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The World Resources Institute (WRI) was established in 1992 as a global research non-profit organization.
Answer: False
Explanation: The World Resources Institute (WRI) was established in 1982, not 1992.
James Gustave Speth founded the World Resources Institute with initial funding from the Rockefeller Foundation.
Answer: False
Explanation: James Gustave Speth founded WRI with initial funding from the MacArthur Foundation, not the Rockefeller Foundation.
The headquarters of the World Resources Institute is located in London, United Kingdom.
Answer: False
Explanation: The headquarters of the World Resources Institute is located in Washington, D.C., United States.
Ani Dasgupta has served as the current president and CEO of the World Resources Institute since 2021.
Answer: True
Explanation: Ani Dasgupta assumed the role of president and CEO of the World Resources Institute in 2021.
James Harmon holds the position of Chairman of the Board for the World Resources Institute.
Answer: True
Explanation: James Harmon currently serves as the Chairman of the Board for the World Resources Institute.
In 2020, the World Resources Institute reported a revenue of US$144 million and expenses of US$149 million.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 2020, WRI reported a revenue of US$149 million and expenses of US$144 million, meaning revenue exceeded expenses.
WRI's studies primarily focus on sustainable practices for business, economics, and finance, but not governance.
Answer: False
Explanation: WRI's studies encompass sustainable practices for business, economics, finance, and governance, among other areas.
WRI's mission is to move society to provide for the needs and aspirations of current and future generations.
Answer: True
Explanation: The stated mission of the World Resources Institute is to 'move society to provide for the needs and aspirations of current and future generations'.
WRI exclusively partners with governments to achieve its environmental goals.
Answer: False
Explanation: WRI partners with a diverse range of entities, including local and national governments, private companies, publicly held corporations, and other non-profit organizations.
The World Resources Institute offers services related to global climate change issues, sustainable markets, ecosystem protection, and environmentally responsible governance.
Answer: True
Explanation: WRI provides services across several critical domains, including global climate change, sustainable markets, ecosystem protection, and environmentally responsible governance.
The World Resources Institute maintains international offices in over 50 countries globally.
Answer: False
Explanation: While WRI is active in over 50 countries globally, it maintains international offices in a specific list of countries, not 'in over 50 countries globally'.
Between 2014 and 2018, WRI received the highest amount of funding from outside the United States among the top 50 think tanks, totaling over US$63 million.
Answer: True
Explanation: A report by the Center for International Policy's Foreign Influence Transparency Initiative confirmed that WRI received over US$63 million in foreign funding between 2014 and 2018, the highest among the top 50 think tanks.
WRI's revenue in 2024 was reported to be $149 million.
Answer: False
Explanation: WRI's reported revenue in 2024 was $272 million, not $149 million.
When was the World Resources Institute (WRI) established?
Answer: 1982
Explanation: The World Resources Institute (WRI) was established in 1982.
Who founded the World Resources Institute and with what initial funding?
Answer: James Gustave Speth with funding from the MacArthur Foundation.
Explanation: James Gustave Speth founded the World Resources Institute with initial funding provided by the MacArthur Foundation.
Where is the headquarters of the World Resources Institute located?
Answer: Washington, D.C., United States
Explanation: The headquarters of the World Resources Institute is located in Washington, D.C., United States.
Who is the current president and CEO of the World Resources Institute?
Answer: Ani Dasgupta
Explanation: Ani Dasgupta has been the current president and CEO of the World Resources Institute since 2021.
What was the World Resources Institute's reported revenue in 2024?
Answer: US$272 million
Explanation: WRI's reported revenue in 2024 was US$272 million.
Which of the following is NOT one of the six key areas of focus for WRI's studies and practices?
Answer: Oceans
Explanation: WRI's six key areas of focus are food, forests, water, energy, cities, and climate. Oceans are not listed as a distinct key area, though ocean-related issues fall under 'water' or 'ecosystem protection'.
What is the stated mission of the World Resources Institute?
Answer: To move society to provide for the needs and aspirations of current and future generations.
Explanation: The World Resources Institute's mission is explicitly stated as 'to move society to provide for the needs and aspirations of current and future generations'.
With whom does WRI typically partner to achieve its goals?
Answer: A diverse range of entities including local and national governments, private companies, and other non-profit organizations.
