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Study Guide: The Genus Trimma: Taxonomy, Distribution, and Species Diversity

Cheat Sheet:
The Genus Trimma: Taxonomy, Distribution, and Species Diversity Study Guide

General Taxonomy and Characteristics

The genus *Trimma* is exclusively known as pygmygobies, thereby distinguishing it from all other small fish genera.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source indicates that *Trimma* species are commonly known as pygmygobies or dwarfgobies, a designation they share with members of the genus *Eviota*, thus not exclusively distinguishing them from all other small fish genera.

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*Trimma* is classified within the Kingdom Fungi, implying its biological categorization as a fungal organism.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source clearly classifies the genus *Trimma* under the Kingdom Animalia, not Fungi.

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The Phylum Chordata encompasses the genus *Trimma*, alongside all vertebrates and their invertebrate relatives.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source confirms that *Trimma* belongs to the Phylum Chordata, a group that includes all vertebrates and certain invertebrate taxa.

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*Trimma* is classified within the Class Chondrichthyes, which includes cartilaginous fishes such as sharks and rays.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source indicates that the genus *Trimma* is part of the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes), not Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes).

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The Order Gobiiformes encompasses *Trimma*, a classification characterized by the typically small size and benthic lifestyles of its members.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source confirms that *Trimma* is classified under the Order Gobiiformes, an order known for its typically small, benthic ray-finned fish.

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The genus *Trimma* is a member of the Family Cichlidae, a large and diverse family primarily composed of freshwater fish.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source states that the genus *Trimma* belongs to the Family Gobiidae, not Cichlidae.

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The genus *Trimma* currently comprises 50 recognized species.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source states that there are currently 111 recognized species within the genus *Trimma*, not 50.

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Which of the following represents a common name for fish species classified under the genus *Trimma*?

Answer: Pygmygobies

Explanation: The source identifies pygmygobies and dwarfgobies as common names for fish belonging to the genus *Trimma*.

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At which Kingdom level is the genus *Trimma* taxonomically categorized?

Answer: Animalia

Explanation: The source classifies the genus *Trimma* under the Kingdom Animalia.

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Which Phylum encompasses the genus *Trimma*?

Answer: Chordata

Explanation: The source states that *Trimma* belongs to the Phylum Chordata.

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To which Class is the genus *Trimma* assigned?

Answer: Actinopterygii

Explanation: The source indicates that the genus *Trimma* is part of the Class Actinopterygii.

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What is the Order classification for the genus *Trimma*?

Answer: Gobiiformes

Explanation: The source classifies *Trimma* under the Order Gobiiformes.

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To which Family of fish does the genus *Trimma* belong?

Answer: Gobiidae

Explanation: The source states that the genus *Trimma* belongs to the Family Gobiidae.

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What is the current number of recognized species within the genus *Trimma*?

Answer: 111

Explanation: The source states that there are currently 111 recognized species within the genus *Trimma*.

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Discovery and Foundational Species

The genus *Trimma* received its formal scientific recognition in 1906, attributed to D. S. Jordan and Seale.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source explicitly states that the genus *Trimma* was originally described by D. S. Jordan and Seale in 1906.

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*Trimma gigantum* is designated as the type species for the genus *Trimma*, having been described by Jordan and Seale in 1906.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source identifies *Trimma caesiura* as the type species for the genus *Trimma*, not *Trimma gigantum*. Both were described by Jordan and Seale in 1906.

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Who is credited with the original scientific description of the genus *Trimma*?

Answer: D. S. Jordan and Seale

Explanation: The source indicates that the genus *Trimma* was originally described by D. S. Jordan and Seale in 1906.

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Which species is formally designated as the type species for the genus *Trimma*?

Answer: Trimma caesiura

Explanation: The source identifies *Trimma caesiura* as the type species for the genus *Trimma*.

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Geographical Distribution

Species within the genus *Trimma* are predominantly found in the Atlantic Ocean, with a limited distribution extending into the Indian Ocean.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source states that *Trimma* species are native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans, not the Atlantic Ocean.

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To which two primary oceanic regions is the genus *Trimma* indigenous?

Answer: Indian and Pacific Oceans

Explanation: The source states that fish species belonging to the genus *Trimma* are native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

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Specific Species: Imagery and Morphology

A male *Trimma gigantum* is depicted in an image originating from Fam Island, Raja Ampat.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source material includes an image of a male *Trimma gigantum* from Fam Island, Raja Ampat.

