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The term 'Sudetenland' originated in the early 20th century and gained significant prominence following World War I.
Answer: True
Explanation: The term 'Sudetenland' originated in the early 20th century and achieved prominence after World War I, coinciding with the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
The Sudetenland refers to the northern, southern, and western border districts of former Czechoslovakia, predominantly inhabited by Sudeten Germans.
Answer: True
Explanation: The term 'Sudetenland' denotes the border districts of former Czechoslovakia, which were predominantly inhabited by Sudeten Germans.
The name 'Sudetenland' is derived from the Sudeten Mountains and the German word 'Land,' meaning country.
Answer: True
Explanation: The name 'Sudetenland' is a German compound word, combining 'Land' (country) with 'Sudeten,' referring to the Sudeten Mountains.
Historically, the territories later designated as the Sudetenland did not constitute a single, unified administrative region prior to the emergence of nationalism.
Answer: True
Explanation: The areas later known as the Sudetenland never formed a single historical region, making it challenging to delineate their history separately from Bohemia until the advent of nationalism in the 19th century.
The earliest known inhabitants of the region that would become known as the Sudetenland were Celtic tribes, with Slavic peoples settling later in the 7th century AD.
Answer: True
Explanation: The earliest known inhabitants were Celtic tribes, such as the Boii, with Slavic settlement occurring later in the 7th century AD.
What historical region is designated by the German term 'Sudetenland'?
Answer: The northern, southern, and western areas of former Czechoslovakia inhabited predominantly by Sudeten Germans.
Explanation: The term 'Sudetenland' refers to the border districts of former Czechoslovakia, predominantly inhabited by Sudeten Germans.
In what historical period did the term 'Sudetenland' first gain prominence?
Answer: After World War I, following the disintegration of Austria-Hungary.
Explanation: The term 'Sudetenland' originated in the early 20th century and achieved prominence after World War I, coinciding with the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
The designation 'Sudetenland' is etymologically derived from which geographical feature?
Answer: The Sudeten Mountains
Explanation: The name 'Sudetenland' is a German compound word, combining 'Land' (country) with 'Sudeten,' referring to the Sudeten Mountains.
Which of the following contemporary Czech regions falls outside the historical definition of the Sudetenland?
Answer: Prague
Explanation: While the Sudetenland encompassed border districts of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia, Prague, the capital of Bohemia, was not typically included within this historical designation.
Prior to the 19th century, the territories later identified as the Sudetenland:
Answer: Never formed a single historical region, making separate history difficult to distinguish from Bohemia.
Explanation: The areas later designated as the Sudetenland did not constitute a single historical region, making it challenging to delineate their history separately from Bohemia until the advent of nationalism in the 19th century.
Who constituted the earliest known inhabitants of the region that would eventually be designated as the Sudetenland?
Answer: Celtic tribes, specifically the Boii
Explanation: The region was first settled by Celtic tribes, notably the Boii, with Germanic tribes like the Marcomanni dominating the core area subsequently.
German settlement, part of the Ostsiedlung movement, expanded into the border regions of Bohemia from the 13th century onwards.
Answer: True
Explanation: During the High Middle Ages, Germans began settling in the less populated border regions, a process known as Ostsiedlung, which expanded from the 13th century onwards.
The Přemyslid kings Ottokar II and Wenceslaus II were instrumental in inviting ethnic Germans to settle these regions starting in the second half of the 13th century.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Přemyslid kings Ottokar II and Wenceslaus II were instrumental in inviting ethnic Germans to settle these regions starting in the second half of the 13th century.
Charles IV added the Lusatias to the Lands of the Bohemian Crown, expanding territories that included areas with a substantial German population.
Answer: True
Explanation: Charles IV incorporated the Lusatias into the Lands of the Bohemian Crown, thereby expanding territories that contained significant German populations.
German settlers established significant forest glass production facilities in the hilly border regions.
Answer: True
Explanation: German settlers established major manufactures of forest glass in the hilly border regions of Bohemia.
The Hussite Wars (1419–1434) resulted in the German population losing its dominance in the border regions of Bohemia.
Answer: False
Explanation: Despite hardships and some participation in the Hussite movement, the German population maintained its dominance in the border regions following the Hussite Wars.
