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The Scientific Contributions and Career of Alexander Todd

At a Glance

Title: The Scientific Contributions and Career of Alexander Todd

Total Categories: 5

Category Stats

  • Early Life and Education: 7 flashcards, 9 questions
  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: 17 flashcards, 21 questions
  • Academic Career and Institutional Roles: 7 flashcards, 10 questions
  • Awards, Honors, and Public Service: 13 flashcards, 18 questions
  • Personal Life and Legacy: 8 flashcards, 11 questions

Total Stats

  • Total Flashcards: 52
  • True/False Questions: 35
  • Multiple Choice Questions: 34
  • Total Questions: 69

Instructions

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Welcome to Your Curriculum Command Center

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The Core Concept: What is a "Kit"?

Think of a Kit as your all-in-one digital lesson plan. It's a single, portable file that contains every piece of content for a topic: your subject categories, a central image, all your flashcards, and all your questions. The true power of the Studio is speed—once a kit is made (or you import one), you are just minutes away from printing an entire set of coursework.

Getting Started is Simple:

  • Create New Kit: Start with a clean slate. Perfect for a brand-new lesson idea.
  • Import & Edit Existing Kit: Load a .json kit file from your computer to continue your work or to modify a kit created by a colleague.
  • Restore Session: The Studio automatically saves your progress in your browser. If you get interrupted, you can restore your unsaved work with one click.

Step 1: Laying the Foundation (The Authoring Tools)

This is where you build the core knowledge of your Kit. Use the left-side navigation panel to switch between these powerful authoring modules.

⚙️ Kit Manager: Your Kit's Identity

This is the high-level control panel for your project.

  • Kit Name: Give your Kit a clear title. This will appear on all your printed materials.
  • Master Image: Upload a custom cover image for your Kit. This is essential for giving your content a professional visual identity, and it's used as the main graphic when you export your Kit as an interactive game.
  • Topics: Create the structure for your lesson. Add topics like "Chapter 1," "Vocabulary," or "Key Formulas." All flashcards and questions will be organized under these topics.

🃏 Flashcard Author: Building the Knowledge Blocks

Flashcards are the fundamental concepts of your Kit. Create them here to define terms, list facts, or pose simple questions.

  • Click "➕ Add New Flashcard" to open the editor.
  • Fill in the term/question and the definition/answer.
  • Assign the flashcard to one of your pre-defined topics.
  • To edit or remove a flashcard, simply use the ✏️ (Edit) or ❌ (Delete) icons next to any entry in the list.

✍️ Question Author: Assessing Understanding

Create a bank of questions to test knowledge. These questions are the engine for your worksheets and exams.

  • Click "➕ Add New Question".
  • Choose a Type: True/False for quick checks or Multiple Choice for more complex assessments.
  • To edit an existing question, click the ✏️ icon. You can change the question text, options, correct answer, and explanation at any time.
  • The Explanation field is a powerful tool: the text you enter here will automatically appear on the teacher's answer key and on the Smart Study Guide, providing instant feedback.

🔗 Intelligent Mapper: The Smart Connection

This is the secret sauce of the Studio. The Mapper transforms your content from a simple list into an interconnected web of knowledge, automating the creation of amazing study guides.

  • Step 1: Select a question from the list on the left.
  • Step 2: In the right panel, click on every flashcard that contains a concept required to answer that question. They will turn green, indicating a successful link.
  • The Payoff: When you generate a Smart Study Guide, these linked flashcards will automatically appear under each question as "Related Concepts."

Step 2: The Magic (The Generator Suite)

You've built your content. Now, with a few clicks, turn it into a full suite of professional, ready-to-use materials. What used to take hours of formatting and copying-and-pasting can now be done in seconds.

🎓 Smart Study Guide Maker

Instantly create the ultimate review document. It combines your questions, the correct answers, your detailed explanations, and all the "Related Concepts" you linked in the Mapper into one cohesive, printable guide.

📝 Worksheet & 📄 Exam Builder

Generate unique assessments every time. The questions and multiple-choice options are randomized automatically. Simply select your topics, choose how many questions you need, and generate:

  • A Student Version, clean and ready for quizzing.
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Forget wrestling with table layouts in a word processor. Select a topic, choose a cards-per-page layout, and instantly generate perfectly formatted, print-ready flashcard sheets.

