From Pulpit to Pop
The enduring echoes of Dickenson Road Studios, a remarkable transformation from a Wesleyan Methodist Church into a pivotal hub for British film and television.
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Studio Overview
A Transformed Landmark
Dickenson Road Studios, located in Rusholme, Manchester, served as a significant film and television production facility in north-west England. Its unique history began in 1947 when a former Wesleyan Methodist Chapel was repurposed by Mancunian Films. This innovative conversion marked the birth of a dynamic creative space that would later become a key asset for BBC Television.
BBC's Northern Outpost
In 1954, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) acquired the studios, establishing it as their first regional television studio outside of London. This acquisition underscored the BBC's commitment to decentralizing production and fostering regional talent. The studio gained particular renown for hosting the initial broadcasts of the iconic music chart show, Top of the Pops, from 1964 to 1966.
A Brief, Bright Era
The studio's operational life concluded in 1975, coinciding with the BBC's relocation to the newly established New Broadcasting House on Oxford Road. Following its closure, the building was subsequently demolished. Today, a commemorative plaque on a residential property marks the historical site, serving as a tangible reminder of its profound cultural contributions to British media.
The Original Edifice
Architectural Heritage
Constructed in 1862 at a cost of £4,000, the Dickenson Road Wesleyan Methodist Church was a notable example of Geometric Decorated Gothic Revival architecture. Designed by the esteemed Manchester architects William Haley & Son, the building featured a distinctive gable-front, a high-pitched roof crowned with an ornate stone cross, and a traditional layout comprising a nave and transepts. The eastern end was graced by an apse, illuminated by three stained-glass windows, with provisions for future expansion.
Materials and Design
The exterior of the chapel was meticulously faced with Pierrepoint and Hollington stone, materials chosen for their aesthetic appeal and durability, contributing to the building's imposing and elegant presence. The Gothic Revival style, popular in the 19th century, aimed to reintroduce the architectural forms and decorative elements of medieval Gothic cathedrals, often symbolizing a return to traditional values and craftsmanship.
Closure as a Place of Worship
The Wesleyan Methodists, a prominent branch of Nonconformist Christianity influenced by John Wesley's teachings, saw significant changes in the early 20th century. In 1932, a major merger united the Wesleyans with the Primitive Methodist and United Methodist Churches, forming the Methodist Church of Great Britain. This consolidation led to the closure of numerous chapels, including Dickenson Road Church, which ceased its religious services in 1937, paving the way for its unexpected second life.
Mancunian Films Era
John E. Blakeley's Vision
In the 1930s, British film producer John E. Blakeley, through his company Blakeley's Productions Ltd., sought to expand his cinematic endeavors. Despite operating with modest production values in rented spaces, his films were instrumental in launching the career of variety entertainer George Formby. This success prompted Blakeley to relaunch his enterprise as Mancunian Films, with an ambitious vision to establish a dedicated studio outside the traditional London-centric film industry.
Studio Conversion and Funding
Blakeley's focus on the northern market led him to acquire the disused Dickenson Road Church in 1947. He invested a substantial £70,000 to transform the ecclesiastical structure into a modern two-stage film studio. This pioneering effort established the first British film studio located outside the south-east of England, a significant development for regional cinema. The project received crucial financial backing from the National Film Finance Corporation (NFFC), an organization dedicated to supporting independent British studios.
"Hollywood of the North"
The Dickenson Road Studios officially opened in 1947 with a grand ceremony attended by "John E." himself and a host of Mancunian screen luminaries, including George Formby, Frank Randle, Norman Evans, Dan Young, and Sandy Powell. The new studio quickly earned affectionate nicknames such as "the Hollywood of the North" or "Jollywood," reflecting its prolific output of comedy films. However, some critics, perhaps less charmed by the regional humor, humorously dubbed it the "Corn Exchange," a playful jab at what they perceived as unoriginal or low-quality comedy.
Notable Productions
The studio's inaugural production was Cup-tie Honeymoon in 1948, starring Sandy Powell and featuring future Coronation Street actors Pat Phoenix and Bernard Youens, with location filming at Maine Road football stadium. Over the next six years, Mancunian Films produced a string of features showcasing beloved northern entertainers like Frank Randle, Josef Locke, Diana Dors, and Jimmy Clitheroe. Despite often operating on shoestring budgets, the studio proved profitable. Upon reaching 65, Blakeley decided to retire, though Mancunian Films continued under his son, Tom, for many years, providing facilities for productions such as Hammer Horror's Hell Is a City (1960) and a variety of B-movies.
