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The Clarion-Ledger is primarily recognized for its publication in Jackson, the capital city of Mississippi.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material consistently identifies Jackson, Mississippi, as the primary city of publication for The Clarion-Ledger.
The origins of The Clarion-Ledger are traced to a newspaper established in Meridian, Mississippi, in 1837.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the lineage of The Clarion-Ledger can be traced back to The Eastern Clarion, founded in Jasper County in 1837, which was later sold and moved to Meridian.
The Clarion-Ledger is recognized as the oldest company still operating in Mississippi.
Answer: False
Explanation: While historically significant, The Clarion-Ledger is not identified as the absolute oldest company operating in Mississippi. Its origins trace back to 1837.
The merger of The Clarion and the State Ledger occurred in 1888, resulting in the name Daily Clarion-Ledger.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1888, The Clarion merged with the State Ledger, and the combined publication was indeed named the Daily Clarion-Ledger.
The Jackson Evening Post was founded by Walter Giles Johnson, Sr. in 1892.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Jackson Evening Post was founded in 1892 by four former employees of the Daily Clarion-Ledger. Walter Giles Johnson, Sr. was one of these founders and later led the paper when it became the Jackson Daily News.
Fred Sullens renamed The Jackson Evening Post to the Jackson Daily News in 1907.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1907, Fred Sullens acquired an interest in The Jackson Evening Post and subsequently renamed it the Jackson Daily News.
What is the primary city of publication for The Clarion-Ledger?
Answer: Jackson, Mississippi
Explanation: The Clarion-Ledger is published in Jackson, Mississippi, the state capital.
The origins of The Clarion-Ledger can be traced back to which earlier publication?
Answer: The Eastern Clarion
Explanation: The Clarion-Ledger traces its origins to The Eastern Clarion, which was founded in Jasper County, Mississippi, in 1837.
In what year did The Clarion merge with the State Ledger to become the Daily Clarion-Ledger?
Answer: 1888
Explanation: The merger of The Clarion and the State Ledger occurred in 1888, resulting in the formation of the Daily Clarion-Ledger.
Who founded The Jackson Evening Post in 1892?
Answer: Four former employees of the Daily Clarion-Ledger
Explanation: The Jackson Evening Post was founded in 1892 by four former employees of the Daily Clarion-Ledger who were displaced by the 1888 merger.
The newspaper currently operates under the ownership of the Hederman family.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Hederman family owned the newspaper for 60 years, selling it to Gannett in 1982. Current ownership resides with Gannett.
Thomas and Robert Hederman acquired the Daily Clarion-Ledger in 1920 and added the word 'Daily' to its masthead.
Answer: False
Explanation: Thomas and Robert Hederman acquired the Daily Clarion-Ledger in 1920 but dropped the word 'Daily' from its masthead, not added it.
The Clarion-Ledger and Jackson Daily News were formally incorporated under Mississippi Publishers Corporation in 1937 for joint advertising sales.
Answer: True
Explanation: On August 24, 1937, The Clarion-Ledger and the Jackson Daily News incorporated under Mississippi Publishers Corporation specifically for the purpose of joint advertising sales.
The Jackson Daily News was sold to The Clarion-Ledger for over $2 million in 1954.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Jackson Daily News was acquired by its rival, The Clarion-Ledger, on August 7, 1954, for a sum of $2,250,000.
The Jackson Daily News was sold to The Clarion-Ledger shortly after a court ruling had blocked joint control.
Answer: True
Explanation: A court ruling had previously prevented The Clarion-Ledger from controlling both newspapers, making the subsequent sale of the Jackson Daily News to The Clarion-Ledger in 1954 a significant event.
What significant business consolidation occurred on August 24, 1937, involving The Clarion-Ledger and the Jackson Daily News?
Answer: They incorporated under Mississippi Publishers Corporation for joint advertising.
Explanation: On August 24, 1937, The Clarion-Ledger and the Jackson Daily News incorporated under Mississippi Publishers Corporation to facilitate the sale of joint advertising.
For how much did The Clarion-Ledger acquire the Jackson Daily News in 1954?
Answer: $2,250,000
Explanation: The Jackson Daily News was acquired by The Clarion-Ledger in 1954 for $2,250,000.
What was the stated purpose for The Clarion-Ledger and Jackson Daily News incorporating under Mississippi Publishers Corporation?
Answer: To sell joint advertising.
Explanation: The stated purpose for The Clarion-Ledger and Jackson Daily News incorporating under Mississippi Publishers Corporation in 1937 was to facilitate the sale of joint advertising, thereby streamlining their commercial operations.