Step 3: Saving and Collaborating

  • 💾 Export & Save Kit: This is your primary save function. It downloads the entire Kit (content, images, and all) to your computer as a single .json file. Use this to create permanent backups and share your work with others.
  • ➕ Import & Merge Kit: Combine your work. You can merge a colleague's Kit into your own or combine two of your lessons into a larger review Kit.

You're now ready to reclaim your time.

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Study Guide: The Scientific Contributions and Career of Alexander Todd

Study Guide: The Scientific Contributions and Career of Alexander Todd

Early Life and Education

Alexander Todd was born in London, England.

Answer: False

Alexander Todd was born in Cathcart, a locality in outer Glasgow, Scotland, on October 2, 1907.

Related Concepts:

  • When and where was Alexander Todd born?: Alexander Todd was born on October 2, 1907, in Cathcart, a locality in outer Glasgow, Scotland.
  • Where did Alexander Todd receive his university education?: Alexander Todd pursued his higher education at the University of Glasgow, the University of Frankfurt am Main in Germany, and Oriel College at the University of Oxford.
  • In what year was Alexander Todd awarded the Royal Medal?: The Royal Medal was awarded to Alexander Todd in 1955, recognizing his distinguished scientific achievements.

Todd pursued his higher education exclusively at the University of Glasgow.

Answer: False

Alexander Todd pursued higher education at multiple institutions, including the University of Glasgow, the University of Frankfurt am Main in Germany, and Oriel College at the University of Oxford.

Related Concepts:

  • Where did Alexander Todd receive his university education?: Alexander Todd pursued his higher education at the University of Glasgow, the University of Frankfurt am Main in Germany, and Oriel College at the University of Oxford.
  • What significant leadership position did Lord Todd hold for a new Scottish university?: Lord Todd was appointed as the first Chancellor of the University of Strathclyde, a newly established institution, in 1965.
  • What was Alexander Todd's role at the University of Edinburgh?: Alexander Todd served on the staff at the University of Edinburgh from 1934 to 1936.

Alexander Todd's doctoral thesis at the University of Frankfurt focused on the chemistry of nucleic acids.

Answer: False

Alexander Todd's doctoral thesis at the University of Frankfurt centered on the chemistry of bile acids, not nucleic acids.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the subject of Alexander Todd's doctoral thesis at the University of Frankfurt?: Alexander Todd earned his doctorate from the University of Frankfurt for his thesis, which focused on the chemistry of bile acids.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.
  • What area of research did Todd focus on when he began his work at the University of Manchester?: Upon joining the University of Manchester, Todd commenced his research on nucleosides, which are the essential structural units that make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.

An 1851 Research Fellowship enabled Todd to study at the University of Manchester.

Answer: False

The 1851 Research Fellowship enabled Todd to study at Oriel College, Oxford, not the University of Manchester.

Related Concepts:

  • What fellowship enabled Todd to study at Oxford University?: Todd was awarded an 1851 Research Fellowship from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, which allowed him to undertake further study at Oriel College, Oxford.
  • What were the main fields of study for Alexander Todd?: Alexander Todd's primary fields of scientific endeavor were chemistry and biochemistry, focusing on organic chemistry and the structure of biological molecules.
  • What academic position did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Manchester starting in 1938?: In 1938, Alexander Todd was appointed to the Sir Samuel Hall Chair of Chemistry and became the director of the Chemical Laboratories at the University of Manchester.

In which Scottish locality was Alexander Todd born?

Answer: Cathcart

Alexander Todd was born on October 2, 1907, in Cathcart, a locality situated in the outer region of Glasgow, Scotland.

Related Concepts:

  • When and where was Alexander Todd born?: Alexander Todd was born on October 2, 1907, in Cathcart, a locality in outer Glasgow, Scotland.
  • Where did Alexander Todd receive his university education?: Alexander Todd pursued his higher education at the University of Glasgow, the University of Frankfurt am Main in Germany, and Oriel College at the University of Oxford.
  • What was Alexander Todd's role at the University of Edinburgh?: Alexander Todd served on the staff at the University of Edinburgh from 1934 to 1936.

What specific area of chemistry formed the basis of Alexander Todd's doctoral thesis at the University of Frankfurt?

