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Tropical Storm Frances was the first named storm of the 1998 Atlantic hurricane season.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1998 Atlantic hurricane season had six named storms prior to Tropical Storm Frances, which was the sixth named storm and sixth tropical cyclone of the season, forming on September 8, 1998.
Tropical Storm Frances formed on September 4, 1998.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances formed on September 8, 1998, not September 4.
What was Tropical Storm Frances's position within the 1998 Atlantic hurricane season?
Answer: The sixth tropical cyclone and sixth named storm.
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances was the sixth tropical cyclone and the sixth named storm of the 1998 Atlantic hurricane season.
When did Tropical Storm Frances officially form as a tropical cyclone?
Answer: September 8, 1998
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances officially formed as a tropical cyclone on September 8, 1998.
Tropical Storm Frances originated from a low-pressure system that formed over the eastern Atlantic Ocean.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances developed from a low-pressure area that formed in the Gulf of Mexico, not the eastern Atlantic Ocean.
The storm reached its peak intensity with sustained winds of 75 mph.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances reached its peak intensity with sustained winds of 65 mph (100 km/h).
Tropical Storm Frances was considered an exceptionally small storm compared to systems in other ocean basins.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Tropical Storm Frances was considered large for the Atlantic basin, it was of average size when compared to tropical cyclones typically observed in the western Pacific Ocean.
The storm's lowest recorded pressure was 990 mbar.
Answer: True
Explanation: The lowest recorded atmospheric pressure for Tropical Storm Frances was 990 mbar (29.23 inHg).
Frances was classified as a Category 1 hurricane at landfall.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances made landfall as a tropical storm, not a Category 1 hurricane.
From which body of water did the system that became Tropical Storm Frances primarily develop?
Answer: The Gulf of Mexico.
Explanation: The system that developed into Tropical Storm Frances primarily originated and organized within the Gulf of Mexico.
What was the maximum sustained wind speed achieved by Tropical Storm Frances?
Answer: 65 mph (100 km/h)
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances reached a peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (100 km/h).
How did Tropical Storm Frances's size compare to typical systems in the western Pacific Ocean?
Answer: It was considered average-sized.
Explanation: While Tropical Storm Frances was considered large for the Atlantic basin, it was of average size when compared to tropical cyclones typically observed in the western Pacific Ocean.
What was the lowest atmospheric pressure recorded for Tropical Storm Frances?
Answer: 990 mbar (29.23 inHg)
Explanation: The lowest atmospheric pressure recorded for Tropical Storm Frances was 990 mbar (29.23 inHg).
How did the initial structure of the depression that became Frances resemble other weather systems?
Answer: It resembled a monsoon depression due to its large size and lack of a well-defined center.
Explanation: Due to its large size and lack of a well-defined center upon formation, the depression that became Tropical Storm Frances initially resembled a monsoon depression, a system commonly observed in other ocean basins.
What factor contributed to Frances strengthening in the Gulf of Mexico?
Answer: Warm sea surface temperatures and weak vertical wind shear.
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances strengthened in the Gulf of Mexico due to favorable conditions, including warm sea surface temperatures reaching 30°C (86°F) and weak vertical wind shear.
Frances made landfall in the United States near New Orleans, Louisiana.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances made landfall near Corpus Christi, Texas, not New Orleans, Louisiana.
The primary cause of damage attributed to Tropical Storm Frances in the United States was high winds.
Answer: False
Explanation: The extensive damage caused by Tropical Storm Frances in the United States was primarily attributed to widespread flooding, rather than high winds.
Federal disaster declarations were issued for Texas and Louisiana due to Tropical Storm Frances.
Answer: True
Explanation: Federal disaster declarations were indeed issued for both Texas and Louisiana in response to the damage caused by Tropical Storm Frances.
The total estimated damage caused by Tropical Storm Frances in the United States was less than $100 million.
Answer: False
Explanation: The total estimated damage attributed to Tropical Storm Frances in the United States was $500 million, with the majority of the damage stemming from flooding.
Only one direct fatality was associated with Tropical Storm Frances.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances was associated with one direct death and one indirect death in the United States.
Frances made landfall in Texas with peak sustained winds of 65 mph.
Answer: True
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances made landfall near Corpus Christi, Texas, with peak sustained winds of 65 mph (105 km/h).
