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Study Guide: Tata Consultancy Services: History and Milestones

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Tata Consultancy Services: History and Milestones Study Guide

Founding and Early History

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) was established in 1968 by Tata Sons Limited, commencing operations under the name Tata Computer Systems.

Answer: True

Explanation: The foundational year of Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) was 1968, established by Tata Sons Limited, and it initially operated as Tata Computer Systems.

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TCS's initial services included developing software for the Indian Railways and providing IT support to the Reserve Bank of India.

Answer: False

Explanation: TCS's early services focused on providing bureau services to the Unit Trust of India, developing an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for the Central Bank of India, and offering punched card services to TISCO, rather than directly developing software for the Indian Railways or the Reserve Bank of India.

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TCS established India's first client-dedicated offshore development center in 1981 for Tandem Computers.

Answer: True

Explanation: In 1981, TCS pioneered India's first client-dedicated offshore development center, established for Tandem Computers.

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What was the initial name of Tata Consultancy Services when it was established?

Answer: Tata Computer Systems

Explanation: Upon its establishment in 1968, Tata Consultancy Services was initially named Tata Computer Systems.

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Which of the following was NOT among TCS's early services mentioned in the source?

Answer: Offering software development for the Indian Stock Exchange

Explanation: While TCS provided services such as bureau services for UTI, reconciliation systems for the Central Bank of India, and punched card services for TISCO, offering software development for the Indian Stock Exchange was not listed among its initial services.

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Growth, Acquisitions, and Market Milestones

In September 2021, TCS became the first Indian IT company to achieve a market capitalization of US$200 billion.

Answer: True

Explanation: TCS reached a significant milestone in September 2021, becoming the inaugural Indian IT firm to attain a market capitalization of US$200 billion.

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TCS became a publicly listed company in 2003, the same year it recorded $1 billion in revenue.

Answer: False

Explanation: TCS recorded $1 billion in revenue in 2003, but its Initial Public Offering (IPO) and public listing occurred in 2004.

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TCS surpassed Reliance Industries Limited in market capitalization in late 2011 and achieved over $10 billion in annual revenue for the first time in the 2011-2012 fiscal year.

Answer: True

Explanation: TCS achieved the dual milestones of surpassing Reliance Industries Limited in market capitalization by the end of 2011 and exceeding $10 billion in annual revenue during the 2011-2012 fiscal year.

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TCS acquired CMC Limited in October 2001 for $33.9 million, marking its first listed acquisition.

Answer: True

Explanation: The acquisition of CMC Limited by TCS in October 2001 for $33.9 million represented TCS's inaugural listed acquisition.

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In December 2008, TCS acquired Citigroup Global Services, which had approximately 12,472 employees at the time, for $512 million.

Answer: True

Explanation: The acquisition of Citigroup Global Services by TCS in December 2008 involved approximately 12,472 employees and a transaction value of $512 million.

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In May 2013, the Indian Department of Posts awarded TCS a contract valued at approximately US$130 million.

Answer: True

Explanation: In May 2013, the Indian Department of Posts awarded TCS a significant contract valued at approximately US$130 million.

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TCS became India's most profitable company in January 2015, ending a 23-year streak by Reliance Industries Limited.

Answer: True

Explanation: TCS achieved the status of India's most profitable company in January 2015, thereby concluding a 23-year consecutive streak held by Reliance Industries Limited.

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In March 2018, Tata Sons sold TCS shares valued at approximately $1.25 billion through a bulk transaction.

Answer: True

Explanation: Tata Sons executed a bulk transaction in March 2018, selling TCS shares valued at approximately $1.25 billion.

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TCS announced a partnership with Aurus in January 2017 to provide payment solutions for retailers.

Answer: True

Explanation: In January 2017, TCS announced a strategic partnership with Aurus to enhance payment solutions for the retail sector.

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Which milestone did TCS achieve in September 2021 regarding its market capitalization?

Answer: Became the first Indian IT company to reach $200 billion market capitalization.

