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Southern hip-hop emerged as a distinct third major scene primarily in the late 1990s, separate from the established East and West Coast scenes.
Answer: False
Explanation: The emergence of Southern hip-hop as a distinct third major scene occurred in the mid-1980s, not primarily in the late 1990s.
The primary stylistic origins of Southern hip-hop are solely derived from West Coast hip-hop influences.
Answer: False
Explanation: Southern hip-hop draws its stylistic origins from the broader hip-hop genre, incorporating influences from both East Coast and West Coast hip-hop traditions.
The five states considered the core of the 'Southern Network' in rap music are Georgia, Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Alabama.
Answer: False
Explanation: The core states identified in the 'Southern Network' are Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Florida.
According to the source, when did Southern hip-hop culturally emerge?
Answer: Mid-1980s
Explanation: Southern hip-hop culturally emerged in the mid-1980s, establishing itself as a distinct scene.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a core state in the 'Southern Network' for rap music?
Answer: Mississippi
Explanation: The core states identified in the 'Southern Network' are Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Florida. Mississippi is not included in this list.
Key centers for Southern hip-hop culture in its early development included Houston, Atlanta, New Orleans, Memphis, and Miami.
Answer: True
Explanation: These cities are consistently identified as crucial regional hubs for the development and proliferation of Southern hip-hop culture.
Atlanta's rise as a Southern hip-hop hub in the mid-1990s was significantly influenced by artists like Outkast and Goodie Mob, alongside the production crew Organized Noize.
Answer: True
Explanation: The mid-1990s saw Atlanta ascend as a major Southern hip-hop center, largely due to the influence of artists such as Outkast and Goodie Mob, and the production collective Organized Noize.
Cash Money Records and No Limit Records, both from Houston, were instrumental in the early 2000s Southern hip-hop scene.
Answer: False
Explanation: Cash Money Records and No Limit Records were instrumental in the early 2000s Southern hip-hop scene; however, they originated from New Orleans, not Houston.
Three 6 Mafia, DJ Paul, and Juicy J are key artists associated with the Memphis, Tennessee rap scene.
Answer: True
Explanation: These artists are prominently cited as key figures within the Memphis, Tennessee hip-hop landscape.
The Tennessee rap scene primarily popularized the subgenre of G-funk.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Tennessee rap scene, particularly Memphis, is associated with popularizing Memphis Rap and Memphis horror-core, not G-funk.
Arrested Development's 1992 song 'Tennessee' is believed to be the first rap song released *about* the state of Tennessee.
Answer: False
Explanation: The song 'Tennessee' by Arrested Development is believed to be the first rap song released *from* the state of Tennessee, not necessarily *about* it.
In the 1980s and early 1990s, Atlanta's hip-hop scene featured a local variation of Miami bass, with artists like Kilo Ali and DJ Smurf.
Answer: True
Explanation: Atlanta's early hip-hop scene in the 1980s and early 1990s was characterized by a local adaptation of Miami bass, featuring artists such as Kilo Ali and DJ Smurf.
Outkast and Goodie Mob were pivotal in establishing Atlanta's reputation for unique, 'soul-minded hip-hop eccentrics' in the mid-1990s.
Answer: True
Explanation: The emergence of Outkast, Goodie Mob, and the production collective Organized Noize in the mid-1990s was pivotal in developing the Dirty South style and establishing Atlanta's reputation for unique, 'soul-minded hip-hop eccentrics'.
The Roland TR-808 synthesizer was considered unimportant to Atlanta's diverse hip-hop sounds.
Answer: False
Explanation: Producer Fatboi described the Roland TR-808 synthesizer as 'central' to Atlanta's musical versatility, noting its use across various styles including snap, crunk, trap, and pop rap.
A 2009 New York Times article identified Lex Luger and Zaytoven as the only key producers driving Atlanta's hip-hop scene.
Answer: False
Explanation: A 2009 New York Times article identified Drumma Boy, Fatboi, Shawty Redd, Lex Luger, and Zaytoven as the five 'hottest producers driving the city' of Atlanta, not just Lex Luger and Zaytoven.
Which of the following cities was NOT recognized as a significant regional hub for Southern hip-hop in the provided text?
Answer: Chicago
Explanation: The text identifies Memphis, Atlanta, and Houston as significant regional hubs for Southern hip-hop. Chicago is not listed among these prominent centers.
