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The United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) was established in late 2010, prior to the South Kordofan conflict.
Answer: False
Explanation: UNISFA was established on June 27, 2011, in response to a flare-up in the South Kordofan conflict, not prior to it.
UNISFA's headquarters is located in Abyei Town, a region contested between Sudan and South Sudan.
Answer: True
Explanation: The mission's headquarters is situated in Abyei Town, which is central to the contested region the force is mandated to secure.
UNISFA is classified as a Peacekeeping Mission and is currently active.
Answer: True
Explanation: The mission is officially designated as a Peacekeeping Mission and remains in active operation.
The United Nations General Assembly is the parent organization of UNISFA.
Answer: False
Explanation: The parent organization of UNISFA is the United Nations Security Council, which authorized its creation via Resolution 1990.
The primary purpose of UNISFA's deployment is to facilitate economic development in the Abyei region.
Answer: False
Explanation: The primary purpose of UNISFA's deployment is to maintain security and stability in the contested Abyei region, not to facilitate economic development.
What is the full name of the UNISFA mission?
Answer: United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei
Explanation: The acronym UNISFA stands for the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei.
On what date was the UNISFA mission formally established?
Answer: June 27, 2011
Explanation: UNISFA was formally established by the UN Security Council on June 27, 2011.
Which United Nations body is the parent organization of UNISFA?
Answer: The United Nations Security Council
Explanation: The United Nations Security Council is UNISFA's parent organization, having authorized its creation through Resolution 1990.
What was the immediate context for the UN Security Council's approval of UNISFA in Resolution 1990?
Answer: A flare-up in the South Kordofan conflict
Explanation: The approval of UNISFA was a direct response to a flare-up in the South Kordofan conflict in June 2011.
What is the primary purpose of UNISFA's deployment in the contested region of Abyei?
Answer: To maintain security and stability.
Explanation: UNISFA is a peacekeeping force deployed with the primary mandate to maintain security and stability in the Abyei region, which is contested between Sudan and South Sudan.
The UNISFA mandate has been renewed every two years since its inception in 2011.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source material indicates that the UNISFA mandate has been renewed annually since its establishment in 2011.
In February 2022, UNISFA was reconfigured into a multinational force, with Ghana, Nepal, and Vietnam among the new contributing countries.
Answer: True
Explanation: The mission evolved into a multinational force in February 2022 with the arrival of troops from countries including Ghana, Nepal, and Vietnam.
UNISFA peacekeepers began arriving in Abyei on July 15, 2011, shortly after South Sudan declared its independence.
Answer: True
Explanation: The arrival of UNISFA peacekeepers in Abyei on July 15, 2011, occurred just under a week after South Sudan's formal declaration of independence.
When did UNISFA peacekeepers begin arriving in Abyei?
Answer: July 15, 2011
Explanation: The first UNISFA peacekeepers began their deployment in Abyei on July 15, 2011, traveling overland from Ethiopia.
How frequently has the UNISFA mandate been renewed since its inception?
Answer: Annually
Explanation: The mandate for the UNISFA mission has been subject to annual renewal by the UN Security Council since 2011.
The positions of Head of Mission and Force Commander for UNISFA have always been held by different individuals since the mission's inception.
Answer: False
Explanation: Initially, the roles of Head of Mission and Force Commander were held by the same person. The positions were separated in 2014, though they have been held concurrently by the acting Head of Mission since 2016.
Major General Tadesse Werede Tesfay was the first Head of Mission for UNISFA, serving from 2011 to 2013.
Answer: True
Explanation: Major General Tadesse Werede Tesfay of Ethiopia was indeed the first Head of Mission, holding the post from 2011 to 2013.
Haile Tilahun Gebremariam was the acting Head of Mission for UNISFA from 2015 to 2016 and completed his full tenure without incident.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Haile Tilahun Gebremariam served as Head of Mission from 2015 to 2016, he notably passed away during his tenure.
Major General Benjamin Olufemi Sawyerr from Nigeria was removed from his role as acting Head of Mission for UNISFA in May 2024 due to being placed on administrative leave pending an investigation.
