What is Ealing, and where is it located?

Ealing is a district situated in west London, England. It is located approximately 7.5 miles (12.1 km) west of Charing Cross, a central point in London. Ealing serves as the administrative center for the London Borough of Ealing and is recognized as a major metropolitan center within the London Plan.

What was Ealing's historical status before its urban expansion?

Historically, Ealing was an ancient parish within the county of Middlesex. Prior to the significant urban expansion of London that occurred in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Ealing was characterized as a rural village.

How did Ealing transform from a rural village to a suburban center?

Ealing's transformation was driven by improvements in its communication links with London, notably the opening of its railway station in 1838. This development shifted the local economy from primarily market gardening to suburban development, leading to its growth.

Why was Ealing known as the 'Queen of the Suburbs'?

By 1902, Ealing had earned the nickname 'Queen of the Suburbs'. This title was attributed to its abundant greenery and its geographical position, being situated halfway between the bustling city and the tranquil countryside.

When did Ealing become a municipal borough and part of Greater London?

Ealing was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1901. It later became part of Greater London in 1965, marking a significant administrative change in its history.

What are the current characteristics of Ealing's town center and its surrounding neighborhoods?

Ealing's town center is commonly referred to as Ealing Broadway, which is both a railway interchange and a shopping center. The area exhibits characteristics of both leafy suburban environments and inner-city development, with neighborhoods like Pitshanger retaining the lower density, greenery, and architecture reminiscent of traditional villages.

What is the population of Ealing according to the 2011 census?

Based on the 2011 census, the population of Ealing, including the Northfields area, was recorded as 85,014.

What are the postcode districts associated with Ealing?

The primary postcode districts covering most of Ealing, including Ealing Broadway, South Ealing, and Ealing Common, are W5 and W13. Additionally, areas like West Twyford, located northeast of the town center, fall under the NW10 postcode area.

What is the origin of the name 'Ealing'?

The name 'Ealing' originates from the Gillingas, a Saxon tribe who derived their name from a patriarch named Gilla. Historical records show the place-name appearing as 'Yllinges' around 1170 and later as 'Elyng' in 1553.

What evidence exists for early human habitation in Ealing?

Archaeological findings suggest that parts of Ealing have been inhabited since the Lower Palaeolithic Age, indicating habitation by Neanderthal humans. While Mousterian tools, typical of Neanderthals, are not found in southeast England, the presence of Levallois-type tools is consistent with hand axes discovered in the area.

What archaeological finds from the Iron Age have been noted in Ealing?

During the Iron Age, Carthaginian and pre-Roman bronze coins were discovered in the Middlesex area, including in Ealing. These finds, though less numerous than those from Dorset, suggest potential trade or the presence of imported bronze scrap.

What is the historical significance of St. Mary's Church in Ealing?

St. Mary's Church is the ancient parish church of Ealing. Its priest was appointed by the Bishop of London as early as circa 1127. The church underwent significant damage and rebuilding in the mid-17th century, with services temporarily held elsewhere after its ruinous state around 1675.

What information does the 1599 Ealing census provide?

The census conducted in Ealing in January 1599 is the earliest surviving English census. It meticulously lists all 85 households in Ealing village, detailing the names, ages, relationships, and occupations of the inhabitants. This document is preserved at The National Archives.

What was the economic activity in Ealing during the medieval period?

In the medieval period, Ealing was characterized by manors such as Ealing, Gunnersbury, and Pitshanger. Agricultural activities primarily involved growing wheat, barley, and rye, alongside significant pasture for livestock like cows and sheep, and recorded poultry keeping. Tenants of Ealing manor also rented fisheries in the Thames.

How did transportation improvements impact Ealing's development in the 19th century?

The improvement of roads, particularly the graveling of the old Oxford Road (later renamed Uxbridge Road) due to the Toll Road Act, made it a vital thoroughfare. This, combined with the opening of the railway station in 1838, facilitated easier travel for Londoners seeking to escape the city, leading to Ealing becoming a desirable residential area.

Which notable figures lived in Ealing during its early suburban development?