The rainfall in southwest Louisiana, exceeding 10 inches, exacerbated drought conditions.
Answer: False
Explanation: The significant rainfall from Tropical Storm Frances across southwest Louisiana helped to alleviate existing drought conditions.
A storm surge of 5.1 feet was recorded in Cameron, Louisiana.
Answer: True
Explanation: A storm surge of 5.1 feet (1.6 m) was indeed recorded in Cameron, Louisiana.
Tropical Storm Frances produced at least ten tornadoes across Texas.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances produced three tornadoes across Texas, not at least ten.
The storm surge in Louisiana caused significant damage, including submerging Grand Isle.
Answer: True
Explanation: The storm surge in Louisiana was significant, causing damage such as submerging Grand Isle and sweeping away houses and a fishing pier.
The peak rainfall total in the Houston metropolitan area was just under 5 inches.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Houston metropolitan area received a peak rainfall total of 21.46 inches (545 mm) from Tropical Storm Frances, significantly more than just under 5 inches.
Flooding caused by Frances disrupted barge traffic at the Phillips Petroleum facility.
Answer: True
Explanation: Flooding resulting from Tropical Storm Frances did indeed disrupt barge traffic at the Phillips Petroleum facility.
Sabine Pass, Texas, was cut off from the mainland for approximately one month.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sabine Pass, Texas, was cut off from the mainland for approximately one week, not one month.
The storm surge at the Matagorda Locks in Texas was measured at 5.4 feet.
Answer: False
Explanation: The storm surge measured at the Matagorda Locks in Texas was 8 feet (2.4 m), while a surge of 5.4 feet (1.6 m) was recorded at Sabine Pass, Texas.
What was the estimated total damage caused by Tropical Storm Frances in the United States?
Answer: $500 million
Explanation: The estimated total damage caused by Tropical Storm Frances in the United States was $500 million, primarily due to flooding.
Which U.S. states were granted federal disaster declarations as a result of Tropical Storm Frances?
Answer: Texas and Louisiana
Explanation: Federal disaster declarations were issued for the states of Texas and Louisiana in response to the damage caused by Tropical Storm Frances.
What was the primary factor contributing to the extensive damage caused by Tropical Storm Frances in the United States?
Answer: Widespread and significant flooding.
Explanation: The extensive damage caused by Tropical Storm Frances in the United States was primarily attributed to widespread and significant flooding.
Where did Tropical Storm Frances make landfall in the United States?
Answer: Near Corpus Christi, Texas
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances made landfall in the United States near Corpus Christi, Texas.
How many direct fatalities were directly attributed to Tropical Storm Frances in the US?
Answer: One
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances was associated with one direct fatality and one indirect fatality in the United States.
What was the effect of the rainfall in Louisiana on drought conditions?
Answer: It helped to alleviate the drought conditions.
Explanation: The significant rainfall from Tropical Storm Frances across southwest Louisiana helped to alleviate existing drought conditions in the region.
Which of the following was NOT directly impacted by the storm surge in Louisiana according to the source?
Answer: The city of New Orleans
Explanation: While storm surge impacted houses, a fishing pier, and submerged Grand Isle, the city of New Orleans was not directly impacted by the storm surge according to the provided information.
How many tornadoes were reported in Louisiana due to Tropical Storm Frances?
Answer: At least 8
Explanation: At least eight tornadoes were reported in Louisiana due to Tropical Storm Frances, with seven specifically touching down across the Acadiana region.
What was the measured storm surge height at Sabine Pass, Texas?
Answer: 5.4 feet (1.6 m)
Explanation: A storm surge of 5.4 feet (1.6 m) was measured at Sabine Pass, Texas.
How many tornadoes touched down in Texas during Tropical Storm Frances?
Answer: Three
Explanation: Three tornadoes touched down across Texas as a result of Tropical Storm Frances, specifically near Caney Creek, La Porte, and Galveston.
What was the condition of Grand Isle, Louisiana, after the storm surge?
Answer: It was submerged.
Explanation: Grand Isle, Louisiana, was submerged by the storm surge associated with Tropical Storm Frances.
Which of the following areas was NOT mentioned as being directly affected by Tropical Storm Frances's impacts (rainfall, flooding, surge)?
