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Total Categories: 6
The 863 Program was officially proposed in March 1983.
Answer: False
The official proposal for the 863 Program was submitted in March 1986, not 1983.
Deng Xiaoping approved the 863 Program proposal within a month of its submission.
Answer: False
Deng Xiaoping approved the 863 Program proposal with remarkable speed, within two days of its submission, not within a month.
The name '863 Program' originates from the year it was established, 1986.
Answer: True
The designation '863' refers specifically to the date of the program's proposal: March 1986 (often represented as 86/3 in Chinese date notation), not solely the year of establishment.
The designation '863' refers to the proposal date of August 1986.
Answer: False
The designation '863' refers to the proposal date of March 1986 (86/3), not August 1986.
On what date was the 863 Program officially proposed to Deng Xiaoping?
Answer: March 3, 1986
The proposal letter for the 863 Program was officially submitted to Deng Xiaoping on March 3, 1986.
Who were the key scientists that authored the proposal letter for the 863 Program?
Answer: Wang Daheng, Wang Ganchang, Yang Jiachi, Chen Fangyun
The proposal letter for the 863 Program was authored by four prominent scientists: Wang Daheng, Wang Ganchang, Yang Jiachi, and Chen Fangyun.
How quickly did Deng Xiaoping approve the 863 Program after its proposal?
Answer: Within two days
Deng Xiaoping demonstrated decisive leadership by approving the 863 Program proposal within just two days of its submission.
What is the meaning behind the designation '863' in the program's name?
Answer: It refers to the proposal date: March 1986 (86/3).
The designation '863' is derived from the date the program proposal was submitted: March 1986, commonly represented as 86/3 in Chinese notation.
The 863 Program was primarily designed to acquire foreign technologies for China's military.
Answer: False
While the program aimed to advance China's technological capabilities, its primary design focused on fostering domestic development and achieving self-sufficiency, rather than solely acquiring foreign technologies, especially for military purposes.
The 863 Program aimed to make China completely independent of all foreign technology by the year 2000.
Answer: False
While the program aimed for significant technological independence and self-sufficiency, the goal was not necessarily complete independence from *all* foreign technology by a specific year like 2000, but rather to reduce critical dependencies.
The 863 Program was intended to ensure China did not have to pay for foreign technologies.
Answer: True
A key objective of the 863 Program was indeed to foster domestic technological development, thereby reducing China's financial obligations and dependence on foreign technologies.
The 863 Program aimed to enhance China's global economic competitiveness by developing advanced technologies.
Answer: True
Developing advanced technologies was a core objective of the 863 Program, explicitly aimed at enhancing China's global economic competitiveness.
What was the primary goal of China's 863 Program?
Answer: To foster domestic development of advanced technologies and achieve self-sufficiency.
The primary goal of the 863 Program was to foster the domestic development of advanced technologies, aiming for self-sufficiency and reducing reliance on foreign technological imports.
How did the 863 Program aim to achieve technological independence for China?
Answer: By focusing on developing domestic capabilities in critical advanced technology fields.
The 863 Program aimed to achieve technological independence by strategically investing in and fostering the development of domestic capabilities across critical advanced technology sectors.
What was the primary purpose of the 863 Program concerning China's reliance on foreign technology?
Answer: To ensure China was not dependent on or obligated to pay for foreign technologies.
The primary purpose of the 863 Program was to foster domestic technological advancement, thereby ensuring China's independence from and avoidance of financial obligations related to foreign technologies.
The initial leader of the 863 Program was the President of China.
Answer: False
The initial leadership of the 863 Program was held by Zhao Ziyang, who served as the Premier of China, not the President.
In 1986, the 863 Program received approximately 1% of the total government spending for that year.
Answer: False
The initial funding for the 863 Program in 1986 represented approximately 5% of the total government spending for that year, not 1%.
The 863 Program operated exclusively during China's Seventh Five-Year Plan.
Answer: False
The 863 Program's operational timeline extended beyond the Seventh Five-Year Plan (1986-1990), continuing through the Eighth and Ninth Five-Year Plans.
Following a 2001 re-evaluation, the 863 Program's focus was narrowed to specific military applications.
Answer: False
Contrary to narrowing its focus, the 2001 re-evaluation broadened the 863 Program's scope to enhance China's global economic competitiveness, moving beyond solely military applications.
Project evaluation was integrated into the 863 Program's management system *before* the 2001 re-evaluation.
Answer: False
The formal integration of project evaluation into the 863 Program's management system occurred *after* the 2001 re-evaluation, not before.