Several prominent figures chose Ealing as a residence during its early suburban growth. These included architect John Soane, who bought Pitzhanger Manor, the Duke of Kent, who acquired a house at Castlebar, and Spencer Perceval, the Prime Minister who was later assassinated, who lived at Elm House.

What role did inns play along the Uxbridge Road in Ealing?

Inns such as The Feathers, The Bell, The Green Man, and The Old Hats were situated along the Uxbridge Road to cater to travelers and their horses. These establishments provided necessary stops for changing horses and refreshing travelers, making the road a popular route, sometimes frequented by highwaymen.

What was the significance of the Great Western Railway's impact on Ealing?

The construction of the Great Western Railway in the 1830s, which passed through Ealing, was a pivotal development. It led to the opening of a railway station on the Broadway in 1879 and spurred the rebuilding of much of Ealing with housing for the middle class, supported by improved infrastructure like gas mains and electricity.

How did Ealing's infrastructure develop during the Victorian era?

During the Victorian era, Ealing transformed into a town with the development of well-metalled roads, schools, and public buildings. The local Board of Health commissioned advanced drainage and sewage systems and installed drinking fountains, while Ealing Broadway emerged as a significant shopping hub.

Who was Charles Jones, and what was his contribution to Ealing's development?

Charles Jones served as Ealing's Borough Surveyor from 1863 to 1913. He was instrumental in the town's development, directing the planting of horse chestnut trees on Ealing Common, designing Ealing Town Hall (both current and former structures), and overseeing the conversion of the Walpole estate into a public leisure garden.

What was the purpose of the Anglo-French Survey (1784-1790), and how was Ealing involved?

The Anglo-French Survey aimed to link the Royal Greenwich Observatory with the Paris Observatory using trigonometric readings. Hanger Hill Tower (also known as Mount Castle Tower) in Ealing served as the survey's northernmost observation point, facilitating sightings to other locations for this scientific endeavor.

What developments occurred in Ealing in the early 20th century related to public services and transport?

In 1901, Ealing became a municipal borough, Walpole Park was opened, and electric trams began operating along the Uxbridge Road. The tram company was required to install modern street lighting, and a municipally-built generating station provided power for additional streetlights, enhancing the area's infrastructure.

What architectural styles are characteristic of Ealing's suburban development?

Ealing features various architectural styles reflecting its suburban growth. The Brentham Garden Suburb was built in the early 20th century, while interwar garden estates near Hanger Lane showcased mock Tudor styles. The Ealing Village apartment blocks, built in the 1930s, are now Grade II listed.

What major transport infrastructure projects have been planned or completed in Ealing in the 21st century?

In the early 21st century, Transport for London planned a West London Tram scheme along Uxbridge Road, which was abandoned in 2007. More recently, Ealing Broadway and West Ealing stations were integrated into the Elizabeth line in 2022, significantly improving rail connectivity.

What is Ealing most famous for in terms of its cultural contribution?

Ealing is most renowned for its film studios, located at Ealing Green, which are considered the oldest in the world. These studios are particularly famous for the 'Ealing comedies,' a series of classic British films.

Can you name some of the famous Ealing comedies?

Some of the well-known Ealing comedies produced at the Ealing Studios include 'Kind Hearts and Coronets,' 'Passport to Pimlico,' 'The Ladykillers,' and 'The Lavender Hill Mob.' These films are celebrated for their distinctive wit and style.

How have Ealing Studios been utilized in television production?

After being taken over by the BBC in 1955, Ealing Studios became a significant location for television programs. Notable examples include 'Doctor Who,' where local residents were menaced by mannequins in a 1970 sequence, and 'Monty Python's Flying Circus.' More recently, the studios were used for filming parts of the historical television series 'Downton Abbey.'

What is the current status of cinema facilities in Ealing?

After a period without dedicated cinemas following the closure of the Ealing Empire in 2008, Ealing has seen new developments. The Ealing Project, a community space featuring a cinema, opened in 2022, and the 'Filmworks' development, including a Picturehouse cinema, is also underway.

What are the notable religious buildings in Ealing?

