Explanation: The source indicates that the surface water in a strait generally maintains a consistent elevation on both sides, facilitating bidirectional flow, which distinguishes it from rivers that are primarily influenced by elevation changes.

Explanation: The source specifies that sand-sized deposits, not silt-sized, typically accumulate at the exits of straits, forming features such as subaqueous fans or deltas.

Explanation: The source defines an isthmus as a narrow strip of land connecting two large land masses, explicitly stating it is the geographical converse of a strait.

Explanation: The source notes that the Pearse Canal is an exception where an artificial channel is sometimes referred to as a strait, despite the general distinction between canals and natural straits.

Explanation: The terms 'firth' and 'Kyle' are used in Scotland and are sometimes synonymous with 'strait,' referring to narrow inlets of the sea or channels between landmasses, not large, open bays.

Explanation: The source indicates that straits can be non-navigable not only due to being too narrow or too shallow but also because of natural obstacles like reefs or archipelagos.

Explanation: The short description defines a strait as a naturally formed, narrow, and typically navigable waterway, not an artificially constructed one.

Explanation: The source states that the surrounding topography of a strait generally constricts water flow, even when the water can move bidirectionally.

Explanation: The source defines a strait as a narrow channel situated between two land masses, connecting two larger seas or water basins.

Explanation: The source states that straits can be non-navigable if they are too narrow, too shallow, or contain natural obstacles such as reefs or archipelagos.

Explanation: The source indicates that sand-sized deposits typically form at the two exits of a strait, creating features such as subaqueous fans or deltas.

Explanation: The terms 'channel,' 'pass,' 'passage,' 'firth,' or 'Kyle' are often used synonymously with 'strait.' An isthmus, however, is defined as the geographical converse of a strait, connecting land masses rather than water bodies.

Explanation: The source distinguishes canals from natural straits by noting that canals are constructed over land and typically have a directional flow influenced by elevation changes, whereas natural straits often maintain consistent elevation and allow bidirectional flow.

Explanation: The source states that rivers and most canals have directional flow influenced by elevation changes, whereas natural straits typically maintain consistent elevation and can flow freely in either direction or switch directions, making the statement about straits *always* having a dominant directional current influenced by elevation changes incorrect.

Explanation: The 'short description' at the beginning of the article serves to provide a concise definition of a strait as a naturally formed, narrow, and typically navigable waterway that connects two larger bodies of water.

Explanation: The source explicitly states that an isthmus is considered the geographical converse of a strait.

Explanation: The source states that straits are economically and strategically important as vital shipping routes, and historically, control over them has been a significant factor leading to wars.

Explanation: The source defines a 'choke point' as a narrow geographical feature, frequently a strait, that is critical for passage and thus strategically important.

Explanation: The source's 'See also' section explicitly lists 'List of straits,' 'Strait passage,' and 'Choke point' as related geographical concepts.

Explanation: The source highlights that straits are economically and strategically important due to their role as vital shipping routes, with historical control frequently leading to conflicts.

Explanation: The source defines a 'choke point' as a narrow geographical feature, often a strait, that is critical for passage and thus strategically important.

Explanation: The Strait of Gibraltar is explicitly cited as an example where the legal regime of transit passage applies, not innocent passage, as it connects two parts of the high seas or an exclusive economic zone.

Explanation: The source explicitly states that innocent passage cannot be suspended through certain types of straits, specifically those connecting high seas/EEZ with territorial seas or those formed by an island and mainland with an equally convenient alternative route.

Explanation: The source defines transit passage as granting ships and aircraft the freedom of navigation and overflight for continuous and expeditious transit through straits connecting two parts of the high seas or an exclusive economic zone.

Explanation: The Strait of Messina is an example where the innocent passage regime applies not because it connects two parts of the high seas, but because it is formed by an island and mainland with an alternative route seaward of the island.

Explanation: The source defines the 'territorial sea' as extending up to 12 nautical miles from a state's baseline, not 200 nautical miles. The 200 nautical mile zone refers to the exclusive economic zone (EEZ).

Explanation: The source explicitly states that the regime of innocent passage applies to straits used for international navigation that connect a part of the high seas or an exclusive economic zone with the territorial sea of a coastal nation.

Explanation: The Strait of Dover is cited as an example where the transit passage regime applies, not the innocent passage regime.

Explanation: The Strait of Juan de Fuca is cited as an example where the innocent passage regime applies under the condition of connecting a part of the high seas or an exclusive economic zone with the territorial sea of a coastal nation.