Answer: The chemistry of bile acids

Alexander Todd earned his doctorate from the University of Frankfurt for his thesis, which focused on the chemistry of bile acids.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the subject of Alexander Todd's doctoral thesis at the University of Frankfurt?: Alexander Todd earned his doctorate from the University of Frankfurt for his thesis, which focused on the chemistry of bile acids.
  • What were the main fields of study for Alexander Todd?: Alexander Todd's primary fields of scientific endeavor were chemistry and biochemistry, focusing on organic chemistry and the structure of biological molecules.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Which fellowship allowed Alexander Todd to pursue further studies at Oriel College, Oxford?

Answer: The 1851 Research Fellowship

Todd was awarded an 1851 Research Fellowship from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, which enabled him to undertake further study at Oriel College, Oxford.

Related Concepts:

  • Where did Alexander Todd receive his university education?: Alexander Todd pursued his higher education at the University of Glasgow, the University of Frankfurt am Main in Germany, and Oriel College at the University of Oxford.
  • What fellowship enabled Todd to study at Oxford University?: Todd was awarded an 1851 Research Fellowship from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, which allowed him to undertake further study at Oriel College, Oxford.
  • What was Alexander Todd's role at Christ's College, Cambridge, from 1963 to 1978?: Alexander Todd served as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge, during the period from 1963 to 1978.

Which of the following was NOT among the universities where Alexander Todd pursued his higher education for degrees?

Answer: University of Edinburgh

Alexander Todd pursued higher education at the University of Glasgow, the University of Frankfurt am Main, and Oriel College at the University of Oxford. He served on the staff at the University of Edinburgh earlier in his career but did not obtain degrees there.

Related Concepts:

  • Where did Alexander Todd receive his university education?: Alexander Todd pursued his higher education at the University of Glasgow, the University of Frankfurt am Main in Germany, and Oriel College at the University of Oxford.
  • What fellowship enabled Todd to study at Oxford University?: Todd was awarded an 1851 Research Fellowship from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, which allowed him to undertake further study at Oriel College, Oxford.
  • What was Alexander Todd's role at the University of Edinburgh?: Alexander Todd served on the staff at the University of Edinburgh from 1934 to 1936.

Alexander Todd's research on nucleosides began when he joined which university?

Answer: University of Manchester

Upon joining the University of Manchester in 1938, Todd commenced his research on nucleosides, which are fundamental components of nucleic acids.

Related Concepts:

  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.
  • What area of research did Todd focus on when he began his work at the University of Manchester?: Upon joining the University of Manchester, Todd commenced his research on nucleosides, which are the essential structural units that make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.
  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Alexander Todd's Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded for his research on the structure and synthesis of vitamins.

Answer: False

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry awarded to Alexander Todd in 1957 recognized his extensive research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes. While he also conducted significant research on vitamins, this was not the primary basis for the Nobel Prize.

Related Concepts:

  • What was Alexander Todd's contribution to the study of Vitamin B1?: Alexander Todd conducted research on the structure and synthesis of Vitamin B1.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.
  • What prestigious award did Alexander Todd receive in 1957?: In 1957, Alexander Todd was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his significant work on nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes.

The primary fields of Alexander Todd's scientific study were physics and geology.

Answer: False

Alexander Todd's primary fields of scientific endeavor were chemistry and biochemistry, focusing on organic chemistry and the structure of biological molecules.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the main fields of study for Alexander Todd?: Alexander Todd's primary fields of scientific endeavor were chemistry and biochemistry, focusing on organic chemistry and the structure of biological molecules.
  • When did Alexander Todd marry, and who was his father-in-law?: Alexander Todd married Alison Sarah Dale in 1937. His father-in-law was Sir Henry Hallett Dale, a prominent physiologist and former President of the Royal Society.
  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.

Alexander Todd received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957 for his work on nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes.

Answer: True

Alexander Todd was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957 for his seminal contributions to understanding the structure and synthesis of nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes, fundamental components of nucleic acids and cellular metabolism.

Related Concepts:

  • What prestigious award did Alexander Todd receive in 1957?: In 1957, Alexander Todd was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his significant work on nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.
  • What specific research areas were recognized by the Nobel Prize awarded to Lord Todd?: The Nobel Prize recognized Lord Todd's extensive work on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes, which are fundamental components in biological processes.

In 1949, Alexander Todd and his collaborators synthesized Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD).

Answer: False

In 1949, Alexander Todd and his collaborators synthesized adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), not AMP and NAD.

