver carbonate exhibits poor solubility in water, a characteristic shared with most transition metal carbonates. Its solubility actually increases with temperature, from 0.031 g/L at 15 °C to 0.5 g/L at 100 °C.
Silver carbonate exhibits insolubility in prevalent organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.
Answer: True
Explanation: Silver carbonate is indeed insoluble in a range of common organic solvents, including ethanol, liquid ammonia, acetates, and acetone, highlighting its specific solubility profile.
The synthesis of Silver carbonate necessitates the combination of aqueous silver nitrate solutions with an excess of sodium carbonate.
Answer: False
Explanation: The synthesis of silver carbonate typically involves combining aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate with a *deficiency* of silver nitrate, not an excess of sodium carbonate, to ensure complete precipitation of the silver carbonate.
The reaction of silver carbonate with ammonia results in the formation of an explosive compound identified as silver fulminate.
Answer: False
Explanation: The reaction of silver carbonate with ammonia yields the diamminesilver(I) complex ion, [Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺. While solutions of this complex can potentially precipitate explosive silver nitride (Ag₃N), it does not directly form silver fulminate.
The solubility product constant (Ksp) for Silver carbonate is determined to be 8.46 × 10⁻¹².
Answer: True
Explanation: The solubility product constant (Ksp) for silver carbonate is precisely 8.46 × 10⁻¹², a value indicative of its low solubility in aqueous solutions.
Silver carbonate undergoes a reaction with hydrofluoric acid, yielding silver chloride.
Answer: False
Explanation: When silver carbonate reacts with hydrofluoric acid, the product formed is silver fluoride, not silver chloride. This is a characteristic acid-base reaction.
Upon reaction with ammonia, what specific complex ion is generated from Silver carbonate?
Answer: [Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺
Explanation: When Silver carbonate reacts with ammonia, it forms the diamminesilver(I) complex ion, [Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺.
Provide the balanced chemical equation representing the synthesis of Silver carbonate.
Answer: 2 AgNO₃(aq) + Na₂CO₃(aq) → Ag₂CO₃(s) + 2 NaNO₃(aq)
Explanation: The chemical equation for the preparation of Silver carbonate is: 2 AgNO₃(aq) + Na₂CO₃(aq) → Ag₂CO₃(s) + 2 NaNO₃(aq).
When Silver carbonate undergoes reaction with hydrofluoric acid, what specific silver salt is produced?
Answer: Silver fluoride
Explanation: Silver carbonate reacts with hydrofluoric acid to produce silver fluoride.
What is the experimentally determined solubility product constant (Ksp) for Silver carbonate?
Answer: 8.46 × 10⁻¹²
Explanation: The solubility product (Ksp) of Silver carbonate is 8.46 × 10⁻¹².
Describe the temperature dependence of Silver carbonate's aqueous solubility.
Answer: It increases, from 0.031 g/L at 15 °C to 0.5 g/L at 100 °C.
Explanation: The solubility of Silver carbonate in water increases with increasing temperature, from 0.031 g/L at 15 °C to 0.5 g/L at 100 °C.
The predominant industrial application of silver carbonate is in the synthesis of silver powder for microelectronic components.
Answer: True
Explanation: The principal industrial application of silver carbonate is indeed in the synthesis of silver powder, which is critically utilized in microelectronics due to its specific properties.
Silver powder derived from silver carbonate through formaldehyde reduction offers a distinct advantage by being free of alkali metals.
Answer: True
Explanation: The production of silver powder from silver carbonate via formaldehyde reduction offers a significant advantage: the resulting silver is devoid of alkali metals, a crucial characteristic for its high-purity applications in microelectronics.
In the Fétizon oxidation, silver carbonate immobilized on Celite serves to transform aldehydes into primary alcohols.
Answer: False
Explanation: In Fétizon oxidation, silver carbonate supported on Celite functions as an oxidizing agent, converting alcohols into carbonyl compounds. Specifically, primary alcohols are oxidized to aldehydes, not the reverse transformation of aldehydes into primary alcohols.
Secondary alcohols undergo oxidation to ketones via Fétizon oxidation, utilizing silver carbonate on Celite.
Answer: True
Explanation: Indeed, Fétizon oxidation, employing silver carbonate supported on Celite, is an effective method for the selective oxidation of secondary alcohols to their corresponding ketones.
Silver carbonate is employed in the Koenigs-Knorr reaction for the conversion of alkyl bromides into methyl ethers.
Answer: True
Explanation: In the Koenigs-Knorr reaction, silver carbonate plays a crucial role in facilitating the transformation of alkyl bromides into methyl ethers, a key step in glycoside synthesis.
Silver carbonate is applicable as a base in the Wittig reaction.
Answer: True
Explanation: Silver carbonate has been successfully employed as a base in the Wittig reaction, a fundamental synthetic method for the formation of alkenes.
Hydroxymethyl compounds are oxidized to keto-alcohols when subjected to Fétizon oxidation with silver carbonate on Celite.
