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Adlai Stevenson II was born in Los Angeles, California, and spent his entire life there.
Answer: False
The provided material indicates Stevenson was born in Los Angeles, California, but was raised in Bloomington, Illinois, where he maintained his lifelong home base.
Adlai Stevenson II was the grandson of a former U.S. Vice President.
Answer: True
Stevenson II was indeed the grandson of Adlai Stevenson I, who served as the 23rd Vice President of the United States under President Grover Cleveland.
Stevenson enlisted in the U.S. Navy Reserve at the end of World War II.
Answer: False
The source material indicates Stevenson enlisted in the U.S. Naval Reserve at the end of World War I, not World War II.
Adlai Stevenson II was a lifelong member of the Republican Party.
Answer: False
Adlai Stevenson II was a prominent member of the Democratic Party throughout his political career.
Adlai Stevenson II belonged to the Unitarian faith.
Answer: True
The provided information confirms that Adlai Stevenson II was a member of the Unitarian faith.
Who was Adlai Stevenson II?
Answer: The 31st Governor of Illinois and U.S. Ambassador to the UN.
Adlai Stevenson II was a distinguished figure in American politics, notably serving as the 31st Governor of Illinois and later as the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations. He was also the Democratic presidential nominee in 1952 and 1956.
Adlai Stevenson II's familial connection to a former U.S. Vice President was through which relative?
Answer: His grandfather, Adlai Stevenson I, who served under President Cleveland.
Adlai Stevenson II was the grandson of Adlai Stevenson I, who served as the 23rd Vice President of the United States under President Grover Cleveland.
Where was Adlai Stevenson II born?
Answer: Los Angeles, California
Adlai Stevenson II was born in Los Angeles, California.
What military branch did Stevenson serve in at the end of World War I?
Answer: U.S. Navy Reserve
Stevenson enlisted in the United States Naval Reserve at the conclusion of World War I.
Which of the following federal departments did Stevenson work for during the Roosevelt and Truman administrations?
Answer: Department of the Navy and State Department
During the Roosevelt and Truman administrations, Stevenson held positions within the Department of the Navy and the State Department.
What was Stevenson's political party affiliation?
Answer: Democratic
Adlai Stevenson II was a prominent member of the Democratic Party throughout his political career.
What was Stevenson's role in the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) under President Roosevelt?
Answer: He served as a special attorney and assistant to the general counsel.
Stevenson served as a special attorney and assistant to the general counsel within the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) during President Roosevelt's administration.
As Governor of Illinois, Stevenson signed into law a controversial loyalty oath bill for public employees.
Answer: False
Contrary to the statement, Stevenson vetoed a loyalty oath bill, deeming it an infringement on rights and characteristic of a police state.
Stevenson humorously vetoed legislation that declared roaming cats a public nuisance.
Answer: True
The provided material confirms that Stevenson humorously vetoed legislation classifying roaming cats as a public nuisance, suggesting other matters were more pressing.
Stevenson's deposition as a character witness for Alger Hiss was used by his political opponents to portray him as 'tough on communism.'
Answer: False
Stevenson's deposition for Alger Hiss was utilized by opponents to portray him as 'soft on communism,' not 'tough on communism.'
President Harry Truman encouraged Stevenson to run for president in 1952 after deciding not to seek re-election.
Answer: True
President Truman did indeed encourage Stevenson to seek the Democratic nomination in 1952, following Truman's decision not to run for another term.
Stevenson's 1948 gubernatorial victory in Illinois was considered a significant upset.
Answer: True
Stevenson's 1948 victory for governor was indeed considered a significant upset, particularly given the margin of President Truman's win in Illinois that same year.
Stevenson expressed opposition to using armed personnel to enforce school desegregation.
Answer: True
Stevenson voiced opposition to the deployment of armed personnel for enforcing school desegregation, favoring a more gradual approach.
As Governor of Illinois, which of these was NOT among Stevenson's key actions?
Answer: Implementing significant tax increases.
The provided material highlights Stevenson's reforms in state police, highway improvements, and efforts to reduce corruption, but does not mention significant tax increases as a key action.
