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Zhangye is a prefecture-level city located in the central part of Gansu Province.
Answer: True
Explanation: Zhangye is indeed a prefecture-level city situated in the central part of Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
Zhangye borders Inner Mongolia to its north and Qinghai Province to its south.
Answer: True
Explanation: The city of Zhangye is geographically positioned to border Inner Mongolia to its north and Qinghai Province to its south.
Zhangye is administratively divided into two urban districts and three counties.
Answer: False
Explanation: Zhangye's administrative structure includes one urban district, four counties, and one autonomous county, along with numerous towns and villages.
Zhangye occupies a total area of 42,000 square kilometers, which is equivalent to 16,000 square miles.
Answer: True
Explanation: Zhangye's total area is 42,000 square kilometers, which accurately converts to 16,000 square miles, spanning the width of Gansu Province.
The geographical coordinates 38.9248°N 100.4499°E pinpoint Zhangye's municipal government.
Answer: True
Explanation: The precise geographical coordinates 38.9248°N 100.4499°E correspond to the location of Zhangye's municipal government.
In which part of Gansu Province is Zhangye located?
Answer: Central
Explanation: Zhangye is a prefecture-level city located in the central part of Gansu Province.
Which two provinces or regions does Zhangye border?
Answer: Inner Mongolia and Qinghai
Explanation: Zhangye shares borders with Inner Mongolia to its north and Qinghai Province to its south.
How many urban districts are part of Zhangye's administrative structure?
Answer: One
Explanation: Zhangye's administrative structure includes one urban district, alongside four counties and one autonomous county.
What is the total area occupied by Zhangye in square miles?
Answer: 16,000 square miles
Explanation: Zhangye spans a total area of 16,000 square miles (42,000 square kilometers).
What is Zhangye's postal code?
Answer: 734000
Explanation: Zhangye's designated postal code is 734000.
Which of the following is NOT an administrative division of Zhangye?
Answer: Dunhuang County
Explanation: Ganzhou District, Minle County, and Sunan Yugur Autonomous County are administrative divisions of Zhangye. Dunhuang County is not listed as one of them.
What is Zhangye's ISO 3166 code?
Answer: CN-GS-07
Explanation: Zhangye's ISO 3166 code, an international standard identifier, is CN-GS-07.
The central district of Zhangye, Ganzhou, was historically a crucial outpost for the Western Xia dynasty.
Answer: True
Explanation: Ganzhou, Zhangye's central district, held historical significance as a vital outpost for the Western Xia dynasty, playing a key role in regional trade and defense.
Marco Polo referred to Zhangye as Changyeh in his journal.
Answer: False
Explanation: Marco Polo's journal, *The Travels*, refers to Zhangye by the name Campichu, not Changyeh.
The name 'Ganzhou' is believed to have originated from the 'sweet waters' found in its oasis.
Answer: True
Explanation: One theory for the etymology of 'Ganzhou' attributes its name to the 'sweet waters' (Ganquan) present in its oasis.
Gansu Province derived its name solely from the historical city of Ganzhou.
Answer: False
Explanation: The name of Gansu Province is a contraction derived from two historical cities: Ganzhou (modern-day Zhangye) and Suzhou (modern-day Jiuquan).
Zhangye Commandery was established in 111 BC by the Western Han dynasty.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Western Han dynasty established Zhangye Commandery in 111 BC, initially with its seat at Wuwei, Gansu.
The popular theory for 'Zhangye' etymology suggests it means 'Extending Arm' to the Western Realm.
Answer: True
Explanation: A prominent theory for the etymology of 'Zhangye' interprets it as 'Extending Arm,' referencing a Han Shu phrase about extending the country's reach to the Western Realm.
During the Western Han dynasty, Zhangye's strategic location in the Hexi Corridor helped protect China from northern nomads like the Xiongnu.
Answer: True
Explanation: Zhangye's strategic position in the Hexi Corridor during the Western Han dynasty was crucial for frontier defense against northern nomadic groups such as the Xiongnu.
Zhangye was an important outpost along the Silk Road, facilitating trade and cultural exchange.