Which two record labels from New Orleans were significant in the early 2000s Southern hip-hop scene?
Answer: Cash Money Records and No Limit Records
Explanation: Cash Money Records and No Limit Records, both based in New Orleans, were highly influential in the Southern hip-hop scene during the early 2000s.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a key artist from the Memphis, Tennessee hip-hop scene?
Answer: Kilo Ali
Explanation: While artists like Juicy J, Yo Gotti, and Project Pat are key figures from Memphis, Kilo Ali is associated with Atlanta's early hip-hop scene, particularly its variation of Miami Bass.
The Tennessee rap scene played a role in popularizing which subgenres?
Answer: Memphis Rap and Memphis horror-core
Explanation: The Tennessee rap scene, particularly Memphis, is recognized for its contributions to popularizing Memphis Rap and Memphis horror-core subgenres.
Which Atlanta-based production crew, alongside artists like Outkast and Goodie Mob, was pivotal in developing the Dirty South style in the mid-1990s?
Answer: Organized Noize
Explanation: The production collective Organized Noize was instrumental, alongside artists like Outkast and Goodie Mob, in shaping the Dirty South sound emanating from Atlanta in the mid-1990s.
What role did the Roland TR-808 synthesizer play in Atlanta's diverse hip-hop sounds, according to producer Fatboi?
Answer: It was central to the city's musical versatility across styles like snap, crunk, and trap.
Explanation: Producer Fatboi emphasized the Roland TR-808 synthesizer's central role in Atlanta's diverse musical landscape, underpinning styles from snap and crunk to trap and pop rap.
Which Alabama-based gangsta rap group is mentioned in the text?
Answer: Dirty
Explanation: The gangsta rap group Dirty, from Montgomery, Alabama, is mentioned in the text.
What characterized Atlanta's hip-hop scene in the 1980s and early 1990s?
Answer: A local variation of Miami bass featuring artists like Kilo Ali.
Explanation: Atlanta's hip-hop scene in the 1980s and early 1990s was characterized by a local variation of Miami bass, featuring artists such as Kilo Ali and DJ Smurf.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a significant regional hub for Southern hip-hop?
Answer: Detroit
Explanation: The text identifies Miami, New Orleans, and Fayetteville, Georgia as significant regional hubs for Southern hip-hop. Detroit is not mentioned in this context.
Which artists were instrumental in the early 2000s Southern hip-hop scene through their record labels based in New Orleans?
Answer: Cash Money Records and No Limit Records
Explanation: Cash Money Records and No Limit Records, both based in New Orleans, were instrumental in the early 2000s Southern hip-hop scene through their innovative business strategies and artist development.
The Geto Boys, hailing from Houston, were among the first Southern hip-hop artists to achieve significant widespread popularity.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Geto Boys, originating from Houston, Texas, are recognized as one of the initial Southern hip-hop acts to attain substantial widespread recognition.
The Geto Boys' albums 'Mind Playing Tricks on Me' and 'We Can't Be Stopped' are cited as foundational to Southern hip-hop's rise.
Answer: False
Explanation: While 'We Can't Be Stopped' is cited as foundational, 'Mind Playing Tricks on Me' is not explicitly mentioned in this context. Key foundational albums include 'Grip It! On That Other Level' and 'The Geto Boys'.
UGK boosted their profile in 2000 with guest appearances on Jay-Z's 'Big Pimpin'' and Three 6 Mafia's 'Sippin' on Some Syrup'.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 2000, UGK made notable guest appearances on Jay-Z's 'Big Pimpin'' and Three 6 Mafia's 'Sippin' on Some Syrup,' significantly enhancing their reputation.
The hip-hop duo Kris Kross gained fame partly through their distinctive fashion choice of wearing their clothes backward.
Answer: True
Explanation: Kris Kross, an Atlanta-based hip-hop duo, gained fame partly through their distinctive fashion choice of wearing their clothes backward, which became a trend in the 1990s.
Which Houston-based hip-hop group is identified in the text as one of the first from the South to achieve widespread popularity?
Answer: Geto Boys
Explanation: The Geto Boys, hailing from Houston, are recognized as one of the earliest Southern hip-hop groups to achieve significant widespread popularity.
What unique fashion choice did the hip-hop duo Kris Kross make that became associated with their image?