Why did Stevenson veto the loyalty oath bill?
Answer: He felt it was an unnecessary suppression of rights and characteristic of a police state.
Stevenson vetoed the loyalty oath bill because he considered it an unnecessary suppression of rights and indicative of a police state.
What factor contributed significantly to Stevenson becoming the Democratic presidential nominee in 1952, despite initial reluctance?
Answer: President Harry Truman's encouragement and a growing 'draft Stevenson' movement.
President Harry Truman's encouragement, coupled with a burgeoning 'draft Stevenson' movement, significantly contributed to Stevenson securing the Democratic nomination in 1952, despite his initial reservations.
Stevenson's 1948 gubernatorial win over Dwight H. Green was notable because:
Answer: It occurred despite President Truman carrying Illinois by a smaller margin.
Stevenson's 1948 gubernatorial victory was notable as he achieved a wider margin of victory than President Truman did in Illinois that same year, suggesting Stevenson's personal appeal.
The nickname 'egghead' was initially coined by Adlai Stevenson II himself to describe his intellectual approach to politics.
Answer: False
The nickname 'egghead' was coined by journalists Stewart and Joe Alsop to characterize Stevenson's intellectual demeanor, not by Stevenson himself.
Adlai Stevenson II won the 1952 presidential election.
Answer: False
Stevenson lost the 1952 presidential election to Dwight D. Eisenhower.
During his 1956 presidential campaign, Stevenson urged caution regarding the enforcement of the 'Brown v. Board of Education' decision.
Answer: True
Stevenson advocated for a cautious and gradual approach to implementing the 'Brown v. Board of Education' decision during his 1956 campaign, seeking to appeal to Southern voters.
Stevenson proposed an international ban on above-ground nuclear weapons tests and an end to the military draft during his 1956 campaign.
Answer: True
Stevenson did propose an international ban on above-ground nuclear tests and an end to the military draft as key policy points in his 1956 campaign.
Adlai Stevenson II won his second presidential bid against Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1956.
Answer: False
Stevenson lost his second presidential bid in 1956 to Dwight D. Eisenhower in a landslide victory.
Stevenson's running mate in the 1952 presidential election was Senator Estes Kefauver.
Answer: False
Stevenson's running mate in 1952 was Senator John Sparkman, not Estes Kefauver (who ran with him in 1956).
How did Stevenson's deposition as a character witness for Alger Hiss impact his 1952 presidential campaign?
Answer: It was used by opponents to portray him as 'soft on communism.'
Stevenson's role as a character witness for Alger Hiss was exploited by political opponents to characterize him as 'soft on communism' during the 1952 campaign.
The nickname 'egghead' applied to Stevenson was intended to highlight his:
Answer: Intellectual and perceived aristocratic demeanor.
The nickname 'egghead' was used to characterize Stevenson's intellectual and perceived aristocratic qualities, often implying a detachment from common voters.
How did Stevenson's initial approach to television differ from Dwight D. Eisenhower's in the 1952 campaign?
Answer: Stevenson viewed TV advertising as distasteful and resisted its use, while Eisenhower embraced it.
Stevenson harbored reservations about the commercialization of politics, viewing television advertising as distasteful. This reluctance contrasted with Dwight D. Eisenhower's more enthusiastic embrace of the medium, which proved to be a significant advantage in the 1952 campaign.
In the 1952 presidential election, Adlai Stevenson II lost to which opponent?
Answer: Dwight D. Eisenhower
Adlai Stevenson II lost the 1952 presidential election to Dwight D. Eisenhower.
What was Stevenson's strategy regarding school desegregation during his 1956 presidential campaign?
Answer: Urged caution and a gradual approach to gain Southern support.
During his 1956 campaign, Stevenson advocated for a cautious and gradual approach to school desegregation, aiming to garner support from Southern voters.
Which of the following policy proposals did Stevenson make during his 1956 campaign?
Answer: An international ban on above-ground nuclear tests and an end to the draft.
