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The 1908 Manchester North West by-election was held to fill a seat vacated due to the MP's resignation.
Answer:
The by-election was necessitated by Winston Churchill's appointment as President of the Board of Trade, which required him to seek re-election under the provisions of the Ministers of the Crown Act, not due to resignation.
The term 'by-election' refers to a regular general election held every five years.
Answer:
A by-election is a special election held to fill a parliamentary seat that has become vacant between general elections, not a regular general election.
The Ministers of the Crown Act requires MPs appointed to cabinet positions to resign permanently.
Answer:
The Ministers of the Crown Act requires MPs appointed to certain high offices to seek re-election from their constituents, not to resign permanently.
What was the primary reason for the 1908 Manchester North West by-election?
Answer: Winston Churchill's appointment as President of the Board of Trade required him to seek re-election.
The by-election was necessitated by Winston Churchill's appointment as President of the Board of Trade, which required him to seek re-election under the provisions of the Ministers of the Crown Act.
What does the 'Ministers of the Crown Act' require of MPs appointed to certain government positions?
Answer: Seeking re-election from their constituents.
The Ministers of the Crown Act mandates that individuals appointed to certain high-ranking government positions must seek re-election from their constituents.
Winston Churchill was the incumbent Liberal MP for Manchester North West before the 1908 by-election.
Answer: 1
Winston Churchill, representing the Liberal Party, held the seat of Manchester North West prior to the 1908 by-election, having won it in the 1906 general election.
William Joynson-Hicks represented the Liberal Party in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election.
Answer:
William Joynson-Hicks was the candidate for the Conservative Party in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election.
Dan Irving represented the Conservative Party in the 1908 by-election.
Answer:
Dan Irving was the candidate for the Social Democratic Federation (SDF) in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election, not the Conservative Party.
The Social Democratic Federation was considered a 'New' party in the context of the 1908 Manchester North West by-election.
Answer: 1
The Social Democratic Federation (SDF) was considered a 'New' party in this electoral context, as indicated by the flashcard stating they did not contest the seat in the previous election.
Winston Churchill was 54 years old during the 1908 by-election.
Answer:
Winston Churchill was 34 years old during the 1908 Manchester North West by-election. He was born in 1874.
Who was the main Conservative opponent of Winston Churchill in the 1908 by-election?
Answer: William Joynson-Hicks
William Joynson-Hicks was the main Conservative opponent of Winston Churchill in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election.
Who was the Social Democratic Federation candidate in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election?
Answer: Dan Irving
Dan Irving was the candidate for the Social Democratic Federation (SDF) in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election.
Which of the following candidates contested the 1908 Manchester North West by-election?
Answer: William Joynson-Hicks, Winston Churchill, Dan Irving
The candidates contesting the 1908 Manchester North West by-election were William Joynson-Hicks (Conservative), Winston Churchill (Liberal), and Dan Irving (Social Democratic Federation).
Manchester was known to favor protectionist economic policies around the time of the by-election.
Answer:
Manchester generally favored Free Trade and opposed the protectionist economic policies advocated by figures like Joseph Chamberlain. This stance had contributed to Conservative defeats in the 1906 general election, although local Conservatives like Joynson-Hicks also held reservations about Tariff Reform.
Tariff Reform was a unifying issue for the Conservative Party in Manchester during the 1908 by-election.
Answer:
While Tariff Reform was a divisive issue nationally, William Joynson-Hicks's opposition to it helped to neutralize the issue locally and foster Conservative unity in Manchester for this specific by-election. However, the issue itself was not inherently unifying for the party in the constituency.
Suffragettes campaigned in support of Winston Churchill due to his stance on women's suffrage.
Answer:
Suffragettes, particularly those associated with the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU), actively campaigned *against* Winston Churchill due to his perceived insufficient support for women's suffrage.
William Joynson-Hicks faced hostility from some Jewish voters due to his support for the Aliens Act 1905.
Answer: 1
William Joynson-Hicks's support for the Aliens Act 1905 generated opposition from some segments of the Jewish community.
