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In 2007, Tébessa's population was estimated to be just under 150,000 people.
Answer: False
Explanation: According to the source, Tébessa's population in 2007 exceeded 190,000 people.
The total area of Tébessa is approximately 14,227 square miles.
Answer: False
Explanation: The total area of Tébessa is 14,227 square kilometers, which is equivalent to 5,493 square miles.
Based on 2008 data, Tébessa has a population density of 36 people per square kilometer.
Answer: False
Explanation: Based on 2008 data, the population density was 14 people per square kilometer.
Which of the following is NOT an alternative name for Tébessa mentioned in the source?
Answer: Thebes
Explanation: The source lists Tibissa, Tbessa, and Tibesti as alternative names for Tébessa, but does not mention Thebes.
What was the approximate population of Tébessa in 2007?
Answer: Exceeding 190,000 people
Explanation: In 2007, the city of Tébessa had a population exceeding 190,000 people.
What is the total area of Tébessa in square kilometers?
Answer: 14,227 square kilometers
Explanation: The total area of Tébessa is 14,227 square kilometers.
Based on 2008 data, what was the population density of Tébessa per square kilometer?
Answer: 14 people per square kilometer
Explanation: Based on the 2008 population data, Tébessa has a population density of 14 people per square kilometer.
The ancient Greek name for Tébessa, Hekatompýlē, translates to 'Hundred Gates'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that one of the ancient Greek names for Tébessa was Hekatompýlē, meaning 'Hundred Gates'.
Theveste became a Roman colony during the late 3rd century under Emperor Diocletian.
Answer: False
Explanation: Theveste likely became a Roman colony much earlier, during the early 2nd century under Emperor Trajan.
During Emperor Trajan's reign, Theveste had an estimated population of approximately 30,000 inhabitants.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that during Emperor Trajan's reign, Theveste was a thriving city with an estimated population of around 30,000.
Manichaeism was a prominent religious movement in Theveste during the 4th and 5th centuries.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source identifies Theveste as a significant center for the dualistic religion of Manichaeism during the 4th and 5th centuries.
The 'Tebessa codex' is a Greek manuscript discovered in 1918, providing insights into early Christian texts.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'Tebessa codex' is a Latin codex written by Manichaeans, providing insights into Manichaean texts, not early Christian ones.
Theveste was reincorporated into Byzantine North Africa by the patrician Belisarius during Emperor Justinian I's reign.
Answer: False
Explanation: Theveste was rebuilt and integrated into Byzantine North Africa by the patrician Solomon, not Belisarius.
What was the Latinized name for Tébessa, derived from its ancient Greek name meaning 'Hundred Gates'?
Answer: Theveste
Explanation: The ancient Greek name Hekatompýlē was later Latinized to Theveste.
During which emperor's reign did Theveste likely become a Roman colony?
Answer: Trajan
Explanation: Theveste likely became a Roman colony during the early 2nd century under Emperor Trajan.
What was the estimated population of Theveste during the reign of Emperor Trajan?
Answer: Around 30,000 inhabitants
Explanation: During the reign of Emperor Trajan, Theveste was a thriving city with an estimated population of around 30,000 inhabitants.
What religious movement was a significant center in Theveste during the 4th and 5th centuries?
Answer: Manichaeism
Explanation: During the 4th and 5th centuries, Theveste was a significant center for Manichaeism, a major dualistic religion.
What is the 'Tebessa codex' primarily known for?
Answer: Providing valuable insights into Manichaean texts
Explanation: The 'Tebessa codex' is a Latin codex written by Manichaeans that provides valuable insights into their texts.
Who was responsible for rebuilding Theveste and integrating it into Byzantine North Africa at the beginning of Emperor Justinian I's reign?
Answer: Solomon
Explanation: Theveste was rebuilt and integrated into Byzantine North Africa by the patrician Solomon at the beginning of Emperor Justinian I's reign.
The Muslim conquest in the 7th century completely destroyed Theveste, leading to its abandonment.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that while the Muslim conquest reduced Theveste's importance, the city was not destroyed.