Explanation: In September 2021, TCS achieved the distinction of being the first Indian IT company to reach a market capitalization of US$200 billion.

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In which year did TCS become a publicly listed company?

Answer: 2004

Explanation: TCS became a publicly listed company through its Initial Public Offering (IPO) in 2004.

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What significant financial achievement did TCS report in the 2011-2012 fiscal year?

Answer: First Indian IT company to exceed $10 billion in annual revenue.

Explanation: In the 2011-2012 fiscal year, TCS achieved the distinction of being the first Indian IT company to report annual revenues surpassing $10 billion.

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How much did TCS pay for its first listed acquisition, CMC Limited, in October 2001?

Answer: $33.9 million

Explanation: TCS acquired CMC Limited in October 2001 for a sum of $33.9 million, marking its first listed acquisition.

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Which company did TCS acquire in December 2008 for $512 million?

Answer: Citigroup Global Services

Explanation: In December 2008, TCS acquired Citigroup Global Services for $512 million.

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TCS became India's most profitable company in January 2015, ending the streak of which other major Indian company?

Answer: Reliance Industries Limited

Explanation: In January 2015, TCS became India's most profitable company, concluding a 23-year streak previously held by Reliance Industries Limited.

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Innovation, Research, and Technology

The Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) was established by TCS in Pune in 1980, serving as India's first dedicated software research facility.

Answer: True

Explanation: Established in Pune in 1980, the Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) by TCS is recognized as India's pioneering dedicated software research facility.

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TCS developed automated tools to address the Euro currency implementation but did not create specific models for the Year 2000 (Y2K) problem.

Answer: False

Explanation: TCS developed automated software tools for both the Year 2000 (Y2K) problem conversion and to facilitate the implementation of the Euro currency.

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The Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC), established in 1981, focuses exclusively on research in artificial intelligence.

Answer: False

Explanation: While TRDDC was established in 1981, its research scope extends beyond artificial intelligence to include software engineering, process engineering, bioinformatics, and systems science.

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The Sujal water purifier, developed by TRDDC and Tata Chemicals, was a high-cost system deployed after the 2004 tsunami relief efforts.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Sujal water purifier, a collaboration between TRDDC and Tata Chemicals, was designed as a low-cost, effective water purification system and was deployed for relief efforts following the 2004 tsunami.

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The TCS co-innovation network, launched in 2007, aims to foster collaborative innovation through partnerships with universities and venture capitalists.

Answer: True

Explanation: Launched in 2007, the TCS co-innovation network facilitates collaborative innovation by engaging with universities, start-ups, and venture capitalists.

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MasterCraft, developed at TRDDC, is software that automatically generates code from a computer language.

Answer: True

Explanation: MasterCraft software, developed at TRDDC, possesses the capability to automatically generate code from a specified computer language.

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TCS was selected to provide biometric technology for India's Aadhaar digital ID program in May 2021.

Answer: True

Explanation: In May 2021, TCS was chosen to supply biometric technology for India's Aadhaar digital ID initiative.

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TCS developed System X for the Canadian Depository System.

Answer: True

Explanation: TCS developed the 'System X' platform for the Canadian Depository System.

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What was the significance of the Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) established in Pune in 1980?

Answer: It was India's first dedicated software research and development facility.

Explanation: The establishment of the Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) in Pune in 1980 marked a significant milestone as it was India's first dedicated facility for software research and development.

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How did TCS address the Year 2000 (Y2K) challenge?

Answer: By developing a factory model and automated software tools for conversion.

Explanation: TCS addressed the Year 2000 (Y2K) challenge by developing a specialized factory model and creating automated software tools to facilitate the necessary code conversions.

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The Sujal water purifier was developed as a collaboration between TCS's TRDDC and which other company?

Answer: Tata Chemicals

Explanation: The Sujal water purifier was a collaborative development between TCS's TRDDC and Tata Chemicals.

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What is the main purpose of the TCS co-innovation network?

