What is the East Riding of Yorkshire, and what region of England does it belong to?

The East Riding of Yorkshire, often shortened to the East Riding or East Yorkshire, is a ceremonial county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. It is situated to the east of the county of Yorkshire.

What geographical features border the East Riding of Yorkshire?

The East Riding of Yorkshire borders North Yorkshire to the north and west, South Yorkshire to the southwest, and Lincolnshire to the south across the Humber Estuary. To its east, it faces the North Sea.

What is the largest settlement within the East Riding of Yorkshire?

The largest settlement in the East Riding of Yorkshire is the city of Kingston upon Hull, which also serves as the county's primary economic and transport hub.

What are the administrative divisions governing the East Riding of Yorkshire?

The East Riding of Yorkshire is governed by two unitary authorities: Hull City Council, which manages the city of Kingston upon Hull, and the East Riding of Yorkshire Council, which oversees the remainder of the county.

What is the origin of the name 'East Riding of Yorkshire'?

The county derives its name from the East Riding, which was a historic subdivision of the larger county of Yorkshire.

Describe the general landscape of the East Riding of Yorkshire.

The East Riding features diverse landscapes, including the low-lying plain of Holderness in the east, enclosed by the Yorkshire Wolds, a range of chalk hills. The western part is part of the Vale of York, and the southwest includes the Humberhead Levels.

What are the key geological characteristics of the Yorkshire Wolds within the East Riding?

The Yorkshire Wolds in the East Riding are characterized by a chalk formation that extends from the Humber Estuary to Flamborough Head. This chalk uplands area is known for its good drainage, resulting in many dry valleys.

How is the Holderness landscape geologically distinct?

The Holderness landscape is primarily composed of till, boulder clays, and glacial lake clays deposited by the Devensian glaciation. This forms a lowland plain with peat-filled depressions and scattered glacial features like drumlins and kettle holes, supporting fertile soils for agriculture.

What is notable about the Holderness coastline?

The Holderness coastline experiences the highest rate of coastal erosion in Europe, losing an average of 2 meters per year. This erosion has led to the loss of former settlements, such as Ravenser Odd and Ravenspurn.

How does the climate of the East Riding of Yorkshire compare to its latitude?

For its latitude, the East Riding generally experiences mild winters and cooler summers. This is influenced by the Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic Ocean, as well as the sheltering effect of the Pennines and the proximity of the North Sea.

What are the primary influences on the East Riding's climate?

The climate is influenced by predominantly westerly winds, bringing unsettled weather, particularly in winter. The Pennines provide shelter from the worst of these winds, while the North Sea moderates temperatures.

When was the current ceremonial county of East Riding of Yorkshire established?

The current ceremonial county of East Riding of Yorkshire was established on April 1, 1996, following recommendations from the Local Government Commission for England.

What administrative changes led to the current East Riding of Yorkshire?

The current East Riding was formed in 1996 after the abolition of Humberside. It was re-established as a ceremonial county covering the areas managed by the East Riding of Yorkshire Council and Hull City Council.

What was the administrative structure of Yorkshire before the creation of modern counties?

Historically, Yorkshire was divided into three ridings: the East Riding, North Riding, and West Riding, along with the Ainsty. These ridings had separate Quarter Sessions and administrative functions.

How did the Local Government Act of 1888 affect Yorkshire?

The Local Government Act of 1888 led to the creation of administrative counties based on historic boundaries. For Yorkshire, due to its size, three administrative county councils were formed, one for each riding, including the East Riding County Council.

What was the impact of the Local Government Act of 1972 on the East Riding?

The Local Government Act of 1972 abolished the historic administrative county and lieutenancy of the East Riding, replacing them with the newly created Humberside County Council, which controversially combined areas from Yorkshire and Lincolnshire.

What is the political composition of the East Riding of Yorkshire Council following the 2023 election?

Following the 2023 election, the Conservative Party formed a minority administration, with Anne Handley elected as leader of the council. The Conservatives held 29 seats, the Liberal Democrats 22, Labour 4, and Independents 9.