Explanation: WRI collaborates with a broad spectrum of partners, including various levels of government, private corporations, and other non-profit organizations.
In how many countries globally is the World Resources Institute active?
Answer: Over 50
Explanation: The World Resources Institute is active in over 50 countries globally, maintaining international offices in a subset of these.
What significant finding did the Center for International Policy's Foreign Influence Transparency Initiative report about WRI's funding between 2014 and 2018?
Answer: WRI received over US$63 million in funding from outside the United States, which was the highest among the top 50 think tanks.
Explanation: A report by the Center for International Policy's Foreign Influence Transparency Initiative highlighted that WRI received over US$63 million in foreign funding between 2014 and 2018, making it the highest among the top 50 think tanks surveyed.
What are the core principles WRI seeks to promote for a sustainable human society?
Answer: Human health and well-being, environmental sustainability, and economic opportunity.
Explanation: WRI's core principles for a sustainable human society are centered on human health and well-being, environmental sustainability, and economic opportunity.
Jonathan Lash served as president of the World Resources Institute during which period?
Answer: 1993–2011
Explanation: Jonathan Lash served as president of the World Resources Institute from 1993 to 2011.
What types of services does the World Resources Institute offer?
Answer: Services related to global climate change issues, sustainable markets, ecosystem protection, and environmentally responsible governance.
Explanation: The World Resources Institute offers a comprehensive suite of services addressing global climate change, sustainable markets, ecosystem protection, and environmentally responsible governance.
WRI's Land and Carbon Lab received over $100 million in financing from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in 2021.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 2021, WRI's Land and Carbon Lab received over $100 million in financing from the Bezos Earth Fund, not the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Global Forest Watch (GFW) was developed by WRI in partnership with Microsoft Azure in 2014.
Answer: False
Explanation: Global Forest Watch (GFW) was developed by WRI in partnership with Google Earth Engine in 2014, not Microsoft Azure.
Global Forest Watch provides monthly GLAD deforestation alerts and daily Fires alerts.
Answer: False
Explanation: Global Forest Watch provides weekly GLAD deforestation alerts and daily Fires alerts, not monthly GLAD alerts.
Global Forest Watch is primarily used by private sector companies for supply chain transparency.
Answer: False
Explanation: Global Forest Watch is used by a wide range of entities including NGOs, academic researchers, government employees, the private sector, journalists, and indigenous groups, for various applications beyond just supply chain transparency.
As of January 2021, WRI used Global Forest Watch to create a forest carbon flux map that integrated data on both emissions and removals of forest-related greenhouse gases.
Answer: True
Explanation: In January 2021, WRI indeed utilized Global Forest Watch to develop a forest carbon flux map, which integrated data to provide a comprehensive view of forest-related greenhouse gas emissions and removals.
The forest carbon flux map confirmed that tropical forests are significant in both absorbing more carbon than other forest types and also releasing more carbon due to deforestation and degradation.
Answer: True
Explanation: The forest carbon flux map revealed the dual role of tropical forests, confirming their significance in both carbon absorption and release due to human-induced factors like deforestation and degradation.
Dynamic World, launched in 2020, is a near real-time application for land use land cover classification.
Answer: False
Explanation: Dynamic World was launched in June 2022, not 2020.
WRI, in collaboration with the Sustainability Consortium, identified industrial-scale internationally traded commodity crops as dominant drivers of forest loss, particularly in South America and Southeast Asia.
Answer: True
Explanation: WRI and the Sustainability Consortium identified industrial-scale internationally traded commodity crops as key drivers of forest loss, especially in South America and Southeast Asia.
Data from WRI's LandMark project showed that rainforests managed by government and private interests in the Amazon act as carbon dioxide sinks.
Answer: False
Explanation: Data from the LandMark project indicated that rainforests managed by government and private interests in the Amazon are net sources of greenhouse gases, while those managed by local and Indigenous communities act as carbon dioxide sinks.
What major funding did WRI's Land and Carbon Lab receive in 2021?
Answer: Over $100 million in financing from the Bezos Earth Fund.
Explanation: In 2021, WRI's Land and Carbon Lab secured over $100 million in financing from the Bezos Earth Fund.
How did WRI contribute to forest management in Cameroon starting in 2002?
Answer: By integrating various land use data sources to create maps for monitoring and enhancing forest management.