Answer: True
Explanation: Major General Sawyerr's tenure as acting Head of Mission concluded on May 31, 2024, when he was removed from his post and placed on administrative leave.
Brigadier General Ameer Muhammad Umrani from Pakistan became the permanent Head of Mission for UNISFA in July 2024.
Answer: False
Explanation: Brigadier General Umrani served as the temporary acting Head of Mission. In July 2024, Major General Robert Yaw Affram of Ghana assumed the role of acting Head of Mission.
Major General Yohannes Gebremeskel Tesfamariam succeeded Major General Tadesse Werede Tesfay as Head of Mission for UNISFA.
Answer: True
Explanation: Major General Yohannes Gebremeskel Tesfamariam of Ethiopia took over as Head of Mission from 2013 to 2014, following the tenure of Major General Tadesse Werede Tesfay.
Major General Halefom Ejigu Moges served as the acting Head of Mission for UNISFA from 2014 to 2015.
Answer: True
Explanation: The records confirm that Major General Halefom Ejigu Moges of Ethiopia held the position of acting Head of Mission during the 2014-2015 period.
Brigadier General Zewdu Kiros Gebrekidan was the Officer-in-charge Head of Mission for UNISFA from August 2016 to March 2017.
Answer: True
Explanation: Brigadier General Zewdu Kiros Gebrekidan of Ethiopia served as the Officer-in-charge Head of Mission from August 12, 2016, to March 21, 2017.
Major General Robert Yaw Affram from Ghana became the acting Head of Mission for UNISFA in July 2024 and continues in that role.
Answer: True
Explanation: As of July 11, 2024, Major General Robert Yaw Affram of Ghana assumed the position of acting Head of Mission for UNISFA.
Major General Birhanu Jula Gelalcha served as Force Commander for UNISFA from 2016 to 2017.
Answer: False
Explanation: Major General Birhanu Jula Gelalcha's tenure as Force Commander was from 2014 to 2016. The role was held by Major General Hassen Ebrahim Mussa from 2016 to 2017.
Major General Kefyalew Amde Tessema served as both acting Head of Mission and Force Commander for UNISFA from 2020 to 2022.
Answer: True
Explanation: During his tenure from 2020 to 2022, Major General Kefyalew Amde Tessema held both key leadership roles concurrently.
How did the command structure of UNISFA change after 2014?
Answer: The Head of Mission and Force Commander positions were held by different individuals.
Explanation: Beginning in 2014, the command structure was altered so that the Head of Mission and Force Commander roles were held by two separate individuals, whereas they had been a joint position previously.
Who was the first Head of Mission for UNISFA?
Answer: Major General Tadesse Werede Tesfay
Explanation: The inaugural Head of Mission for UNISFA was Major General Tadesse Werede Tesfay of Ethiopia, who served from 2011 to 2013.
Which Head of Mission for UNISFA passed away during their tenure?
Answer: Haile Tilahun Gebremariam
Explanation: Haile Tilahun Gebremariam, who served as Head of Mission from 2015 to 2016, notably passed away while in office.
Who served as the Officer-in-charge Head of Mission for UNISFA between August 2016 and March 2017?
Answer: Brigadier General Zewdu Kiros Gebrekidan
Explanation: Following the death of the previous Head of Mission, Brigadier General Zewdu Kiros Gebrekidan served as the Officer-in-charge from August 2016 to March 2017.
Major General Benjamin Olufemi Sawyerr from Nigeria was removed from his acting Head of Mission role in May 2024 for what reason?
Answer: Being placed on administrative leave pending investigation.
Explanation: Major General Sawyerr's removal from his post on May 31, 2024, was due to his being placed on administrative leave while pending an investigation.
Who temporarily assumed command as acting Head of Mission for UNISFA immediately after Major General Sawyerr's removal?
Answer: Brigadier General Ameer Muhammad Umrani
Explanation: Brigadier General Ameer Muhammad Umrani of Pakistan temporarily assumed command as acting Head of Mission from May 31, 2024, to July 11, 2024.
Who is the current acting Head of Mission for UNISFA as of July 2024?
Answer: Major General Robert Yaw Affram
Explanation: Major General Robert Yaw Affram of Ghana assumed the role of acting Head of Mission on July 11, 2024.