Germans of Franconian descent primarily settled in the South Bohemian and South Moravian Regions of Czechoslovakia.
Answer: False
Explanation: Germans of Franconian descent primarily settled in areas like Žatec, while Bavarians settled in the South Bohemian and South Moravian Regions.
German speakers constituted a majority in Prague from the last third of the 17th century until 1860.
Answer: True
Explanation: German speakers formed a majority in Prague from the late 17th century until 1860, after which the proportion of German speakers began to decline.
Following the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, Czech gradually became the primary and official language in Bohemia, while German declined.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, German gradually became the primary and official language in Bohemia, while Czech declined to a secondary role.
The Romanticism movement led to a decrease in national tensions by promoting cultural unity between Czech and German populations.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Romanticism movement exacerbated national tensions by fostering ideologies such as Austroslavism among Czechs and Pan-Germanism among Germans.
During the Revolutions of 1848, the Czech-speaking population insisted on keeping Bohemia separate from any German nation-state plans.
Answer: True
Explanation: During the Revolutions of 1848, the Czech-speaking population sought to maintain Bohemia's distinct status, while the German-speaking population desired integration into a German nation-state.
From which century onwards did German settlement, as part of the Ostsiedlung movement, expand into the border regions of Bohemia?
Answer: 13th century
Explanation: German settlement, part of the Ostsiedlung movement, expanded into the border regions of Bohemia from the 13th century onwards.
Which Bohemian monarchs played a significant role in encouraging ethnic German settlement in the border regions from the latter half of the 13th century?
Answer: Ottokar II and Wenceslaus II
Explanation: The Přemyslid kings Ottokar II and Wenceslaus II were instrumental in inviting ethnic Germans to settle these regions starting in the second half of the 13th century.
What specific type of manufacturing did German settlers establish in the hilly border regions of Bohemia?
Answer: Forest glass production
Explanation: German settlers established major manufactures of forest glass in the hilly border regions of Bohemia.
What was the impact of the Hussite Wars (1419–1434) on the German population residing in the border regions?
Answer: They had minimal impact, and the German population remained dominant.
Explanation: Despite hardships and some participation in the Hussite movement, the German population maintained its dominance in the border regions following the Hussite Wars.
In which regions of Bohemia and Moravia did Germans of Bavarian descent primarily establish settlements?
Answer: The South Bohemian and South Moravian Regions
Explanation: Germans of Bavarian descent primarily settled in the South Bohemian and South Moravian Regions, including cities like Brno and Jihlava.
As of 1910, what proportion of Prague's population comprised German speakers?
Answer: Approximately 6.7%
Explanation: By 1910, the proportion of German speakers in Prague had decreased to approximately 6.7% of the population.
What was the impact of Habsburg policies on the linguistic status of German in Bohemia subsequent to the Battle of White Mountain in 1620?
Answer: German gradually became the primary and official language, while Czech declined.
Explanation: Following the Battle of White Mountain in 1620 and subsequent Counter-Reformation policies, German gradually became the primary and official language in Bohemia, while Czech experienced a decline in official usage.
During the Revolutions of 1848, what was the primary aspiration of the German-speaking population in Bohemia and Moravia?
Answer: To unite with a German nation-state.
Explanation: During the Revolutions of 1848, the German-speaking population sought to participate in the formation of a German nation-state, contrasting with the Czech population's desire to maintain Bohemia's distinct status.
The term "Sudetendeutsche" emerged in the 19th century as a classification of German groupings within the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Answer: False
Explanation: The term 'Sudetendeutsche' emerged in the early 20th century as part of a classification of three German groupings within the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
The Sudetenland experienced a lower rate of war deaths during World War I compared to most other German-speaking areas of Austria-Hungary.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Sudetenland experienced a higher rate of war deaths during World War I than most other German-speaking areas of Austria-Hungary, exceeded only by two specific regions.
Ambassador Archibald Coolidge, representing President Wilson, advocated for the separation of northern Bohemia from any union with Germany or Austria.
Answer: True
Explanation: Ambassador Archibald Coolidge initially advocated for the self-determination of Germans in Czechoslovakia, proposing the union of German-speaking areas with Germany or Austria, with the exception of northern Bohemia.
