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Vardges Sureniants' place of birth was Akhaltsikhe, a locale situated within the geographical boundaries of contemporary Georgia.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate; Vardges Sureniants was born in Akhaltsikhe, a city that is now part of modern-day Georgia.
Vardges Sureniants' father, Hakop Sureniants, was recognized as a distinguished historian specializing in ancient Armenian history.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source material identifies Hakop Sureniants not as a historian, but as a priest who taught religious history.
The paternal figure of Vardges Sureniants offered unequivocal support for his aspiration to pursue a career in painting.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sureniants' father reacted with considerable shock to his son's decision to pursue painting and actively attempted to steer him toward architecture.
Vardges Sureniants entered the world in which year?
Answer: 1860
Explanation: Vardges Sureniants was born in the year 1860.
What was the professional occupation of Vardges Sureniants' father?
Answer: A priest
Explanation: Vardges Sureniants' father, Hakop Sureniants, was ordained as a priest and also served as an educator teaching religious history.
How did Vardges Sureniants' father respond to his son's declared intention to pursue painting as a career?
Answer: He was shocked and tried to persuade him to study architecture instead.
Explanation: Sureniants' father reacted with considerable shock to his son's decision to pursue painting and actively attempted to steer him toward architecture.
Akhaltsikhe, the birthplace of Vardges Sureniants, is situated within the borders of which contemporary nation?
Answer: Georgia
Explanation: Vardges Sureniants' birthplace, Akhaltsikhe, is geographically located in present-day Georgia.
During his formative years, a journey undertaken with the family of Hovhannes Aivazovsky provided Sureniants with exposure to the Fountain of Tears, an experience that profoundly impacted him.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. A childhood journey with the Aivazovsky family led Sureniants to witness the Fountain of Tears, which left a significant impression on him.
The renowned painter Hovhannes Aivazovsky actively discouraged Vardges Sureniants' nascent artistic endeavors.
Answer: False
Explanation: This is incorrect. Hovhannes Aivazovsky recognized Sureniants' potential and offered encouragement, notably by gifting him paints.
Prior to dedicating himself to painting, Vardges Sureniants undertook studies in architecture at the Munich Polytechnic.
Answer: True
Explanation: The provided information confirms that Sureniants studied at the Munich Polytechnic, which preceded his admission to the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich.
Vardges Sureniants completed his academic training at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich in the year 1879.
Answer: False
Explanation: Records indicate that Vardges Sureniants graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich in 1885, not 1879.
During his visit to Italy in 1881, Vardges Sureniants engaged in the study of classical ancient Roman art.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Sureniants did visit Italy in 1881, his studies there focused on Armenian fine art and manuscripts at San Lazzaro degli Armeni, not ancient Roman art.
During his childhood, Vardges Sureniants accompanied the family of which celebrated Russian painter, an association that fostered encouragement for his artistic pursuits?
Answer: Ivan Aivazovsky
Explanation: Sureniants traveled with the family of Ivan Aivazovsky during his childhood, and Aivazovsky's recognition of his talent provided significant encouragement.
Following his studies at the Munich Polytechnic, where did Vardges Sureniants continue his formal art education?
Answer: The Academy of Fine Arts in Munich
Explanation: After concluding his studies at the Munich Polytechnic, Sureniants matriculated at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich.
In what year did Vardges Sureniants undertake a visit to Italy, during which he studied Armenian art at San Lazzaro degli Armeni?
Answer: 1881
Explanation: Sureniants visited Italy and engaged with Armenian art at San Lazzaro degli Armeni in the year 1881.
Based on the provided biographical details, which of the following institutions or locations is NOT identified as a place where Vardges Sureniants pursued his studies or professional activities?
Answer: The Louvre Museum in Paris
Explanation: The sources mention Sureniants' studies at the Lazarian School and the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture, as well as the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich. The Louvre Museum in Paris is not listed among these.
The assertion that Vardges Sureniants was primarily recognized as a sculptor, with painting constituting a secondary artistic pursuit, is presented.
Answer: False
Explanation: Based on the provided information, Vardges Sureniants is primarily identified as a painter, alongside his significant contributions as a sculptor, illustrator, and other artistic roles. Thus, the premise that sculpture was his primary focus over painting is inaccurate.
Vardges Sureniants is credited with establishing the genre of Armenian historical painting.