What is the demographic profile of the East Riding of Yorkshire regarding age and ethnicity?

The East Riding has a higher proportion of residents aged 40 and above and a deficit in young adults. The population is predominantly white, with the 2021 census reporting 97.4% of inhabitants as white.

Which settlements are considered the largest in the ceremonial county of East Riding of Yorkshire by population?

The largest settlements by population are Kingston upon Hull (257,100), Bridlington (35,369), Beverley (30,351), Goole (19,518), Cottingham (17,164), Hessle (15,000), Driffield (13,080), Elloughton-cum-Brough (10,075), Anlaby (9,794), and Hornsea (8,432).

What are some notable historic buildings and religious sites in the East Riding of Yorkshire?

Notable historic buildings include Burnby Hall, Burton Agnes Manor House and Hall, Sewerby Hall, Skipsea Castle, and Fort Paull. Significant religious sites are Beverley Minster, Howden Minster, Hull Minster, Bridlington Priory, and the parish church of St Augustine in Hedon.

What is the significance of Skidby Windmill?

Skidby Windmill is a working windmill where visitors can see flour being ground on certain days. It is situated amidst the fertile agricultural land characteristic of the East Riding.

What is the role of the Yorkshire Wolds Way in the region?

The Yorkshire Wolds Way is a long-distance footpath that traverses the Yorkshire Wolds, offering scenic views and connecting various points of interest within the East Riding and beyond.

What are the main transport links in the East Riding of Yorkshire?

Key transport links include parts of the M62 and M18 motorways, primary roads like the A63 and A165, Hull Paragon Interchange railway station, and various bus services operated by companies such as First York, Stagecoach, and East Yorkshire Motor Services. The Humber Bridge connects Hessle to Lincolnshire.

Which train operators serve Hull Paragon Interchange?

Train operators serving Hull Paragon Interchange include Hull Trains, London North Eastern Railway, Northern, and TransPennine Express, connecting the area to various parts of the UK.

What is the economic landscape of the East Riding of Yorkshire characterized by?

The East Riding is largely rural, with market towns and coastal resorts. Agriculture is a significant sector, though its contribution has declined. The area also hosts gas terminals and has a high employment rate with a low unemployment level, though some towns experience unemployment 'hotspots'.

What is the significance of Easington in the East Riding's economy?

Easington is home to the Easington Gas Terminal, which is utilized by the Langeled pipeline, and three other gas terminals operated by BP and Centrica, highlighting the area's role in energy infrastructure.

What is the trend in renewable energy generation potential in the East Riding?

The East Riding has significant potential for renewable energy generation, particularly from wind energy, due to its geographical location. Targets for installed grid-connected renewable energy capacity have been exceeded by wind farm proposals.

What historical industrial developments shaped the East Riding's landscape and economy?

In the 18th century, a canal network was developed, improving drainage and navigation. The 19th century saw the creation of a rail network that supported coastal resorts and the agricultural community by facilitating the transport of goods to Hull for export and to the West Riding's industrial markets.

How many schools are supported by the East Riding local education authority?

The East Riding local education authority supports a total of 150 schools, comprising 131 primary schools and 19 secondary schools.

What were the results of the East Riding's primary and secondary school performance tables in 2009?

In 2009, the East Riding slipped in national performance tables for primary school test results, dropping to 28th. For secondary schools, it slipped to 39th, despite achieving its best GCSE results since the council's inception, with 52.5% of students achieving five or more good GCSEs including maths and English.

What specialized further education is available in the East Riding?

Bishop Burton College, located in Bishop Burton, offers further and higher education specializing in agriculture and equine studies.

What public services are provided by Humberside Police and Humberside Fire and Rescue Service?

Both the East Riding and Hull are covered by the Humberside Police for law enforcement and the Humberside Fire and Rescue Service for fire and rescue operations.

Which NHS trusts provide hospital services in the East Riding?

The Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust manages hospitals such as Castle Hill Hospital and Hull Royal Infirmary. Bridlington Hospital and the Alfred Bean Hospital in Driffield are run by the Scarborough and North East Yorkshire Healthcare NHS Trust.