The Paris Peace Conference unanimously recommended incorporating the German-speaking areas into Czechoslovakia, believing separation would endanger both the state and its German population.
Answer: True
Explanation: The U.S. commission to the Paris Peace Conference unanimously recommended incorporating the German-speaking areas into Czechoslovakia, reasoning that separation would endanger both the state and its German population.
The Treaty of Versailles officially affirmed the inclusion of German-speaking territories within Czechoslovakia after World War I.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Treaty of Saint-Germain, signed in 1919, affirmed the inclusion of the German-speaking territories within Czechoslovakia.
The February 1921 census indicated that approximately 23.4% of Czechoslovakia's total population were native German speakers.
Answer: True
Explanation: The February 1921 census indicated that 3,123,000 native German speakers constituted 23.4% of Czechoslovakia's total population.
The Great Depression had a less severe impact on the Sudetenland compared to other regions of Czechoslovakia due to its diversified industrial base.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Sudetenland was disproportionately affected by the Great Depression due to its high concentration of vulnerable export-dependent industries, such as glassworks and textiles.
High unemployment and the imposition of Czech language in schools contributed to the Sudetenland population's receptiveness to extremist movements in the 1930s.
Answer: True
Explanation: High unemployment resulting from the economic depression, coupled with the imposition of Czech language in educational institutions and public life, fostered receptiveness to extremist ideologies.
The Sudeten German Party (SdP) proclaimed the Karlsbader Programm in April 1938, demanding complete equality between Sudeten Germans and the Czech people.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Karlsbader Programm, proclaimed by the Sudeten German Party (SdP) in April 1938, consisted of eight points demanding complete equality between Sudeten Germans and the Czech people within Czechoslovakia.
The Karlsbader Programm, proclaimed by the Sudeten German Party, primarily focused on demanding territorial annexation by Germany.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Karlsbader Programm, proclaimed by the Sudeten German Party, focused on demanding complete equality between Sudeten Germans and the Czech people within Czechoslovakia.
The 1921 census showed that over 3.5 million native German speakers resided in Czechoslovakia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1921 census indicated that approximately 3.123 million native German speakers resided in Czechoslovakia, constituting 23.4% of the total population.
Bijouterie and glassmaking industries were minor contributors to the Sudetenland's economy and were not significantly affected by the Great Depression.
Answer: False
Explanation: The bijouterie and glassmaking industries were major contributors to the Sudetenland's economy, with approximately 60% of the industry located there, and they were significantly affected by the Great Depression.
The German deputies' attempt to unite their territories with German Austria after WWI was primarily based on invoking economic necessity.
Answer: False
Explanation: The German deputies invoked the principle of self-determination, as outlined in Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points, to justify their desire to unite the German-speaking territories with German Austria.
The Romanticism movement contributed to heightened national tensions through the promotion of which ideologies?
Answer: Austroslavism and Pan-Germanism
Explanation: The Romanticism movement fostered distinct national ideologies, such as Austroslavism among Czechs and Pan-Germanism among Germans, thereby contributing to increased national tensions.
The term 'Sudetendeutsche' emerged in the early 20th century as a classification pertaining to:
Answer: Three German groupings within the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Explanation: The term 'Sudetendeutsche' emerged in the early 20th century as part of a classification system for three distinct German population groups within the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Relative to most other German-speaking areas of Austria-Hungary, what was the war death rate in the Sudetenland during World War I?
Answer: Higher than most other German-speaking areas, exceeded only by two specific regions.
Explanation: The Sudetenland recorded a higher rate of war deaths during World War I compared to most other German-speaking regions within Austria-Hungary, surpassed only by German South Moravia and Carinthia.
What was Ambassador Archibald Coolidge's initial position concerning the principle of self-determination for Germans residing in Czechoslovakia?
Answer: He advocated for the separation of all German-speaking areas from Czechoslovakia and their union with Germany or Austria, except northern Bohemia.
Explanation: Ambassador Archibald Coolidge initially advocated for the self-determination of Germans in Czechoslovakia, proposing the union of German-speaking areas with Germany or Austria, with the exception of northern Bohemia.