Answer: True
Explanation: Indeed, Vardges Sureniants is widely acknowledged as the founder and originator of Armenian historical painting, a significant contribution to the nation's artistic heritage.
The predominant subject matter in Sureniants' oeuvre consisted of abstract concepts and contemporary urban landscapes.
Answer: False
Explanation: Contrary to this assertion, Sureniants' artistic output predominantly featured subjects drawn from Armenian fairy tales and significant historical events, rather than abstract concepts or modern cityscapes.
Vardges Sureniants espoused the artistic philosophy that painters ought to render life precisely as it manifests visually.
Answer: True
Explanation: This aligns with Sureniants' stated belief that 'painters must paint life the way it appears in front of our eyes,' emphasizing a commitment to realism.
Pointillism is identified as a principal artistic technique utilized by Vardges Sureniants.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material explicitly mentions Pointillism as one of the chief artistic techniques employed by Vardges Sureniants.
In the realm of Armenian art, for which specific genre is Vardges Sureniants principally recognized as its founder?
Answer: Armenian Historical Painting
Explanation: Vardges Sureniants holds the distinction of being recognized as the originator and founder of the genre of Armenian historical painting.
What thematic categories most frequently served as the inspiration for Vardges Sureniants' painted works?
Answer: Scenes from Armenian fairy tales and historical events
Explanation: Sureniants' paintings were characteristically inspired by narratives drawn from Armenian fairy tales and significant historical occurrences.
According to the provided sources, what fundamental principle guided Vardges Sureniants' philosophy regarding the practice of painting?
Answer: Painters must paint life the way it appears in front of our eyes.
Explanation: Sureniants articulated his philosophy by stating, 'Painters must paint life the way it appears in front of our eyes,' emphasizing a commitment to direct observation and representation.
Which specific artistic technique is identified in the source material as being among Vardges Sureniants' primary methods?
Answer: Pointillism
Explanation: Pointillism is explicitly cited as one of the chief artistic techniques employed by Vardges Sureniants.
Vardges Sureniants' declaration, 'I am a painter, and I don't want to fall behind in two things,' was articulated in response to what specific professional challenge?
Answer: Pressure to also pursue architecture professionally
Explanation: This statement reflects Sureniants' internal conflict and dedication to painting amidst pressure or expectation to also excel professionally in architecture.
In the year 1886, Vardges Sureniants embarked on extensive travels through the regions of Iran and the South Caucasus.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is correct. Sureniants undertook significant travels in Iran and the South Caucasus during 1886.
The artistic creations titled 'After the Massacre' and 'Desecrated Shrine' drew their inspiration from the historical events known as the Hamidian massacres.
Answer: True
Explanation: Indeed, these specific paintings by Sureniants were directly inspired by and created in response to the Hamidian massacres.
The inaugural published article authored by Vardges Sureniants focused on the subject of Armenian sculpture.
Answer: False
Explanation: The initial published work by Sureniants was not about sculpture, but rather an article titled 'A Few Words about Armenian Architecture,' written in 1883.
During his 1892 sojourn to Yerevan and Lake Sevan, Sureniants dedicated his studies to the examination of urban life.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Sureniants did visit Lake Sevan in 1892, his studies focused on the customs of rural Armenian life, and the visit included Ani, not Yerevan, as the primary location for this specific study.
During the period spanning 1901 to 1902, Vardges Sureniants executed a sculptural bust portrait of the celebrated painter Ivan Aivazovsky.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Sureniants created a bust of Ivan Aivazovsky between 1901 and 1902.
In the context of the Armenian genocide, Vardges Sureniants' artistic focus shifted primarily to the depiction of Armenian landscapes.
Answer: False
Explanation: This is inaccurate. During the Armenian genocide, Sureniants' work often depicted survivors who had found refuge in Russian Armenia, rather than solely focusing on landscapes.
Upon relocating to Yalta in 1917, Vardges Sureniants undertook the design of decorative elements for a local mosque.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Sureniants did move to Yalta in 1917, his commission was to design decorations for a newly built Armenian cathedral, not a mosque.
Vardges Sureniants' exploration of caricature resulted in the publication of his works in the Armenian newspaper titled 'Ararat'.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sureniants' caricatures were published in the magazine *Fliegende Blätter*, not the Armenian newspaper 'Ararat'.