Ealing features several significant religious sites, including St. Peter's Church on Mount Park Road and the ancient parish church, St. Mary's. Ealing Abbey, founded in 1897 by Benedictine monks, is a prominent Roman Catholic monastery. The area also has two synagogues and numerous other churches.

What is the musical significance of the Ealing Jazz Club?

The Ealing Jazz Club, located opposite Ealing Broadway station, was a significant venue in the early 1960s. It was where Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, and Brian Jones of The Rolling Stones first met. Other notable artists like Rod Stewart and Manfred Mann also performed there.

Which famous musicians have connections to Ealing?

Several prominent musicians have ties to Ealing. John McVie, bassist for Fleetwood Mac, was born there. Dusty Springfield lived in West Ealing as a teenager. The core members of the band Brand New Heavies also hail from Ealing, where they formed the group in 1985. Mitch Mitchell, drummer for The Jimi Hendrix Experience, was also born in Ealing.

What sports clubs are based in Ealing?

Ealing is home to the Ealing Trailfinders Rugby Club. The Ealing, Southall & Middlesex Athletics Club, founded in 1920, has notable alumni like Olympic champion Kelly Holmes. The ESC D3 Triathlon Club is also based in Ealing.

What is the history and success of Ealing Cricket Club?

Ealing Cricket Club was established in 1870 and plays its main matches on Corfton Road. The club has achieved considerable success, winning the Middlesex County Cricket League championship 11 times. It fields multiple senior teams, a women's team, and has a strong junior section.

What annual festivals are held in Ealing?

Ealing hosts several annual festivals, including the Jazz Festival and the Beer Festival, both held in Walpole Park. The Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA, offers a wide selection of real ales. Other festivals include the Ealing Music and Film Valentine Festival, Blues Festival, Comedy Festival, and Opera in the Park.

In which fictional works has Ealing been featured or referenced?

Ealing has been featured in various fictional works. It served as the setting for the children's comedy show 'Rentaghost,' and parts of the 'Lockwood & Co' book series are set there. Fictional characters from 'The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin,' 'EastEnders,' and 'Doctor Who' have also been associated with Ealing.

What is the linguistic landscape of Ealing?

Ealing is noted for its linguistic diversity. While English is the primary language, Polish is widely spoken, leading 'The Guardian' to describe Ealing as a 'nation's hotspot for Polish speaking.' Other common languages include Punjabi, Somali, Arabic, Urdu, and Tamil.

What media outlets serve the Ealing area?

The Ealing area is served by community radio station Westside 89.6FM, based in Hanwell, and Blast Radio, the student station for the University of West London. Additionally, a digital local newspaper, EALING.NEWS, covers the borough.

What political connections does Ealing have?

Ealing has historical political connections, including the time when Ho Chi Minh reportedly worked at The Drayton Court Hotel in West Ealing. The North Korean Embassy is also located at 73 Gunnersbury Avenue in Ealing.

What is the geographical relationship between Ealing and major transport routes?

Ealing is situated near significant transport arteries. The A406 North Circular Road runs through the eastern part of Ealing, and the M4 motorway is located close to its southern boundary. It is also less than two miles from the Tideway of the River Thames at Kew Bridge.

Which parks and open spaces are located within Ealing?

Ealing is characterized by numerous parks and open spaces, including Ealing Common, Walpole Park, Lammas Park, Cleveland Park, Hanger Hill Park, Montpelier Park, and Pitshanger Park. The River Brent flows through Pitshanger Park.

What are the primary London Underground lines serving Ealing?

Ealing is served by three main London Underground lines: the Piccadilly line, which stops at Park Royal, North Ealing, Ealing Common, South Ealing, and Northfields; the Central line, accessible at Ealing Broadway and Hanger Lane; and the District line, with stations at Ealing Broadway and Ealing Common.

Which National Rail services operate in Ealing?

National Rail services in Ealing are primarily provided by Great Western Railway and TfL Rail (now part of the Elizabeth line). Stations like Ealing Broadway and West Ealing are key hubs for these services.

What was the historical significance of Ealing's windmills?

Ealing's demesne featured a windmill in 1318, which was rebuilt in 1363-64. This windmill was later destroyed and repaired multiple times, indicating its importance for processing local grain in the medieval and early modern periods.

