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The Turner Prize was established in 1984 to recognize achievements across all media in visual arts.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the Turner Prize was established in 1984 with the aim of recognizing and promoting contemporary British visual art across all media.
J.M.W. Turner was chosen as the namesake for the prize because he was a renowned art critic of his time.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that J.M.W. Turner was chosen as the namesake because he was a celebrated English painter whose work was considered controversial in his time, not because he was an art critic.
Conceptual art is not strongly associated with the Turner Prize's history.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that the Turner Prize's identity is closely tied to conceptual art, citing early nominations such as Art & Language and Terry Atkinson as evidence of this association.
What is the primary purpose of the Turner Prize?
Answer: To recognize and promote contemporary British visual art.
Explanation: The Turner Prize is an annual award established to recognize and promote contemporary British visual art, celebrating achievements across various media.
Why was the prize named after J.M.W. Turner?
Answer: His work was considered controversial, reflecting the prize's nature.
Explanation: The prize is named after J.M.W. Turner, an English painter, chosen because his own work was considered controversial during his active period, mirroring the often debated nature of the Turner Prize nominees and winners.
Which art movement is strongly associated with the Turner Prize's history?
Answer: Conceptual art
Explanation: The source states that the Turner Prize's identity is closely tied to conceptual art, evidenced by early nominations such as Art & Language and Terry Atkinson.
The Turner Prize ceremony always takes place at Tate Britain in London.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that while the Turner Prize ceremony is often held at Tate Britain in London, it also takes place at various venues outside London in alternate years, such as Derry in 2013.
As of 2004, the monetary award for the Turner Prize winner was £25,000, with other shortlisted artists receiving £5,000.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that as of 2004, the total prize money was £40,000, with the winner receiving £25,000 and the other shortlisted artists each receiving £5,000.
The cancellation of the Turner Prize in 1990 was due to the withdrawal of sponsorship from Channel 4.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the prize was cancelled in 1990 due to the withdrawal of sponsorship from Drexel Burnham Lambert, before Channel 4 became a sponsor in 1991.
Channel 4's involvement began in 1990, significantly increasing the prize money and broadcasting the event.
Answer: False
Explanation: Channel 4's involvement began in 1991, not 1990. Their sponsorship did significantly increase the prize money and support the event through broadcasts and documentaries.
The 2013 Turner Prize was the first time the award ceremony took place outside England, specifically in Derry, Northern Ireland.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the 2013 Turner Prize ceremony was held in Derry, Northern Ireland, marking the first occasion the award ceremony took place outside of England.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 Turner Prize was replaced by a bursary scheme for ten artists.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the traditional Turner Prize award was replaced in 2020 by a bursary scheme for ten artists due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
How often does the Turner Prize ceremony take place at venues outside London?
Answer: Every alternate year.
Explanation: The source states that the Turner Prize ceremony is awarded at Tate Britain in London every other year, meaning it takes place at venues outside London in alternate years.
What was the total prize money for the Turner Prize as of 2004, and how was it typically distributed?
Answer: £40,000 total; winner gets £25,000, others £5,000.
Explanation: As of 2004, the total monetary award for the Turner Prize was £40,000, with the winner typically receiving £25,000 and the other shortlisted artists each receiving £5,000.
What event led to the cancellation of the Turner Prize in 1990?
Answer: The withdrawal of sponsorship from Drexel Burnham Lambert.
Explanation: The source indicates that the withdrawal of sponsorship from Drexel Burnham Lambert led to the cancellation of the Turner Prize in 1990.
What significant role did Channel 4 play when it became a sponsor in 1991?
Answer: It introduced the age limit and increased the prize money.
Explanation: Channel 4's sponsorship, beginning in 1991, led to an increase in prize money and the introduction of an age limit for eligibility, alongside supporting broadcasts and documentaries.
In which city, outside of London, was the Turner Prize held in 2013 as part of UK City of Culture celebrations?
Answer: Derry
Explanation: The 2013 Turner Prize was held in Derry, Northern Ireland, as part of the UK City of Culture celebrations, marking its first ceremony outside England.
What replaced the traditional Turner Prize award in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic?
Answer: A bursary scheme for ten artists.
Explanation: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the traditional Turner Prize award was replaced in 2020 by a bursary scheme, providing financial support to ten artists.