Vardges Sureniants contributed his illustrative talents to works by literary figures such as Ferdowsi and Oscar Wilde.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate, as Sureniants illustrated works by Ferdowsi, Oscar Wilde, and others.
Among the various professional capacities attributed to Vardges Sureniants, which of the following is notably absent from the provided descriptions?
Answer: Architect
Explanation: The sources enumerate Sureniants' roles as painter, sculptor, illustrator, translator, art critic, and theater artist. Architect is not listed among these professional designations.
The creation of Sureniants' paintings 'After the Massacre' and 'Desecrated Shrine' was directly instigated by what historical occurrence?
Answer: The Hamidian massacres
Explanation: These particular works by Sureniants were created as a direct response to the events of the Hamidian massacres.
What was the precise title of Vardges Sureniants' inaugural published article?
Answer: A Few Words about Armenian Architecture
Explanation: The first article published by Vardges Sureniants was titled 'A Few Words about Armenian Architecture'.
For the actor Bedros Adamian, Vardges Sureniants undertook the translation of which specific play by William Shakespeare?
Answer: Richard III
Explanation: Vardges Sureniants translated Shakespeare's *Richard III* for the actor Bedros Adamian.
During his 1892 expedition to Ani and Lake Sevan, what facet of Armenian existence did Sureniants endeavor to understand?
Answer: The everyday customs of rural Armenian life
Explanation: Sureniants' visit to Ani and Lake Sevan in 1892 provided him with insights into the everyday customs prevalent in rural Armenian life.
Which specific sculptural work did Vardges Sureniants complete in the period circa 1901-1902?
Answer: A bust of the painter Ivan Aivazovsky
Explanation: Between 1901 and 1902, Sureniants' sculptural output included a bust dedicated to the painter Ivan Aivazovsky.
During the historical period of the Armenian genocide, what subject matter did Vardges Sureniants predominantly address in his paintings?
Answer: Survivors who found refuge in Russian Armenia
Explanation: Sureniants' artistic focus during the Armenian genocide often centered on depicting the plight and resilience of survivors who had sought refuge in Russian Armenia.
Upon his relocation to Yalta in 1917, what specific artistic commission was entrusted to Vardges Sureniants?
Answer: To design decorations for a newly built Armenian cathedral
Explanation: In Yalta, following his move in 1917, Sureniants was commissioned to design the decorative elements for a newly constructed Armenian cathedral.
Some of Vardges Sureniants' caricatures found publication in which specific periodical?
Answer: Fliegende Blätter
Explanation: The magazine *Fliegende Blätter* served as a publication venue for some of Sureniants' caricatures.
Based on the provided information, which literary work is NOT listed among those illustrated by Vardges Sureniants?
Answer: Homer's *Odyssey*
Explanation: The source material lists Ferdowsi's *Shahname*, Oscar Wilde's fairy tales, and Pushkin's *The Fountain of Bakhchisaray* as works illustrated by Sureniants; Homer's *Odyssey* is not mentioned.
The figures depicted in Vardges Sureniants' painting 'Shamiram and Ara the Beautiful' originate from which narrative context?
Answer: Armenian mythology and history
Explanation: The painting 'Shamiram and Ara the Beautiful' draws its subject matter from figures central to Armenian mythology and history.
The historical event depicted in Vardges Sureniants' painting 'Return of Queen Zabel of Armenia' pertains to what specific circumstance?
Answer: Her return to the throne
Explanation: The painting 'Return of Queen Zabel of Armenia' visually narrates the historical event of Queen Zabel's restoration to her throne.
What thematic interpretation is most plausibly associated with the artwork titled 'Desecrated Shrine'?
Answer: A depiction of a sacred place that has been violated
Explanation: The title 'Desecrated Shrine' strongly suggests a visual representation of a sacred site that has undergone violation or defilement, potentially alluding to historical conflicts.
The portrait designated as 'Mkrtich Khrimian' portrays which prominent Armenian figure, known for his religious and national leadership?
Answer: Mkrtich Khrimian
Explanation: The portrait titled 'Mkrtich Khrimian' is indeed a depiction of the significant Armenian religious and national leader of the same name.
What subject matter is represented in the artwork titled 'The monastery of St. Hripsime'?