What is notable about the East Riding of Yorkshire's recycling rates?

The East Riding of Yorkshire has achieved high recycling rates, being recognized as the first Unitary Authority in England for household waste recycling, composting, and reuse in 2021, with 60.8% of household waste processed this way.

Which professional sports teams are based in Hull within the East Riding region?

Hull is home to two professional rugby league teams, Hull F.C. and Hull Kingston Rovers, both competing in the Super League. Hull City A.F.C. is a professional football club playing in the EFL Championship.

What equestrian events or traditions are associated with the East Riding?

The Kiplingcotes Derby, claimed to be the world's oldest horse race, has been held annually in the East Riding since 1519. Beverley Racecourse also hosts horse racing events.

What media outlets serve the East Riding of Yorkshire?

Media coverage includes BBC Yorkshire and Lincolnshire and ITV Yorkshire. Local radio stations include BBC Radio Humberside and various commercial and community stations. Newspapers like the Hull Daily Mail and Bridlington Free Press also serve the region.

What is the historical significance of Beverley Minster?

Beverley Minster, dating back to the 11th century, is a significant religious site and one of the county's most visited attractions, showcasing historical architecture and religious heritage.

What role did canals play in the historical development of the East Riding?

In the 18th century, canals like the Pocklington Canal, and improvements to the River Hull and Market Weighton Canal, aided navigation and helped drain low-lying areas, supporting trade and agriculture.

How has the landscape of the East Riding changed due to agricultural practices?

The agricultural landscape, largely established by enclosure in the 18th and 19th centuries, saw some changes in the 20th century with the removal of hedgerows to accommodate larger agricultural machinery.

What is the significance of the Hull and Humber Ports City Region Partnership?

The Hull and Humber Ports City Region Partnership is a collaboration between East Riding of Yorkshire Council, Hull City Council, and North East and North Lincolnshire Councils, aimed at regional development and cooperation.

What is the primary function of the Defence School of Transport at Leconfield?

The Defence School of Transport at Leconfield is a major employer in the East Riding, training approximately 14,000 personnel annually from the Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Marines, and providing over 1,000 civilian jobs.

What is the general crime rate trend in the East Riding compared to the national average?

The crime rate in the East Riding is generally lower than the national average for categories such as robbery, sexual offenses, vehicle theft, violence against persons, and burglary.

What is the significance of the East Riding's population pyramid?

The population pyramid indicates a larger proportion of residents aged 40 and above and a notable deficit in the number of young adults, suggesting an aging population trend.

What is the average daily temperature range in January in Kingston upon Hull?

In Kingston upon Hull, the mean daily maximum temperature in January is 7.7°C (45.9°F), while the mean daily minimum temperature is 2.1°C (35.8°F).

What is the average annual precipitation in the East Riding of Yorkshire?

The East Riding of Yorkshire receives an average annual precipitation of approximately 693.4 mm (27.30 inches), based on data from Kingston upon Hull between 1991 and 2020.

What is the average number of precipitation days per month in the East Riding?

The East Riding experiences an average of about 10 to 12 days of precipitation (1.0 mm or more) per month, with November having the highest average at 12.6 days.

What is the average annual sunshine duration in the East Riding of Yorkshire?

The East Riding of Yorkshire receives an average of approximately 1,558.7 hours of sunshine annually, with the highest monthly average occurring in April (159.1 hours).

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Overview

Ceremonial County

The East Riding of Yorkshire, often abbreviated to the East Riding or East Yorkshire, is a ceremonial county in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. It borders North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, and Lincolnshire, with the Humber Estuary forming its southern boundary.

Key Settlements

The largest settlement is the city of Kingston upon Hull, a major port and economic center. Other significant towns include the seaside resort of Bridlington and the historic market town of Beverley, which serves as the county town.

Size and Population

The county covers approximately 2,479 km² (957 sq mi) and has a population of around 600,259. Kingston upon Hull accounts for a significant portion of this population.