The BBC Era
Television's Ascendancy
The 1950s witnessed a dramatic shift in media consumption as the burgeoning reach of television began to impact cinema attendance. This evolving mass media landscape led to numerous film studios being acquired by emerging television broadcasters. Following this trend, the BBC, which had previously acquired London-based studios like Lime Grove (1949) and Ealing (1955), purchased Dickenson Road Studios from Mancunian Films in 1954.
First Regional TV Studio
With its acquisition, Dickenson Road Studios became a landmark: the BBC's first regional television studio situated outside the capital. This strategic move allowed the BBC to cultivate and broadcast content with a distinct northern voice and perspective. The studios became a vital production hub, hosting popular series starring comedian Harry Worth, various variety programs, and serving as the headquarters for BBC television drama in the North, producing early plays by notable writers such as Alan Plater.
Technical Constraints
Despite its significant role, the studio operated under certain technical limitations. Notably, Dickenson Road Studios lacked its own recording facilities. All visual content produced there had to be transmitted via landline to London for recording. Once recorded, the programs were then played back at the Manchester studio for quality control and review, highlighting the logistical challenges of early regional television production.
Birth of Top of the Pops
A Cultural Phenomenon Begins
On January 1, 1964, Dickenson Road Studios etched its name into television history by broadcasting the very first episode of the iconic pop music show, Top of the Pops. Presented by the charismatic duo of Jimmy Savile and Alan Freeman, and produced by Johnnie Stewart, the inaugural program featured a lineup that would define an era. The Rolling Stones opened the show with "I Wanna Be Your Man," followed by performances from Dusty Springfield ("I Only Want to Be with You") and The Hollies ("Stay"). The episode famously concluded with a montage of film clips set to The Beatles' "I Want to Hold Your Hand."
Star-Studded Stage
For three pivotal years, Studio A at Dickenson Road was the vibrant stage for Top of the Pops. Beyond Savile and Freeman, other presenters like Pete Murray and David Jacobs graced the show, alongside Samantha Juste, the "disc girl" who played the week's hit records live on air. Early episodes were broadcast live, with performers often miming to their own records. This practice, while common, sometimes led to memorable mishaps, such as The Swinging Blue Jeans' performance of "Hippy Hippy Shake" being played at the wrong speed in 1964. The studio saw the debut of numerous legendary acts, including The Kinks ("You Really Got Me," 1964) and The Who ("I Can't Explain," 1965), as well as appearances by The Merseybeats, Gerry and the Pacemakers, Peter and Gordon, The Fourmost, Small Faces, Ken Dodd, Val Doonican, Them, Cliff Richard, and The Animals. Due to the building's limitations, The Beatles themselves never performed live at Dickenson Road, with their appearances being pre-recorded at London's Riverside Studios.
Preserving the Moments
Regrettably, no archive recordings of the earliest Top of the Pops broadcasts from Dickenson Road are known to exist, leaving a gap in the visual history of these formative years. However, photographer Harry Goodwin, a Fallowfield native, captured many candid and iconic moments of the stars performing at the studios throughout the 1960s, including legendary figures like James Brown and Stevie Wonder. Goodwin's dedication, despite a modest weekly fee of £30, was recognized by producer Johnnie Stewart, who ensured Goodwin received a weekly mention in the program's closing credits.
Backstage Anecdotes
The experience of hosting leading pop celebrities in a former church in northern England often led to unique situations. Frances Line, then the production secretary, recalled the unusual sight of television cameras navigating the old church interior. Performers frequently endured long journeys from London by British Rail, though as the show's popularity soared, BBC budgets expanded to include flights from Heathrow. Manchester Airport ground staff became accustomed to late check-ins from pop stars. Bobby Elliott, drummer for The Hollies, remembered the "cosy" canteen, often packed with stars. This close proximity sometimes sparked unexpected conflicts, such as a reported fist-fight between The Swinging Blue Jeans and Mick Jagger and Keith Richards of the Rolling Stones over a biro.
Closure and Enduring Legacy
The Move to London
Dickenson Road Studios remained the cherished home of Top of the Pops until 1966. The show then transitioned to the larger and more versatile Lime Grove Studios in London. This move provided producer Johnnie Stewart with greater flexibility for presentation, allowing for more expansive sets and the ability to attract a trendier "Swinging London" studio audience, aligning the program with the burgeoning cultural scene of the capital. The first broadcast from Lime Grove aired on January 20, 1966.
Demolition and Remembrance
Following the relocation of Top of the Pops, the BBC's remaining operations at Dickenson Road were eventually transferred to the new Broadcasting House on Oxford Road in Manchester. The historic Dickenson Road building, having served its diverse purposes, was ultimately demolished in 1975. Today, the site is occupied by residential properties, but its significant past is not forgotten. A commemorative plaque affixed to one of the houses stands as a permanent tribute, marking the former location of Dickenson Road Studios and its indelible contribution to British film and television history.
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