Stevenson proposed an international ban on above-ground nuclear weapons tests and an end to the military draft during his 1956 presidential campaign.
What was the outcome of the 1956 presidential election for Adlai Stevenson II?
Answer: He lost decisively to Dwight D. Eisenhower in a landslide.
Adlai Stevenson II lost the 1956 presidential election to Dwight D. Eisenhower in a landslide, securing only 42% of the popular vote and 73 electoral votes.
Who was Adlai Stevenson II's running mate in the 1956 presidential election?
Answer: Estes Kefauver
Senator Estes Kefauver of Tennessee was Adlai Stevenson II's running mate in the 1956 presidential election.
How did Eleanor Roosevelt support Adlai Stevenson II?
Answer: She actively campaigned for him and championed his nomination.
Eleanor Roosevelt was a staunch supporter of Adlai Stevenson II, actively campaigning for him and championing his presidential nominations.
What was Stevenson's relationship with the Kennedy family, particularly Robert F. Kennedy?
Answer: Strained, with Robert Kennedy reportedly threatening Stevenson during the 1960 convention.
Stevenson's relationship with Robert F. Kennedy was notably strained, with reports of RFK making threats during the 1960 convention, contributing to Stevenson's perception of the Kennedys as 'cold and ruthless'.
During the 1956 election, Stevenson's hopes were impacted by which simultaneous international crises?
Answer: The Suez Crisis and the Hungarian Uprising.
The simultaneous occurrence of the Suez Crisis and the Hungarian Uprising in October 1956 significantly impacted Stevenson's presidential campaign, overshadowing his platform and bolstering incumbent President Eisenhower.
Adlai Stevenson II played a significant role in the formation of the United Nations.
Answer: True
Stevenson was involved in the foundational stages of the United Nations, serving on the committee that created it and participating in early U.S. delegations.
President John F. Kennedy offered Stevenson the position of Secretary of State after the 1960 election.
Answer: False
President Kennedy offered Stevenson positions such as Ambassador to Britain or Attorney General, but not Secretary of State. Stevenson accepted the role of U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations.
Stevenson's most significant diplomatic humiliation occurred during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Answer: False
Stevenson's most significant diplomatic humiliation occurred during the Bay of Pigs invasion, not the Cuban Missile Crisis, where he performed commendably.
During the Cuban Missile Crisis, Stevenson presented photographic evidence of Soviet missiles in Cuba to the UN Security Council.
Answer: True
Stevenson famously presented photographic evidence of Soviet missile installations in Cuba during a dramatic confrontation at the UN Security Council.
Within the EXCOMM meetings, Stevenson proposed exchanging obsolete U.S. Jupiter missiles in Turkey for Soviet missiles in Cuba.
Answer: True
Stevenson put forth the proposal to exchange U.S. missiles in Turkey for Soviet missiles in Cuba during EXCOMM deliberations.
Stevenson encountered significant opposition and protests from anti-United Nations groups during his travels as UN Ambassador.
Answer: True
The provided material confirms that Stevenson faced protests and opposition from anti-UN groups during his public engagements as Ambassador.
Stevenson publicly supported President Johnson's containment policy in Vietnam but privately advocated for immediate U.S. withdrawal.
Answer: False
Stevenson publicly supported containment but privately advocated for negotiations through the UN, not immediate withdrawal.
Stevenson's involvement with the formation of the United Nations included:
Answer: Being a member of the committee that created it and initial U.S. delegations.
Stevenson was a member of the committee responsible for creating the United Nations and participated in the initial U.S. delegations.
After John F. Kennedy's 1960 election victory, Stevenson accepted which position?
Answer: United States Ambassador to the United Nations
Following John F. Kennedy's election in 1960, Stevenson accepted the position of United States Ambassador to the United Nations.
During the Bay of Pigs invasion, Stevenson experienced a significant diplomatic humiliation primarily because:
Answer: He was unwittingly misled by the CIA into repeating a false cover story.
Stevenson's diplomatic humiliation during the Bay of Pigs invasion stemmed from being misled by the CIA into presenting a false cover story to the UN General Assembly.