Which post-World War I treaty formally affirmed the incorporation of German-speaking territories into Czechoslovakia?
Answer: The Treaty of Saint-Germain
Explanation: The Treaty of Saint-Germain, signed in 1919, officially affirmed the inclusion of the German-speaking territories within the newly formed state of Czechoslovakia.
As per the February 1921 census, what percentage of Czechoslovakia's total population identified as native German speakers?
Answer: 23.4%
Explanation: The February 1921 census indicated that 3,123,000 native German speakers constituted 23.4% of Czechoslovakia's total population.
The disproportionate impact of the Great Depression on the Sudetenland was primarily attributable to its high concentration of:
Answer: Vulnerable export-dependent industries like glassworks and textiles.
Explanation: The Sudetenland's economy was heavily reliant on export-dependent industries such as glassworks, textiles, paper, and toy manufacturing, making it particularly vulnerable to the economic downturn.
What factors contributed to the Sudetenland population's increased receptiveness to extremist political movements during the 1930s?
Answer: High unemployment and the imposition of Czech language in schools.
Explanation: High unemployment resulting from the economic depression, coupled with the imposition of Czech language in educational institutions and public life, fostered receptiveness to extremist ideologies.
What was the primary demand articulated in the Karlsbader Programm, proclaimed by the Sudeten German Party (SdP) in April 1938?
Answer: Complete equality between Sudeten Germans and the Czech people.
Explanation: The Karlsbader Programm, proclaimed by the Sudeten German Party (SdP) in April 1938, consisted of eight points demanding complete equality between Sudeten Germans and the Czech people within Czechoslovakia.
The Czechoslovak military began building extensive border fortifications in 1936 due to internal political instability.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Czechoslovak military began constructing extensive border fortifications in 1936 as a defensive measure against the escalating assertiveness and expansionist policies of Adolf Hitler.
The Sudeten Crisis was triggered by the German invasion of Poland in September 1939.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Sudeten Crisis was triggered in March 1938, immediately following the Anschluss of Austria into the German Reich.
Lord Runciman's mission to Czechoslovakia in August 1938 aimed to mediate a settlement between the Czechoslovak government and the Sudeten Germans.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Runciman Mission was undertaken to ascertain whether a settlement could be reached between the Czechoslovak government and the Sudeten Germans, aiming to mediate the crisis.
Hitler's demands at Godesberg on September 22, 1938, included only the annexation of the Sudetenland, not the occupation of other Czech territories.
Answer: False
Explanation: Hitler's demands at Godesberg included not only the annexation of the Sudetenland but also the immediate military occupation of Bohemia and Moravia.
The Munich Agreement, signed on September 29, 1938, was signed by representatives of Czechoslovakia, who agreed to the immediate occupation of the Sudetenland by Germany.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Munich Agreement was signed by Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Italy. The Czechoslovak government, though not present at the talks, was compelled to accept its terms, including the immediate occupation of the Sudetenland by Germany.
By the summer of 1938, a significant portion of Sudetenlanders favored greater autonomy within Czechoslovakia rather than outright annexation by Germany.
Answer: True
Explanation: Contemporary reports indicated that a notable segment of the Sudetenlander population and moderate elements within the Sudeten German Party favored greater autonomy within Czechoslovakia over immediate annexation by Germany.
The Runciman Mission was undertaken to enforce a settlement between the Czechoslovak government and the Sudeten Germans.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Runciman Mission was undertaken to ascertain whether a settlement could be reached between the Czechoslovak government and the Sudeten Germans, aiming to mediate the crisis.
The primary impetus for the Czechoslovak military's commencement of extensive border fortifications in 1936 was:
Answer: The increasing aggressiveness of Adolf Hitler.
Explanation: The Czechoslovak military initiated the construction of extensive border fortifications in 1936 as a defensive measure against the escalating assertiveness and expansionist policies of Adolf Hitler.
What specific event in March 1938 immediately precipitated the Sudeten Crisis?
Answer: The Anschluss of Austria into the German Reich.
Explanation: The Sudeten Crisis was immediately triggered in March 1938 by the Anschluss, the annexation of Austria into the German Reich, which emboldened Hitler to pursue territorial claims on Czechoslovakia.