How did Ealing's water supply contribute to its attractiveness as a suburb?

The construction of Fox's Reservoir in 1881 and a neighboring, larger reservoir around 1889 provided a substantial supply of good water. This reliable water source significantly enhanced Ealing's appeal and contributed to its growth as a desirable residential area.

What is the significance of Ealing's street lighting and drainage systems?

During the Victorian era, Ealing implemented advanced public services, including London's first modern drainage and sewage systems, commissioned by the Board of Health. The electric tram company also contributed by incorporating modern street lighting along the Uxbridge Road, further improving the urban environment.

What role did Ealing play in the development of early cinema and theatre?

Ealing is historically significant for its film studios, known as Ealing Studios, which are among the oldest in the world and famous for the Ealing comedies. The area also has a dedicated theatre, The Questors Theatre, located on Mattock Lane.

What is the historical context of the Ealing Jazz Club?

The Ealing Jazz Club, situated opposite Ealing Broadway station, was a pivotal venue in the early 1960s British music scene. It served as a meeting place for future members of The Rolling Stones and hosted performances by other prominent artists, contributing to the burgeoning rock and roll culture.

Ealing Wiki: Ealing: West London's Verdant Legacy

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Historical Trajectory

Origins and Toponymy

Ealing's name originates from the Saxon tribe, the Gillingas, documented around 700 AD. Initially a rural village within Middlesex, its transformation began with improved transport links, notably the railway opening in 1838. By 1902, it earned the moniker "Queen of the Suburbs" for its blend of greenery and accessibility.

Early Development and Infrastructure

Evidence suggests habitation dating back to the Lower Palaeolithic era. The medieval period saw Ealing as part of a forest landscape, with agriculture and manorial systems defining its structure. The parish church, St. Mary's, has records dating back to the 12th century. Ealing's first census in 1599 provides valuable demographic insights.

Archaeological Finds: Evidence of Palaeolithic and Iron Age activity.
Manorial System: Land ownership included Ealing, Gunnersbury, and Pitshanger manors.
Agriculture: Primarily grain cultivation (wheat, barley, rye) and animal husbandry. Extensive orchards were noted from the 16th century onwards.
Infrastructure: A windmill existed on Ealing demesne in the 14th century.
Early Education: Great Ealing School founded in 1698, later gaining renown before closing in 1908.
Community Life: A fair was held on the green until 1880.
Resource Management: Early records indicate significant fishing activities in the Thames.

Victorian Expansion and Suburban Growth

The 19th century marked Ealing's transition into a Victorian suburb. The Great Western Railway spurred development, leading to the establishment of Ealing Broadway station in 1879. This era saw significant rebuilding, the introduction of gas and electricity, and the creation of public parks like Lammas Park and Ealing Common. Charles Jones, Borough Surveyor, was instrumental in developing infrastructure and public spaces.

Transport: Railway expansion and horse-drawn buses facilitated commuting to London.
Urban Planning: Development of semi-detached housing for the middle class.
Public Utilities: Installation of modern drainage, sewage systems, and public drinking fountains.
Green Spaces: Preservation and creation of parks such as Walpole Park.
Civic Development: Construction of Ealing Town Hall and street enhancements under Charles Jones.
Architectural Styles: Mock Tudor style evident in garden estates near Hanger Lane.
Ealing Village: Mid-rise apartment blocks built in the 1930s, noted for their setting.

Geographical Context

Location and Boundaries

Ealing is situated in West London, approximately 7.5 miles (12.1 km) west of Charing Cross. It is bisected by the North Circular Road (A406) and lies near the M4 motorway. The River Brent flows through parts of the area, notably near Walpole Park.

Parks and Open Spaces

Ealing is renowned for its numerous green spaces, contributing to its "Queen of the Suburbs" reputation. Notable parks include:

Ealing Common
Walpole Park
Lammas Park
Cleveland Park
Hanger Hill Park
Montpelier Park
Pitshanger Park
Blondin Park
Fox Wood
Grove Farm
Gunnersbury Triangle
Horsenden Hill
Islip Manor Meadows
Litten Nature Reserve
Long Wood
Northala Fields
Northolt Manor
Perivale Wood

Connectivity and Transit

Rail and Underground Network

Ealing serves as a significant transport hub. Ealing Broadway station is a key interchange for the Great Western Main Line, London Underground (Central and District lines), and the Elizabeth line. Other stations serving the area include North Ealing, South Ealing, Hanger Lane, Northfields, Park Royal, Ealing Common, and West Ealing.