Answer: Wearing their clothes backward.
Explanation: The hip-hop duo Kris Kross gained significant recognition partly due to their distinctive fashion choice of wearing their clothes backward.
Crunk music, a subgenre of Southern hip-hop, saw a significant rise in popularity during 'The Dirty Decade'.
Answer: True
Explanation: Crunk music experienced a significant surge in popularity during 'The Dirty Decade,' becoming a prominent sound within Southern hip-hop.
Bounce music originated in Houston in the early 1990s and is known for slow tempos and complex lyrical narratives.
Answer: False
Explanation: Bounce music originated in New Orleans in the late 1990s and is characterized by fast beats and catchy call-and-response lyrics, not slow tempos.
Big Freedia is recognized as a prominent bounce artist who has collaborated with Beyoncé and appeared on a TV show on Fuse.
Answer: True
Explanation: Big Freedia is highlighted as a famous bounce artist, noted for collaborations with Beyoncé and having their own TV show on Fuse, among other achievements.
Miami Bass music is characterized by its explicit lyrics, fast dance beats, prominent basslines, and a consistent kick drum.
Answer: True
Explanation: These elements—explicit lyrics, fast dance beats, prominent basslines, and a consistent kick drum—are defining sonic features of the Miami Bass genre.
The song 'Hustlin'' by Rick Ross is credited as the first Miami Bass track.
Answer: False
Explanation: The song 'Throw The D,' released by 2 Live Crew in January 1986, is considered the inaugural Miami Bass track, not 'Hustlin'' by Rick Ross.
2 Live Crew's album 'As Nasty As They Wanna Be' was banned permanently, preventing its sale and distribution.
Answer: False
Explanation: Although initially facing legal challenges and being deemed obscene, 2 Live Crew won their legal battle, allowing the album's sale with a warning label.
Texas hip-hop in the early 1990s began to speed up, diverging from slower styles, with DJ Screw pioneering the 'chopped and screwed' technique.
Answer: False
Explanation: In the early 1990s, Texas hip-hop, pioneered by DJ Screw, began to slow down, diverging from faster styles, leading to the development of the 'chopped and screwed' technique.
'Chopped and screwed' music is characterized by sped-up tempos and is associated with the increased abuse of marijuana in Southeast Texas.
Answer: False
Explanation: 'Chopped and screwed' is a music style characterized by slowed-down tempos and is associated with the increased abuse of 'purple drank' in Southeast Texas, not marijuana.
Crunk music, originating in Memphis, is characterized by heavy basslines, drum machine rhythms, and shouting vocals.
Answer: True
Explanation: Crunk music, originating with Three Six Mafia in Memphis, is indeed characterized by heavy basslines, drum machine rhythms, and shouting vocals.
Atlanta rapper Lil Jon is credited with popularizing crunk music, which achieved mainstream success primarily between 2003 and 2004.
Answer: True
Explanation: Lil Jon is credited with popularizing crunk music, which saw its mainstream peak between 2003 and 2004.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a distinct subgenre of Southern hip-hop?
Answer: G-Funk
Explanation: While subgenres such as Crunk, Trap music, and Bounce are listed as distinct elements of Southern hip-hop, G-Funk is not identified as such within this context.
Which subgenre of Southern hip-hop experienced a significant rise in popularity during 'The Dirty Decade'?
Answer: Crunk
Explanation: Crunk music saw a significant increase in popularity during 'The Dirty Decade,' becoming a dominant force in Southern hip-hop.
Bounce music, originating in New Orleans, is primarily characterized by:
Answer: Fast beats and call-and-response lyrics
Explanation: Bounce music is defined by its energetic, fast beats and its use of catchy call-and-response lyrical structures, designed to encourage dancing.
What song is credited as the first Miami Bass track?
Answer: Throw The D
Explanation: The song 'Throw The D,' released by 2 Live Crew in January 1986, is widely considered the inaugural Miami Bass track.
What was the outcome of the legal controversy surrounding 2 Live Crew's 1989 album 'As Nasty As They Wanna Be'?
Answer: The group won their legal battle, allowing sales with a warning label.
Explanation: Despite initial legal challenges, 2 Live Crew successfully defended their album, leading to its continued sale with a required warning label.
What stylistic shift did Texas hip-hop undergo in the early 1990s, pioneered by DJ Screw?