The Banu Hilal, an Arab tribe, settled in the region of Tébessa during the 11th century.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the Banu Hilal, an Arab tribe, settled in the region that includes Tèbessa during the 11th century.
The Ottoman Empire established a large cavalry unit in Tebessa during the 16th century.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Ottoman Empire established a small garrison of Janissaries, an elite infantry unit, not a large cavalry unit, in Tebessa.
The French occupied Tébessa in 1851, and it later became an arrondissement within the department of Constantine.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms the French occupation of Tébessa in 1851 and its subsequent administrative status as an arrondissement in the department of Constantine.
After Algerian independence, Tébessa became a district within a larger province.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following Algerian independence, Tébessa became the capital of its own province, Tèbessa Province.
What was the primary impact of the Muslim conquest on Theveste in the 7th century?
Answer: Its importance was reduced, but it was not destroyed.
Explanation: In the 7th century, the Muslim conquest led to a reduction in Theveste's importance, though it was not completely destroyed.
Which Arab tribe settled in the region of Tébessa during the 11th century?
Answer: Banu Hilal
Explanation: In the 11th century, the Banu Hilal, an Arab tribe, settled in the region that includes Tèbessa.
What type of military presence did the Ottoman Empire establish in Tebessa during the 16th century?
Answer: A small garrison of Janissaries
Explanation: During the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire established a small garrison of Janissaries in Tebessa.
When did the French occupy Tébessa?
Answer: 1851
Explanation: The French occupied Tébessa in 1851.
What is Tébessa's administrative status after Algerian independence?
Answer: It became the capital of its own province.
Explanation: After Algeria gained independence, Tébessa became the capital of its own eponymous province, Tébessa Province.
The ancient wall encircling Tébessa, along with its gates, is considered a prominent historical landmark.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source identifies the ancient wall encircling the city and its gates as significant historical landmarks.
Present-day Tébessa features a well-preserved Roman amphitheater and a 5th-century Christian basilica.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Tébessa has a Christian basilica, its amphitheater dates to the 4th century AD, and the basilica also dates to the 4th century.
The Arch of Caracalla in Tébessa was constructed in 214 AD and served as a monumental gateway.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source identifies the Arch of Caracalla as a Roman triumphal arch built in 214 AD that served as a monumental gateway.
The Temple of Minerva in Tébessa dates to the early 3rd century AD and is known for its intricate frescoes.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Temple of Minerva is notable for its intricate mosaics, not frescoes.
The Amphitheatre in Tébessa was constructed in the 2nd century AD for public spectacles.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Amphitheatre in Tébessa was constructed in the 4th century AD.
The Basilica of St. Crispina is one of the largest basilicas in Africa and includes catacombs and a tessellated pavement.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source describes the Basilica of St. Crispina as one of Africa's largest, featuring chapels, baptism urns, catacombs, and a tessellated pavement.
The Byzantine walls of Tébessa, built in the 6th century, are commonly known as 'Justinian's Walls'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Byzantine walls of Tébessa are popularly known as 'Solomon's Walls'.
Which of the following ancient monuments is NOT explicitly mentioned as still visible in present-day Tébessa?
Answer: Roman Forum
Explanation: The source mentions the Arch of Caracalla, a Roman temple, and a Christian basilica as visible monuments, but does not mention a Roman Forum.
In what year was the Arch of Caracalla in Tébessa constructed?
Answer: 214 AD
Explanation: The Arch of Caracalla in Tébessa is a Roman triumphal arch constructed in 214 AD.
What distinctive feature adorns the walls of the Temple of Minerva in Tébessa?
Answer: Intricate mosaics
Explanation: The Temple of Minerva in Tébessa is notable for its walls, which are adorned with intricate mosaics.
When was the Amphitheatre in Tébessa constructed?
Answer: 4th century AD
Explanation: Tébessa features an Amphitheatre that was constructed in the 4th century AD.
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Basilica of St. Crispina mentioned in the source?
Answer: A library
Explanation: The source mentions that the basilica complex includes chapels, baptism urns, catacombs, and a tessellated pavement, but does not mention a library.
By what popular name are the Byzantine walls of Tébessa, constructed in the 6th century, known?
Answer: Solomon's Walls
Explanation: The Byzantine walls of Tébessa, constructed in the 6th century, are popularly referred to as 'Solomon's Walls'.
Tébessa is located in northeastern Algeria, near the border with Morocco.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source material indicates that Tébessa is located in northeastern Algeria, near the border with Tunisia, not Morocco.
Tébessa is widely recognized for its production of traditional Algerian pottery.
Answer: False
Explanation: The city of Tébessa is known for its production of traditional Algerian carpets, not pottery.
Tébessa experiences a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
Answer: False
Explanation: According to the Köppen climate classification, Tébessa has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), not a Mediterranean climate.
The highest recorded temperature in Tébessa was 45.2 °C (113.4 °F), occurring in August.
Answer: False
Explanation: The highest recorded temperature of 45.2 °C (113.4 °F) occurred in July, not August.
The average annual precipitation in Tébessa is approximately 495.8 mm (19.51 inches).
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms the average annual precipitation is 495.8 mm (19.51 inches).
October typically has the highest average precipitation in Tébessa.
Answer: False
Explanation: According to climate data, September has the highest average precipitation, not October.
Tébessa's economic importance stems from its command over the entire southeastern region of eastern Algeria.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Tébessa's economic significance comes from its command over the southeastern region and its position on a key border axis.
Tébessa Province is known for its extensive coal mines and textile industrial units.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tébessa Province is rich in phosphate mines, not coal mines.
Tébessa is connected to other regions primarily by air travel through Tébessa Airport.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tébessa is well-connected by road, rail, and air networks, not primarily by air.
The lowest recorded temperature in Tébessa was -14.7 °C (5.5 °F), which occurred in February.
Answer: False
Explanation: The lowest recorded temperature of -14.7 °C (5.5 °F) occurred in January, not February.
Tébessa is located at an elevation of 858 meters (2,815 feet) above sea level.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Tébessa's elevation is 858 meters (2,815 feet) above sea level.
What traditional product is Tébessa particularly known for?
Answer: Carpets
Explanation: The city of Tébessa is widely recognized for its production of traditional Algerian carpets.
What type of climate does Tébessa experience according to the Köppen climate classification?
Answer: Humid subtropical climate (Cfa)
Explanation: Tébessa experiences a humid subtropical climate, classified as Cfa under the Köppen climate classification system.
In which month did Tébessa record its highest temperature of 45.2 °C (113.4 °F)?
Answer: July
Explanation: The highest recorded temperature in Tébessa was 45.2 °C (113.4 °F), which occurred in July.
What is the average annual precipitation in Tébessa?
Answer: 495.8 mm (19.51 inches)
Explanation: The average annual precipitation in Tébessa is 495.8 mm (19.51 inches).
Which month typically has the highest average precipitation in Tébessa?
Answer: September
Explanation: According to the climate data, September typically has the highest average precipitation in Tébessa.
What is the average annual relative humidity in Tébessa?
Answer: 62.4%
Explanation: The average annual relative humidity in Tébessa is 62.4%.
What is a key reason for Tébessa's economic significance in eastern Algeria?
Answer: Its command over the southeastern region and position on the Annaba - El Oued border axis
Explanation: Tébessa holds significant economic importance as it commands the southeastern region of eastern Algeria and serves as a crucial point along a key border axis.
What significant natural resource is abundant in Tébessa Province?
Answer: Phosphate
Explanation: Tébessa Province is rich in natural resources, possessing numerous phosphate mines.
How is Tébessa connected for transportation to other regions?
Answer: By road, rail, and air networks
Explanation: Tébessa is well-connected by road and rail networks to other parts of Algeria and Tunisia, and is also served by an airport.
In which month did Tébessa record its lowest temperature of -14.7 °C (5.5 °F)?
Answer: January
Explanation: The lowest recorded temperature in Tébessa was -14.7 °C (5.5 °F), which occurred in January.
What is the elevation of Tébessa above sea level?
Answer: 858 meters (2,815 feet)
Explanation: Tébessa is located at an elevation of 858 meters (2,815 feet) above sea level.