The Lancashire and Cheshire Women's Suffrage Society supported the WSPU's disruptive tactics during the by-election.
Answer:
The Lancashire and Cheshire Women's Suffrage Society expressed strong disapproval of the WSPU's disruptive tactics during the by-election, viewing them as counterproductive to the suffrage cause.
Which political issue, previously detrimental to Conservatives in Manchester, was largely neutralized in the 1908 by-election campaign?
Answer: Tariff Reform (protectionism)
Tariff Reform, a protectionist policy, had previously harmed Conservative electoral prospects in Manchester. However, William Joynson-Hicks's opposition to it helped neutralize this issue during the 1908 by-election campaign.
Which group actively campaigned against Winston Churchill due to his stance on voting rights?
Answer: Suffragettes, led by the WSPU
Suffragettes, particularly those associated with the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU), actively campaigned against Winston Churchill due to his stance on women's suffrage.
What was the stated reason for the anger of the Lancashire and Cheshire Women's Suffrage Society towards the WSPU's actions?
Answer: The WSPU's actions were seen as helping anti-suffrage politicians.
The Lancashire and Cheshire Women's Suffrage Society stated that the WSPU's actions were perceived as aiding anti-suffrage politicians, thus hindering the broader suffrage movement.
What was the political stance of Manchester regarding economic policy mentioned in the source?
Answer: A preference for Free Trade over protectionism.
Manchester was noted for its preference for Free Trade policies and its opposition to protectionism, as advocated by figures like Joseph Chamberlain.
The polling day for the by-election was April 24, 1908.
Answer: 1
Polling day for the 1908 Manchester North West by-election was April 24, 1908.
Winston Churchill won the 1908 Manchester North West by-election.
Answer:
Winston Churchill lost the 1908 Manchester North West by-election to William Joynson-Hicks.
William Joynson-Hicks secured a majority of over 1,000 votes.
Answer:
William Joynson-Hicks won the by-election with a majority of 429 votes, which was not over 1,000.
The voter turnout in the by-election was approximately 75%.
Answer:
The voter turnout for the 1908 Manchester North West by-election was significantly higher, recorded at 89.7%.
The 1908 by-election resulted in a Liberal gain from the Conservatives.
Answer:
The 1908 by-election resulted in a Conservative gain, with William Joynson-Hicks taking the seat from the incumbent Liberal, Winston Churchill.
The 'first past the post' system guarantees a proportional representation of votes.
Answer:
The 'first past the post' electoral system does not guarantee proportional representation; it awards victory to the candidate with the most votes, which can lead to disproportionate outcomes.
The electoral swing calculation for the gain from Liberal to Conservative in the 1908 by-election was +8.2%.
Answer: 1
The electoral swing from the 1906 General Election to the 1908 by-election was calculated as +8.2% for the Conservatives, resulting in a Conservative gain from the Liberal Party.
The 1908 by-election result was a Conservative gain, reversing the 1906 general election outcome.
Answer: 1
The 1908 by-election saw a Conservative gain, with William Joynson-Hicks defeating Winston Churchill, thereby reversing the outcome of the 1906 general election where Churchill had won the seat for the Liberals.
The by-election used a system other than 'first past the post'.
Answer:
The 1908 Manchester North West by-election utilized the 'first past the post' electoral system.
On what date did the polling take place for the 1908 Manchester North West by-election?
Answer: April 24, 1908
Polling day for the 1908 Manchester North West by-election was April 24, 1908.
What was the final outcome of the 1908 Manchester North West by-election?
Answer: William Joynson-Hicks won the seat for the Conservative Party.
The final outcome of the 1908 Manchester North West by-election was a victory for the Conservative candidate, William Joynson-Hicks.
By how many votes did William Joynson-Hicks win the by-election?
Answer: 429
William Joynson-Hicks won the by-election with a majority of 429 votes over his closest rival, Winston Churchill.
What was the approximate voter turnout percentage in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election?
Answer: 89.7%
The voter turnout for the 1908 Manchester North West by-election was 89.7%.
Which party achieved a gain in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election?
Answer: Conservative Party
The Conservative Party achieved a gain in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election, taking the seat from the Liberal Party.
Which of the following best describes the 'swing' from Liberal to Conservative in the 1908 by-election?
Answer: A swing of +8.2% for the Conservatives.
The electoral swing from the 1906 General Election to the 1908 by-election was calculated as +8.2% for the Conservatives, indicating a significant shift in voter preference towards the Conservative Party.
What was the vote share for Dan Irving (Social Democratic Federation) in the 1908 by-election?
Answer: 2.6%
Dan Irving, representing the Social Democratic Federation, received 276 votes, which constituted 2.6% of the total vote in the 1908 by-election.
Which candidate received the fewest votes in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election?
Answer: Dan Irving
Dan Irving, the Social Democratic Federation candidate, received the fewest votes in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election with 276 votes.
What was the electoral system used in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election?
Answer: First Past the Post
The 1908 Manchester North West by-election utilized the 'first past the post' electoral system.
What was the majority achieved by William Joynson-Hicks in terms of vote percentage?
Answer: 4.0%
William Joynson-Hicks achieved a majority of 4.0% of the vote in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election (50.7% vs 46.7%).
George Kemp became the MP for Manchester North West immediately after the 1908 by-election.
Answer:
George Kemp did not become the MP immediately after the 1908 by-election. William Joynson-Hicks won the seat for the Conservatives in that contest. George Kemp later became the MP following the January 1910 general election.
Winston Churchill did not stand for Parliament again after losing the 1908 by-election.
Answer:
This statement is false. Winston Churchill successfully contested the 1908 Dundee by-election shortly after losing his Manchester North West seat.
Winston Churchill won the Manchester North West seat from the Conservatives in the 1906 General election.
Answer: 1
In the January 1906 General Election, Winston Churchill, standing as a Liberal, won the Manchester North West seat from the Conservative candidate, William Joynson-Hicks, marking a Liberal gain.
William Joynson-Hicks had previously held the Manchester North West seat before the 1908 by-election.
Answer:
William Joynson-Hicks contested the Manchester North West seat in the 1906 General Election but did not hold it prior to winning it in the 1908 by-election.
Dan Irving contested the 1910 general election in the Manchester North West constituency.
Answer:
Dan Irving contested the 1910 general election for the Social Democratic Federation in the Rochdale constituency, not Manchester North West.
The Conservatives had held the Manchester North West seat continuously since 1885 before Churchill won it in 1906.
Answer: 1
Prior to Winston Churchill's victory in the 1906 General Election, the Manchester North West constituency had been consistently held by the Conservative Party since its establishment in 1885.
What happened to Winston Churchill shortly after losing the 1908 by-election?
Answer: He won the 1908 Dundee by-election.
Shortly after losing his seat in the 1908 Manchester North West by-election, Winston Churchill successfully contested the 1908 Dundee by-election on May 9, 1908.
How did the 1906 General Election result in Manchester North West compare to the 1908 by-election?
Answer: The Liberals won in 1906, but the Conservatives gained the seat in the 1908 by-election.
In the 1906 General Election, Winston Churchill won the Manchester North West seat for the Liberals. The 1908 by-election saw this outcome reversed, with the Conservatives gaining the seat.
What was the political affiliation of Winston Churchill when he first won the Manchester North West seat in 1906?
Answer: Liberal
Winston Churchill was affiliated with the Liberal Party when he first won the Manchester North West seat in the 1906 General Election.
Which candidate did Winston Churchill defeat in the 1906 General Election for Manchester North West?
Answer: William Joynson-Hicks
In the 1906 General Election, Winston Churchill defeated William Joynson-Hicks, the Conservative candidate, to win the Manchester North West seat.
Who was the Member of Parliament for Manchester North West immediately before Winston Churchill won it in 1906?
Answer: A Conservative MP
Before Winston Churchill won the Manchester North West seat in the 1906 General Election, it was held by a Conservative MP.