Answer: True
Explanation: Zhangye served as a significant outpost on the Silk Road, a historical network essential for trade and the exchange of cultures and ideas between East and West.
Before the Mongol conquest, Zhangye was primarily dominated by the Tang dynasty.
Answer: False
Explanation: Prior to the Mongol conquest, Zhangye was dominated by the Western Xia dynasty and, before that, by the Uyghurs from the early 10th century.
Kublai Khan is traditionally believed to have been born in the Dafo Temple in Zhangye.
Answer: True
Explanation: Tradition holds that Kublai Khan, the founding emperor of the Yuan dynasty, was born in Zhangye's Dafo Temple.
Marco Polo's journal states he spent two years in Zhangye during his journey to China.
Answer: False
Explanation: Marco Polo's journal, *The Travels*, indicates he spent one year in Zhangye, which he referred to as Campichu.
The Dafo Temple is known for housing the longest wooden reclining Buddha in China.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Dafo Temple in Zhangye is renowned for containing the longest wooden reclining Buddha statue in China, making it a significant cultural and religious landmark.
The name 'Gansu' is a contraction derived from 'Ganzhou' and 'Suzhou'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The name of Gansu Province is formed by combining parts of the names of two historical cities: Ganzhou (Zhangye) and Suzhou (Jiuquan).
What was the historical significance of Ganzhou, Zhangye's central district?
Answer: It served as a crucial outpost for the Western Xia dynasty.
Explanation: Ganzhou, the central district of Zhangye, was historically a crucial outpost for the Western Xia dynasty, important for regional trade and defense.
What name did Marco Polo use for Zhangye in his journal, *The Travels*?
Answer: Campichu
Explanation: In Marco Polo's journal, *The Travels*, Zhangye is referred to by the name Campichu.
From which two historical cities is the name of Gansu Province derived?
Answer: Ganzhou and Suzhou
Explanation: The name 'Gansu' is a contraction formed from the names of the historical cities Ganzhou (modern Zhangye) and Suzhou (modern Jiuquan).
When was Zhangye Commandery established by the Western Han dynasty?
Answer: 111 BC
Explanation: Zhangye Commandery was established by the Western Han dynasty in 111 BC.
What is the popular theory regarding the etymology of 'Zhangye'?
Answer: Extending Arm
Explanation: A popular theory suggests that 'Zhangye' means 'Extending Arm,' symbolizing China's reach to the Western Realm.
What was Zhangye's strategic importance during the Western Han dynasty?
Answer: It served as a frontier protecting China proper from northern nomads.
Explanation: During the Western Han dynasty, Zhangye's strategic location in the Hexi Corridor was vital for protecting China proper from northern nomadic groups like the Xiongnu.
Which historical trade route was Zhangye an important outpost along?
Answer: The Silk Road
Explanation: Zhangye was a crucial outpost along the Silk Road, facilitating extensive trade and cultural exchange.
Which dynasties or states dominated Zhangye immediately before the Mongol conquest?
Answer: Western Xia and Uyghurs
Explanation: Before the Mongol conquest, Zhangye was dominated by the Western Xia dynasty, and prior to that, by the Uyghurs.
What significant event is associated with the Dafo Temple in Zhangye?
Answer: The birth of Kublai Khan.
Explanation: The Dafo Temple in Zhangye is historically significant as the traditional birthplace of Kublai Khan, the Yuan dynasty founder.
The pine forests of the Babao Mountains historically regulated the flow of the Ruo or Hei Shui river, preventing both early floods and later droughts.
Answer: True
Explanation: Historically, the pine forests in the Babao Mountains played a crucial role in regulating the Ruo or Hei Shui river's flow, ensuring consistent water supply and mitigating both floods and droughts for local agriculture.
Deforestation in Zhangye during the Qing dynasty was ordered to clear land for agricultural expansion.
Answer: False
Explanation: Deforestation in the Babao Mountains during the Qing dynasty was ordered by an imperial official to obtain wood for telegraph poles, not for agricultural expansion.
The Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park is located directly in the city center of Zhangye.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park is located approximately 30 kilometers (19 miles) west of Zhangye's city center, within Linze and Sunan counties.