Related Concepts:

  • What key biochemical molecules did Todd synthesize in 1949?: In 1949, Alexander Todd and his collaborators at Cambridge successfully synthesized adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).
  • What prestigious award did Alexander Todd receive in 1957?: In 1957, Alexander Todd was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his significant work on nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Todd's research in 1951 helped determine the DNA backbone structure, confirming the findings of Watson and Crick.

Answer: True

In 1951, Alexander Todd and his collaborators elucidated the chemical structure of the DNA backbone, specifically detailing the linkage between the sugar and phosphate groups. This biochemical evidence corroborated the double helix model proposed by Watson and Crick.

Related Concepts:

  • How did Alexander Todd's research contribute to the understanding of DNA structure?: By 1951, Todd and his colleagues had biochemically determined the structure of the DNA backbone, specifically how carbon atoms 3 and 5 of the sugar are linked to phosphates. This work corroborated the X-ray diffraction studies conducted by Watson and Crick.
  • What prestigious award did Alexander Todd receive in 1957?: In 1957, Alexander Todd was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his significant work on nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Alexander Todd was the sole scientist responsible for determining the definitive structure of Vitamin B12.

Answer: False

While Alexander Todd made significant contributions to the elucidation of Vitamin B12's complex structure in 1955, the definitive determination of its structure was ultimately achieved by Dorothy Hodgkin and her research team.

Related Concepts:

  • What was Alexander Todd's contribution to the study of Vitamin B1?: Alexander Todd conducted research on the structure and synthesis of Vitamin B1.
  • What role did Alexander Todd play in the structural determination of Vitamin B12?: In 1955, Alexander Todd contributed to the elucidation of Vitamin B12's structure, although the definitive structure was ultimately determined by Dorothy Hodgkin and her research team.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Besides vitamins, Todd also investigated the structure and synthesis of alkaloids found in cannabis.

Answer: True

In addition to his work on vitamins, Alexander Todd's research portfolio included the investigation of anthocyanins, the pigments responsible for plant coloration, and alkaloids, a class of naturally occurring nitrogen-containing compounds, including those found in cannabis.

Related Concepts:

  • Besides vitamins, what other natural compounds did Todd investigate?: Todd also studied the structure and synthesis of vitamins B1 and E, investigated anthocyanins (the pigments responsible for the colors in flowers and fruits), and examined alkaloids found in cannabis.
  • What did Alexander Todd study regarding cannabis?: Alexander Todd studied alkaloids found in cannabis.
  • What was Alexander Todd's contribution to the study of Vitamin B1?: Alexander Todd conducted research on the structure and synthesis of Vitamin B1.

In 1940, Alexander Todd synthesized delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from Cannabidiol.

Answer: False

In 1940, Alexander Todd synthesized H4-CBD and H2-CBD from Cannabidiol, not THC.

Related Concepts:

  • What specific chemical synthesis involving cannabis compounds is Alexander Todd credited with in 1940?: In 1940, Alexander Todd is recognized for being the first to synthesize H4-CBD and H2-CBD from Cannabidiol through a process of hydrogenation.
  • What did Alexander Todd study regarding cannabis?: Alexander Todd studied alkaloids found in cannabis.

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) functions as a primary energy currency within cells.

Answer: True

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that serves as the primary energy currency within cells, powering various biological processes through the release of energy stored in its chemical bonds.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the function of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) in biological systems?: Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that serves as the primary energy currency within cells, powering various biological processes through the release of energy stored in its chemical bonds.

Hydrogenation is a chemical process involving the addition of oxygen to a substance.

Answer: False

Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction where hydrogen is added to a substance, typically involving the reduction of unsaturated bonds, not the addition of oxygen.

Related Concepts:

  • What is hydrogenation in a chemical context?: Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction where hydrogen is added to a substance, typically involving the reduction of unsaturated bonds, not the addition of oxygen.

Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?

Answer: A British biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for research on nucleotides and coenzymes.

Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the main fields of study for Alexander Todd?: Alexander Todd's primary fields of scientific endeavor were chemistry and biochemistry, focusing on organic chemistry and the structure of biological molecules.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.
  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.

What significant biochemical molecules did Alexander Todd and his collaborators successfully synthesize in 1949?