The Young British Artists (YBAs) movement gained public recognition largely independent of the Turner Prize.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source suggests that the media success of the Turner Prize coincided with and significantly boosted the public recognition of the Young British Artists (YBAs) movement, with several YBA artists being nominated for and winning the prize.
Wolfgang Tillmans was the first British artist to win the Turner Prize using photography.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source identifies Wolfgang Tillmans as the first non-British artist to win the Turner Prize in 2000, not the first British artist using photography.
Malcolm Morley won the inaugural Turner Prize in 1984 for his sculptures.
Answer: False
Explanation: Malcolm Morley won the inaugural Turner Prize in 1984 for his oil paintings, not sculptures.
The controversy surrounding Malcolm Morley's 1984 win was due to his use of controversial materials in his paintings.
Answer: False
Explanation: The controversy surrounding Malcolm Morley's 1984 win stemmed from his long-term residence in New York, leading to questions about his eligibility as a 'British' artist, rather than the materials used in his paintings.
Rachel Whiteread won both the Turner Prize and the 'Anti-Turner Prize' in 1993.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Rachel Whiteread won the Turner Prize in 1993 for her sculpture 'House' and also received the 'Anti-Turner Prize' from the K Foundation in the same year.
Rachel Whiteread donated the entire £40,000 from the 'Anti-Turner Prize' to the housing charity Shelter.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that Rachel Whiteread donated £30,000 to artists and £10,000 to the housing charity Shelter from the 'Anti-Turner Prize' funds, not the entire amount to Shelter.
The 1997 Turner Prize featured an all-male shortlist for the first time in the prize's history.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the 1997 Turner Prize featured the only all-female shortlist in the prize's history, not an all-male one.
Chris Ofili's 1998 win was controversial due to his use of elephant dung in his paintings.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Chris Ofili's 1998 Turner Prize win was controversial due to his incorporation of elephant dung into his paintings, which drew significant media attention and protests.
Chris Ofili was the first painter to win the Turner Prize in twelve years when he won in 1998.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Chris Ofili's 1998 win marked the first time in twelve years that a painter had received the award, highlighting a shift in focus towards other media in preceding years.
Tracey Emin's 1999 exhibit, 'My Bed,' was praised for its minimalist aesthetic and tidiness.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source describes Tracey Emin's 1999 exhibit, 'My Bed,' as consisting of a dishevelled bed surrounded by personal items, which generated considerable discussion and controversy, contrary to being praised for minimalism and tidiness.
Susan Philipsz won the 2010 Turner Prize for a purely visual installation.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that Susan Philipsz won the 2010 Turner Prize for a purely aural work, an installation featuring her singing, which was the first time an artist won with an audio-only piece.
In 2019, the four shortlisted artists jointly won the Turner Prize after requesting to be considered individually.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that in 2019, the four shortlisted artists jointly won the prize after requesting to be considered as a collective group, not individually.
The 2021 Turner Prize shortlist was notable for featuring only solo male artists.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the 2021 Turner Prize shortlist was notable for being composed entirely of artist collectives, not solo male artists.
Which of the following is cited as a controversial artwork exhibited for the Turner Prize?
Answer: Damien Hirst's shark in formaldehyde
Explanation: Damien Hirst's shark in formaldehyde, titled 'The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living,' is cited as a notable controversial artwork exhibited for the Turner Prize.
Who was the first non-British artist to win the Turner Prize?
Answer: Wolfgang Tillmans
Explanation: Wolfgang Tillmans, a photographer, was the first non-British artist to win the Turner Prize in 2000.
What was the primary controversy surrounding Malcolm Morley's win of the inaugural Turner Prize in 1984?
Answer: He was living in New York, raising questions about his 'British' eligibility.
Explanation: The controversy surrounding Malcolm Morley's 1984 win stemmed from his long-term residence in New York, leading to questions about his eligibility as a 'British' artist for the prize.
Which artist won the Turner Prize in 1993 for their concrete cast sculpture 'House'?
Answer: Rachel Whiteread
Explanation: Rachel Whiteread won the Turner Prize in 1993 for her concrete cast sculpture titled 'House'.
How did Rachel Whiteread utilize the funds from the 'Anti-Turner Prize'?
Answer: She donated £30,000 to artists and £10,000 to a housing charity.