What famous confrontation occurred when Stevenson presented evidence of Soviet missiles in Cuba at the UN?
Answer: He presented irrefutable photographic evidence and demanded a direct answer.
During the Cuban Missile Crisis, Stevenson presented photographic evidence of Soviet missiles in Cuba to the UN Security Council and famously demanded a direct response from the Soviet representative.
Within the EXCOMM, Stevenson's proposal regarding the Cuban Missile Crisis involved:
Answer: Exchanging U.S. missiles in Turkey for Soviet missiles in Cuba.
Stevenson proposed the strategic exchange of obsolete U.S. Jupiter missiles in Turkey for Soviet missiles stationed in Cuba during EXCOMM discussions.
The 'Alsop-Bartlett' article, widely believed to be influenced by President Kennedy, portrayed Stevenson's role in the Cuban Missile Crisis as:
Answer: Weak and advocating for appeasement ('Munich').
The 'Alsop-Bartlett' article, reportedly influenced by President Kennedy, depicted Stevenson's stance during the Cuban Missile Crisis as weak and akin to appeasement, which deeply troubled Stevenson.
What challenges did Stevenson face when speaking around the country as UN Ambassador?
Answer: He faced protests and heckling from groups skeptical of the UN.
As UN Ambassador, Stevenson encountered significant opposition and protests from groups critical of the United Nations during his public appearances.
Regarding the Vietnam War, Stevenson's public stance was support for containment, but privately he:
Answer: Urged President Johnson to seek negotiations through the UN.
While publicly supporting President Johnson's containment policy in Vietnam, Stevenson privately advocated for initiating negotiations through the United Nations.
Adlai Stevenson II died in London, England, in 1965.
Answer: True
Adlai Stevenson II passed away in London, England, on July 14, 1965, due to heart failure.
Biographers described Stevenson's legacy as primarily representing a pragmatic, results-driven politician focused on economic policy.
Answer: False
Biographers generally characterize Stevenson's legacy not as pragmatic or focused on economic policy, but rather as a symbol of reason, civility, intellectualism, and a more elevated style of politics, marked by elegant language and wit.
The photograph revealing a hole in the sole of Stevenson's shoe during his campaign was used to symbolize his extravagance.
Answer: False
The photograph of the hole in Stevenson's shoe was interpreted as a symbol of his frugality and earthiness, not extravagance.
Adlai Stevenson II's marriage to Ellen Borden ended in divorce in 1949.
Answer: True
The marriage of Adlai Stevenson II and Ellen Borden was dissolved by divorce in 1949.
Adlai Stevenson II remarried shortly after his divorce from Ellen Borden.
Answer: False
Stevenson did not remarry after his divorce from Ellen Borden.
Adlai Stevenson II died of heart failure in which city?
Answer: London
Adlai Stevenson II died of heart failure in London, England.
What did Stevenson's legacy primarily represent, according to biographers like Jean H. Baker and Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.?
Answer: A voice for reason, civility, and intellectualism in politics.
Biographers frequently characterize Stevenson's legacy as representing a voice for reason, civility, and intellectualism within American politics.
The photograph showing a hole in Stevenson's shoe during his campaign was interpreted as a symbol of his:
Answer: Frugality and earthiness.
The image of a hole in Stevenson's shoe during his campaign was widely interpreted as symbolizing his frugality and down-to-earth nature.
Which of the following is named in honor of Adlai Stevenson II?
Answer: The Stevenson Expressway (Interstate 55) in Illinois.
The Stevenson Expressway (Interstate 55) in Illinois is one of several landmarks named in honor of Adlai Stevenson II.
Adlai Stevenson II's marriage to Ellen Borden ended in divorce in which year?
Answer: 1949
The divorce decree for Adlai Stevenson II and Ellen Borden was finalized in 1949.
What was Stevenson's legacy primarily associated with, according to biographers?
Answer: A voice for reason, civility, and intellectualism in politics.
Biographers frequently characterize Stevenson's legacy as representing a voice for reason, civility, and intellectualism within American politics.