Explanation: The source specifies that straits connecting two parts of the high seas or an exclusive economic zone, passing through the territorial sea, are subject to the legal regime of transit passage.

Explanation: The Straits of Tiran are cited as an example where the innocent passage regime applies due to connecting a high sea or exclusive economic zone with a coastal nation's territorial sea.

Explanation: The innocent passage regime applies to straits formed by an island of a state bordering the strait and its mainland if an alternative route through the high seas or an exclusive economic zone exists with similar navigational and hydrographical convenience.

Explanation: The source explains that the presence of a 'territorial sea' is significant because it dictates whether the legal regime of transit passage or innocent passage applies to international navigation through a strait.

Explanation: The Strait of Hormuz is explicitly listed as an example of a strait where the transit passage legal regime is applicable.

Explanation: The legal regime of 'innocent passage' permits all ships to pass through the territorial sea of a coastal state, provided that the passage is not detrimental to the peace, good order, or security of that state.

Explanation: An 'exclusive economic zone' (EEZ) primarily grants a state special rights over marine resources extending up to 200 nautical miles from its baseline.

Explanation: The Strait of Messina is cited as an example where the innocent passage regime applies because it is formed by an island and mainland with an alternative route existing seaward of the island.

Explanation: The Pentland Firth in Scotland is specifically mentioned in the source as having the potential to generate 10 gigawatts of tidal power, underscoring its importance for renewable energy.

Explanation: The source indicates that Cook Strait has an estimated total energy available in its flow of 15 GW, with a potential generation capacity of 5.6 GW, not the other way around.

Explanation: The source states that tidal power is more predictable than wave or wind power, making straits with strong currents ideal locations for its generation.

Explanation: The 'Marine Briefing' from December 2006 by the Scottish Renewables Forum focused on marine energy, specifically highlighting the tidal power potential of straits, not wind energy.

Explanation: The Pentland Firth in Scotland is noted for its potential to generate 10 gigawatts (GW) of tidal power.

Explanation: The source states that tides are more predictable than wave or wind power, which is the primary reason tidal power is considered a more reliable energy source.

Explanation: The source states that the estimated total energy available in the flow of Cook Strait in New Zealand is 15 GW.

Explanation: The 'Marine Briefing' from December 2006 by the Scottish Renewables Forum focused on marine energy, specifically highlighting the tidal power potential in straits.

Explanation: The source confirms that Dariusz R. Bugajski authored the 2021 book 'Navigational rights and freedoms in the international law and practice,' which includes relevant discussions on straits.

Explanation: The source confirms that Ross Vennell authored the preprint 'The Energetics of Large Tidal Turbine Arrays,' which was submitted to the Royal Society in 2011 and published in 2012.

Explanation: The source confirms that S. Longhitano's 2013 paper in Terra Nova focused on developing a depositional model for ancient and modern, tectonically-confined tidal straits.

Explanation: The source provides the ISBN for Dariusz R. Bugajski's book on navigational rights as 978-83-961549-1-0.

Explanation: Dariusz R. Bugajski is identified as the author of the 2021 book 'Navigational rights and freedoms in the international law and practice'.

Explanation: S. Longhitano's 2013 paper in Terra Nova focused on developing a depositional model for ancient and modern, tectonically-confined tidal straits.

Explanation: The OCLC identifier for Dariusz R. Bugajski's book 'Navigational rights and freedoms in the international law and practice' is 1267382284.

Explanation: Ross Vennell authored the 2011 research titled 'Estimating the power potential of tidal currents and the impact of power extraction on flow speeds'.

Explanation: The Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for Ross Vennell's 2011 work on tidal current power potential is 10.1016/j.renene.2011.05.011.

Explanation: The 'Marine habitats' sidebar categorizes straits under 'Coastal habitats,' not 'Deep-sea habitats,' indicating their ecological role within coastal zones.

Explanation: The source confirms that the Palosaari Strait, also known as Brändö sund, is located in Vaasa, Finland, and is accompanied by an image in the provided material.

Explanation: The diagrammatic map in the source material visually represents the typical geographical configuration of a strait, not an isthmus.

Explanation: The source material includes an image taken from ISS-44 depicting the Strait of Gibraltar.

Explanation: The Palosaari Strait, also known as Brändö sund, is mentioned as being located in Vaasa, Finland.