Answer: Florida
Explanation: While Texas, western Louisiana, and southeastern Mexico were significantly impacted by Tropical Storm Frances, Florida was not mentioned as being directly affected by the storm's primary impacts in the provided data.
What was the impact of flooding on major highways in the Houston area?
Answer: Several highways were washed out, stranding motorists.
Explanation: The flooding caused by Tropical Storm Frances resulted in several major highways in Houston being washed out, which led to numerous motorists being stranded.
The interaction between Frances and Pacific Tropical Storm Javier caused significant rainfall in southeastern Mexico.
Answer: True
Explanation: The interaction between Tropical Storm Frances and moisture from Pacific Tropical Storm Javier led to torrential rainfall in southeastern Mexico.
The flooding in southeastern Mexico resulted in minimal damage and no reported fatalities.
Answer: False
Explanation: The heavy rainfall and subsequent flooding in southeastern Mexico caused significant damage, estimated at $63 million, and resulted in a substantial death toll, with reports indicating at least 229 fatalities and some estimates suggesting over 1000 killed or missing.
The rainfall total of 44.06 inches at Escuintla, Chiapas, was the lowest recorded rainfall in that state related to a tropical cyclone between 1981 and 2010.
Answer: False
Explanation: The rainfall total of 44.06 inches (1,119 mm) at Escuintla, Chiapas, was the highest recorded rainfall in that state related to a tropical cyclone between 1981 and 2010.
The flooding in Chiapas was considered Mexico's worst natural disaster since the 1985 Mexico City earthquake.
Answer: True
Explanation: The flooding in Chiapas was described as Mexico's worst natural disaster since the 1985 Mexico City earthquake, affecting approximately 800,000 people.
Which region experienced the most severe flooding and highest death toll directly linked to the interaction of Frances and Javier?
Answer: Southeastern Mexico
Explanation: The interaction between Tropical Storm Frances and Pacific Tropical Storm Javier resulted in severe flooding and the highest death toll in southeastern Mexico.
What was the highest rainfall total recorded in Mexico due to the interaction of Frances and Javier?
Answer: 44.06 inches (1,119 mm)
Explanation: The highest rainfall total recorded in Mexico due to the interaction of Tropical Storm Frances and Tropical Storm Javier was 44.06 inches (1,119 mm) at Escuintla, Chiapas.
What was the approximate damage cost in Mexico due to the flooding from Frances and Javier?
Answer: $63 million
Explanation: The flooding in Mexico caused by the interaction of Tropical Storm Frances and Tropical Storm Javier resulted in approximately $63 million in damage.
Which specific highway along the Pacific coast of Mexico suffered damage that interrupted travel?
Answer: Mexican Federal Highway 200
Explanation: Mexican Federal Highway 200, which runs along the Pacific coast, sustained damage due to the storm, interrupting travel for several weeks.
What was the significance of the rainfall in Escuintla, Chiapas, related to tropical cyclones?
Answer: It was the highest rainfall recorded in the state from a tropical cyclone between 1981-2010.
Explanation: The rainfall total of 44.06 inches (1,119 mm) at Escuintla, Chiapas, represented the highest recorded rainfall in that state from a tropical cyclone between 1981 and 2010.
Tropical Storm Frances dissipated over the Gulf of Mexico on September 10, 1998.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tropical Storm Frances dissipated as a tropical cyclone on September 13, 1998, after moving inland. Its remnant low continued northeastward.
After landfall, the storm quickly dissipated over eastern Texas.
Answer: False
Explanation: After making landfall, the storm weakened but executed a loop before turning north, and it did not dissipate quickly over eastern Texas.
The remnant low of Frances dissipated immediately after the storm weakened inland.
Answer: False
Explanation: The remnant low of Frances persisted for another day, becoming a frontal wave over Iowa before moving into the North Atlantic.
The remnant low of Frances eventually became part of a frontal wave over the Great Lakes.
Answer: True
Explanation: The remnant low of Tropical Storm Frances evolved into a frontal wave over Iowa and subsequently moved across the Great Lakes region.
What happened to the remnant low of Tropical Storm Frances after it moved inland?
Answer: It became a frontal wave over Iowa and moved towards the North Atlantic.
Explanation: Following its dissipation as a tropical cyclone, the remnant low of Tropical Storm Frances persisted, evolving into a frontal wave over Iowa. This system subsequently traversed the Great Lakes and New England regions before moving into the North Atlantic.