The initial seven technological fields targeted by the 863 Program included Information Technology and Laser Technology.
Answer: True
Yes, Information Technology and Laser Technology were among the initial seven key technological fields prioritized by the 863 Program.
Telecommunications was one of the original seven fields included in the 863 Program.
Answer: False
Telecommunications was not one of the original seven fields; it was added later in 1992.
The Chinese name for the 863 Program is 'Guójì Gāojìshù Yǎnjiū Fāzhǎn Jìhuà'.
Answer: False
The statement is false. While 'Guójì Gāojìshù Yǎnjiū Fāzhǎn Jìhuà' (State High-Tech Development Plan) is an associated name, the direct Chinese name for the 863 Program is '863 Jìhuà' (863计划).
Foreign experts were excluded from the 2001 re-evaluation of the 863 Program.
Answer: False
Foreign experts were consulted during the 2001 re-evaluation process, contributing to the program's broadened focus.
Marine technology was added to the 863 Program scope in 1992.
Answer: False
Marine technology was added to the 863 Program scope in 1996, not 1992. Telecommunications was added in 1992.
The initial funding for the 863 Program was 10 million RMB.
Answer: False
The initial funding for the 863 Program in 1986 was 10 billion RMB, not 10 million RMB.
Who initially led the 863 Program?
Answer: Zhao Ziyang
The initial leadership of the 863 Program was entrusted to Zhao Ziyang, who held the position of Premier of China at the time of the program's inception.
What was the approximate percentage of the total government spending in 1986 that the 863 Program's initial fund represented?
Answer: 5%
The initial allocation of 10 billion RMB for the 863 Program in 1986 constituted approximately 5% of the total government expenditure for that year.
Through which Five-Year Plans did the 863 Program operate?
Answer: The Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Five-Year Plans.
The 863 Program was active during China's Seventh (1986-1990), Eighth (1991-1995), and Ninth (1996-2000) Five-Year Plans.
What was the outcome of the 2001 re-evaluation of the 863 Program?
Answer: Its focus was broadened to enhance China's global economic competitiveness.
The 2001 re-evaluation resulted in a strategic shift, broadening the 863 Program's focus to enhance China's global economic competitiveness, incorporating insights from foreign experts.
Which project management practice was formally integrated into the 863 Program following its 2001 re-evaluation?
Answer: Project evaluation
Following the 2001 re-evaluation, the practice of project evaluation was formally incorporated as a key component of the 863 Program's management system.
Which of the following was NOT among the initial seven key technological fields of the 863 Program?
Answer: Telecommunications
The initial seven fields were Biotechnology, Space technology, Information technology, Laser technology, Automation, Energy development, and New materials. Telecommunications was added later.
When was Marine Technology added to the scope of the 863 Program?
Answer: 1996
Marine Technology was incorporated into the 863 Program's scope in 1996, following the addition of Telecommunications in 1992.
What is the alternative Chinese name for the 863 Program?
Answer: 国家高技术研究发展计划 (Guójiā Gāojìshù Yánjiū Fāzhǎn Jìhuà - State High-Tech Development Plan)
The 863 Program is also known by its more formal Chinese designation, the State High-Tech Development Plan (国家高技术研究发展计划 - Guójiā Gāojìshù Yánjiū Fāzhǎn Jìhuà).
What was the role of foreign experts in the 2001 re-evaluation of the 863 Program?
Answer: They were consulted to help broaden the program's focus.
Foreign experts were consulted during the 2001 re-evaluation, providing input that contributed to the program's subsequent broadening of focus towards enhancing global economic competitiveness.
What was the total state financing allocated to the 863 Program during its Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Five-Year Plans?
Answer: 11 billion RMB
The total state financing allocated to the 863 Program across its Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Five-Year Plans amounted to approximately 11 billion RMB.
The 863 Program was initially established to foster development in how many key technological fields?
Answer: Seven
The 863 Program was initially established to foster development in seven key technological fields.
Which field was added to the 863 Program in 1992?
Answer: Telecommunications
Telecommunications was added to the scope of the 863 Program in 1992. Marine technology was added later, in 1996.
How did the 2001 re-evaluation aim to improve the 863 Program's impact?
Answer: By broadening its focus to enhance China's global economic competitiveness.
The 2001 re-evaluation aimed to enhance the program's impact by broadening its focus towards strengthening China's global economic competitiveness.
The Shenzhou spacecraft, used for China's human spaceflight, is a product of the 863 Program.
Answer: True
The Shenzhou spacecraft, integral to China's human spaceflight program, is recognized as a significant technological outcome supported by the 863 Program.