Governance Structure

The East Riding is administered by two unitary authorities: Hull City Council for Kingston upon Hull, and East Riding of Yorkshire Council for the remainder of the county. A Hull and East Yorkshire Combined Authority is being established.

Historical Tapestry

Ancient Roots

Evidence of human settlement dates back to the Mesolithic period. The Neolithic era saw the development of long barrows and round barrows on the Yorkshire Wolds. The Iron Age is marked by the distinctive Arras Culture, known for its chariot burials.

Roman and Anglo-Saxon Era

The Romans established a presence, building roads and villas. Following their withdrawal, the area became known as Deira, later merging into Northumbria under Anglo-Saxon rule. Danish settlement introduced names ending in '-by' and '-thorpe' during the Danelaw period.

Medieval and Modern Administration

The Norman Conquest brought significant changes, with land distributed among barons and ecclesiastical institutions. The administrative structure evolved through Wapentakes and later Ridings. The modern county structure emerged after the abolition of Humberside in 1996, re-establishing the East Riding of Yorkshire as a ceremonial county and unitary authority area.

Landscape and Climate

Diverse Terrain

The East Riding features varied landscapes: the chalk plateau of the Yorkshire Wolds in the west, the low-lying Holderness plain facing the North Sea in the east, and the Vale of York extending into the south-west. Notable features include Flamborough Head and the Spurn peninsula.

Coastal Dynamics

The Holderness coastline is known for experiencing the highest rate of coastal erosion in Europe. Many historical settlements have been lost to the sea, necessitating ongoing coastal defence efforts.

Climate Profile

The region generally experiences cool summers and mild winters, influenced by westerly winds and the moderating effect of the North Sea and the Gulf Stream. Temperatures are typically moderate for its latitude.

Average temperature and precipitation data for Kingston upon Hull (1991-2020):

Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean Max °C (°F)	7.7 (45.9)	8.5 (47.3)	10.8 (51.4)	13.6 (56.5)	16.6 (61.9)	19.5 (67.1)	22.0 (71.6)	21.8 (71.2)	18.9 (66.0)	14.7 (58.5)	10.6 (51.1)	7.9 (46.2)	14.4 (57.9)
Mean Min °C (°F)	2.1 (35.8)	2.2 (36.0)	3.4 (38.1)	5.1 (41.2)	7.7 (45.9)	10.5 (50.9)	12.7 (54.9)	12.5 (54.5)	10.5 (50.9)	7.8 (46.0)	4.6 (40.3)	2.4 (36.3)	6.85 (44.33)
Avg. Precip. mm (in)	54.3 (2.14)	47.6 (1.87)	43.3 (1.70)	47.5 (1.87)	48.3 (1.90)	69.7 (2.74)	61.3 (2.41)	64.6 (2.54)	61.3 (2.41)	66.4 (2.61)	68.2 (2.69)	60.4 (2.38)	693.4 (27.30)
Avg. Precip. Days (≥ 1.0 mm)	11.7	10.4	9.8	9.5	9.3	9.8	9.7	10.1	9.1	11.2	12.6	11.7	124.8
Avg. Sunshine Hours	55.4	79.0	117.6	159.1	200.1	189.3	197.0	183.2	147.3	109.2	65.7	55.3	1558.7

Source: Met Office

Governance and Representation

Local Authorities

The East Riding is primarily governed by East Riding of Yorkshire Council, headquartered in Beverley. The city of Kingston upon Hull is managed by Hull City Council. Both are unitary authorities, responsible for local services.

Political Landscape

The East Riding of Yorkshire Council's 2023 election resulted in a hung council, with the Conservative Party forming a minority administration. The political composition reflects a diverse range of local representation.