What was the principal outcome of the Munich Agreement, signed on September 29, 1938?
Answer: It led to the immediate occupation of the Sudetenland by Germany.
Explanation: The Munich Agreement resulted in the immediate occupation of the Sudetenland by Germany, a decision accepted by the Czechoslovak government under duress.
The Sudetenland was officially assigned to Germany between October 1 and 10, 1938, and shortly after, in March 1939, the Czech part of Czechoslovakia was invaded by Germany.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Sudetenland was officially assigned to Germany between October 1 and 10, 1938. Subsequently, in March 1939, the remainder of Czechoslovakia was invaded by Germany.
Poland annexed the German-majority borderland areas of the Sudetenland in 1938.
Answer: False
Explanation: Poland annexed borderland areas with an ethnic Polish majority in 1938, which were situated adjacent to the Sudetenland.
After annexation, the Sudetenland was administered as a single entity called Reichsgau Sudetenland, with its capital in Aussig.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following annexation, the northern and western parts of the Sudetenland were reorganized into Reichsgau Sudetenland, with its capital in Reichenberg (Liberec).
The Reichsgau Sudetenland was divided into three administrative districts: Eger, Aussig, and Troppau.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Reichsgau Sudetenland was administratively divided into three districts: Eger (capital Karlsbad), Aussig (capital Aussig), and Troppau (capital Troppau).
Following German occupation, only Jewish populations in the Sudetenland were targeted for persecution, while political opponents were ignored.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following German occupation, both Jewish populations and political opponents, including socialists and communists, were targeted for persecution in the Sudetenland.
In the December 1938 elections in Reichsgau Sudetenland, over 97% of the adult population voted for the NSDAP.
Answer: True
Explanation: During the December 1938 elections in Reichsgau Sudetenland, 97.32% of the adult population voted in favor of the NSDAP.
Bohemian Germans reported an improved standard of living and reduced inflation after the German occupation of the Sudetenland.
Answer: False
Explanation: Bohemian Germans soon complained of inflation and a declining standard of living following the German occupation, despite initial government funding for social welfare.
Konrad Henlein administered the Reichsgau Sudetenland as Reichskommissar and later as Reichsstatthalter.
Answer: True
Explanation: Konrad Henlein served as Reichskommissar of the Reichsgau Sudetenland until May 1, 1939, and subsequently as Reichsstatthalter from May 1, 1939, until May 4, 1945.
After the annexation of the Sudetenland, the German government's policy regarding funding was to provide significant funds to boost social welfare and reduce unemployment.
Answer: True
Explanation: The German government provided significant funds to the annexed Sudetenland, treating it as an endangered borderland, with the intention of boosting social welfare aid and reducing unemployment.
A prominent Sudeten German, Karl Hermann Frank, served as Secretary of State in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.
Answer: True
Explanation: Karl Hermann Frank, a prominent SS and police general, served as Secretary of State in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.
In 1938, which nation annexed the borderland territories with a Polish majority that were adjacent to the Sudetenland?
Answer: Poland
Explanation: Poland annexed borderland areas with an ethnic Polish majority in 1938, which were situated adjacent to the Sudetenland.
What percentage of the adult population in Reichsgau Sudetenland cast votes for the NSDAP during the December 1938 elections?
Answer: 97.32%
Explanation: During the December 1938 elections in Reichsgau Sudetenland, 97.32% of the adult population voted in favor of the NSDAP.
In what administrative capacities did Konrad Henlein govern the Reichsgau Sudetenland?
Answer: As Reichskommissar and then as Reichsstatthalter.
Explanation: Konrad Henlein served as Reichskommissar of the Reichsgau Sudetenland until May 1, 1939, and subsequently as Reichsstatthalter from May 1, 1939, until May 4, 1945.
The Potsdam Conference decided that Sudeten Germans would be allowed to remain in Czechoslovakia if they could prove anti-Nazi affiliation.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Potsdam Conference, held in the summer of 1945, decided that Sudeten Germans would be expelled from Czechoslovakia.
The primary reason for the expulsion of Germans after WWII was their alleged collaboration with the Nazis, overriding any legal provisions for anti-Nazi affiliation.