Explanation: Starting in 2002, WRI collaborated with the Cameroon Forest Initiative to integrate diverse land use data, producing maps to monitor and improve forest management.
Global Forest Watch (GFW) was developed by WRI in partnership with which entity in 2014?
Answer: Google Earth Engine
Explanation: Global Forest Watch (GFW) was developed by WRI in 2014 in partnership with Google Earth Engine.
What kind of deforestation alerts does Global Forest Watch provide weekly?
Answer: GLAD deforestation alerts
Explanation: Global Forest Watch provides weekly GLAD deforestation alerts, alongside daily Fires alerts.
Which of the following groups is NOT listed as a primary user of Global Forest Watch?
Answer: Private citizens for personal use
Explanation: While Global Forest Watch is widely used, private citizens for personal use are not explicitly listed among its primary user groups, which include NGOs, academic researchers, government employees, the private sector, journalists, and indigenous groups.
How did WRI enhance global carbon estimates using Global Forest Watch in January 2021?
Answer: By creating a forest carbon flux map that integrated data on both emissions and removals of forest-related greenhouse gases.
Explanation: In January 2021, WRI enhanced global carbon estimates by developing a forest carbon flux map through Global Forest Watch, integrating data on both emissions and removals of forest-related greenhouse gases.
What did the forest carbon flux map reveal about tropical forests?
Answer: They are significant in both absorbing more carbon than other forest types and also releasing more carbon due to deforestation and degradation.
Explanation: The forest carbon flux map demonstrated that tropical forests play a dual role, both absorbing substantial carbon and releasing significant amounts due to deforestation and degradation.
What is Dynamic World, launched in June 2022, primarily used for?
Answer: High-resolution satellite image classification for land use land cover (LULC).
Explanation: Dynamic World, launched in June 2022, is primarily utilized for high-resolution satellite image classification of land use and land cover in near real-time.
According to WRI and the Sustainability Consortium, what are dominant drivers of forest loss, particularly in South America and Southeast Asia?
Answer: Industrial-scale internationally traded commodity crops.
Explanation: WRI and the Sustainability Consortium identified industrial-scale internationally traded commodity crops as dominant drivers of forest loss, particularly in South America and Southeast Asia.
What information does WRI's LandMark project provide?
Answer: Maps and information that identify lands collectively held and utilized by Indigenous peoples and local communities.
Explanation: WRI's LandMark project provides maps and information identifying lands collectively held and utilized by Indigenous peoples and local communities.
What did data from the LandMark project reveal about rainforest management in the Amazon?
Answer: Rainforests managed by local and Indigenous communities act as carbon dioxide sinks, whereas rainforests managed by government and private interests are net sources of greenhouse gases.
Explanation: Data from the LandMark project in the Amazon revealed that rainforests managed by local and Indigenous communities function as carbon dioxide sinks, while those under government and private management are net sources of greenhouse gases.
In 2008, WRI reported over 400 'dead zones' caused by eutrophication in various global water bodies.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 2008, WRI's report on global water quality identified over 400 'dead zones' resulting from eutrophication.
WRI identified eutrophication as primarily resulting from agricultural nutrient pollution and industrial chemical discharge.
Answer: False
Explanation: WRI identified eutrophication as primarily resulting from the discharge of concentrated phosphorus from urban wastewater and agricultural nutrient pollution, not industrial chemical discharge.
The Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas published by WRI ranks countries based on their risk of experiencing severe water crises.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas is a WRI publication that provides a ranking of countries based on their susceptibility to severe water crises.
WRI's 2022 report on coral reefs analyzed their protective benefits to human populations, infrastructure, and GDP at a 500-meter resolution.
Answer: True
Explanation: WRI's 2022 report specifically analyzed the protective benefits of coral reefs to human populations, infrastructure, and GDP, utilizing a 500-meter resolution for its assessment.
In 2008, WRI reported on over 400 'dead zones' caused by what environmental issue?
Answer: Eutrophication
Explanation: In 2008, WRI reported that over 400 'dead zones' in global water bodies were caused by eutrophication.
What are the primary causes of eutrophication as identified by WRI?
Answer: Discharge of concentrated phosphorus from urban wastewater and agricultural nutrient pollution.