Zhangye experiences a cold desert climate characterized by very warm summers and cold, very dry winters.
Answer: True
Explanation: Zhangye's climate is classified as a cold desert climate (Köppen BWk), featuring very warm summers and cold, exceptionally dry winters.
Snowfall is common in Zhangye due to its cold winters.
Answer: False
Explanation: Despite cold winters, snowfall is extremely rare in Zhangye due to the very dry conditions characteristic of its cold desert climate.
Zhangye's average annual relative humidity is 71%.
Answer: False
Explanation: Zhangye's average annual relative humidity is 49%, with monthly variations ranging from 35% to 59%.
Zhangye receives an average of over 3,000 sunshine hours annually.
Answer: True
Explanation: Zhangye experiences a high amount of sunlight, receiving an average of 3,101 sunshine hours annually.
The percentage of possible sunshine in Zhangye is highest in July.
Answer: False
Explanation: The percentage of possible sunshine in Zhangye is highest in November (80%) and lowest in July (65%).
The Qing dynasty deforestation in the Babao Mountains led to immediate environmental benefits.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Qing dynasty deforestation in the Babao Mountains resulted in immediate negative environmental consequences, specifically increased summer flooding and autumn droughts.
What was the primary environmental consequence of the Qing dynasty deforestation in the Babao Mountains?
Answer: Immediate summer flooding and autumn droughts.
Explanation: The deforestation of the Babao Mountains during the Qing dynasty led directly to severe environmental issues, including immediate summer flooding and subsequent autumn droughts.
The Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park is renowned for what feature?
Answer: Its colorful rock formations.
Explanation: The Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park is celebrated for its distinctive and colorful rock formations, recognized as one of China's most beautiful landforms.
What type of climate does Zhangye experience?
Answer: Cold desert
Explanation: Zhangye is characterized by a cold desert climate, classified as Köppen BWk, featuring very warm summers and cold, very dry winters.
What is the average annual percentage of possible sunshine in Zhangye?
Answer: 71%
Explanation: Zhangye experiences an average annual percentage of possible sunshine of 71%.
Which month experiences the lowest average relative humidity in Zhangye?
Answer: April
Explanation: April records the lowest average relative humidity in Zhangye, at 35%.
What is the mean annual temperature in Zhangye?
Answer: 7.8 degrees Celsius
Explanation: The mean annual temperature in Zhangye is 7.8 degrees Celsius (46.0 degrees Fahrenheit).
What was the primary purpose of clearing the pine forests in the Babao Mountains during the Qing dynasty?
Answer: To obtain wood for telegraph poles.
Explanation: The deforestation of the Babao Mountains during the Qing dynasty was primarily carried out to procure wood for telegraph poles.
The Ruo or Hei Shui river system in Ganzhou was historically regulated by what natural feature?
Answer: The pine forests of the Babao Mountains.
Explanation: Historically, the pine forests of the Babao Mountains played a critical role in regulating the flow of the Ruo or Hei Shui river, ensuring water stability for the region.
Christian missionaries first arrived in Zhangye in 1879.
Answer: True
Explanation: Christian missionaries established their presence in Zhangye in 1879, after initially finding Suzhou unsuitable for settlement.
Zhangye's population increased between the 2010 and 2020 censuses.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 2020 census reported a permanent population of 1,131,016 for Zhangye, representing a decrease of 68,499 people compared to the 2010 census.
The majority of Zhangye's total population consists of urban residents.
Answer: False
Explanation: Only 260,000 of Zhangye's total population were urban residents, indicating a predominantly rural population distribution.
Hui, Yugur, and Tibetan people are among the notable ethnic minorities in Zhangye.
Answer: True
Explanation: Beyond the Han Chinese majority, Zhangye's population includes significant numbers of Hui, Yugur, and Tibetan ethnic minorities, contributing to its cultural diversity.
When did Christian missionaries first arrive in Zhangye?
Answer: 1879
Explanation: Christian missionaries commenced their activities in Zhangye in 1879.
What was Zhangye's permanent population according to the 2020 census?