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An image from Babeldaob Island, Palau, displays a male *Trimma habrum* measuring 24 mm.

Answer: False

Explanation: The image from Babeldaob Island, Palau, actually features a male *Trimma caesiura* measuring 24 mm, while a male *Trimma habrum* (16.8 mm) is shown from Penemu Island, Raja Ampat.

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An image from Rabaul depicts a female *Trimma caudomaculatum*, measuring 21.5 mm.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source material includes an image depicting a female *Trimma caudomaculatum*, measuring 21.5 mm, from Rabaul.

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An image from Penemu Island, Raja Ampat, displays a male *Trimma lantana*.

Answer: False

Explanation: The image from Penemu Island, Raja Ampat, actually shows a male *Trimma habrum*, while a male *Trimma lantana* is depicted in an image from Helen Reef, Palau.

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An image from Helen Reef, Palau, features a male *Trimma lantana*, measuring 22.6 mm.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source material displays an image of a male *Trimma lantana*, measuring 22.6 mm, from Helen Reef, Palau.

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An image from Kepotsol Island, Raja Ampat, depicts a male *Trimma nasa*.

Answer: False

Explanation: The image from Kepotsol Island, Raja Ampat, actually shows a female *Trimma nasa*, not a male.

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An image from Nha Trang, Vietnam, features a female *Trimma naudei*, measuring 23.3 mm.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source material features an image of a female *Trimma naudei*, measuring 23.3 mm, from Nha Trang, Vietnam.

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The image identified as 'OkinawaBHZ.jpg' portrays *Trimma okinawae*.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source material includes an image showing *Trimma okinawae*, which is labeled 'OkinawaBHZ.jpg'.

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An image from Koror, Palau, displays a male *Trimma tevegae*, measuring 22.5 mm.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source material displays an image of a male *Trimma tevegae*, measuring 22.5 mm, from Koror, Palau.

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Which species of *Trimma* is featured in an image from Fam Island, Raja Ampat?

Answer: Trimma gigantum

Explanation: The source material includes an image of a male *Trimma gigantum* from Fam Island, Raja Ampat.

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An image from Babeldaob Island, Palau, displays which *Trimma* species, measuring 24 mm?

Answer: Trimma caesiura

Explanation: The source material features an image of a male *Trimma caesiura*, measuring 24 mm, from Babeldaob Island, Palau.

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From which geographical location is an image depicting a female *Trimma caudomaculatum*, measuring 21.5 mm, derived?

Answer: Rabaul

Explanation: The source material includes an image depicting a female *Trimma caudomaculatum*, measuring 21.5 mm, from Rabaul.

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An image from Penemu Island, Raja Ampat, features which *Trimma* species, measuring 16.8 mm?

Answer: Trimma habrum

Explanation: The source material presents an image of a male *Trimma habrum*, measuring 16.8 mm, from Penemu Island, Raja Ampat.

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Which *Trimma* species, a male measuring 22.6 mm, is depicted in an image from Helen Reef, Palau?

Answer: Trimma lantana

Explanation: The source material displays an image of a male *Trimma lantana*, measuring 22.6 mm, from Helen Reef, Palau.

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From which location is an image depicting a female *Trimma nasa*, measuring 19.5 mm, derived?

Answer: Kepotsol Island, Raja Ampat

Explanation: The source material includes an image of a female *Trimma nasa*, measuring 19.5 mm, from Kepotsol Island, Raja Ampat.

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An image from Nha Trang, Vietnam, features which *Trimma* species, a female measuring 23.3 mm?

Answer: Trimma naudei

Explanation: The source material features an image of a female *Trimma naudei*, measuring 23.3 mm, from Nha Trang, Vietnam.

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Which species of *Trimma* is depicted in the image identified as 'OkinawaBHZ.jpg'?

Answer: Trimma okinawae

Explanation: The source material includes an image showing *Trimma okinawae*, which is labeled 'OkinawaBHZ.jpg'.

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From which location is an image depicting a male *Trimma tevegae*, measuring 22.5 mm, derived?

Answer: Koror, Palau

Explanation: The source material displays an image of a male *Trimma tevegae*, measuring 22.5 mm, from Koror, Palau.

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Specific Species: Description and Nomenclature

*Trimma abyssum*, commonly known as the Deep-reef pygmygoby, was described by R. Winterbottom in 2015.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source states that *Trimma abyssum* was described by G. R. Allen in 2015, not R. Winterbottom. R. Winterbottom described *Trimma bathum* in 2017, which also shares the common name Deep-reef pygmygoby.

