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The University of Wrocław is officially known in Polish as 'Uniwersytet Warszawski'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The official Polish name for the University of Wrocław is 'Uniwersytet Wrocławski'. 'Uniwersytet Warszawski' is the University of Warsaw.
The Latin name 'Universitas Wratislaviensis' refers to the University of Wrocław.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material confirms that 'Universitas Wratislaviensis' is the Latin name for the University of Wrocław.
The University of Wrocław is a private research institution.
Answer: False
Explanation: The University of Wrocław is classified as a public research university.
Wrocław, Poland, is the city where the University of Wrocław is located.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material explicitly states that the University of Wrocław is located in the city of Wrocław, Poland.
The University of Wrocław is the largest institution of higher learning in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship.
Answer: True
Explanation: The university is identified as the largest institution of higher learning within the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, a region in southwestern Poland.
What is the official Polish name for the University of Wrocław?
Answer: Uniwersytet Wrocławski
Explanation: The University of Wrocław is known in Polish as 'Uniwersytet Wrocławski', often abbreviated as UWr.
In which country is the University of Wrocław located?
Answer: Poland
Explanation: The University of Wrocław is located in the city of Wrocław, Poland.
What type of institution is the University of Wrocław?
Answer: Public research university
Explanation: The University of Wrocław is classified as a public research university.
The earliest attempt to establish a university in Wrocław, the 'Generale litterarum Gymnasium', was founded in 1605.
Answer: False
Explanation: The foundation deed for the 'Generale litterarum Gymnasium' was signed a century earlier, on July 20, 1505.
The 'Generale litterarum Gymnasium' was not built due to King Vladislaus II's deed being rejected by Pope Julius II.
Answer: True
Explanation: The foundation deed was rejected by Pope Julius II for political reasons, which was a primary factor in the university not being built at that time.
The 'Aurea bulla fundationis Universitatis Wratislaviensis' was signed on October 1, 1702, by Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I.
Answer: True
Explanation: This founding deed, which successfully established the university, was signed by Emperor Leopold I on October 1, 1702.
The university founded by Emperor Leopold I was initially named 'Leopoldina' and functioned as a School of Philosophy and Catholic Theology.
Answer: True
Explanation: The university was named 'Leopoldina' in honor of its founder and began with two faculties: Philosophy and Catholic Theology.
The Leopoldina university officially opened on December 25, 1702.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Leopoldina university officially opened on November 15, 1702.
Johannes Adrian von Plencken was the first chancellor of the Leopoldina university.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material identifies Johannes Adrian von Plencken as the first chancellor of the Leopoldina.
The Leopoldina university served as a key instrument of the Counter-Reformation in Silesia.
Answer: True
Explanation: As a Catholic institute in a predominantly Protestant city, the Leopoldina was an important tool for reasserting Catholic influence during the Counter-Reformation.
After Silesia passed to Prussia, the university gained a stronger ideological character as a tool of the Counter-Reformation.
Answer: False
Explanation: Conversely, after Silesia passed to Prussia, the university lost its ideological character as an instrument of the Counter-Reformation.
The image titled 'Proposed design of Leopoldina (never fully completed), 1760' shows the final completed design of the Leopoldina university.
Answer: False
Explanation: The title of the image itself indicates that the design was a proposal and was never fully completed.
Why was the 'Generale litterarum Gymnasium' not built despite its foundation deed?
Answer: Rejection by Pope Julius II for political reasons
Explanation: The primary reason the first attempt failed was that King Vladislaus II's deed was rejected by Pope Julius II for political reasons.
When was the first successful founding deed for a university in Wrocław signed?
Answer: October 1, 1702
Explanation: The first successful founding deed, the 'Aurea bulla fundationis Universitatis Wratislaviensis', was signed on October 1, 1702.
What was the original name of the university founded by Emperor Leopold I?
Answer: Leopoldina
Explanation: The university founded by Emperor Leopold I was designated with the name 'Leopoldina' in his honor.
What were the initial faculties of the Leopoldina university?
Answer: Philosophy and Catholic Theology
Explanation: The Leopoldina university initially functioned as a School of Philosophy and Catholic Theology.
Who became the first chancellor of the Leopoldina university?
Answer: Johannes Adrian von Plencken
Explanation: Johannes Adrian von Plencken was appointed as the first chancellor of the Leopoldina university.
What was the ideological role of the Leopoldina university in Protestant Breslau?
Answer: To serve as an instrument of the Counter-Reformation
Explanation: As a Catholic institute in a largely Protestant city, the Leopoldina served as an important instrument of the Counter-Reformation in Silesia.
What does the image titled 'Proposed design of Leopoldina (never fully completed), 1760' illustrate?