During its first three Five-Year Plan phases, the 863 Program generated over 5,000 patents.
Answer: False
During its first three Five-Year Plan phases (Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth), the 863 Program generated approximately 2,000 patents, not over 5,000.
The Loongson processor family was developed independently of the 863 Program.
Answer: False
The Loongson processor family, originally known as 'Godson', is recognized as a product that benefited from the technological advancements supported by the 863 Program, thus not developed independently.
The 863 Program's contribution to space exploration is limited to unmanned probes.
Answer: False
The program's contributions to space exploration are not limited to unmanned probes; it notably supported the development of the Shenzhou spacecraft for human spaceflight.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a product of the 863 Program?
Answer: BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
While the 863 Program supported the development of Loongson processors, Tianhe supercomputers, and the Shenzhou spacecraft, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System is not explicitly mentioned as a direct product within the provided source material.
Approximately how many patents were generated by the 863 Program during its Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Five-Year Plan phases?
Answer: Around 2,000 patents
During the period encompassing the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Five-Year Plans, the 863 Program generated approximately 2,000 patents.
The Loongson processor family, a product of the 863 Program, was originally known by what name?
Answer: Godson
The Loongson processor family, which benefited from the 863 Program's support, was initially developed and known under the name 'Godson'.
The Shenzhou spacecraft, a product of the 863 Program, is primarily associated with which area of development?
Answer: Human spaceflight missions
The Shenzhou spacecraft, a key outcome supported by the 863 Program, is primarily associated with the advancement of China's human spaceflight capabilities.
The 863 Program was inspired by the European Space Agency's technological advancements.
Answer: False
The 863 Program was primarily inspired by the United States' Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), not the European Space Agency's advancements.
The U.S. National Counterintelligence and Security Center views the 863 Program as a tool for legitimate, open-source technology development.
Answer: False
The U.S. National Counterintelligence and Security Center has characterized the 863 Program as a means to guide efforts for clandestinely acquiring technology from the U.S., rather than solely for legitimate, open-source development.
In 2011, a scientist was convicted for passing stolen U.S. commercial secrets to the 863 Program.
Answer: True
In 2011, scientist Huang Kexue was convicted for passing stolen U.S. commercial secrets, and the court found that some of this information was transmitted to the 863 Program.
Scientist Huang Kexue was accused of stealing secrets from Chinese corporations and giving them to the 863 Program.
Answer: False
The accusation against scientist Huang Kexue in 2011 involved passing stolen *U.S. commercial secrets* to the 863 Program, not secrets from Chinese corporations.
Which U.S. initiative served as the inspiration for the 863 Program?
Answer: The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
The 863 Program was significantly inspired by the United States' Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), proposed in 1983, which prompted China to accelerate its own advanced technology development.
According to the U.S. National Counterintelligence and Security Center, what is a key function of the 863 Program regarding foreign technology?
Answer: To guide efforts for clandestinely acquiring technology from the U.S.
The U.S. National Counterintelligence and Security Center has indicated that a key function of the 863 Program involves guiding efforts to clandestinely acquire technology and sensitive economic information, particularly from the United States.
What specific accusation led to the conviction of scientist Huang Kexue in 2011 related to the 863 Program?
Answer: Passing stolen commercial secrets from U.S. corporations to the 863 Program.
Scientist Huang Kexue was convicted in 2011 for passing stolen commercial secrets obtained from U.S. corporations to the 863 Program.
The 863 Program was merged with Program 973 in 2016 into the 'National Key R&D Program'.
Answer: True
This statement is accurate. In 2016, the 863 Program and Program 973 were integrated into the broader 'National Key R&D Program'.
Program 973 was a separate initiative focused solely on basic scientific research, unrelated to the 863 Program.
Answer: False
Program 973, while focused on basic scientific research, was a significant national initiative that, along with the 863 Program (focused on applied high technology), was eventually integrated into the National Key R&D Program.
The 'National Key R&D Program' was established before the 863 Program.
Answer: False
The National Key R&D Program was established in 2016, integrating earlier programs like the 863 Program, which began in 1986. Therefore, the 863 Program predates the National Key R&D Program.
In what year were the 863 Program and Program 973 integrated into the 'National Key R&D Program'?
Answer: 2016
In 2016, the 863 Program and Program 973 were consolidated and integrated into a new, overarching initiative known as the 'National Key R&D Program'.
The 863 Program, along with Program 973, was absorbed into which larger initiative?
Answer: The National Key R&D Program
In 2016, the 863 Program and Program 973 were integrated into a consolidated initiative known as the 'National Key R&D Program'.