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*Trimma agrena*, commonly known as the Fishnet pygmygoby, was described by R. Winterbottom and I. S. Chen in 2004.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source confirms that *Trimma agrena*, or the Fishnet pygmygoby, was described by R. Winterbottom and I. S. Chen in 2004.

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*Trimma anaima*, commonly known as the Sharp-eye pygmygoby, was described in 2003.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source indicates that *Trimma anaima* was described by R. Winterbottom in 2000, not 2003. *Trimma annosum* was described in 2003.

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R. Winterbottom described *Trimma annosum*, which is also known as the Grey-bearded pygmygoby.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source confirms that *Trimma annosum*, or the Grey-bearded pygmygoby, was described by R. Winterbottom in 2003.

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*Trimma anthrenum* is commonly known as the Spotted red-lined pygmygoby.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source identifies *Trimma anthrenum* as the Honey-bee pygmygoby, while *Trimma capostriatum* is known as the Spotted red-lined pygmygoby.

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Aturiri's pygmygoby (*Trimma aturirii*) was described by R. Winterbottom, Erdmann, and Cahyani in 2015.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source confirms that *Trimma aturirii*, known as Aturiri's pygmygoby, was described by R. Winterbottom, Erdmann, and Cahyani in 2015.

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*Trimma avidori*, also known as Avidor's pygmygoby, was described by Goren in 1995.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source states that *Trimma avidori* was described by Goren in 1978, not 1995.

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Barrall's pygmygoby (*Trimma barralli*) was described by R. Winterbottom in 1995.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source confirms that *Trimma barralli*, known as Barrall's pygmygoby, was described by R. Winterbottom in 1995.

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*Trimma bathum*, also known as the Deep-reef pygmygoby, was described by G. R. Allen in 2017.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source states that *Trimma bathum* was described by R. Winterbottom in 2017, not G. R. Allen. G. R. Allen described *Trimma abyssum* in 2015, which also shares the common name Deep-reef pygmygoby.

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The Ring-eye pygmygoby (*Trimma benjamini*) was described in 1996 by R. Winterbottom.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source confirms that *Trimma benjamini*, also known as the Ring-eye pygmygoby, was described by R. Winterbottom in 1996.

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*Trimma bisella*, commonly known as the Two-saddle pygmygoby, was described by R. Winterbottom in 2000.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source confirms that *Trimma bisella*, or the Two-saddle pygmygoby, was described by R. Winterbottom in 2000.

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Who formally described *Trimma abyssum*, also known as the Deep-reef pygmygoby?

Answer: G. R. Allen in 2015

Explanation: The source states that *Trimma abyssum* was described by G. R. Allen in 2015.

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What is the common name associated with *Trimma agrena*, a species described by R. Winterbottom and I. S. Chen in 2004?

Answer: Fishnet pygmygoby

Explanation: The source identifies *Trimma agrena* as the Fishnet pygmygoby.

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In which year was *Trimma anaima*, commonly known as the Sharp-eye pygmygoby, formally described?

Answer: 2000

Explanation: The source states that *Trimma anaima* was described by R. Winterbottom in 2000.

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Who are credited as the describers of *Trimma aturirii*, also known as Aturiri's pygmygoby?

Answer: R. Winterbottom, Erdmann, and Cahyani in 2015

Explanation: The source indicates that *Trimma aturirii* was described by R. Winterbottom, Erdmann, and Cahyani in 2015.

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Goren described *Trimma avidori* in 1978. What is the common name associated with this species?

Answer: Avidor's pygmygoby

Explanation: The source identifies *Trimma avidori* as Avidor's pygmygoby.

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In which year was Barrall's pygmygoby (*Trimma barralli*) described by R. Winterbottom?

Answer: 1995

Explanation: The source states that *Trimma barralli* was described by R. Winterbottom in 1995.

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Who formally described *Trimma bathum*, also known as the Deep-reef pygmygoby?

Answer: R. Winterbottom in 2017

Explanation: The source indicates that *Trimma bathum* was described by R. Winterbottom in 2017.

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What is the common name associated with *Trimma benjamini*, a species described by R. Winterbottom in 1996?

Answer: Ring-eye pygmygoby

Explanation: The source identifies *Trimma benjamini* as the Ring-eye pygmygoby.

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R. Winterbottom described *Trimma bisella* in 2000. What is the common name associated with this species?

Answer: Two-saddle pygmygoby

Explanation: The source identifies *Trimma bisella* as the Two-saddle pygmygoby.

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