Who was the first Force Commander for UNISFA?
Answer: Major General Tadesse Werede Tesfay
Explanation: The first Force Commander was Major General Tadesse Werede Tesfay of Ethiopia, who held the role concurrently with the Head of Mission position from 2011 to 2013.
Who served as acting Head of Mission for UNISFA from April 2019 to July 2020?
Answer: Major General Mehari Gebremariam
Explanation: Major General Mehari Gebremariam of Ethiopia held the post of acting Head of Mission from April 23, 2019, to July 7, 2020.
Who served as Force Commander for UNISFA from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: Major General Gebre Adhana Woldezgu
Explanation: Major General Gebre Adhana Woldezgu of Ethiopia held the position of Force Commander during the 2018-2019 period.
Until 2022, the Ethiopian Army was the sole contributor of individual troops to UNISFA.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Ethiopian Army was the only contributor of individual troops to the mission until February 2022, when UNISFA was reconfigured into a multinational force.
As of May 31, 2018, the total number of personnel in the UNISFA mission was approximately 3,500.
Answer: False
Explanation: The data from May 31, 2018, indicates the total number of personnel in the UNISFA mission was 4,571.
As of May 31, 2018, Ethiopia contributed the majority of UNISFA's personnel, including 4,288 troops.
Answer: True
Explanation: Ethiopia was the largest personnel contributor as of May 31, 2018, providing 4,288 troops out of a total mission strength of 4,571.
The Dominican Republic contributed only staff officers to UNISFA as of May 31, 2018.
Answer: False
Explanation: As of May 31, 2018, the Dominican Republic's contribution consisted of one staff officer and two troops.
As of May 31, 2018, Jordan contributed police personnel to UNISFA.
Answer: True
Explanation: According to the data for May 31, 2018, Jordan contributed four police personnel to the mission.
As of May 31, 2018, Bahrain and Benin each contributed 2 experts to UNISFA.
Answer: True
Explanation: The personnel data from May 31, 2018, confirms that both Bahrain and Benin contributed two experts each to the mission.
Bhutan contributed only one staff officer to UNISFA as of May 31, 2018.
Answer: False
Explanation: As of May 31, 2018, Bhutan's contribution to UNISFA consisted of one expert and one staff officer.
As of May 31, 2018, Tanzania contributed the highest number of police personnel to UNISFA among all non-Ethiopian countries.
Answer: False
Explanation: As of May 31, 2018, Zimbabwe contributed 10 police personnel, while Tanzania contributed 9, making Zimbabwe the higher contributor of police among non-Ethiopian countries.
Vietnam's contribution to UNISFA as of May 31, 2018, included both experts and police personnel.
Answer: False
Explanation: According to the data for May 31, 2018, Vietnam's contribution consisted of two police personnel only.
Which country was the largest contributor of personnel to UNISFA and, until 2022, the sole contributor of individual troops?
Answer: Ethiopia
Explanation: The Ethiopian Army was historically the largest personnel contributor and the exclusive provider of individual troops until the mission's reconfiguration in 2022.
As of May 31, 2018, what was the total number of personnel in the UNISFA mission?
Answer: 4,571
Explanation: The total strength of the UNISFA mission as of May 31, 2018, was 4,571 personnel.
As of May 31, 2018, how many experts did Bolivia contribute to UNISFA?
Answer: 2
Explanation: According to the personnel data from May 31, 2018, Bolivia contributed two experts to the mission.
Which country contributed 1 staff officer and 2 troops to UNISFA as of May 31, 2018?
Answer: Dominican Republic
Explanation: The data from May 31, 2018, shows the Dominican Republic's contribution consisted of one staff officer and two troops.
As of May 31, 2018, what was Ethiopia's contribution to UNISFA in terms of troops?
Answer: 4,288
Explanation: Ethiopia was the primary troop contributor as of May 31, 2018, providing 4,288 troops to the mission.
As of May 31, 2018, how many police personnel did Ghana contribute to UNISFA?
Answer: 4
Explanation: The personnel data from May 31, 2018, indicates that Ghana contributed four police personnel.
Which country contributed 4 police personnel to UNISFA as of May 31, 2018?