Explanation: WRI identified the primary causes of eutrophication as the discharge of concentrated phosphorus from urban wastewater and agricultural nutrient pollution.
What solutions does WRI advocate for improving ecosystems and mitigating water-related climate impacts?
Answer: Local nature-based solutions (NBS).
Explanation: WRI advocates for local nature-based solutions (NBS) as a cost-effective approach to enhance ecosystems and mitigate water-related climate impacts.
What does the Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas published by WRI do?
Answer: Ranks countries based on their risk of experiencing severe water crises.
Explanation: The Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas, a WRI publication, serves to rank countries according to their risk of encountering severe water crises.
What new aspect of coral reefs did WRI's 2022 report analyze?
Answer: The protective benefits that reefs offer to human populations, infrastructure, and GDP.
Explanation: WRI's 2022 report on coral reefs specifically analyzed the protective benefits these ecosystems provide to human populations, infrastructure, and GDP.
The WRI Polsky Center for the Global Energy Transition, established in 2025, will focus on accelerating the shift to sustainable energy worldwide.
Answer: True
Explanation: The WRI Polsky Center for the Global Energy Transition, established in 2025 with a significant donation, is indeed dedicated to accelerating the global shift towards sustainable energy.
The Platform for Accelerating the Circular Economy (PACE) was launched during the 2018 World Economic Forum Annual meeting.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Platform for Accelerating the Circular Economy (PACE) was indeed launched during the 2018 World Economic Forum Annual meeting.
The Renewable Energy Buyers Alliance (REBA) aims to open up the market for all non-residential energy buyers to facilitate a shift towards zero-carbon renewable energy.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Renewable Energy Buyers Alliance (REBA) is dedicated to expanding the market for non-residential energy buyers to accelerate the transition to zero-carbon renewable energy.
The Greenhouse Gas Protocol is a common standard for quantifying and managing greenhouse gas emissions, developed by WRI in collaboration with various companies.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Greenhouse Gas Protocol, a standard for quantifying and managing GHG emissions, was indeed developed by WRI in collaboration with various companies.
The Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) was established in 2010 to help companies set emission reduction targets.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) was established in 2015, not 2010.
WRI's Climate Watch website provides data on greenhouse gas emissions by country and per capita.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Climate Watch website, managed by WRI, offers data on greenhouse gas emissions, allowing for examination by country and per capita.
What new center is being established with a significant donation from the Polsky Foundation in 2025?
Answer: The WRI Polsky Center for the Global Energy Transition.
Explanation: The WRI Polsky Center for the Global Energy Transition is being established in 2025 with a substantial donation from the Polsky Foundation.
What is the Platform for Accelerating the Circular Economy (PACE) dedicated to?
Answer: Accelerating the transition to a circular economy.
Explanation: The Platform for Accelerating the Circular Economy (PACE) is dedicated to facilitating the global transition to a circular economy.
Which of these companies is NOT listed as a member of the Renewable Energy Buyers Alliance (REBA)?
Answer: Tesla
Explanation: While Google, Walmart, and Disney are listed as members of REBA, Tesla is not explicitly mentioned in the provided information.
What is the Greenhouse Gas Protocol, and how was it developed?
Answer: A common standard for quantifying and managing greenhouse gas emissions, developed by WRI in collaboration with various companies.
Explanation: The Greenhouse Gas Protocol is a common standard for quantifying and managing greenhouse gas emissions, developed by WRI in collaboration with various companies.
What is the purpose of the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi)?
Answer: To assist companies in setting emission reduction targets that are consistent with climate science.
Explanation: The Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) aims to help companies establish emission reduction targets that align with climate science.
What online tool does WRI manage for examining greenhouse gas data?
Answer: The Climate Watch website
Explanation: WRI manages the Climate Watch website, an online tool that allows users to examine greenhouse gas data by country and per capita emissions.
The 'World Resources Report' is the flagship report series of the World Resources Institute, addressing global resources and sustainability.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'World Resources Report' serves as WRI's flagship publication, focusing on various topics related to global resources and sustainability.
WRI emphasizes the interconnectedness of systems, linking issues like food insecurity with climate change and economic security.
Answer: True
Explanation: WRI's approach is guided by the principle of interconnectedness, recognizing that issues such as food insecurity are intrinsically linked with climate change, ecosystem protection, and economic security.