Bus Services and Road Networks

Numerous bus routes, including night services, operate from Ealing Broadway. Major road networks like the North Circular Road and proximity to the M4 motorway enhance vehicular connectivity. Past proposals for a West London Tram scheme along Uxbridge Road were ultimately abandoned.

Economic Landscape

Commercial and Retail Hub

Ealing Broadway functions as a major commercial and retail centre, featuring the Ealing Broadway Centre. The area supports a developed night-time economy, characterized by numerous pubs and restaurants concentrated along The Mall, The Broadway, and New Broadway.

Cultural Contributions

Film and Theatre Heritage

Ealing is globally recognized for its historic film studios, the oldest in the world, famed for the Ealing comedies. The area also boasts The Questors Theatre, a significant venue for performing arts. Recent developments include the Ealing Project cinema and the ongoing Filmworks cinema complex.

Musical Significance

The Ealing Jazz Club was a pivotal venue in the 1960s, hosting early performances by artists like Mick Jagger and Rod Stewart. The area has been home to numerous musicians and bands, contributing significantly to British music history.

Ealing Studios

A Legacy in Filmmaking

Ealing Studios holds a distinguished place in cinematic history, renowned for the classic Ealing comedies. It later served as a base for the BBC, featuring in productions like Doctor Who. Today, it continues to be a prominent site for film and television production, including the acclaimed series Downton Abbey.

Cinematic and Theatrical Venues

Beyond the studios, Ealing's cinematic heritage is preserved in venues like the Walpole Picture Theatre facade. The community benefits from modern facilities such as the Ealing Project cinema and the established Questors Theatre, fostering local arts engagement.

Faith and Community

Diverse Religious Presence

Ealing hosts a variety of religious institutions, reflecting its diverse community. Notable sites include the historic St. Mary's Church, the Benedictine Ealing Abbey, St. Peter's Church, and multiple synagogues and mosques serving the local population.

Musical Heritage

Cradle of Rock and Roll

The Ealing Club, opposite Ealing Broadway station, was a seminal venue where artists like Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, and Rod Stewart began their careers. This historical significance has led some to claim Ealing as the birthplace of British rock music.

Notable Musicians and Bands

Ealing has been the birthplace or home of numerous influential musicians, including John McVie (Fleetwood Mac), Dusty Springfield, members of Brand New Heavies, Mitch Mitchell (The Jimi Hendrix Experience), and the band White Lies, underscoring the area's deep connection to popular music.

Athletic Pursuits

Rugby and Football

Ealing is home to the Ealing Trailfinders Rugby Club. While lacking a major professional football club historically, Ealing Town Football Club now competes in local leagues. Gaelic Games are also prominent within the local Irish community.

Athletics and Cricket

The Ealing, Southall & Middlesex Athletics Club has a distinguished history, counting Olympic champion Kelly Holmes among its former members. Ealing Cricket Club, founded in 1870, is highly successful within the Middlesex County Cricket League.

Annual Celebrations

Community Gatherings

Ealing hosts several annual festivals, primarily in Walpole Park. These include the Ealing Jazz Festival, a popular Beer Festival organized by CAMRA featuring over 200 real ales, Blues Festival, Comedy Festival, and Opera in the Park, showcasing the area's vibrant cultural life.

Ealing in Literature and Media

Television and Film Settings

Ealing has served as a backdrop for numerous television shows and films, including The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin, Rentaghost, and various Doctor Who productions. Its distinct suburban character has made it a popular filming location.

Literary References

The district features in notable literary works such as James Hilton's Goodbye, Mr. Chips, Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, George Orwell's Coming Up for Air, and Thomas Merton's autobiography The Seven Storey Mountain, reflecting its presence in the cultural imagination.