Answer: A slowing down of tempos, leading to 'chopped and screwed' music.
Explanation: DJ Screw pioneered the 'chopped and screwed' technique in the early 1990s, characterized by a deliberate slowing of tempos in Texas hip-hop.
What is 'chopped and screwed' music, and what substance is associated with its development?
Answer: Music with slowed-down tempos associated with 'purple drank'.
Explanation: 'Chopped and screwed' music is characterized by slowed-down tempos and is associated with the recreational use of 'purple drank' in its development.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a distinct subgenre of Southern hip-hop in the provided text?
Answer: G-Funk
Explanation: While subgenres such as Phonk, Plugg, and Miami Bass are listed as distinct elements of Southern hip-hop, G-Funk is not identified as such within this context.
What is the primary characteristic of 'chopped and screwed' music?
Answer: Slowed-down tempos
Explanation: 'Chopped and screwed' music is fundamentally characterized by its significantly slowed-down tempos.
Southern hip-hop is exclusively referred to by the name 'dirty south'.
Answer: False
Explanation: While 'dirty south' is a common colloquial term, Southern hip-hop is also referred to as Southern rap or South Coast hip-hop.
The 1995 Source Awards moment where André 3000 declared "the South got something to say" occurred without any audience reaction.
Answer: False
Explanation: The declaration by André 3000 at the 1995 Source Awards, 'the South got something to say,' was met with boos from the audience, highlighting the initial resistance faced by Southern artists.
Southern hip-hop achieved its peak popularity and influence between the years 2002 and 2004.
Answer: True
Explanation: The period between 2002 and 2004 is widely recognized as the zenith of Southern hip-hop's mainstream popularity and cultural influence.
During the week of December 13, 2003, Southern artists held all ten spots on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.
Answer: False
Explanation: During the week of December 13, 2003, Southern artists occupied six of the top 10 spots on the Billboard Hot 100, not all ten.
'The Dirty Decade' in Southern hip-hop refers to the period from 1987 to 1997, characterized by its initial underground development.
Answer: False
Explanation: 'The Dirty Decade' refers to the period from 1997 to 2007, a time marked by the maturation and widespread national recognition of Southern hip-hop.
Key musical elements defining Southern hip-hop during 'The Dirty Decade' included minimalist beats and introspective lyrical themes.
Answer: False
Explanation: During 'The Dirty Decade,' Southern hip-hop was characterized by heavy basslines, distinctive slang, and the integration of regional influences, rather than minimalist beats and introspective themes.
MTV declared Houston the 'new rap capital of the South' in 2005 due to the mainstream success of artists like Scarface and UGK.
Answer: False
Explanation: MTV declared Houston the 'new rap capital of the South' in 2005 due to the mainstream success of artists like Mike Jones and Paul Wall, not primarily Scarface and UGK.
Migos' song 'Versace,' particularly after a remix featuring Drake, popularized the Gucci fashion brand within the Black community in hip-hop.
Answer: False
Explanation: Migos' song 'Versace' popularized the Versace fashion brand within the Black community in hip-hop, not Gucci.
Travis Scott has engaged in brand partnerships with companies such as Nike, McDonald's, and PlayStation.
Answer: True
Explanation: Travis Scott has collaborated with numerous brands, including Nike, McDonald's, and PlayStation, among others.
J. Cole's '4 Your Eyez Only' tour featured a central visual theme of him wearing a police uniform.
Answer: False
Explanation: During his '4 Your Eyez Only' tour, J. Cole wore a prison jumpsuit printed with 'Property of,' not a police uniform, as a central visual theme.
The slang term 'Lean' refers to a mixture of soda, codeine, and candy, popularized by DJ Screw and Big Moe.
Answer: True
Explanation: The slang term 'Lean,' a recreational mixture of sprite, codeine, and candy, was popularized by DJ Screw and Big Moe, notably in their 1996 song 'Sippin' Codeine'.
In Southern hip-hop slang, a 'Trap House' signifies a location for illegal drug production or consumption and lends its name to the 'trap' music genre.
Answer: True
Explanation: A 'Trap House' in Southern hip-hop slang denotes a place associated with illegal drug activities and is the namesake for the 'trap' music genre.
The slang term 'Flossin'' means to be angry or upset and originated in Atlanta around 1990.