The Clarion-Ledger is published in a tabloid format.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Clarion-Ledger is published in a broadsheet format, which is a traditional, large-print newspaper style.
Following Gannett's acquisition, The Clarion-Ledger and the Jackson Daily News continued as separate morning and evening publications.
Answer: False
Explanation: After Gannett's acquisition in 1982, The Clarion-Ledger and the Jackson Daily News were merged into a single morning publication under The Clarion-Ledger masthead.
The Clarion-Ledger switched from mail delivery to carrier delivery in December 2023.
Answer: False
Explanation: Effective December 4, 2023, The Clarion-Ledger switched from carrier delivery to mail delivery via the U.S. Postal Service.
Gannett's acquisition led to a decrease in efforts to address the newspaper's segregationist legacy.
Answer: False
Explanation: Gannett's acquisition actually ramped up efforts to address the newspaper's segregationist legacy, leveraging its corporate commitment to diversity and minority coverage.
By 1991, The Clarion-Ledger had significantly fewer Black professionals in its newsroom compared to the national average.
Answer: False
Explanation: Contrary to the statement, by 1991, The Clarion-Ledger's newsroom featured a representation of Black professionals three times the national average, and it included one of the few Black managing editors in the United States.
The official ISSN for The Clarion-Ledger is 8674244.
Answer: False
Explanation: The International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) for The Clarion-Ledger is 0744-9526. The number 8674244 is its OCLC number.
The Clarion-Ledger's official website is located at www.clarionledger.com.
Answer: True
Explanation: The official website for The Clarion-Ledger is clarionledger.com.
Gannett also owns The Hattiesburg American newspaper in Mississippi.
Answer: True
Explanation: According to the text, Gannett, the owner of The Clarion-Ledger, also owns The Hattiesburg American newspaper in Mississippi.
The daily circulation of The Clarion-Ledger is reported to be higher than its Sunday circulation.
Answer: False
Explanation: The provided circulation figures indicate that the Sunday edition (16,422) has a higher circulation than the daily edition (15,500).
The Sunday edition of The Clarion-Ledger costs $3 within Mississippi.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that the Sunday edition of The Clarion-Ledger is priced at $3 within Mississippi.
Which media conglomerate currently owns The Clarion-Ledger?
Answer: Gannett
Explanation: The Clarion-Ledger is currently owned by Gannett, a major media conglomerate.
What is the physical format of The Clarion-Ledger newspaper?
Answer: Broadsheet
Explanation: The Clarion-Ledger is published in a broadsheet format, characterized by its large, traditional newspaper pages.
What major change did Gannett implement after acquiring The Clarion-Ledger and Jackson Daily News in 1982?
Answer: They were merged into a single morning publication under The Clarion-Ledger name.
Explanation: Following Gannett's acquisition in 1982, The Clarion-Ledger and the Jackson Daily News were merged into a single morning publication, operating under The Clarion-Ledger masthead.
What is the official International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) for The Clarion-Ledger?
Answer: 0744-9526
Explanation: The official International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) for The Clarion-Ledger is 0744-9526. The number 8674244 is its OCLC number.
As of the cited data, what were the approximate daily and Sunday circulation figures for The Clarion-Ledger?
Answer: Daily: 15,500; Sunday: 16,422
Explanation: The circulation figures provided indicate a daily circulation of 15,500 and a Sunday circulation of 16,422.
What does the term 'broadsheet' describe regarding The Clarion-Ledger?
Answer: A large-format, traditional newspaper style.
Explanation: The term 'broadsheet' refers to the large-format, traditional newspaper style in which The Clarion-Ledger is published.
By 1991, The Clarion-Ledger's newsroom had:
Answer: A representation of Black professionals three times the national average.
Explanation: By 1991, The Clarion-Ledger's newsroom achieved a significant milestone, employing Black professionals at a rate three times the national average and featuring one of the few Black managing editors in the United States.
What recent change (as of the source text's data) affected The Clarion-Ledger's newspaper delivery?
Answer: Switch from carrier delivery to U.S. Postal Service mail delivery.
Explanation: As of December 4, 2023, The Clarion-Ledger transitioned its newspaper delivery from a carrier-based system to mail delivery via the U.S. Postal Service.
Historically, The Clarion-Ledger demonstrably supported segregationist policies and the ideology of white supremacy.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material details the newspaper's historical alignment with segregationist policies and white supremacy, including its critical coverage of civil rights advancements and its use of racially charged language.
The Clarion-Ledger praised the 1890 Mississippi state constitution for expanding voting rights to all citizens.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Clarion-Ledger applauded the adoption of the 1890 Mississippi state constitution, which was designed to disenfranchise Black voters, not expand voting rights.