Answer: A proposed architectural design that was never fully realized
Explanation: The image displays a proposed architectural design for the Leopoldina university from 1760 that was never fully completed.
The 'Königliche Universität zu Breslau' was established in 1811 by merging the academy with the Protestant Viadrina University.
Answer: True
Explanation: On August 3, 1811, the existing academy was merged with the Protestant Viadrina University and re-established as the 'Königliche Universität zu Breslau'.
In 1911, the 'Königliche Universität zu Breslau' was renamed to honor Frederick the Great.
Answer: False
Explanation: The university was renamed in 1911 to honor its founder, Frederick William III of Prussia, not Frederick the Great.
The conjoint academy after the 1811 merger initially had four faculties: philosophy, medicine, law, and Protestant theology.
Answer: False
Explanation: The conjoint academy initially had five faculties: philosophy, medicine, law, Protestant theology, and Catholic theology.
A chair of Slavic Studies was added to the university curriculum starting in 1842.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that a chair of Slavic Studies was established at the university from 1842 onwards.
In 1884, the University of Breslau had 1,000 students and a faculty of 100.
Answer: False
Explanation: The university was larger, with 1,481 students and a faculty of 131 in 1884.
Internationally renowned scholars like Albert Einstein lectured at the University of Breslau in the late 19th century.
Answer: False
Explanation: While notable scholars like Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, Ferdinand Cohn, and Gustav Kirchhoff lectured there, Albert Einstein is not mentioned among them in the provided text.
By the end of the 19th century, Polish students constituted about 16% of the student body at the University of Breslau.
Answer: False
Explanation: By the end of the 19th century, Polish students constituted around 10% of the student body. Jewish students made up about 16%.
Prussian authorities implemented a 'numerus clausus' law in 1913, limiting Jewish students from non-German Eastern Europe.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1913, Prussian authorities did implement a 'numerus clausus' law, which limited the number of Jewish students from non-German Eastern Europe who could enroll.
When was the university in Breslau reorganized and renamed as the 'Königliche Universität zu Breslau'?
Answer: August 3, 1811
Explanation: Following the reorganization of the Prussian state, the academy was merged with Viadrina University and re-established on August 3, 1811.
What was the later name given to the 'Königliche Universität zu Breslau' in 1911?
Answer: Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Breslau
Explanation: In 1911, the university was renamed 'Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Breslau' to honor its founder, Frederick William III of Prussia.
Which of the following was NOT one of the initial five faculties of the conjoint academy after the 1811 merger?
Answer: Engineering
Explanation: The initial five faculties were philosophy, medicine, law, Protestant theology, and Catholic theology. Engineering was not among them.
When was a chair of Slavic Studies added to the university?
Answer: 1842
Explanation: A chair of Slavic Studies was added to the university's curriculum from 1842 onwards.
What was the approximate number of students at the University of Breslau in 1884?
Answer: 1,481
Explanation: In 1884, the university had 1,481 students in attendance.
Which of these internationally renowned scholars lectured at the University of Breslau in the late 19th century?
Answer: Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet
Explanation: Notable scholars who lectured at the University of Breslau in the late 19th century included Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, Ferdinand Cohn, and Gustav Kirchhoff.
What percentage of the student body at the University of Breslau was Polish in 1817?
Answer: About 16%
Explanation: In 1817, Polish students constituted about 16% of the student body, reflecting the university's multi-ethnic character.
Which German Burschenschaft was mentioned as existing at the University of Breslau?
Answer: Teutonia
Explanation: The source mentions Teutonia as a German Burschenschaft, alongside Polish and Jewish student organizations.
What action did German professor Felix Dahn take regarding Polish fraternities?
Answer: He eventually disbanded them.
Explanation: The source states that Polish fraternities at the university were eventually disbanded by German professor Felix Dahn.
What was the maximum number of Jewish students from non-German Eastern Europe allowed at the University of Breslau after the 1913 'numerus clausus' law?
Answer: 100
Explanation: The 1913 'numerus clausus' law limited the total number of such students to 900 across Germany, with the University of Breslau specifically allowed to admit 100.
What happened to Polish students at the University of Breslau by 1939 due to Nazi ideology?
Answer: They were expelled.
Explanation: As Nazi ideology took hold, Polish students faced persecution and, by 1939, all Polish students were expelled from the university.
Since 1945, the University of Wrocław has produced over 50,000 graduates.
Answer: False
Explanation: The university has produced over 100,000 graduates since 1945, a figure significantly higher than 50,000.
The University of Wrocław was reconstituted in its current form in 1945, succeeding the former German University of Breslau.
Answer: True
Explanation: The university was indeed reconstituted in 1945, taking the place of its predecessor, the German University of Breslau.
Academics from the University of Kraków were primarily responsible for restoring the University of Wrocław's buildings after World War II.
