Explanation: Burke asserted that the principles governing commerce were not arbitrary human constructs but rather reflections of natural and divine order, implying their inherent justice and immutability.

Explanation: While Burke equated commerce laws with natural and divine laws, he did acknowledge that specific exceptions might exist, indicating potential limits to state non-intervention.

Explanation: The memorandum's emphasis on minimal government intervention, market forces, and natural economic laws demonstrates an alignment with laissez-faire principles.

Explanation: Burke believed the laws of commerce were equivalent to the laws of nature and God, implying they were immutable and not easily altered by human legislation.

Explanation: Burke asserted that the laws of commerce are equivalent to the laws of nature and, consequently, the laws of God, implying their inherent order and justice.

Explanation: Equating the laws of commerce with the laws of nature and God implies that Burke viewed these economic principles as divinely ordained, immutable, and inherently just.

Explanation: Burke's views, emphasizing limited government intervention and adherence to market principles, align with laissez-faire principles often found within conservative economic thought.

Explanation: The core economic principle Burke advocates for is laissez-faire economics, characterized by minimal government intervention in the economy.

Explanation: The source text implies that Edmund Burke's economic philosophy favored limited government intervention, adherence to market principles, and the recognition of natural economic laws.

Explanation: The source material indicates that the memorandum was not originally presented to Arthur Young, but rather to William Pitt the Younger. Arthur Young is associated with an unfinished letter published alongside the memorandum.

Explanation: The memorandum *Thoughts and Details on Scarcity* was published posthumously in 1800, after Edmund Burke's death.

Explanation: The memorandum *Thoughts and Details on Scarcity* was published in 1800 alongside an unfinished letter Burke was composing to Arthur Young.

Explanation: The 'stub' classification indicates that the article is considered a short, potentially incomplete piece requiring further elaboration or content, rather than a comprehensive analysis.

Explanation: The memorandum *Thoughts and Details on Scarcity* was indeed written in November 1795, as indicated by its presentation to William Pitt the Younger.

Explanation: The Navbox in the source document serves as a navigational aid, linking to related articles and topics concerning Edmund Burke and his works, rather than solely displaying his biography.

Explanation: The posthumous publication of *Thoughts and Details on Scarcity* implies it was not widely circulated or discussed during Burke's final years, as it was released after his death.

Explanation: The full title of the memorandum is *Thoughts and Details on Scarcity, Originally Presented to the Right Hon. William Pitt, in the month of November, 1795*.

Explanation: The intended recipient of Edmund Burke's memorandum *Thoughts and Details on Scarcity* was William Pitt the Younger, the Prime Minister at the time.

Explanation: *Thoughts and Details on Scarcity* was published in the year 1800, which was posthumously.

Explanation: An unfinished letter that Burke was writing to Arthur Young was published alongside *Thoughts and Details on Scarcity* in 1800.

Explanation: The 'stub' classification indicates that the article is considered a brief, potentially incomplete piece that may require further elaboration or content.

Explanation: The Navbox entry 'Edmund Burke (Thomas statue)' likely refers to a statue of Edmund Burke, possibly created by an artist named Thomas, serving as a point of reference within the source document's structure.

Explanation: The inclusion of the 'Edmund Burke Stichting' in the Navbox suggests the existence of an organization dedicated to preserving and promoting Edmund Burke's legacy and works.

Explanation: The source material indicates that Burke's memorandum argued against the government holding primary responsibility for ensuring citizens' necessities, asserting that such provision falls outside the state's purview.

Explanation: Burke argued that the alleviation of suffering during difficult economic times should be managed through private charity, not state intervention.

Explanation: Burke argued that the State should not be responsible for managing the detailed allocation of resources during economic downturns, advocating instead for market mechanisms and private charity.

Explanation: Burke contended that corporations created by the State's fiat (decree) fall within the State's purview, as they owe their existence to it.

Explanation: Burke believed private charity was the superior and appropriate method for alleviating hardship, contrasting it with state intervention which he viewed as inappropriate.

Explanation: Burke considered the 'exterior establishment of its religion' to be within the State's purview, alongside other public matters like magistracy and revenue.

Explanation: Burke's view on the state's role, emphasizing limited intervention and reliance on private charity, is contrary to the principles of a comprehensive welfare state.

Explanation: Burke argued against the State managing all aspects of the economy, including setting prices; he advocated for market forces to determine prices.

Explanation: Burke's core argument was that the provision of citizens' necessities is not the government's responsibility; individuals should rely on other means, such as private charity.

Explanation: Burke asserted that private charity and benevolence were the appropriate mechanisms for alleviating suffering during difficult economic times, rather than state intervention.

Explanation: Burke stated that the primary focus of the State's responsibilities should be matters directly concerning the State itself or entities created by the State, such as public order and security.

Explanation: The 'exterior establishment of its religion' is mentioned as a specific area falling under the State's purview according to Burke.

Explanation: Burke differentiated by assigning the state responsibility for public order and governance, while designating private charity as the appropriate mechanism for addressing individual hardship and the provision of necessities.

Explanation: Burke's memorandum suggests a limited view of the social contract, wherein the state's primary function is to maintain public order and security, rather than actively managing economic welfare.

Explanation: Burke meant that the state's legitimate functions are limited to collective concerns and public matters, such as defense, justice, and the maintenance of the institutional framework, rather than private economic activities.

Explanation: Burke's memorandum explicitly treats labor as a commodity, meaning its value is determined by market forces rather than inherent rights or social obligations.

Explanation: Burke's characterization of labor as a commodity implies the opposite: that wages should be determined by market forces, not guaranteed by the state.

Explanation: Burke characterized labor as a commodity, implying its value is determined by market forces of supply and demand.

Explanation: Burke's characterization of labor as a commodity implies that he viewed its value as determined by supply and demand dynamics in the marketplace.

Explanation: Burke's view prioritizes market efficiency over social equity for workers, contrasting with later labor movements that emphasized workers' rights and collective bargaining.

Explanation: Samuel Whitbread's Bill, introduced in December 1795, aimed to empower magistrates to set minimum wages for agricultural laborers, a measure Burke opposed.

Explanation: Contrary to the assertion, Richard Cobden, a proponent of economic liberalism, actually praised Burke's tract, indicating its resonance with certain free-market advocates.

Explanation: Charles James Fox was indeed identified as Samuel Whitbread's parliamentary ally in the context of the bill concerning minimum wages for agricultural laborers.

Explanation: The term 'Whig MP' signifies that Edmund Burke belonged to the Whig Party, a distinct political faction from the Tory Party.

Explanation: The reference to Arthur Young, Secretary to the Board of Agriculture, suggests Burke's writing was primarily concerned with agricultural policy and the rural economy, not urban economic policy.

Explanation: Praise from figures like Richard Cobden, a prominent liberal reformer, suggests that Burke's economic arguments in *Thoughts and Details on Scarcity* resonated across different political lines, particularly among proponents of economic liberalization.

Explanation: Samuel Whitbread's Bill, which proposed empowering magistrates to set minimum wages for agricultural laborers, is identified as a likely prompt for Burke's memorandum.

Explanation: Richard Cobden was a Radical and Liberal Member of Parliament who praised Burke's tract, *Thoughts and Details on Scarcity*.

Explanation: Charles James Fox was identified as Samuel Whitbread's parliamentary ally in relation to the minimum wage bill.

Explanation: Samuel Whitbread introduced his Bill concerning minimum wages for agricultural laborers on December 9, 1795.

Explanation: Arthur Young's role as Secretary to the Board of Agriculture suggests that Burke's writing was relevant to agricultural policy and the economic conditions of the rural sector.