Linguistic Diversity

Multilingual Community

Ealing is noted for its significant linguistic diversity. Following English, Polish is a prominent language, alongside Punjabi, Somali, Arabic, Urdu, and Tamil, reflecting the area's multicultural demographic composition.

Local Media Outlets

Radio and Digital News

Community radio station Westside 89.6FM serves the borough, broadcasting from nearby Hanwell. Blast Radio operates as the student station for the University of West London. The independent community news website EALING.NEWS provides local coverage.

Political Landscape

International Connections

Ealing has hosted figures like Ho Chi Minh, who reportedly worked at the Drayton Court Hotel. The North Korean Embassy is located at 73 Gunnersbury Avenue, representing a diplomatic presence within the district.

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References

Street Trees in Britain: A History, Mark Johnston and Windgather Press, Oxbow Books (Oxford, UK & Havertown, PA & Melita Press, Malta), 2017

John Foster White (1986) Ealing: Queen of the suburbs walk. Ealing Civic Society (2009 Ed). Accessed 7 November 2010

The Duchess of Cambridge visits the set of Downton Abbey at Ealing Studios. Accessed 7 February 2021

Ealing Project - About Us

Shown on the network map when she logs on in The Bells of Saint John, their home is immediately north of the intersection of S. Ealing Rd. and Pope's Ln.

A full list of references for this article are available at the Ealing Wikipedia page

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Academic Disclaimer

Important Considerations

This document has been synthesized by an AI, drawing upon publicly available data. While striving for accuracy and academic rigor suitable for higher education students, it is intended for informational and educational purposes only. Users should consult primary sources and official documentation for critical applications. The content does not constitute professional advice regarding history, urban planning, or cultural analysis.

Ealing: West London's Verdant Legacy

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

Historical Trajectory ⏳

📜 Origins and Toponymy

🏛️ Early Development and Infrastructure

🏘️ Victorian Expansion and Suburban Growth

Geographical Context 🗺️

📍 Location and Boundaries

🌳 Parks and Open Spaces

Connectivity and Transit 🚆

🚉 Rail and Underground Network

🚌 Bus Services and Road Networks

Economic Landscape 💼

🛍️ Commercial and Retail Hub

Cultural Contributions 🎭

🎬 Film and Theatre Heritage

🎵 Musical Significance

Ealing Studios 🎥

🌟 A Legacy in Filmmaking

🎞️ Cinematic and Theatrical Venues

Faith and Community ⛪

✝️ Diverse Religious Presence

Musical Heritage 🎶

🎸 Cradle of Rock and Roll

🎤 Notable Musicians and Bands

Athletic Pursuits ⚽

🏉 Rugby and Football

🏃 Athletics and Cricket

Annual Celebrations 🎉

🍻 Community Gatherings

Ealing in Literature and Media 📚

📺 Television and Film Settings

📖 Literary References

Linguistic Diversity 🗣️

🌍 Multilingual Community

Local Media Outlets 📰

📻 Radio and Digital News

Political Landscape 🏛️

🌍 International Connections

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

Edit and Print this course in the Wiki2Web Teacher Studio

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References

📜 References

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Academic Disclaimer ⚠️

📜 Important Considerations

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Historical Trajectory

Origins and Toponymy

Early Development and Infrastructure

Victorian Expansion and Suburban Growth

Geographical Context

Location and Boundaries

Parks and Open Spaces

Connectivity and Transit

Rail and Underground Network

Bus Services and Road Networks

Economic Landscape

Commercial and Retail Hub

Cultural Contributions

Film and Theatre Heritage

Musical Significance

Ealing Studios

A Legacy in Filmmaking

Cinematic and Theatrical Venues

Faith and Community

Diverse Religious Presence

Musical Heritage

Cradle of Rock and Roll

Notable Musicians and Bands

Athletic Pursuits

Rugby and Football

Athletics and Cricket

Annual Celebrations

Community Gatherings

Ealing in Literature and Media

Television and Film Settings

Literary References

Linguistic Diversity

Multilingual Community

Local Media Outlets

Radio and Digital News

Political Landscape

International Connections

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Academic Disclaimer

Important Considerations