Explanation: Rachel Whiteread accepted the 'Anti-Turner Prize' funds and donated £30,000 to artists in financial need and £10,000 to the housing charity Shelter.
What was unique about the 1997 Turner Prize shortlist?
Answer: It featured the only all-female shortlist in the prize's history.
Explanation: The source highlights that the 1997 Turner Prize shortlist was unique as it was the only all-female shortlist in the prize's history.
Chris Ofili's 1998 win was notable for two reasons mentioned in the source. What were they?
Answer: He was the first Black artist and the first painter in 12 years to win.
Explanation: Chris Ofili's 1998 win was notable as he was the first Black artist to win the prize and also the first painter to receive the award in twelve years.
Tracey Emin's 1999 Turner Prize exhibit, 'My Bed,' generated controversy primarily due to:
Answer: Its intimate and dishevelled personal nature.
Explanation: Tracey Emin's 1999 exhibit, 'My Bed,' generated controversy primarily due to its intimate, dishevelled personal nature, featuring a bed surrounded by personal items.
What made Susan Philipsz's 2010 winning entry unique?
Answer: It was the first purely aural work to win the prize.
Explanation: Susan Philipsz's 2010 winning entry was unique as it was the first purely aural work, an installation featuring her singing, to win the prize.
What was unique about the 2021 Turner Prize shortlist?
Answer: It was composed entirely of artist collectives.
Explanation: The source notes that the 2021 Turner Prize shortlist was unique as it was composed entirely of artist collectives.
The 2018 Turner Prize shortlist was unique because all four nominated artists were primarily known for what medium?
Answer: Video art
Explanation: The source indicates that the 2018 Turner Prize shortlist was unique as all four nominated artists were primarily known for their work in video art.
The media generally ignores the Turner Prize, rarely questioning the nature of the nominated artworks.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the media gives intense attention to the prize each year, often critically questioning the nature of the nominated artworks and sparking public discourse.
How does the media typically engage with the Turner Prize nominees and their work?
Answer: Critically, often questioning "Is this art?".
Explanation: The media gives intense attention to the prize each year, often critically, frequently posing the question 'Is this art?', highlighting the prize's role in sparking debate about contemporary artistic practices.
According to critics like David Lee, what trend has dominated the Turner Prize shortlist since 1991?
Answer: Dominance by artists linked to a few London dealers and Charles Saatchi.
Explanation: Critics like David Lee have argued that since 1991, the Turner Prize shortlist has been dominated by artists represented by a small number of London dealers, particularly those associated with collector Charles Saatchi.
What was Kim Howells' critical description of the 2002 Turner Prize exhibits?
Answer: "Cold mechanical, conceptual bullshit."
Explanation: Kim Howells, the then Culture Minister, described the 2002 Turner Prize exhibits as 'cold mechanical, conceptual bullshit,' criticizing the perceived lack of conviction in the conceptualizations.
Which spoof prize, inspired by the Turner Prize, judges entries based on criteria like 'Lack of effort'?
Answer: The Turnip Prize
Explanation: The Turnip Prize is a spoof art competition created in response to the Turner Prize, known for judging entries based on criteria such as 'Lack of effort' and 'Is it shit?'
Winning or being nominated for the Turner Prize has had minimal impact on artists' careers and public recognition.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that nomination and winning the Turner Prize typically bring significant media exposure, making artists known to the public and often increasing the value and demand for their work.
The 2011 Turner Prize exhibition set a record for visitor numbers at the time.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the 2011 Turner Prize exhibition, held in Gateshead, attracted a record number of visitors for the exhibition at that time.
How did the Turner Prize contribute to the public recognition of the Young British Artists (YBAs)?
Answer: By coinciding with and boosting the YBAs' media success.
Explanation: The media success of the Turner Prize coincided with and boosted the public recognition of the Young British Artists (YBAs), as several YBA artists were nominated for and won the prize.
What is a common effect of winning or being nominated for the Turner Prize on an artist's career?
Answer: Increased media exposure and potential for public recognition.
Explanation: Nomination and winning the Turner Prize typically bring significant media exposure, making artists known to the general public for the first time and enhancing their career prospects.
The 2011 Turner Prize exhibition set a record for:
Answer: The number of visitors it attracted.
Explanation: The 2011 Turner Prize exhibition set a record for the number of visitors it attracted at the time.