Answer: False
Explanation: 'Flossin'' means to display expensive items and originated in Houston around 1990, not Atlanta.
The adjective 'Ratchet,' meaning crazy or wild, originates from the dialect of Shreveport, Louisiana.
Answer: True
Explanation: The term 'Ratchet,' signifying 'crazy or wild,' originates from the dialect of Shreveport, Louisiana, derived from the word 'Wretched'.
The phrase 'Dirty South' was first introduced into the hip-hop lexicon through a 2005 track by Lil Jon.
Answer: False
Explanation: The phrase 'Dirty South' was introduced through the 1995 Goodie Mob track of the same name, not a 2005 track by Lil Jon.
Migos' hit song 'Versace' helped popularize the Versace fashion brand within the Black community in hip-hop.
Answer: True
Explanation: Migos' song 'Versace,' especially after a remix featuring Drake, significantly popularized the Versace fashion brand within the Black community in hip-hop.
What phrase did André 3000 famously utter at the 1995 Source Awards, which became a pivotal moment for Southern hip-hop?
Answer: The South got something to say.
Explanation: André 3000's declaration, 'the South got something to say,' at the 1995 Source Awards was a pivotal moment that signaled the growing recognition and confidence of Southern hip-hop artists.
What period is described as the peak of Southern hip-hop's popularity and influence?
Answer: 2002-2004
Explanation: The years 2002 to 2004 are identified as the period when Southern hip-hop reached its apex in terms of popularity and influence.
The slang term 'Lean,' referring to a recreational mixture, is associated with which ingredients?
Answer: Sprite, codeine, and candy
Explanation: The recreational mixture known as 'Lean' consists of sprite, codeine, and candy.
What does the slang term 'Trap House' signify within Southern hip-hop culture?
Answer: A location associated with the production or consumption of illegal drugs.
Explanation: Within Southern hip-hop slang, a 'Trap House' refers to a location where illegal drugs are produced, sold, or consumed, lending its name to the 'trap' music genre.
The phrase 'Dirty South' was introduced into the hip-hop lexicon through which track?
Answer: A 1995 track by Goodie Mob
Explanation: The phrase 'Dirty South' was introduced into the hip-hop lexicon via the 1995 Goodie Mob track of the same name.
Which fashion brand was significantly popularized within the Black community in hip-hop due to Migos' song 'Versace'?
Answer: Versace
Explanation: Migos' hit song 'Versace' significantly popularized the Versace fashion brand within the Black community in hip-hop.
What distinctive visual element did J. Cole use during his '4 Your Eyez Only' tour?
Answer: A prison jumpsuit printed with 'Property of'
Explanation: During his '4 Your Eyez Only' tour, J. Cole opened the shows by wearing a prison jumpsuit printed with 'Property of,' serving as a central visual theme.
What statistical evidence from late 2003 / early 2004 demonstrated the dominance of Southern hip-hop?
Answer: All of the above.
Explanation: Statistical data from late 2003 and early 2004, including chart performance on the Billboard Hot 100 and urban radio airplay percentages, collectively demonstrates the significant dominance of Southern hip-hop during that period.
According to the text, what was the primary reason MTV declared Houston the 'new rap capital of the South' in 2005?
Answer: The mainstream success of numerous Houston rappers achieving platinum status.
Explanation: MTV's declaration in 2005 was primarily driven by the widespread mainstream success and chart achievements of numerous Houston rappers during the 2000s.
What does the slang adjective 'Ratchet' mean, and where does it originate linguistically?
Answer: Meaning 'crazy or wild'; originating from Shreveport, Louisiana dialect.
Explanation: The term 'Ratchet,' signifying 'crazy or wild,' originates from the dialect of Shreveport, Louisiana, derived from the word 'Wretched'.
What pivotal moment at the 1995 Source Awards is cited as crucial for gaining recognition for Southern rap?
Answer: André 3000's declaration "the South got something to say" after being booed.
Explanation: André 3000's declaration, 'the South got something to say,' at the 1995 Source Awards, made in response to audience boos, is cited as a crucial moment for gaining recognition for Southern rap.
What did MTV declare Houston to be in 2005?
Answer: The new rap capital of the South.
Explanation: In 2005, MTV declared Houston the 'new rap capital of the South' due to the significant mainstream success of its hip-hop artists.