Answer: The St. Hripsime Monastery itself
Explanation: The artwork titled 'The monastery of St. Hripsime' presents a depiction of the St. Hripsime Monastery, a significant Armenian landmark.
Vardges Sureniants organized and participated in numerous exhibitions showcasing his artistic creations throughout his professional life.
Answer: False
Explanation: The available information indicates that Sureniants held only one exhibition dedicated specifically to his works during his lifetime, contradicting the notion of numerous exhibitions.
Vardges Sureniants served as an instructor of art history at the Gevorkian Seminary, located in Armenia.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Sureniants imparted his knowledge of art history at the Gevorkian Seminary in Armenia between 1890 and 1891.
The singular exhibition dedicated to Vardges Sureniants' work during his lifetime took place in Yerevan in the year 1901.
Answer: False
Explanation: The sole exhibition of Sureniants' work during his lifetime occurred in 1901, but it was held in Baku, not Yerevan.
Vardges Sureniants was among the co-founders of the Armenian Artistic Society, established in Tiflis in 1916.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is correct. Sureniants played a role in co-founding the Armenian Artistic Society in Tiflis in 1916.
Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan actively championed the cause of achieving international recognition for Vardges Sureniants' artistic contributions.
Answer: True
Explanation: This is accurate; Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan advocated for Sureniants' work to be recognized on a global scale, suggesting his 150th anniversary as an opportune moment for this.
The esteemed painter Ilya Repin lauded Sureniants' artistic interpretations of historical events, particularly for their abstract qualities.
Answer: False
Explanation: Ilya Repin admired Sureniants' work for its originality and meticulous detail, characterizing him as a proponent of a new painting school, but the praise was not specifically for abstract interpretations of historical events.
What was the total number of exhibitions exclusively featuring Vardges Sureniants' oeuvre during his lifetime?
Answer: One
Explanation: Vardges Sureniants held precisely one exhibition dedicated solely to his artistic output during his lifetime.
Vardges Sureniants imparted instruction in art history at the Gevorkian Seminary during which specific academic years?
Answer: 1890-1891
Explanation: Sureniants' tenure as an art history instructor at the Gevorkian Seminary spanned the years 1890 to 1891.
The singular exhibition dedicated to Vardges Sureniants' work during his lifetime was hosted in which city?
Answer: Baku
Explanation: Sureniants' sole lifetime exhibition took place in the city of Baku in 1901.
In 1916, Vardges Sureniants collaborated with which notable Armenian artists to establish the Armenian Artistic Society?
Answer: Mardiros Saryan and Panos Terlemezian
Explanation: Sureniants co-founded the Armenian Artistic Society in Tiflis alongside prominent artists Mardiros Saryan and Panos Terlemezian.
Which prominent Russian artist expressed admiration for Sureniants' oeuvre, specifically commending his originality and meticulous attention to detail?
Answer: Ilya Repin
Explanation: The renowned Russian painter Ilya Repin was among those who admired Sureniants' work, highlighting its originality and detailed execution.
What specific aspect of Sureniants' paintings did the art critic Vladimir Stasov emphasize in his assessments?
Answer: Their meticulous depiction of Eastern architecture
Explanation: Art critic Vladimir Stasov particularly noted Sureniants' exceptional skill in rendering Eastern architecture with precise detail.
The final years of Vardges Sureniants' life concluded with his passing in Moscow in the year 1921.
Answer: False
Explanation: The provided records indicate that Vardges Sureniants passed away in Yalta, Crimea, in 1921, not in Moscow.
Vardges Sureniants' final resting place is Moscow, following his death in Yalta.
Answer: False
Explanation: The information indicates that Vardges Sureniants died in Yalta and is buried there, specifically within the grounds of the Armenian church, not in Moscow.
In which city did Vardges Sureniants' life conclude?
Answer: Yalta
Explanation: Vardges Sureniants passed away in the city of Yalta.
What is the designated burial site of Vardges Sureniants?
Answer: In the grounds of the Armenian church in Yalta
Explanation: Vardges Sureniants rests in burial within the grounds of the Armenian church located in Yalta.
What profound observation did Martiros Saryan make regarding the lasting significance of Vardges Sureniants' most accomplished works?
Answer: They contained the beating heart of the Armenian nation and would endure.
Explanation: Martiros Saryan posited that Sureniants' finest works embodied the essence of the Armenian nation and possessed an enduring quality tied to the existence of the Armenian people.