Answer: False
Explanation: In Fétizon oxidation utilizing silver carbonate on Celite, hydroxymethyl compounds are oxidized to ketones, whereas diols are converted to keto-alcohols. The statement incorrectly attributes the formation of keto-alcohols to hydroxymethyl compounds.
What constitutes the principal industrial application of Silver carbonate?
Answer: In the production of silver powder for microelectronics.
Explanation: The primary industrial use of Silver carbonate is in the production of silver powder for microelectronics.
Identify a significant advantage associated with the production of silver powder from silver carbonate via formaldehyde reduction for microelectronic applications.
Answer: It yields silver that is free of alkali metals.
Explanation: A key advantage of producing silver powder from silver carbonate by reduction with formaldehyde is that it yields silver that is free of alkali metals.
In the Fétizon oxidation, utilizing Silver carbonate supported on Celite, what class of compounds is generated from the oxidation of primary alcohols?
Answer: Aldehydes
Explanation: Using Fétizon oxidation with silver carbonate on Celite, primary alcohols can be oxidized to form aldehydes.
Within the Koenigs-Knorr reaction, what specific chemical transformation of alkyl bromides is promoted by silver carbonate?
Answer: Conversion to methyl ethers
Explanation: In the Koenigs-Knorr reaction, silver carbonate is used to facilitate the conversion of alkyl bromides into methyl ethers.
In the context of Fétizon oxidation, what mechanistic role is fulfilled by silver carbonate supported on Celite?
Answer: An oxidizing agent
Explanation: In the Fétizon oxidation, silver carbonate supported on Celite acts as an oxidizing agent.
When diols undergo Fétizon oxidation mediated by silver carbonate on Celite, what specific class of organic compounds is produced?
Answer: Keto-alcohols
Explanation: When diols are subjected to Fétizon oxidation with silver carbonate on Celite, keto-alcohols are formed.
Inhalation of Silver carbonate is formally categorized as an irritant hazard.
Answer: True
Explanation: Inhalation of silver carbonate is indeed categorized as an irritant hazard, with GHS hazard statement H335 indicating it may cause respiratory irritation. Precautionary measures, such as avoiding breathing dust, are advised.
The GHS pictograms associated with Silver carbonate signify flammability and acute toxicity.
Answer: False
Explanation: The GHS pictograms for silver carbonate denote it as corrosive (GHS05) and an environmental hazard (GHS09), not flammable or an acute toxicant. Its NFPA 704 flammability rating is 0.
The GHS signal word designated for Silver carbonate is 'Warning'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The GHS signal word for silver carbonate is 'Danger', indicating a higher level of hazard severity compared to 'Warning'.
The GHS hazard statement H315 for Silver carbonate indicates that it induces serious eye irritation.
Answer: False
Explanation: GHS hazard statement H315 for silver carbonate signifies that it causes skin irritation. Serious eye irritation is denoted by the hazard statement H319.
The NFPA 704 flammability rating for Silver carbonate is 1, suggesting a slight flammability hazard.
Answer: False
Explanation: The NFPA 704 rating for flammability of silver carbonate is 0, signifying that it will not burn under typical fire conditions and presents no flammability hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible material.
The LD₅₀ for Silver carbonate, administered orally to mice, is documented as 3.73 g/kg.
Answer: True
Explanation: The median lethal dose (LD₅₀) for silver carbonate, when administered orally to mice, is indeed 3.73 g/kg, providing a measure of its acute toxicity.
Which GHS precautionary statement specifically recommends avoiding inhalation of dust, fume, gas, mist, vapors, or spray when manipulating Silver carbonate?
Answer: P261
Explanation: P261 is the GHS precautionary statement that advises avoiding breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapors, or spray.
Which GHS pictograms are officially designated for Silver carbonate, indicating its primary hazards?
Answer: Corrosive (GHS05) and Environmental Hazard (GHS09)
Explanation: The GHS pictograms associated with Silver carbonate are Corrosive (GHS05) and Environmental Hazard (GHS09).
Identify a significant potential hazard linked to diamminesilver(I) solutions derived from Silver carbonate and ammonia.
Answer: Precipitation of explosive Silver nitride (Ag₃N).
Explanation: There is a possibility that explosive Silver nitride (Ag₃N) may precipitate out of diamminesilver(I) solutions, including those formed from Silver carbonate and ammonia.
Which GHS signal word is officially assigned to Silver carbonate?
Answer: Danger
Explanation: The GHS signal word for Silver carbonate is 'Danger'.
Which GHS hazard statement specifically denotes that Silver carbonate is a cause of serious eye irritation?
Answer: H319
Explanation: The GHS hazard statement H319 indicates that Silver carbonate causes serious eye irritation.
What is the NFPA 704 flammability rating assigned to Silver carbonate?
Answer: 0
Explanation: The NFPA 704 rating for flammability of Silver carbonate is 0.
What is the reported LD₅₀ (median lethal dose) for Silver carbonate following oral administration in mice?
Answer: 3.73 g/kg
Explanation: The LD₅₀ (median lethal dose) for Silver carbonate in mice via oral administration is 3.73 g/kg.