2023 East Riding of Yorkshire Council Election
Party	Candidates	Seats	% Seats	Votes	% Votes
Conservative	60	29	43.2%	69,544	35.7%
Liberal Democrats	65	22	32.8%	57,637	29.6%
Labour	59	4	6.0%	41,282	21.2%
Independent	17	9	13.4%	15,907	8.2%
Yorkshire Party	6	3	4.5%	4,126	2.1%
Green	9	0	0.0%	3,868	2.0%
Reform UK	3	0	0.0%	1,259	0.7%
SDP	3	0	0.0%	398	0.2%
TUSC	2	0	0.0%	276	0.1%
Alliance for Democracy and Freedom	1	0	0.0%	182	0.1%
Freedom Alliance (UK)	1	0	0.0%	98	0.1%

Parliamentary Representation

The East Riding is divided into several Westminster parliamentary constituencies, including Beverley and Holderness, Bridlington and the Wolds, and Goole and Pocklington, alongside Hull-based constituencies.

People and Communities

Age Profile

The East Riding has a slightly higher proportion of residents aged 40 and above compared to the national average, with a notable deficit in the number of young adults.

Religious Affiliation

Christianity is the predominant religion, with 53.3% of residents identifying as Christian according to the 2021 census. Other religions have smaller followings, and a significant portion (39.1%) reported having no religion.

Housing and Ethnicity

The area boasts a high rate of homeownership. The population is predominantly White (97.4% in 2021), significantly higher than the English average. Car ownership is also above average, with fewer households relying solely on public transport.

Socioeconomic Diversity

While areas like Haltemprice and Howden are considered affluent, other regions, particularly coastal towns like Withernsea and Bridlington, and the port town of Goole, face challenges related to deprivation, unemployment, and socioeconomic inequality.

Economic Landscape

Key Sectors

Agriculture remains a significant sector, particularly in the rural areas, although the number of agricultural businesses has declined. Industry includes chemical plants (e.g., at Saltend) and energy infrastructure. Services are also a major contributor to the economy.

Economic Performance

The East Riding generally shows a high employment rate and lower unemployment levels than the national average, though specific towns experience higher unemployment. The Gross Value Added (GVA) has shown growth over the years.

Regional Gross Value Added (Millions GBP)
Year	Total GVA	Agriculture	Industry	Services
1995	2,708	299	896	1,513
2000	3,006	209	1,090	1,707
2003	3,783	233	1,106	2,444

Note: Components may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Renewable Energy

The region has significant potential for wind energy generation, with operational wind farms contributing to renewable energy targets. The Humber Estuary is also explored for tidal stream energy projects.

Learning and Development

Educational Institutions

The East Riding local education authority oversees numerous primary and secondary schools. Notable institutions include Beverley Grammar School (one of England's oldest state schools), Bishop Burton College (specializing in agriculture and equine studies), and the University of Hull.

Academic Performance

While GCSE results have shown improvement and are generally above the national average, the authority's ranking in national performance tables has fluctuated in recent years.

Public Services

Emergency Services

The area is served by Humberside Police and Humberside Fire and Rescue Service, providing essential public safety functions across the region.

Healthcare Provision

Healthcare services are managed by NHS East Riding of Yorkshire and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, operating facilities like Hull Royal Infirmary, Castle Hill Hospital, and Bridlington Hospital.

Waste Management

The East Riding is recognized for its high household waste recycling rates, consistently ranking among the best unitary authorities in England for recycling, composting, and reuse initiatives.

Connectivity

Road Network

Key roads include the A63, A164, and A1079. The M62 motorway provides access to West Yorkshire and the national network. The Humber Bridge connects Hessle to Barton-upon-Humber in Lincolnshire.

Rail and Bus Services

Hull Paragon Interchange is a major railway hub. Various train operators serve the area. Extensive bus services are provided by companies like First York, Stagecoach in Hull, and East Yorkshire Motor Services.

Air Travel

The region is served by Humberside Airport, located across the Humber Estuary in Lincolnshire, providing domestic and international flight connections.

Sport and Leisure

Team Sports

Hull is the primary center for national-level sports, home to rugby league teams Hull F.C. and Hull Kingston Rovers, and football club Hull City A.F.C. Several local football clubs also compete in regional leagues.

Traditional Pursuits

Horse racing is popular, with Beverley Racecourse hosting events. The Kiplingcotes Derby, dating back to 1519, is claimed to be the world's oldest horse race, held annually in the East Riding.