Answer: To foster collaborative innovation with external partners

Explanation: The TCS co-innovation network is designed to foster collaborative innovation by engaging external partners such as universities and venture capitalists.

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What is MasterCraft software capable of doing?

Answer: Automatically creating and rewriting code from a computer language

Explanation: MasterCraft software, developed at TRDDC, is capable of automatically generating and rewriting code from a computer language.

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Which organization's Aadhaar digital ID program utilized biometric technology provided by TCS in May 2021?

Answer: India's Aadhaar digital ID program

Explanation: In May 2021, TCS was selected to provide biometric technology for India's Aadhaar digital ID program.

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Financial Performance and Business Segments

TCS BaNCS is a key product, and in 2021, the company's software products and SaaS business generated about 12-15% of its total revenue.

Answer: True

Explanation: TCS BaNCS is a significant product line, and in 2021, TCS's software products and SaaS business contributed approximately 12-15% to its overall revenue.

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Approximately 80% of Tata Sons' dividend income comes from TCS, as of 2024.

Answer: True

Explanation: As of 2024, approximately 80% of Tata Sons' dividend income is derived from its stake in TCS.

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TCS's Business Process Management (BPS) division had an estimated revenue of $3.5 billion in FY 2023-24.

Answer: True

Explanation: The TCS Business Process Management (BPS) division reported an estimated revenue of $3.5 billion for the fiscal year 2023-24.

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TCS provides services like clinical research and pharmacovigilance support to biopharmaceutical companies.

Answer: True

Explanation: TCS offers specialized services to biopharmaceutical companies, including support for clinical research and pharmacovigilance.

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TCS's software products and SaaS-based platforms business generated approximately $3 billion in revenue in 2021.

Answer: True

Explanation: In 2021, the revenue generated by TCS's software products and SaaS-based platforms business was approximately $3 billion.

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What is TCS BaNCS?

Answer: A major product line of TCS

Explanation: TCS BaNCS is recognized as a significant product suite offered by Tata Consultancy Services.

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What was the approximate revenue of TCS's BPS division in FY 2023-24?

Answer: $3.5 billion

Explanation: TCS's Business Process Management (BPS) division generated an estimated revenue of $3.5 billion in the fiscal year 2023-24.

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In 2021, what was the approximate revenue generated by TCS's software products and SaaS-based platforms business?

Answer: $3 billion

Explanation: In 2021, TCS's software products and SaaS-based platforms business generated approximately $3 billion in revenue.

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Global Operations and Workforce

The 2% workforce downsizing announced by TCS in July 2025 was attributed to a need for expansion into new markets.

Answer: False

Explanation: The 2% workforce downsizing announced by TCS in July 2025 was attributed to a 'skill mismatch' within the workforce, not expansion into new markets.

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As of September 2023, TCS operated 51 subsidiary companies across 55 countries.

Answer: True

Explanation: As of September 2023, TCS maintained a global footprint with 51 subsidiary companies operating across 55 countries.

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TCS is one of India's largest private-sector employers, with employee numbers exceeding 600,000 as of July 2022.

Answer: True

Explanation: As of July 2022, TCS ranked among India's largest private-sector employers, reporting a workforce exceeding 600,000 individuals.

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TCS operates 19 innovation labs located in India and the United States only.

Answer: False

Explanation: TCS operates 19 innovation labs, but they are located across three countries, not solely India and the United States.

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What reason did TCS cite for its workforce downsizing announcement in July 2025?

Answer: Skill mismatch within the workforce

Explanation: TCS cited a 'skill mismatch' as the primary reason for the workforce downsizing announced in July 2025.

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As of September 2023, how many countries did TCS operate in?

Answer: 55

Explanation: As of September 2023, TCS had an operational presence in 55 countries.

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What was TCS's approximate employee count in July 2022?

Answer: Approximately 600,000

Explanation: In July 2022, TCS reported an employee count exceeding 600,000 individuals.

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Brand Identity and Sponsorships

TCS's first registered tagline, 'Beyond the Obvious,' was adopted in 2005.