Answer: True
Explanation: The primary reason cited for the expulsion of the majority of Germans was their alleged collaboration with the Nazis, which generated significant hostility, often overriding legal provisions for anti-Nazi affiliation.
Germans who remained in Czechoslovakia after the expulsions were integrated into their original communities and allowed to maintain their property.
Answer: False
Explanation: Those Germans who remained in Czechoslovakia, typically proven antifascists and skilled laborers, were subsequently subjected to forceful dispersal throughout the country and did not necessarily maintain their original communities or property rights.
Areas like Šumava National Park remained depopulated after WWII for strategic reasons, such as mining and military interests.
Answer: True
Explanation: Areas such as Šumava National Park and parts of the Czech Silesian-Moravian borderland remained depopulated post-WWII due to strategic interests, including extensive mining operations and military considerations.
The forbidden and border zones along the Czechoslovak border, established in the 1950s, were abolished shortly after World War II.
Answer: False
Explanation: The forbidden zone (up to 2 km) and the wider border zone (up to 12 km) established along the Czechoslovak border in the 1950s remained in effect until the Velvet Revolution in 1989.
According to the 2021 census, the traditional Bohemian German dialect is still widely spoken by the German minority in the Czech Republic.
Answer: False
Explanation: According to the 2021 census, the traditional Bohemian German and Moravian German dialects have largely disappeared, with the remaining German minority primarily using Standard German.
The Berlin Declaration of June 5, 1945, legally invalidated the German annexation of the Sudetenland, formally recognizing it as part of Czechoslovakia once again.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Berlin Declaration of June 5, 1945, legally invalidated the German annexation of the Sudetenland, formally recognizing its reintegration into Czechoslovakia.
What was the official disposition of the term 'Sudety' in Czechoslovak communications shortly after liberation in May 1945?
Answer: It was banned and replaced with "border territory."
Explanation: Shortly after liberation in May 1945, the term 'Sudety' was officially banned in Czechoslovak communications and replaced with 'pohraniční území' (border territory).
What decision was rendered by the Potsdam Conference concerning the Sudeten Germans in the summer of 1945?
Answer: They were to be expelled from Czechoslovakia.
Explanation: The Potsdam Conference decided that the Sudeten Germans were to be expelled from Czechoslovakia.
What was the primary cited reason for the expulsion of the majority of Germans from Czechoslovakia subsequent to World War II?
Answer: Their alleged collaboration with the Nazis and resulting hostility.
Explanation: The primary reason cited for the expulsion of the majority of Germans was their alleged collaboration with the Nazis, which generated significant hostility, often overriding legal provisions for anti-Nazi affiliation.
What fate befell the remaining Germans who were permitted to remain in Czechoslovakia following the initial expulsions?
Answer: They were forcefully dispersed within the country.
Explanation: Those Germans who remained in Czechoslovakia, typically proven antifascists and skilled laborers, were subsequently subjected to forceful dispersal throughout the country.
Following World War II, certain areas, including Šumava National Park, remained depopulated due to strategic considerations such as:
Answer: Extensive mining and military interests.
Explanation: Areas such as Šumava National Park and parts of the Czech Silesian-Moravian borderland remained depopulated post-WWII due to strategic interests, including extensive mining operations and military considerations.
Until what significant historical event did the forbidden and border zones along the Czechoslovak border, established in the 1950s, remain in effect?
Answer: The Velvet Revolution in 1989.
Explanation: The forbidden zone (up to 2 km) and the wider border zone (up to 12 km) established along the Czechoslovak border in the 1950s remained in effect until the Velvet Revolution in 1989.
As per the 2021 census data, approximately how many individuals in the Czech Republic identified their ethnicity as German?
Answer: 24,632
Explanation: The 2021 census reported that 24,632 people in the Czech Republic claimed German ethnicity.
What was the significance of the Berlin Declaration, issued on June 5, 1945, with respect to the Sudetenland?
Answer: It legally invalidated the German annexation and recognized its status as part of Czechoslovakia.
Explanation: The Berlin Declaration of June 5, 1945, legally invalidated the German annexation of the Sudetenland, formally recognizing its reintegration into Czechoslovakia.