Outdoor Activities

The area offers numerous golf clubs, including a cliff-top course at Flamborough. The Royal Yorkshire Yacht Club is based in Bridlington. Flying and gliding activities take place from local airfields.

Media and Publications

Broadcast Media

Regional television coverage is provided by BBC Yorkshire and Lincolnshire and ITV Yorkshire. Local radio services include BBC Radio Humberside, BBC Radio York, and several commercial and community stations like Capital Yorkshire and Vixen 101.

Local Press

Key newspapers serving the region include the Hull Daily Mail and its sister paper, the East Riding Mail. Other publications like the Bridlington Free Press and Goole Times continue to serve local communities.

Points of Interest

Historic Architecture

The East Riding boasts significant historical sites, including Beverley Minster, Howden Minster, Hull Minster, and Bridlington Priory. Notable manor houses like Burton Agnes Hall and Sewerby Hall offer glimpses into the region's past.

Natural Attractions

Natural sites managed by the Yorkshire Wildlife Trust include Spurn, Bempton Cliffs, and Hornsea Mere. The Yorkshire Wolds Way offers scenic walking routes through the rolling chalk hills.

Industrial Heritage

Skidby Windmill provides insight into traditional milling practices. The network of historic canals, such as the Pocklington Canal and Market Weighton Canal, reflects the area's industrial past.

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References

A full list of references for this article are available at the East Riding of Yorkshire Wikipedia page

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This page was generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended for informational and educational purposes only. The content is based on a snapshot of publicly available data from Wikipedia and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or up-to-date.

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East Riding Explorer

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Overview ℹ️

📍 Ceremonial County

🏙️ Key Settlements

📊 Size and Population

🏛️ Governance Structure

Historical Tapestry 📜

🏺 Ancient Roots

⚔️ Roman and Anglo-Saxon Era

🏰 Medieval and Modern Administration

Landscape and Climate 🌍

⛰️ Diverse Terrain

🌊 Coastal Dynamics

🌡️ Climate Profile

Governance and Representation 🏛️

⚖️ Local Authorities

🗳️ Political Landscape

🇬🇧 Parliamentary Representation

People and Communities 👥

👵 Age Profile

⛪ Religious Affiliation

🏠 Housing and Ethnicity

⚖️ Socioeconomic Diversity

Economic Landscape 💰

🌾 Key Sectors

📈 Economic Performance

⚡ Renewable Energy

Learning and Development 🎓

🏫 Educational Institutions

🏆 Academic Performance

Public Services 🚑

🚓 Emergency Services

🏥 Healthcare Provision

♻️ Waste Management

Connectivity 🚗

🛣️ Road Network

🚆 Rail and Bus Services

✈️ Air Travel

Sport and Leisure ⚽

🏟️ Team Sports

🏇 Traditional Pursuits

⛳ Outdoor Activities

Media and Publications 📰

📺 Broadcast Media

🗞️ Local Press

Points of Interest 🏛️

⛪ Historic Architecture

🌳 Natural Attractions

⚙️ Industrial Heritage

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Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Overview

Ceremonial County

Key Settlements

Size and Population

Governance Structure

Historical Tapestry

Ancient Roots

Roman and Anglo-Saxon Era

Medieval and Modern Administration

Landscape and Climate

Diverse Terrain

Coastal Dynamics

Climate Profile

Governance and Representation

Local Authorities

Political Landscape

Parliamentary Representation

People and Communities

Age Profile

Religious Affiliation

Housing and Ethnicity

Socioeconomic Diversity

Economic Landscape

Key Sectors

Economic Performance

Renewable Energy

Learning and Development

Educational Institutions

Academic Performance

Public Services

Emergency Services

Healthcare Provision

Waste Management

Connectivity

Road Network

Rail and Bus Services

Air Travel

Sport and Leisure

Team Sports

Traditional Pursuits

Outdoor Activities

Media and Publications

Broadcast Media

Local Press

Points of Interest

Historic Architecture

Natural Attractions

Industrial Heritage

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice