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The 1947 Thai Coup d'état: Causes and Consequences

At a Glance

Title: The 1947 Thai Coup d'état: Causes and Consequences

Total Categories: 5

Category Stats

  • Background and Precursors to the 1947 Coup: 12 flashcards, 16 questions
  • The 1947 Coup d'état: Event and Execution: 4 flashcards, 5 questions
  • Key Figures and Motivations of the Coup: 6 flashcards, 9 questions
  • Constitutional and Royal Reforms Post-Coup: 5 flashcards, 10 questions
  • Consequences and Legacy of the 1947 Coup: 9 flashcards, 12 questions

Total Stats

  • Total Flashcards: 36
  • True/False Questions: 29
  • Multiple Choice Questions: 23
  • Total Questions: 52

Instructions

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Study Guide: The 1947 Thai Coup d'état: Causes and Consequences

Study Guide: The 1947 Thai Coup d'état: Causes and Consequences

Background and Precursors to the 1947 Coup

Pridi Banomyong and the royalists maintained a strong alliance throughout the post-World War II period.

Answer: False

Following World War II, Pridi Banomyong and the royalists experienced a significant political split due to differing objectives.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the relationship between Pridi Banomyong and the royalists after World War II?: Initially, Pridi Banomyong and the royalists collaborated during World War II against the pro-Japanese government. However, after gaining control, their differing goals led to a split. The royalists aimed to restore absolute monarchy, while Pridi's group sought to maintain the changes initiated by the 1932 revolution.
  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong after the coup?: Pridi Banomyong's influence ended with the coup, and he went into exile. He was later spirited out of the country on November 20, 1948, by British and American agents and never returned to Thailand. He died in Paris in 1983.
  • What political challenges did Pridi Banomyong face during his premiership?: Pridi Banomyong faced challenges including controlling inflation, which tarnished his reputation for competence, and dealing with widespread official corruption. His government was also criticized for its handling of the investigation into King Ananda Mahidol's death.

Pridi Banomyong's government received commendation for its effective control of inflation and eradication of corruption.

Answer: False

Pridi Banomyong's government faced criticism for its inability to effectively control inflation and for widespread official corruption.

Related Concepts:

  • What political challenges did Pridi Banomyong face during his premiership?: Pridi Banomyong faced challenges including controlling inflation, which tarnished his reputation for competence, and dealing with widespread official corruption. His government was also criticized for its handling of the investigation into King Ananda Mahidol's death.
  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong after the coup?: Pridi Banomyong's influence ended with the coup, and he went into exile. He was later spirited out of the country on November 20, 1948, by British and American agents and never returned to Thailand. He died in Paris in 1983.

The 'Ananda death crisis' involved the demise of King Bhumibol Adulyadej, which precipitated Pridi Banomyong's resignation.

Answer: False

The 'Ananda death crisis' pertains to the death of King Ananda Mahidol, not King Bhumibol Adulyadej, and it contributed to Pridi Banomyong's resignation.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the 'Ananda death crisis' and how did it impact Pridi's government?: The 'Ananda death crisis' refers to the death of King Ananda Mahidol from a gunshot wound on June 9, 1946. The royalists and the Democrat Party quickly blamed Pridi and his supporters, accusing them of assassination to establish a republic. This led Pridi to declare a state of emergency, censor newspapers, and arrest opposition MPs, ultimately contributing to his resignation.
  • What political challenges did Pridi Banomyong face during his premiership?: Pridi Banomyong faced challenges including controlling inflation, which tarnished his reputation for competence, and dealing with widespread official corruption. His government was also criticized for its handling of the investigation into King Ananda Mahidol's death.

Luang Thamrong succeeded Pridi Banomyong as Prime Minister and operated independently of Pridi's influence.

Answer: False

Luang Thamrong replaced Pridi Banomyong as Prime Minister but continued to operate as Pridi's political front, remaining under his influence.

Related Concepts:

  • Who replaced Pridi Banomyong after his resignation in August 1946, and what was his role?: Luang Thamrong, a member of Pridi's political faction, replaced Pridi as Prime Minister five days after Pridi's resignation. Thamrong served as Pridi's political front man, continuing to operate under Pridi's influence.
  • What political challenges did Pridi Banomyong face during his premiership?: Pridi Banomyong faced challenges including controlling inflation, which tarnished his reputation for competence, and dealing with widespread official corruption. His government was also criticized for its handling of the investigation into King Ananda Mahidol's death.
  • What was the immediate result of the 1947 Thai coup d'état regarding the government and political parties?: The coup resulted in the removal of Prime Minister Luang Thamrong, the exile of Pridi Banomyong, the end of the People's Party's influence, the repeal of the 1946 Constitution, and the establishment of the National Military Council (NMC) under Plaek Phibunsongkhram. Khuang Aphaiwong was selected by the NMC as the next Prime Minister.

The 'devouring the hoes and spades' scandal involved allegations of embezzlement connected to a government initiative for distributing agricultural implements.

Answer: True

The 'devouring the hoes and spades' scandal involved embezzlement related to a government program distributing farming equipment.

Related Concepts:

  • What scandal plagued the Thamrong government and contributed to its downfall?: The Thamrong government was plagued by a corruption scandal known as 'devouring the hoes and spades.' This involved a government program to distribute free farming equipment, which turned out to be sub-standard, leading to accusations of embezzlement and corruption.

Prime Minister Luang Thamrong conveyed to the US Ambassador that King Bhumibol might have been implicated in the death of King Ananda.

Answer: True

Prime Minister Luang Thamrong suggested to the US Ambassador that King Bhumibol might have been involved in King Ananda's death.

Related Concepts:

  • What controversial statement did Prime Minister Luang Thamrong make regarding the investigation into King Ananda's death?: Luang Thamrong privately confided to the US Ambassador that evidence suggested King Bhumibol might have been implicated in his brother King Ananda's death. He doubted the murder would be resolved, believing Thailand needed the monarchy despite the circumstances.
  • What was the 'Ananda death crisis' and how did it impact Pridi's government?: The 'Ananda death crisis' refers to the death of King Ananda Mahidol from a gunshot wound on June 9, 1946. The royalists and the Democrat Party quickly blamed Pridi and his supporters, accusing them of assassination to establish a republic. This led Pridi to declare a state of emergency, censor newspapers, and arrest opposition MPs, ultimately contributing to his resignation.

Pridi Banomyong was apprehended during the coup and subsequently executed.

Answer: False

Pridi Banomyong evaded arrest during the coup and later went into exile; he was not executed.

Related Concepts:

  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong after the coup?: Pridi Banomyong's influence ended with the coup, and he went into exile. He was later spirited out of the country on November 20, 1948, by British and American agents and never returned to Thailand. He died in Paris in 1983.
  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong's family during the coup?: When the coup forces arrived at Pridi Banomyong's residence to arrest him, he had already escaped. However, his wife and children were arrested at the house.
  • What political challenges did Pridi Banomyong face during his premiership?: Pridi Banomyong faced challenges including controlling inflation, which tarnished his reputation for competence, and dealing with widespread official corruption. His government was also criticized for its handling of the investigation into King Ananda Mahidol's death.

Post-World War II, the Free Thai Movement, under Pridi Banomyong's leadership, actively opposed both the royalists and the United States.

Answer: False

While the Free Thai Movement collaborated with the Allies during WWII, the post-war period saw a political split between Pridi's faction and the royalists. US officials engaged with Pridi's government.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the role of the Free Thai Movement in the context of the coup's background?: The Free Thai Movement, led by Pridi Banomyong, was active during World War II and collaborated with the Allies. Some members of this movement, including Pridi himself and Seni Pramoj, were involved in the post-war political landscape, and US officials had previously worked with them. The movement's influence and Pridi's subsequent political actions became a point of contention.
  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong after the coup?: Pridi Banomyong's influence ended with the coup, and he went into exile. He was later spirited out of the country on November 20, 1948, by British and American agents and never returned to Thailand. He died in Paris in 1983.
  • How did the United States influence the political climate in Thailand leading up to the coup?: Following World War II, the United States established the Bretton Woods system to promote capitalism and prevent the spread of communism. They set up an embassy in Bangkok, sending ambassadors Charles Yost and Kenneth Landon. Some of these officials had previously worked with the Free Thai Movement, led by Pridi Banomyong and supported by the Thai royal family.

How did US officials influence the political climate in Thailand prior to the coup?

Answer: They established an embassy and engaged with figures like Pridi Banomyong and the royal family.

US officials established an embassy in Bangkok and engaged with key figures like Pridi Banomyong and the royal family, influencing the political climate.

Related Concepts:

  • How did the United States influence the political climate in Thailand leading up to the coup?: Following World War II, the United States established the Bretton Woods system to promote capitalism and prevent the spread of communism. They set up an embassy in Bangkok, sending ambassadors Charles Yost and Kenneth Landon. Some of these officials had previously worked with the Free Thai Movement, led by Pridi Banomyong and supported by the Thai royal family.

What caused the political split between Pridi Banomyong and the royalists after World War II?

Answer: Differing goals regarding the structure of the monarchy and post-revolution changes.

The political split between Pridi Banomyong and the royalists after World War II stemmed from their differing goals concerning the monarchy's structure and post-revolution societal changes.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the relationship between Pridi Banomyong and the royalists after World War II?: Initially, Pridi Banomyong and the royalists collaborated during World War II against the pro-Japanese government. However, after gaining control, their differing goals led to a split. The royalists aimed to restore absolute monarchy, while Pridi's group sought to maintain the changes initiated by the 1932 revolution.
  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong after the coup?: Pridi Banomyong's influence ended with the coup, and he went into exile. He was later spirited out of the country on November 20, 1948, by British and American agents and never returned to Thailand. He died in Paris in 1983.
  • What was the role of the Free Thai Movement in the context of the coup's background?: The Free Thai Movement, led by Pridi Banomyong, was active during World War II and collaborated with the Allies. Some members of this movement, including Pridi himself and Seni Pramoj, were involved in the post-war political landscape, and US officials had previously worked with them. The movement's influence and Pridi's subsequent political actions became a point of contention.

Which political crisis significantly damaged Pridi Banomyong's reputation during his premiership?

Answer: The failure to control inflation and widespread official corruption.

The failure to control inflation and widespread official corruption significantly damaged Pridi Banomyong's reputation during his premiership.

Related Concepts:

  • What political challenges did Pridi Banomyong face during his premiership?: Pridi Banomyong faced challenges including controlling inflation, which tarnished his reputation for competence, and dealing with widespread official corruption. His government was also criticized for its handling of the investigation into King Ananda Mahidol's death.

What was the 'Ananda death crisis' and its immediate political consequence?

Answer: The death of King Ananda Mahidol, leading to accusations against Pridi and his resignation.

The 'Ananda death crisis' refers to the death of King Ananda Mahidol, which led to accusations against Pridi Banomyong and contributed to his resignation.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the 'Ananda death crisis' and how did it impact Pridi's government?: The 'Ananda death crisis' refers to the death of King Ananda Mahidol from a gunshot wound on June 9, 1946. The royalists and the Democrat Party quickly blamed Pridi and his supporters, accusing them of assassination to establish a republic. This led Pridi to declare a state of emergency, censor newspapers, and arrest opposition MPs, ultimately contributing to his resignation.

Who replaced Pridi Banomyong as Prime Minister and acted as his political front?

Answer: Luang Thamrong

Luang Thamrong replaced Pridi Banomyong as Prime Minister and served as his political front.

Related Concepts:

  • Who replaced Pridi Banomyong after his resignation in August 1946, and what was his role?: Luang Thamrong, a member of Pridi's political faction, replaced Pridi as Prime Minister five days after Pridi's resignation. Thamrong served as Pridi's political front man, continuing to operate under Pridi's influence.
  • What political challenges did Pridi Banomyong face during his premiership?: Pridi Banomyong faced challenges including controlling inflation, which tarnished his reputation for competence, and dealing with widespread official corruption. His government was also criticized for its handling of the investigation into King Ananda Mahidol's death.
  • What was the relationship between Pridi Banomyong and the royalists after World War II?: Initially, Pridi Banomyong and the royalists collaborated during World War II against the pro-Japanese government. However, after gaining control, their differing goals led to a split. The royalists aimed to restore absolute monarchy, while Pridi's group sought to maintain the changes initiated by the 1932 revolution.

What controversial statement did Luang Thamrong make regarding the investigation into King Ananda's death?

Answer: He suggested King Bhumibol might have been implicated.

Luang Thamrong suggested to the US Ambassador that King Bhumibol might have been implicated in King Ananda's death.

Related Concepts:

  • What controversial statement did Prime Minister Luang Thamrong make regarding the investigation into King Ananda's death?: Luang Thamrong privately confided to the US Ambassador that evidence suggested King Bhumibol might have been implicated in his brother King Ananda's death. He doubted the murder would be resolved, believing Thailand needed the monarchy despite the circumstances.

What happened to Pridi Banomyong after the 1947 coup?

Answer: He went into exile and was later spirited out of the country.

Following the 1947 coup, Pridi Banomyong went into exile and was later assisted in leaving the country.

Related Concepts:

  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong after the coup?: Pridi Banomyong's influence ended with the coup, and he went into exile. He was later spirited out of the country on November 20, 1948, by British and American agents and never returned to Thailand. He died in Paris in 1983.
  • What was the relationship between Pridi Banomyong and the royalists after World War II?: Initially, Pridi Banomyong and the royalists collaborated during World War II against the pro-Japanese government. However, after gaining control, their differing goals led to a split. The royalists aimed to restore absolute monarchy, while Pridi's group sought to maintain the changes initiated by the 1932 revolution.
  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong's family during the coup?: When the coup forces arrived at Pridi Banomyong's residence to arrest him, he had already escaped. However, his wife and children were arrested at the house.

What happened to Pridi Banomyong's wife and children during the coup?

Answer: They were arrested at their home.

Pridi Banomyong's wife and children were arrested at their home during the coup.

Related Concepts:

  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong's family during the coup?: When the coup forces arrived at Pridi Banomyong's residence to arrest him, he had already escaped. However, his wife and children were arrested at the house.
  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong after the coup?: Pridi Banomyong's influence ended with the coup, and he went into exile. He was later spirited out of the country on November 20, 1948, by British and American agents and never returned to Thailand. He died in Paris in 1983.

The 1947 Coup d'état: Event and Execution

The 1947 Thai coup d'état commenced on the morning of November 9th and concluded by the evening of the same day.

Answer: False

The coup commenced on the evening of November 8, 1947, and concluded in the early morning hours of November 9, 1947.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.
  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • What was Plaek Phibunsongkhram's political standing in 1947?: In 1947, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, a former strongman, was still popular and planning a return to Thai politics. He allied with the royalists and military figures like Phin Choonhavan and Kat Katsongkhram to overthrow the Pridi regime.

The 1947 coup resulted in the immediate resignation of Prime Minister Luang Thamrong.

Answer: False

Prime Minister Luang Thamrong was arrested during the coup, not immediately resigned.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.
  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • What was the immediate result of the 1947 Thai coup d'état regarding the government and political parties?: The coup resulted in the removal of Prime Minister Luang Thamrong, the exile of Pridi Banomyong, the end of the People's Party's influence, the repeal of the 1946 Constitution, and the establishment of the National Military Council (NMC) under Plaek Phibunsongkhram. Khuang Aphaiwong was selected by the NMC as the next Prime Minister.

During the coup, tanks were deployed to Amphorn Gardens, leading to the arrest of Prime Minister Thamrong.

Answer: True

During the coup, tanks were deployed to Amphorn Gardens, and Prime Minister Thamrong was arrested.

Related Concepts:

  • How did the military, led by Phibun, initiate the coup on November 9, 1947?: At 2:00 AM on November 9, 1947, armed forces led by Phibun deployed tanks to Amphorn Gardens near the government center. They arrested Prime Minister Thamrong, who was reportedly fleeing from a gay bar, and took him hostage. Another tank squadron attempted to arrest Pridi Banomyong, but he had been forewarned and escaped.

The deployment of Type 95 Ha-Go tanks during the 1947 coup served as a visual symbol of the military's control.

Answer: True

Type 95 Ha-Go tanks were symbolic of the military's control during the 1947 coup.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the Type 95 Ha-Go tanks seen in Bangkok during the coup?: The presence of Type 95 Ha-Go tanks in Bangkok during the coup visually represented the military's control and the force used to execute the takeover. These tanks were deployed as part of the military's seizure of key locations.

When did the 1947 Thai coup d'état commence and conclude?

Answer: It began on November 8, 1947, and concluded on November 9, 1947.

The 1947 Thai coup d'état commenced on the evening of November 8, 1947, and concluded in the early morning hours of November 9, 1947.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.
  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • What was Plaek Phibunsongkhram's political standing in 1947?: In 1947, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, a former strongman, was still popular and planning a return to Thai politics. He allied with the royalists and military figures like Phin Choonhavan and Kat Katsongkhram to overthrow the Pridi regime.

Key Figures and Motivations of the Coup

Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Phin Choonhavan, and Kat Katsongkhram are identified as the principal orchestrators of the 1947 Thai coup d'état.

Answer: True

Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Phin Choonhavan, and Kat Katsongkhram were the primary leaders who orchestrated the 1947 Thai coup d'état.

Related Concepts:

  • What was Plaek Phibunsongkhram's political standing in 1947?: In 1947, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, a former strongman, was still popular and planning a return to Thai politics. He allied with the royalists and military figures like Phin Choonhavan and Kat Katsongkhram to overthrow the Pridi regime.
  • Who were the primary leaders behind the 1947 Thai coup d'état?: The coup was orchestrated by Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Phin Choonhavan, and Kat Katsongkhram. Their objective was to restore political power to the royalists and reclaim Crown Property that had been reformed following the Siamese Revolution of 1932.
  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.

The 1947 coup was primarily executed by the Royal Thai Navy with the objective of restoring naval influence.

Answer: False

The coup was primarily executed by the Royal Thai Army, not the Navy.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.
  • What was Plaek Phibunsongkhram's political standing in 1947?: In 1947, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, a former strongman, was still popular and planning a return to Thai politics. He allied with the royalists and military figures like Phin Choonhavan and Kat Katsongkhram to overthrow the Pridi regime.

The military junta asserted that the coup was necessitated by the government's incompetence, which resulted in public suffering.

Answer: True

The military junta claimed the coup was necessary because the government's incompetence led to public suffering and economic hardship.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the stated reason for the 1947 coup, according to the military junta?: The junta, through its spokesman General Phin Choonhavan, declared that the coup was necessary due to the government's incompetence, which caused public suffering from high prices and a lack of essential goods. They claimed the government was incapable of solving these problems and thus needed to be removed by force.
  • What was the justification given by General Phin Choonhavan for the coup?: General Phin Choonhavan, speaking for the junta, cited the government's incompetence, leading to high prices and shortages of food and goods. He claimed the government was unable to solve these problems, necessitating a forceful removal. His emotional delivery earned him the nickname 'hero of tears'.

By 1947, Plaek Phibunsongkhram had been politically marginalized and harbored no intentions of returning to power.

Answer: False

In 1947, Plaek Phibunsongkhram was actively planning a return to Thai politics and allied with other figures to achieve this goal.

Related Concepts:

  • What was Plaek Phibunsongkhram's political standing in 1947?: In 1947, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, a former strongman, was still popular and planning a return to Thai politics. He allied with the royalists and military figures like Phin Choonhavan and Kat Katsongkhram to overthrow the Pridi regime.
  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • Who supported Plaek Phibunsongkhram's return to power after the 1947 coup?: Plaek Phibunsongkhram was supported by the royalists, including Khuang Aphaiwong and the Democrat Party, as well as key military figures like Phin Choonhavan and Kat Katsongkhram. This coalition aimed to oust the Pridi-influenced government and restore royalist and military influence.

The National Military Council (NMC), which spearheaded the coup, comprised figures such as Pridi Banomyong and Seni Pramoj.

Answer: False

The National Military Council (NMC) was composed of military leaders, not political figures like Pridi Banomyong or Seni Pramoj.

Related Concepts:

  • Which military factions or groups were involved in the 1947 coup?: The coup was primarily carried out by the Royal Thai Army, led by figures like Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Phin Choonhavan, and Kat Katsongkhram. The National Military Council (NMC) was established as the ruling junta.
  • What was the immediate result of the 1947 Thai coup d'état regarding the government and political parties?: The coup resulted in the removal of Prime Minister Luang Thamrong, the exile of Pridi Banomyong, the end of the People's Party's influence, the repeal of the 1946 Constitution, and the establishment of the National Military Council (NMC) under Plaek Phibunsongkhram. Khuang Aphaiwong was selected by the NMC as the next Prime Minister.
  • What happened to Pridi Banomyong's family during the coup?: When the coup forces arrived at Pridi Banomyong's residence to arrest him, he had already escaped. However, his wife and children were arrested at the house.

General Phin Choonhavan earned the moniker 'hero of tears' owing to his composed demeanor when announcing the coup.

Answer: False

General Phin Choonhavan was nicknamed 'hero of tears' due to his emotional and tearful delivery when justifying the coup.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the justification given by General Phin Choonhavan for the coup?: General Phin Choonhavan, speaking for the junta, cited the government's incompetence, leading to high prices and shortages of food and goods. He claimed the government was unable to solve these problems, necessitating a forceful removal. His emotional delivery earned him the nickname 'hero of tears'.

Which individuals are identified as the primary leaders who orchestrated the 1947 Thai coup?

Answer: Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Phin Choonhavan, and Kat Katsongkhram

Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Phin Choonhavan, and Kat Katsongkhram are identified as the primary leaders who orchestrated the 1947 Thai coup.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.
  • Which military factions or groups were involved in the 1947 coup?: The coup was primarily carried out by the Royal Thai Army, led by figures like Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Phin Choonhavan, and Kat Katsongkhram. The National Military Council (NMC) was established as the ruling junta.
  • Who were the primary leaders behind the 1947 Thai coup d'état?: The coup was orchestrated by Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Phin Choonhavan, and Kat Katsongkhram. Their objective was to restore political power to the royalists and reclaim Crown Property that had been reformed following the Siamese Revolution of 1932.

What was the main objective of the leaders behind the 1947 coup regarding political power?

Answer: To restore political power to the royalists and reclaim Crown Property.

The primary objective of the coup leaders was to restore political power to the royalists and reclaim Crown Property.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • How did the 1947 coup influence the drafting of subsequent Thai constitutions?: The coup directly led to the drafting and signing of the 1947 Constitution and the subsequent 1949 Constitution. These documents were highly royalist in nature, restoring much of the power that the monarchy had lost following the 1932 Revolution.

According to the military junta, what was the primary justification for launching the 1947 coup?

Answer: The government's incompetence led to public suffering and economic hardship.

The military junta claimed the coup was necessary because the government's incompetence led to public suffering and economic hardship.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • How did the 1947 coup influence the drafting of subsequent Thai constitutions?: The coup directly led to the drafting and signing of the 1947 Constitution and the subsequent 1949 Constitution. These documents were highly royalist in nature, restoring much of the power that the monarchy had lost following the 1932 Revolution.

Constitutional and Royal Reforms Post-Coup

Subsequent to the 1947 coup, the 1946 Constitution remained in effect, with the 1947 Charter being enacted at a later date.

Answer: False

The 1946 Constitution was repealed following the coup, and an interim constitution, the 1947 Charter, was enacted.

Related Concepts:

  • What constitutional changes followed the 1947 coup?: Following the coup, the 1946 Constitution was repealed. An interim constitution, the 1947 Charter, was enacted, which was later followed by the 1949 Royalist Constitution. These constitutions significantly increased the power of the monarchy.
  • What were the key provisions of the 1947 Constitution drafted after the coup?: The 1947 Constitution, drafted by royalists, granted more power to the monarchy. It allowed the king to appoint 100 members of parliament and revived the Privy Council. This constitution was similar in structure to those preceding the 1932 revolution.
  • How did the 1947 coup influence the drafting of subsequent Thai constitutions?: The coup directly led to the drafting and signing of the 1947 Constitution and the subsequent 1949 Constitution. These documents were highly royalist in nature, restoring much of the power that the monarchy had lost following the 1932 Revolution.

Prince Rangsit of Chainat declined to sign the provisional charter that was enacted subsequent to the coup.

Answer: False

Prince Rangsit of Chainat, serving as Regent, signed the provisional charter enacted after the coup.

Related Concepts:

  • What role did Prince Rangsit of Chainat play in the aftermath of the coup?: Prince Rangsit of Chainat, serving as the Regent of Thailand, signed the provisional charter, or the Constitution of 1947, on November 25, 1947. This constitution, drafted by royalists like Seni and Kukrit Pramoj, significantly increased the powers of the monarchy.

The 1947 Constitution enacted after the coup significantly diminished the power of the monarchy.

Answer: False

The 1947 Constitution, drafted by royalists, significantly increased the power of the monarchy.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the key provisions of the 1947 Constitution drafted after the coup?: The 1947 Constitution, drafted by royalists, granted more power to the monarchy. It allowed the king to appoint 100 members of parliament and revived the Privy Council. This constitution was similar in structure to those preceding the 1932 revolution.

The 1947 coup resulted in a reduction of the monarch's control over Crown Property.

Answer: False

Following the 1947 coup, a law enacted in 1948 significantly increased the monarch's control over Crown Property.

Related Concepts:

  • What constitutional changes followed the 1947 coup?: Following the coup, the 1946 Constitution was repealed. An interim constitution, the 1947 Charter, was enacted, which was later followed by the 1949 Royalist Constitution. These constitutions significantly increased the power of the monarchy.

The 1947 coup precipitated the drafting of the 1932 Constitution, thereby restoring absolute monarchy.

Answer: False

The 1947 coup led to the enactment of the 1947 Charter and subsequently the 1949 Constitution, which increased monarchical power but did not restore absolute monarchy or reinstate the 1932 Constitution.

Related Concepts:

  • How did the 1947 coup influence the drafting of subsequent Thai constitutions?: The coup directly led to the drafting and signing of the 1947 Constitution and the subsequent 1949 Constitution. These documents were highly royalist in nature, restoring much of the power that the monarchy had lost following the 1932 Revolution.
  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • What were the key provisions of the 1947 Constitution drafted after the coup?: The 1947 Constitution, drafted by royalists, granted more power to the monarchy. It allowed the king to appoint 100 members of parliament and revived the Privy Council. This constitution was similar in structure to those preceding the 1932 revolution.

Which constitution was repealed and replaced by an interim charter following the 1947 coup?

Answer: The 1946 Constitution

The 1946 Constitution was repealed and replaced by an interim charter following the 1947 coup.

Related Concepts:

  • What constitutional changes followed the 1947 coup?: Following the coup, the 1946 Constitution was repealed. An interim constitution, the 1947 Charter, was enacted, which was later followed by the 1949 Royalist Constitution. These constitutions significantly increased the power of the monarchy.

How did the 1947 coup attempt to restore royalist power?

Answer: By repealing the 1946 Constitution and enacting a new one favoring the monarchy.

The coup aimed to restore royalist power by repealing the 1946 Constitution and enacting a new one that favored the monarchy.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • How did the 1947 coup influence the drafting of subsequent Thai constitutions?: The coup directly led to the drafting and signing of the 1947 Constitution and the subsequent 1949 Constitution. These documents were highly royalist in nature, restoring much of the power that the monarchy had lost following the 1932 Revolution.
  • What were the key provisions of the 1947 Constitution drafted after the coup?: The 1947 Constitution, drafted by royalists, granted more power to the monarchy. It allowed the king to appoint 100 members of parliament and revived the Privy Council. This constitution was similar in structure to those preceding the 1932 revolution.

What significant constitutional change occurred when Prince Rangsit signed the provisional charter after the coup?

Answer: It granted the king the power to appoint 100 members of parliament and revived the Privy Council.

Upon signing the provisional charter, Prince Rangsit approved constitutional changes that granted the king the power to appoint 100 members of parliament and revived the Privy Council.

Related Concepts:

  • What role did Prince Rangsit of Chainat play in the aftermath of the coup?: Prince Rangsit of Chainat, serving as the Regent of Thailand, signed the provisional charter, or the Constitution of 1947, on November 25, 1947. This constitution, drafted by royalists like Seni and Kukrit Pramoj, significantly increased the powers of the monarchy.

The 1949 law concerning Crown Property enacted after the coup had what effect?

Answer: It significantly increased the monarch's control over Crown Property.

The 1949 law concerning Crown Property significantly increased the monarch's control over these assets.

Related Concepts:

  • What constitutional changes followed the 1947 coup?: Following the coup, the 1946 Constitution was repealed. An interim constitution, the 1947 Charter, was enacted, which was later followed by the 1949 Royalist Constitution. These constitutions significantly increased the power of the monarchy.
  • How did the 1947 coup influence the drafting of subsequent Thai constitutions?: The coup directly led to the drafting and signing of the 1947 Constitution and the subsequent 1949 Constitution. These documents were highly royalist in nature, restoring much of the power that the monarchy had lost following the 1932 Revolution.
  • What were the consequences of the coup regarding Crown Property?: In 1948, the royalist government enacted a law that increased the monarch's control over Crown Property. This restored assets and political power to the monarchy, which had been transferred to state control by the People's Party after the 1932 revolution. Former Queen Rambhai Barni also had 6 million baht, seized by the People's Party, returned to her.

The 1949 Royalist Constitution, influenced by the 1947 coup, aimed to:

Answer: Restore significant powers to the monarchy.

The 1949 Royalist Constitution aimed to restore significant powers to the monarchy.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the key provisions of the 1947 Constitution drafted after the coup?: The 1947 Constitution, drafted by royalists, granted more power to the monarchy. It allowed the king to appoint 100 members of parliament and revived the Privy Council. This constitution was similar in structure to those preceding the 1932 revolution.
  • How did the 1947 coup influence the drafting of subsequent Thai constitutions?: The coup directly led to the drafting and signing of the 1947 Constitution and the subsequent 1949 Constitution. These documents were highly royalist in nature, restoring much of the power that the monarchy had lost following the 1932 Revolution.
  • What constitutional changes followed the 1947 coup?: Following the coup, the 1946 Constitution was repealed. An interim constitution, the 1947 Charter, was enacted, which was later followed by the 1949 Royalist Constitution. These constitutions significantly increased the power of the monarchy.

Consequences and Legacy of the 1947 Coup

Khuang Aphaiwong held the position of Prime Minister on multiple occasions, resigning due to political discord and subsequently being confirmed following electoral processes.

Answer: True

Khuang Aphaiwong served as Prime Minister multiple times, resigning due to political friction and later being confirmed after elections.

Related Concepts:

  • Why was Khuang Aphaiwong forced to resign as Prime Minister in April 1948?: Despite winning the election, Khuang Aphaiwong was forced to resign his post on April 6, 1948. This action was taken by the committee (the junta), who then invited Field Marshal Phibunsongkhram to return as Prime Minister, which he did on April 8, 1948.

Following the coup, Khuang Aphaiwong was appointed Prime Minister, signifying a resurgence of royalist influence.

Answer: True

Khuang Aphaiwong was appointed Prime Minister after the coup, marking a return of royalist influence.

Related Concepts:

  • How did the royalists regain political power after the 1947 coup?: The royalists, led by Khuang Aphaiwong and Seni Pramoj, celebrated the coup. The National Soldier's Committee called for Khuang, the Leader of the Opposition, to become Prime Minister. Khuang assumed the position on November 12, 1947, marking a significant return of royalist influence.
  • What was the immediate result of the 1947 Thai coup d'état regarding the government and political parties?: The coup resulted in the removal of Prime Minister Luang Thamrong, the exile of Pridi Banomyong, the end of the People's Party's influence, the repeal of the 1946 Constitution, and the establishment of the National Military Council (NMC) under Plaek Phibunsongkhram. Khuang Aphaiwong was selected by the NMC as the next Prime Minister.
  • What was the political alignment of the Democrat Party in the context of the 1947 coup?: The Democrat Party, formed by royalists including Khuang Aphaiwong and Seni Pramoj, celebrated the coup. They were instrumental in advocating for Khuang Aphaiwong to become the new Prime Minister, aligning themselves with the military junta to regain royalist influence.

The 1947 coup is considered an advancement for democratic development in Thailand.

Answer: False

The 1947 coup is widely regarded as a setback for democratic development in Thailand, marking a return to authoritarian tendencies.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.
  • What was Plaek Phibunsongkhram's political standing in 1947?: In 1947, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, a former strongman, was still popular and planning a return to Thai politics. He allied with the royalists and military figures like Phin Choonhavan and Kat Katsongkhram to overthrow the Pridi regime.

Khuang Aphaiwong's Democrat Party secured a decisive victory in the January 1948 elections.

Answer: True

Khuang Aphaiwong's Democrat Party won the January 1948 elections decisively.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the outcome of the January 1948 elections?: In the elections held on January 29, 1948, Khuang Aphaiwong and his Democrat Party won a majority of votes and seats, and Khuang was confirmed as Prime Minister.
  • Why was Khuang Aphaiwong forced to resign as Prime Minister in April 1948?: Despite winning the election, Khuang Aphaiwong was forced to resign his post on April 6, 1948. This action was taken by the committee (the junta), who then invited Field Marshal Phibunsongkhram to return as Prime Minister, which he did on April 8, 1948.
  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.

Plaek Phibunsongkhram assumed the role of Prime Minister immediately following Khuang Aphaiwong's victory in the January 1948 elections.

Answer: False

Khuang Aphaiwong won the January 1948 elections, but was later forced to resign in April 1948, after which Plaek Phibunsongkhram returned as Prime Minister.

Related Concepts:

  • Why was Khuang Aphaiwong forced to resign as Prime Minister in April 1948?: Despite winning the election, Khuang Aphaiwong was forced to resign his post on April 6, 1948. This action was taken by the committee (the junta), who then invited Field Marshal Phibunsongkhram to return as Prime Minister, which he did on April 8, 1948.
  • What was the outcome of the January 1948 elections?: In the elections held on January 29, 1948, Khuang Aphaiwong and his Democrat Party won a majority of votes and seats, and Khuang was confirmed as Prime Minister.
  • What was Plaek Phibunsongkhram's political standing in 1947?: In 1947, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, a former strongman, was still popular and planning a return to Thai politics. He allied with the royalists and military figures like Phin Choonhavan and Kat Katsongkhram to overthrow the Pridi regime.

The 1947 coup solidified Plaek Phibunsongkhram's authoritarian rule and augmented the military's influence in Thai politics.

Answer: True

The 1947 coup solidified Plaek Phibunsongkhram's dictatorship and increased the military's influence.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • What was Plaek Phibunsongkhram's political standing in 1947?: In 1947, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, a former strongman, was still popular and planning a return to Thai politics. He allied with the royalists and military figures like Phin Choonhavan and Kat Katsongkhram to overthrow the Pridi regime.
  • What long-term impact did the 1947 coup have on Thai politics and the military?: The coup led to the reinstatement of Plaek Phibunsongkhram's dictatorship and significantly increased the role and influence of the Royal Thai Army. It established a model for future military interventions, where the army could topple democratic governments under the pretext of national security.

Which group celebrated the 1947 coup and advocated for Khuang Aphaiwong to become Prime Minister?

Answer: The Royalists and the Democrat Party

The Royalists and the Democrat Party celebrated the 1947 coup and advocated for Khuang Aphaiwong's appointment as Prime Minister.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.
  • How did the royalists regain political power after the 1947 coup?: The royalists, led by Khuang Aphaiwong and Seni Pramoj, celebrated the coup. The National Soldier's Committee called for Khuang, the Leader of the Opposition, to become Prime Minister. Khuang assumed the position on November 12, 1947, marking a significant return of royalist influence.
  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.

Who was invited to return as Prime Minister in April 1948, after Khuang Aphaiwong was forced to resign?

Answer: Plaek Phibunsongkhram

Plaek Phibunsongkhram was invited to return as Prime Minister in April 1948, following Khuang Aphaiwong's resignation.

Related Concepts:

  • Why was Khuang Aphaiwong forced to resign as Prime Minister in April 1948?: Despite winning the election, Khuang Aphaiwong was forced to resign his post on April 6, 1948. This action was taken by the committee (the junta), who then invited Field Marshal Phibunsongkhram to return as Prime Minister, which he did on April 8, 1948.
  • What was the outcome of the January 1948 elections?: In the elections held on January 29, 1948, Khuang Aphaiwong and his Democrat Party won a majority of votes and seats, and Khuang was confirmed as Prime Minister.
  • Why did Khuang Aphaiwong resign as Prime Minister in August 1945, and what followed?: Khuang Aphaiwong resigned in August 1945. Pridi Banomyong then invited Seni Pramoj, a royalist and Free Thai Movement member supported by the US, to become prime minister. Seni resigned in January 1946, leading to elections where Khuang and his royalist allies were elected. However, Khuang soon resigned again due to political friction, prompting Pridi to take the premiership.

What long-term impact did the 1947 coup have on the Thai military?

Answer: It increased the role and influence of the Royal Thai Army in politics.

The 1947 coup significantly increased the role and influence of the Royal Thai Army in Thai politics, setting a precedent for future military involvement.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • What long-term impact did the 1947 coup have on Thai politics and the military?: The coup led to the reinstatement of Plaek Phibunsongkhram's dictatorship and significantly increased the role and influence of the Royal Thai Army. It established a model for future military interventions, where the army could topple democratic governments under the pretext of national security.
  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.

The 1947 coup is considered a reversal of which historical event?

Answer: The 1932 Siamese Revolution.

The 1947 coup is considered a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • How did the 1947 coup influence the drafting of subsequent Thai constitutions?: The coup directly led to the drafting and signing of the 1947 Constitution and the subsequent 1949 Constitution. These documents were highly royalist in nature, restoring much of the power that the monarchy had lost following the 1932 Revolution.
  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.

Who was appointed Prime Minister immediately following the 1947 coup, before Phibunsongkhram's later return?

Answer: Khuang Aphaiwong

Khuang Aphaiwong was appointed Prime Minister immediately following the 1947 coup.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.
  • How did the royalists regain political power after the 1947 coup?: The royalists, led by Khuang Aphaiwong and Seni Pramoj, celebrated the coup. The National Soldier's Committee called for Khuang, the Leader of the Opposition, to become Prime Minister. Khuang assumed the position on November 12, 1947, marking a significant return of royalist influence.
  • What was the immediate result of the 1947 Thai coup d'état regarding the government and political parties?: The coup resulted in the removal of Prime Minister Luang Thamrong, the exile of Pridi Banomyong, the end of the People's Party's influence, the repeal of the 1946 Constitution, and the establishment of the National Military Council (NMC) under Plaek Phibunsongkhram. Khuang Aphaiwong was selected by the NMC as the next Prime Minister.

The 1947 coup ultimately led to the reinstatement of whose rule?

Answer: Plaek Phibunsongkhram

The 1947 coup ultimately led to the reinstatement of Plaek Phibunsongkhram's rule.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the 1947 coup in relation to the 1932 Siamese Revolution?: The 1947 coup is seen as a reversal of the changes brought about by the 1932 Siamese Revolution. It marked a significant moment where royalists regained political power that had been diminished since the revolution, and it re-established a more authoritarian political climate influenced by the military.
  • How did the 1947 coup influence the drafting of subsequent Thai constitutions?: The coup directly led to the drafting and signing of the 1947 Constitution and the subsequent 1949 Constitution. These documents were highly royalist in nature, restoring much of the power that the monarchy had lost following the 1932 Revolution.
  • What was the 1947 Thai coup d'état, and when did it occur?: The 1947 Thai coup d'état was a military takeover that took place in Thailand on the evening of November 8, 1947, concluding in the early morning hours of November 9. This event led to the removal of the government led by Prime Minister Luang Thamrong and installed Khuang Aphaiwong as the new Prime Minister.

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