Answer: Jordan
Explanation: According to the data for May 31, 2018, Jordan's contribution to the mission consisted of four police personnel.
As of May 31, 2018, how many staff officers did Malawi contribute to UNISFA?
Answer: 1
Explanation: The personnel data from May 31, 2018, shows that Malawi contributed one staff officer to the mission.
Which country contributed 3 experts, 4 police, and 2 staff officers to UNISFA as of May 31, 2018?
Answer: Namibia
Explanation: The data from May 31, 2018, confirms that Namibia's contribution was composed of three experts, four police, and two staff officers.
As of May 31, 2018, how many experts did Russia contribute to UNISFA?
Answer: 1
Explanation: According to the personnel data from May 31, 2018, Russia contributed one expert to the mission.
Which country contributed 2 experts, 3 police, and 4 staff officers to UNISFA as of May 31, 2018?
Answer: Rwanda
Explanation: The data from May 31, 2018, confirms that Rwanda's contribution was composed of two experts, three police, and four staff officers.
As of May 31, 2018, how many police personnel did Seychelles contribute to UNISFA?
Answer: 2
Explanation: The personnel data from May 31, 2018, indicates that Seychelles contributed two police personnel.
Which country contributed 2 experts, 9 police, and 1 staff officer to UNISFA as of May 31, 2018?
Answer: Tanzania
Explanation: The data from May 31, 2018, confirms that Tanzania's contribution was composed of two experts, nine police, and one staff officer.
As of May 31, 2018, what was Vietnam's contribution to UNISFA?
Answer: 2 police personnel
Explanation: According to the data for May 31, 2018, Vietnam's contribution to the mission consisted of two police personnel.
As of May 31, 2018, how many experts did Burkina Faso contribute to UNISFA?
Answer: 1
Explanation: According to the personnel data from May 31, 2018, Burkina Faso contributed one expert to the mission.
Which country contributed 3 experts and 1 staff officer to UNISFA as of May 31, 2018?
Answer: Guatemala
Explanation: The data from May 31, 2018, shows that Guatemala's contribution consisted of three experts and one staff officer.
As of May 31, 2018, how many experts and staff officers did Ukraine contribute to UNISFA?
Answer: 4 experts, 2 staff officers
Explanation: The personnel data from May 31, 2018, indicates that Ukraine contributed four experts and two staff officers to the mission.
Which country contributed 2 experts, 10 police, and 1 staff officer to UNISFA as of May 31, 2018?
Answer: Zimbabwe
Explanation: The data from May 31, 2018, confirms that Zimbabwe's contribution was composed of two experts, ten police, and one staff officer.
A strategic review of UNISFA's effectiveness was ordered by the UN Security Council in November 2024, to be completed by August 15, 2025.
Answer: True
Explanation: In its November 2024 resolution, the UN Security Council mandated a strategic review of the mission's effectiveness, with a completion deadline of August 15, 2025.
Concerns have been raised about UNISFA's effectiveness due to a significant decrease in violence in the Abyei region.
Answer: False
Explanation: Concerns about UNISFA's effectiveness stem from its inability to control violence, as sporadic and spontaneous violence in the region has remained very high.
One UN peacekeeper was killed in Agok in 2024 when their base was attacked.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material confirms a fatal incident in 2024, where a UN peacekeeper was killed during an attack on their base in Agok.
What primary concern has been raised regarding UNISFA's effectiveness in the region?
Answer: Its failure to control violence, as sporadic violence remains high.
Explanation: A key concern regarding UNISFA's effectiveness is its limited ability to control the high levels of sporadic and spontaneous violence in Abyei.
What action did the UN Security Council take in November 2024 regarding UNISFA's effectiveness?
Answer: It ordered a strategic review to be conducted by August 15, 2025.
Explanation: In response to concerns about effectiveness, the UN Security Council's November 2024 resolution ordered a comprehensive strategic review of the mission.
What significant security incident involving a UN peacekeeper occurred in Agok in 2024?
Answer: A peacekeeper was killed when their base was attacked.
Explanation: In 2024, a UN peacekeeper was killed during an attack on the UNISFA base in Agok, highlighting the dangerous operational environment.