Answer: 1,131,016
Explanation: The Seventh National Census in 2020 recorded Zhangye's permanent population as 1,131,016.
Which of the following ethnic minorities are notably represented in Zhangye's population, besides Han Chinese?
Answer: Hui, Yugur, and Tibetan
Explanation: Hui, Yugur, and Tibetan people are among the 26 ethnic minorities contributing to Zhangye's cultural diversity, in addition to the Han Chinese majority.
Zhangye's urban core is located in an oasis, contributing to its status as an important regional agricultural center.
Answer: True
Explanation: The urban core of Zhangye is situated within an oasis, providing abundant water, sunlight, and fertile soil that underpin its role as a significant regional agricultural hub.
China National Highway G30 Expressway is one of the major highways serving Zhangye.
Answer: True
Explanation: China National Highway G30 Expressway, along with Highways 227 and 312, are key national routes serving Zhangye.
The Zhangye West Railway Station is part of the Lanzhou–Xinjiang Railway.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Zhangye West Railway Station is a high-speed railway station on the Lanzhou–Ürümqi High-Speed Railway, while the Zhangye Railway Station (located northeast of the city) is part of the Lanzhou–Xinjiang Railway.
Zhangye Ganzhou Airport commenced operations in October 2011.
Answer: True
Explanation: Zhangye Ganzhou Airport, a civilian-military facility, began its operations in October 2011.
In 2002, Zhangye's GDP showed an almost 9% growth over the preceding year.
Answer: True
Explanation: Zhangye's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2002 was 7.566 billion RMB, reflecting a growth rate of nearly 9% compared to the previous year.
Zhangye's urban core is situated in a desert region without significant water sources.
Answer: False
Explanation: Zhangye's urban core is located in an oasis, benefiting from abundant streams of the Ruo or Hei River, which are significant water sources.
What makes Zhangye an important regional agricultural center?
Answer: Its oasis formed by the Ruo or Hei River with fertile soil.
Explanation: Zhangye's urban core is situated in an oasis, where the Ruo or Hei River provides abundant streams, sunlight, and fertile soil, making it a crucial agricultural center.
Which major national highway is NOT listed as serving Zhangye?
Answer: G105 Expressway
Explanation: The listed major national highways serving Zhangye are G30 Expressway, 227, and 312. G105 Expressway is not mentioned.
When did the Zhangye West Railway Station, a high-speed railway station, open?
Answer: December 26, 2014
Explanation: The Zhangye West Railway Station, part of the Lanzhou–Ürümqi High-Speed Railway, commenced operations on December 26, 2014.
What was Zhangye's GDP in 2002?
Answer: 7.566 billion RMB
Explanation: In 2002, Zhangye's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was recorded as 7.566 billion RMB.
What was the annual urban income in Zhangye in 2002?
Answer: 5960 RMB
Explanation: In 2002, the annual urban income in Zhangye was 5960 RMB.
The Zhangye Ganzhou Airport offers flights to which two destinations?
Answer: Lanzhou and Xi'an
Explanation: Zhangye Ganzhou Airport provides air travel services to Lanzhou and Xi'an.
Hexi University in Zhangye enrolls approximately 10,000 students.
Answer: True
Explanation: Hexi University, located in Zhangye, has an approximate enrollment of 10,000 students.
Zhangye has hosted a round of the Chinese Rally Championship annually since 2011.
Answer: True
Explanation: Since 2011, Zhangye has been an annual host city for a round of the Chinese Rally Championship (CRC).
The Zhangye International Rally features a stadium built for side-by-side super special stages.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Chinese Rally Championship event in Zhangye includes a dedicated stadium designed for side-by-side super special stages, enhancing the spectator experience.
Approximately how many students are enrolled at Hexi University in Zhangye?
Answer: 10,000
Explanation: Hexi University in Zhangye has an approximate enrollment of 10,000 students.
What major sporting event has Zhangye hosted since 2011?
Answer: A round of the Chinese Rally Championship
Explanation: Since 2011, Zhangye has annually hosted a round of the Chinese Rally Championship (CRC).