Answer: False

Explanation: TCS registered its first tagline, 'Beyond the Obvious,' in 1999, not 2005. The tagline 'Experience Certainty' was adopted in 2005.

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TCS is the title sponsor for the Boston Marathon but not the London Marathon.

Answer: False

Explanation: TCS is a title sponsor for multiple marathons, including both the Boston Marathon and the London Marathon.

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TCS provides technology for player performance analysis and fitness tracking for the IPL team Rajasthan Royals.

Answer: True

Explanation: TCS supports the Rajasthan Royals IPL team by providing technology solutions for player performance analysis and fitness tracking.

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TCS changed its tagline to 'Building on Belief' in 2005.

Answer: False

Explanation: TCS changed its tagline to 'Experience Certainty' in 2005. 'Building on Belief' was adopted later, in 2021.

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TCS currently sponsors Nakajima Racing in Formula 1 and Jaguar Racing in Formula E.

Answer: False

Explanation: TCS currently sponsors Nakajima Racing in Super Formula and Jaguar Racing in Formula E, not Formula 1.

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The TCS IT Wiz is an annual event organized for university students to showcase technological innovations.

Answer: False

Explanation: The TCS IT Wiz is an annual IT quiz competition specifically organized for high school students across India, not university students.

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In 2021, TCS updated its tagline to 'Experience Certainty' as part of a millennial rebranding.

Answer: False

Explanation: In 2021, TCS updated its tagline to 'Building on Belief' as part of a rebranding effort. 'Experience Certainty' was adopted in 2005.

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What was TCS's tagline after 2005?

Answer: Experience Certainty

Explanation: Following the adoption of 'Experience Certainty' in 2005, TCS continued with this tagline for a significant period.

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Which of these marathons is NOT listed as a title sponsor event for TCS?

Answer: Chicago Marathon

Explanation: While TCS sponsors several major marathons, including London, New York City, and Amsterdam, the Chicago Marathon is not listed among its title sponsorships.

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What technology does TCS provide to the Rajasthan Royals IPL team?

Answer: Player performance analysis and fitness tracking

Explanation: TCS provides the Rajasthan Royals IPL team with technology for player performance analysis and fitness tracking.

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What was TCS's tagline adopted in 2021 after its millennial rebranding?

Answer: Building on Belief

Explanation: In 2021, TCS updated its tagline to 'Building on Belief' as part of a rebranding initiative.

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Which motorsport team does TCS sponsor in the Super Formula series?

Answer: Nakajima Racing

Explanation: TCS sponsors Nakajima Racing in the Super Formula series.

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Identification and Headquarters

TCS is headquartered in Bengaluru, India, and has operational reach in over 40 countries.

Answer: False

Explanation: TCS is headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, not Bengaluru. Its operational reach extends to over 150 locations across 46 countries.

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TCS's primary industry is focused on manufacturing and automotive sectors.

Answer: False

Explanation: TCS's primary industry focus is information technology services and consulting, not manufacturing or automotive sectors.

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The International Securities Identification Number (ISIN) for Tata Consultancy Services is INE467B01029.

Answer: True

Explanation: The unique International Securities Identification Number (ISIN) assigned to Tata Consultancy Services is INE467B01029.

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Tata Group is a subsidiary of Tata Consultancy Services.

Answer: False

Explanation: Tata Consultancy Services is a subsidiary of the Tata Group, not the other way around.

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What is the primary business of Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)?

Answer: Information technology services and consulting

Explanation: TCS primarily operates within the information technology services and consulting sector, offering a broad spectrum of digital and technology solutions.

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Where is TCS headquartered?

Answer: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Explanation: Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

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What is the ISIN for Tata Consultancy Services?

Answer: INE467B01029

Explanation: The International Securities Identification Number (ISIN) for Tata Consultancy Services is INE467B01029.

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Which entity is identified as the parent company of Tata Consultancy Services?

Answer: Tata Group

Explanation: Tata Consultancy Services is a part of the Tata Group, which serves as its parent entity.

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