The nickname 'The Klan-Ledger' was used by some African-Americans to refer to the newspaper due to its perceived alignment with the Ku Klux Klan.
Answer: True
Explanation: Due to its virulent racism, some in the African-American community referred to the newspaper as "The Klan-Ledger," referencing the Ku Klux Klan.
When Byron De La Beckwith was arrested for Medgar Evers' murder, The Clarion-Ledger's headline emphasized his Mississippi roots.
Answer: False
Explanation: The headline used by The Clarion-Ledger upon Byron De La Beckwith's arrest for Medgar Evers' murder emphasized his Californian origin, stating 'Californian Is Charged With Murder Of Evers,' which downplayed his long-standing ties to Mississippi.
Rea S. Hederman initiated efforts to address the newspaper's historical civil rights record in the 1990s.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that Rea S. Hederman began efforts to address the newspaper's historical civil rights record in the mid-1970s, not the 1990s.
Under Rea S. Hederman, The Clarion-Ledger increased its coverage of issues relevant to the Black community.
Answer: True
Explanation: During Rea S. Hederman's tenure, the newspaper expanded its coverage of issues pertinent to the Black community and hired more Black staff members as part of an effort to improve its image and reporting.
Which of the following describes the historical racial stance of The Clarion-Ledger?
Answer: Actively supported white supremacy and segregation.
Explanation: Historically, The Clarion-Ledger openly supported white supremacy and segregationist policies, as detailed in the source material.
The nickname 'The Klan-Ledger' was applied to the newspaper because:
Answer: Its reporting was perceived as virulently racist, aligning with the KKK.
Explanation: The nickname 'The Klan-Ledger' was used by some African-Americans to reflect the newspaper's perceived alignment with the Ku Klux Klan due to its virulently racist reporting.
What was the focus of The Clarion-Ledger's headline regarding the arrest of Byron De La Beckwith for Medgar Evers' murder?
Answer: His status as a Californian.
Explanation: The headline emphasized Beckwith's origin, stating 'Californian Is Charged With Murder Of Evers,' which downplayed his significant ties to Mississippi.
The NAACP is mentioned in the context of which historical figure?
Answer: Medgar Evers
Explanation: The NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) is mentioned in relation to Medgar Evers, a prominent civil rights activist and field secretary for the NAACP in Mississippi.
What does the 1890 Mississippi constitution, applauded by The Clarion-Ledger, aim to do?
Answer: Disenfranchise Black voters.
Explanation: The 1890 Mississippi constitution, which The Clarion-Ledger applauded, was designed with provisions intended to disenfranchise Black voters, thereby limiting their participation in the electoral process.
What was the headline used by The Clarion-Ledger the day after the March on Washington?
Answer: "Washington is Clean Again with Negro Trash Removed"
Explanation: The day after the March on Washington in August 1963, The Clarion-Ledger published a headline stating, 'Washington is Clean Again with Negro Trash Removed,' reflecting its deeply racist perspective.
The Jackson Daily News attempted to intimidate the Mississippi State Bulldogs basketball team by:
Answer: Featuring pictures of the opposing team's African-American players.
Explanation: In 1963, The Jackson Daily News published photographs of the African-American players on the Loyola University Chicago basketball team, a tactic seemingly intended to intimidate the Mississippi State Bulldogs.
What does the term 'disenfranchise' mean in the context of the 1890 Mississippi constitution?
Answer: To deprive of the right to vote.
Explanation: In the context of the 1890 Mississippi constitution, 'disenfranchise' means to deprive individuals, specifically Black citizens in this instance, of their right to vote through various legal and procedural mechanisms.
The Clarion-Ledger won the Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Journalism in 1983.
Answer: False
Explanation: While The Clarion-Ledger did win a Pulitzer Prize in 1983, the award was for Public Service, recognizing its reporting on Mississippi's education system, not for Investigative Journalism.
The 1983 Pulitzer Prize awarded to The Clarion-Ledger recognized its reporting on issues within Mississippi's education system.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1983, The Clarion-Ledger was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service for its comprehensive reporting on issues within Mississippi's education system.
Which prestigious award did The Clarion-Ledger receive in 1983 for its work on Mississippi's education system?
Answer: The Pulitzer Prize for Public Service
Explanation: In 1983, The Clarion-Ledger was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service for its comprehensive reporting on issues within Mississippi's education system.
Which of the following best describes the role of an Executive Editor at a newspaper like The Clarion-Ledger?
Answer: The highest-ranking editorial official overseeing content.
Explanation: An Executive Editor typically holds the most senior editorial position within a newspaper, responsible for the overall direction, quality, and content of the publication.