Answer: False
Explanation: Academics primarily from the Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów were instrumental in restoring the university building after the war.
The university buildings were 30% destroyed after the 1945 Battle of Breslau.
Answer: False
Explanation: The damage was far more extensive; the university buildings were 70% destroyed after the battle.
In January 2015, the University of Wrocław restored 262 PhD degrees that had been stripped from scholars during the Nazi period.
Answer: True
Explanation: The university took this symbolic action in January 2015 to restore academic degrees that were rescinded from Jewish and other scholars due to anti-Semitism during the Nazi era.
After the Red Army took Breslau in May 1945, the city became part of Germany and was renamed.
Answer: False
Explanation: After May 1945, the city of Breslau became part of the Republic of Poland and was renamed Wrocław.
Parts of the university library's collection were intentionally burned by Soviet soldiers on May 10, 1945.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source reports that some volumes from the university library's collection were burned by soldiers on May 10, 1945, shortly after the German garrison surrendered.
Many professors who helped rebuild the University of Wrocław after World War II came from prewar German institutions.
Answer: False
Explanation: The professors who helped rebuild the university came primarily from prewar Polish institutions, such as the Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów and Stefan Batory University of Wilno.
In mid-1948, over 60% of professors at the Wrocław University and Polytechnic were from Kresy.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that by mid-1948, over 60% of professors at the combined universities were from Kresy, the eastern borderlands of pre-war Poland.
Stanisław Kulczyński was the first president of the two Polish universities in Wrocław after the war.
Answer: True
Explanation: Stanisław Kulczyński, formerly of the University of Lwów, was indeed nominated as the first president of the two Polish universities in post-war Wrocław.
The University of Wrocław was refounded as a Polish state university on August 24, 1946.
Answer: False
Explanation: The university was refounded as a Polish state university by a decree dated August 24, 1945, not 1946.
Between 1952 and 1989, the university was named after a prominent Polish scientist.
Answer: False
Explanation: During this period, the university was named after Bolesław Bierut, the communist President of the Polish People's Republic, not a scientist.
Robert Olkiewicz is the current President (Rector) of the University of Wrocław.
Answer: True
Explanation: According to the provided information, Robert Olkiewicz is the current Rector of the university.
Stanisław Kulczyński served as the first Rector of the University of Wrocław from 1951 to 1957.
Answer: False
Explanation: Stanisław Kulczyński served as the first Rector from 1945 to 1951.
How many graduates has the University of Wrocław produced since 1945?
Answer: Over 100,000
Explanation: Since its reconstitution in 1945, the university has produced over 100,000 graduates.
When was the University of Wrocław reconstituted in its current form?
Answer: 1945
Explanation: The university was reconstituted in its current Polish form in 1945, succeeding the former German University of Breslau.
Which university's academics were instrumental in restoring the University of Wrocław building after World War II?
Answer: Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów
Explanation: Academics primarily from the Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów were instrumental in restoring the university building after the war.
What percentage of the university buildings were destroyed after the 1945 Battle of Breslau?
Answer: 70%
Explanation: The university buildings suffered extensive damage, with 70% being destroyed after the 1945 Battle of Breslau.
What action did the University of Wrocław take in January 2015 regarding academic degrees?
Answer: It restored 262 PhD degrees stripped during the Nazi period.
Explanation: In a symbolic act of historical justice, the university restored 262 PhD degrees that had been rescinded from Jewish and other scholars during the Nazi era.
What happened to the city of Breslau after the Red Army took it in May 1945?
Answer: It became part of the Republic of Poland and was renamed Wrocław.
Explanation: Following the end of World War II and the shifting of borders, the German city of Breslau became part of Poland and was renamed Wrocław.
When were some volumes of the university library reportedly burned by soldiers during the Soviet offensive?
Answer: May 10, 1945
Explanation: Parts of the university library's collection were reportedly burned by soldiers on May 10, 1945, four days after the German garrison surrendered the city.
From which prewar Polish institutions did many professors come to help rebuild the University of Wrocław after World War II?
Answer: Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów and Stefan Batory University of Wilno
Explanation: Many professors who were instrumental in rebuilding the university came from prewar Polish institutions in the former eastern territories, including the Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów and Stefan Batory University of Wilno.
What was the demographic origin of over 60% of professors at the Wrocław University and Polytechnic in mid-1948?
Answer: Kresy (eastern borderlands of pre-war Poland)
Explanation: By mid-1948, over 60% of the professors at the combined universities were from Kresy, the eastern borderlands of pre-war Poland, with a significant contingent from Lwów.
Who was the first president of the two Polish universities in Wrocław after the war?
Answer: Stanisław Kulczyński
Explanation: Stanisław Kulczyński, formerly of the University of Lwów, was nominated as the first president of the two Polish universities established in Wrocław after World War II.