WRI published the first comparative study of material flow accounting (MFA) in 1995, assessing material inputs and outputs for industrial economies.
Answer: False
Explanation: WRI published the first comparative study of material flow accounting (MFA) in 1997 and 2000, not 1995.
'The Access Initiative' by WRI ranks countries based on their economic development and resource extraction rates.
Answer: False
Explanation: 'The Access Initiative' by WRI ranks countries based on their level of environmental democracy, not economic development or resource extraction rates.
WRI's Champions 12.3 coalition aims to reduce global food loss and waste by 25% by 2030.
Answer: False
Explanation: WRI's Champions 12.3 coalition aims to halve global food loss and waste by the year 2030, which is a 50% reduction, not 25%.
Anil Agarwal criticized a 1990 WRI study for disproportionately assigning global warming responsibility to developing countries.
Answer: True
Explanation: Anil Agarwal criticized a 1990 WRI study for unfairly placing a greater burden of global warming responsibility on developing countries.
What is the flagship report series of the World Resources Institute?
Answer: 'World Resources Report'
Explanation: The 'World Resources Report' is the flagship report series of the World Resources Institute.
What overarching principle guides WRI's initiatives across its focus areas?
Answer: Emphasizing the interconnectedness of systems and the necessity of linking issues like food insecurity with climate change.
Explanation: WRI's initiatives are guided by the overarching principle of systemic interconnectedness, highlighting the links between issues such as food insecurity and climate change.
What was the significance of WRI's material flow accounting (MFA) studies in 1997 and 2000?
Answer: They were the first comparative study of material flow accounting (MFA), assessing material inputs and outputs (excluding water) utilized by industrial economies.
Explanation: WRI's material flow accounting (MFA) studies in 1997 and 2000 were significant as the first comparative analyses of material inputs and outputs for industrial economies, excluding water.
What does 'The Access Initiative' by WRI measure?
Answer: The level of environmental democracy in countries.
Explanation: 'The Access Initiative' by WRI assesses the level of environmental democracy in countries, considering transparency, public participation, and access to justice in natural resource decision-making.
What is the goal of WRI's Champions 12.3 coalition?
Answer: To halve global food loss and waste by the year 2030.
Explanation: The Champions 12.3 coalition, supported by WRI, aims to halve global food loss and waste by the year 2030.
Anil Agarwal criticized a 1990 WRI study for what reason?
Answer: It disproportionately assigned responsibility for global warming to developing countries and failed to adequately acknowledge the impact of U.S. overconsumption on global warming.
Explanation: Anil Agarwal criticized a 1990 WRI study for its disproportionate assignment of global warming responsibility to developing countries and its failure to adequately address the impact of U.S. overconsumption.
What term did Anil Agarwal use to describe the WRI study he criticized?
Answer: Environmental colonialism
Explanation: Anil Agarwal famously described the WRI study he criticized as an example of 'environmental colonialism'.
What alternative approach did Anil Agarwal suggest for a fairer analysis of global warming responsibility?
Answer: Balancing the sources of emissions against the terrestrial sinks for each nation.
Explanation: Anil Agarwal proposed that a more equitable analysis of global warming responsibility should involve balancing each nation's emission sources against its terrestrial carbon sinks.
The WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities was established in 2014 with a major gift of US$50 million from Stephen M. Ross.
Answer: False
Explanation: The WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities was established in 2014 with a major gift of US$30 million from Stephen M. Ross, not US$50 million.
WRI's flagship report for 2021 was 'Accelerating Building Efficiency: Eight Actions for Urban Leaders'.
Answer: False
Explanation: WRI's flagship report for 2021 was 'Seven Transformations for More Equitable and Sustainable Cities', while 'Accelerating Building Efficiency: Eight Actions for Urban Leaders' was published in 2019.
How was the WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities established?
Answer: Through a major gift of US$30 million from American real estate developer Stephen M. Ross in 2014.
Explanation: The WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities was established in 2014 through a significant donation of US$30 million from Stephen M. Ross.
What was the title of WRI's flagship report on cities in 2019?
Answer: 'Accelerating Building Efficiency: Eight Actions for Urban Leaders'
Explanation: WRI's flagship report on cities in 2019 was titled 'Accelerating Building Efficiency: Eight Actions for Urban Leaders'.