When was the first lecture given at the refounded Polish state university in Wrocław?
Answer: November 15, 1945
Explanation: The first lecture at the newly refounded Polish university was given by Ludwik Hirszfeld on November 15, 1945.
What was the university's name between 1952 and 1989?
Answer: Bolesław Bierut University of Wrocław
Explanation: During the communist period from 1952 to 1989, the university was named after Bolesław Bierut, the President of the Polish People's Republic.
Who is the current President (Rector) of the University of Wrocław, according to the provided information?
Answer: Robert Olkiewicz
Explanation: The provided information identifies Robert Olkiewicz as the current President (Rector) of the university.
The University of Wrocław offers programs primarily in English, with some in Polish.
Answer: False
Explanation: The primary language of instruction is Polish, with some programs also offered in English.
The University of Wrocław provides Bachelor, Master, and Doctoral level programs.
Answer: True
Explanation: The university offers programs at the Bachelor, Master, and Doctoral levels.
Degree certificates from the University of Wrocław are recognized only within the European Union.
Answer: False
Explanation: The degree certificates awarded by the university are recognized globally.
The Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences is one of the faculties at the University of Wrocław.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source lists the Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences as one of the ten faculties at the university.
According to the CWTS Leiden Ranking 2019, the University of Wrocław is ranked among the top 500 globally.
Answer: False
Explanation: The CWTS Leiden Ranking 2019 placed the university at 710 globally, which is outside the top 500.
The QS World University Rankings 2020 place the University of Wrocław in the 501–600 range globally.
Answer: False
Explanation: The QS World University Rankings 2020 placed the university in the 801–1000 range globally.
The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2018 list the University of Wrocław in the 801–1000 range globally.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the Times Higher Education World University Rankings for 2018 placed the university in the 801–1000 global range.
U.S. News & World Report ranks the University of Wrocław at 833 globally.
Answer: True
Explanation: The U.S. News & World Report global ranking for the university is listed as 833.
In the QS World University Rankings for Emerging Europe and Central Asia 2022, the University of Wrocław is ranked 25th.
Answer: False
Explanation: In this specific regional ranking for 2022, the university is ranked 49th.
How many faculties does the University of Wrocław have?
Answer: 10
Explanation: The University of Wrocław is composed of 10 faculties.
What are the primary languages of instruction at the University of Wrocław?
Answer: Mostly Polish, some English
Explanation: The language of instruction at the university is mostly Polish, although some programs are also offered in English.
Are the degree certificates awarded by the University of Wrocław recognized internationally?
Answer: Yes, they are recognized globally
Explanation: The degree certificates awarded by the University of Wrocław are recognized globally.
Which of the following is a faculty at the University of Wrocław?
Answer: Faculty of Biotechnology
Explanation: The source lists the Faculty of Biotechnology as one of the ten faculties at the University of Wrocław.
What is the CWTS Leiden Ranking 2019 for the University of Wrocław?
Answer: Ranked 710 globally
Explanation: According to the CWTS Leiden Ranking 2019, the University of Wrocław is ranked 710 globally.
In which range did the QS World University Rankings 2020 place the University of Wrocław globally?
Answer: 801–1000
Explanation: The QS World University Rankings for 2020 placed the University of Wrocław in the 801–1000 range globally.
What is the U.S. News & World Report Global ranking for the University of Wrocław?
Answer: 833
Explanation: U.S. News & World Report ranks the University of Wrocław at 833 globally among universities.
What is the QS ranking for the University of Wrocław in Emerging Europe and Central Asia 2022?
Answer: 49th
Explanation: In the QS World University Rankings for Emerging Europe and Central Asia 2022, the University of Wrocław is ranked 49th.
The university library in 1885 contained approximately 40,000 works.
Answer: False
Explanation: The university library's collection was ten times larger, holding approximately 400,000 works in 1885.
The University of Breslau in the late 19th century had connections to a zoological garden founded in 1862.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source lists a zoological garden founded in 1862 as one of the scientific institutions connected with the university.
The Fencer fountain on the university square was designed by Hugo Lederer and installed in 1904.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that the Fencer fountain was installed in 1904 and was designed by Hugo Lederer.
How many incunabula did the university library hold in 1885?
Answer: About 2,400
Explanation: The university library's collection in 1885 included approximately 2,400 incunabula (early printed books).
Which of the following was NOT a scientific or cultural institution connected with the university in the late 19th century?
Answer: A modern art gallery
Explanation: The source lists a botanical garden, natural history museum, and zoological garden, but does not mention a modern art gallery as being connected to the university at that time.
Who designed the Fencer fountain on the university square?
Answer: Hugo Lederer
Explanation: The Fencer fountain, installed in 1904, was designed by the artist Hugo Lederer.