Answer: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

In 1949, Alexander Todd and his collaborators at Cambridge successfully synthesized adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), key molecules in cellular energy transfer and metabolism.

Related Concepts:

  • What key biochemical molecules did Todd synthesize in 1949?: In 1949, Alexander Todd and his collaborators at Cambridge successfully synthesized adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).
  • What prestigious award did Alexander Todd receive in 1957?: In 1957, Alexander Todd was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his significant work on nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

How did Alexander Todd's 1951 research contribute to the understanding of DNA?

Answer: It biochemically determined the structure of the DNA backbone, corroborating Watson and Crick's findings.

In 1951, Alexander Todd and his collaborators elucidated the chemical structure of the DNA backbone, specifically detailing the linkage between the sugar and phosphate groups. This biochemical evidence corroborated the double helix model proposed by Watson and Crick.

Related Concepts:

  • How did Alexander Todd's research contribute to the understanding of DNA structure?: By 1951, Todd and his colleagues had biochemically determined the structure of the DNA backbone, specifically how carbon atoms 3 and 5 of the sugar are linked to phosphates. This work corroborated the X-ray diffraction studies conducted by Watson and Crick.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.
  • What prestigious award did Alexander Todd receive in 1957?: In 1957, Alexander Todd was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his significant work on nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes.

While contributing to the elucidation of Vitamin B12's structure, who ultimately determined its definitive structure?

Answer: Dorothy Hodgkin

While Alexander Todd made significant contributions to the elucidation of Vitamin B12's complex structure in 1955, the definitive determination of its structure was ultimately achieved by Dorothy Hodgkin and her research team.

Related Concepts:

  • What role did Alexander Todd play in the structural determination of Vitamin B12?: In 1955, Alexander Todd contributed to the elucidation of Vitamin B12's structure, although the definitive structure was ultimately determined by Dorothy Hodgkin and her research team.

Which of the following compounds found in cannabis did Alexander Todd synthesize in 1940?

Answer: H4-CBD and H2-CBD

In 1940, Alexander Todd synthesized H4-CBD and H2-CBD from Cannabidiol, not THC.

Related Concepts:

  • What specific chemical synthesis involving cannabis compounds is Alexander Todd credited with in 1940?: In 1940, Alexander Todd is recognized for being the first to synthesize H4-CBD and H2-CBD from Cannabidiol through a process of hydrogenation.
  • What did Alexander Todd study regarding cannabis?: Alexander Todd studied alkaloids found in cannabis.
  • Besides vitamins, what other natural compounds did Todd investigate?: Todd also studied the structure and synthesis of vitamins B1 and E, investigated anthocyanins (the pigments responsible for the colors in flowers and fruits), and examined alkaloids found in cannabis.

What is the primary role of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) in biological systems, as mentioned in the context of Todd's research?

Answer: Acting as the primary energy currency in cells

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that serves as the primary energy currency within cells, powering various biological processes through the release of energy stored in its chemical bonds.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the function of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) in biological systems?: Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that serves as the primary energy currency within cells, powering various biological processes through the release of energy stored in its chemical bonds.
  • What area of research did Todd focus on when he began his work at the University of Manchester?: Upon joining the University of Manchester, Todd commenced his research on nucleosides, which are the essential structural units that make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.

Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD), studied by Todd, is described as a vital coenzyme involved in what process?

Answer: Electron transfer in metabolic reactions

Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) is a vital coenzyme that participates in numerous metabolic reactions, primarily by facilitating the transfer of electrons in processes like cellular respiration.

Related Concepts:

  • What role does Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) play in biochemistry?: Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) is a vital coenzyme that participates in numerous metabolic reactions, primarily by facilitating the transfer of electrons in processes like cellular respiration.

What are anthocyanins, which Alexander Todd also investigated?

Answer: Pigments responsible for red, purple, and blue colors in plants

Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments found in plants that produce red, purple, and blue colors, contributing to the visual appeal of many flowers, fruits, and vegetables.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the subject of Alexander Todd's research on anthocyanins?: Alexander Todd studied anthocyanins, the pigments responsible for the colors of flowers and fruits, and also investigated their presence in insects like aphids and beetles.
  • Besides vitamins, what other natural compounds did Todd investigate?: Todd also studied the structure and synthesis of vitamins B1 and E, investigated anthocyanins (the pigments responsible for the colors in flowers and fruits), and examined alkaloids found in cannabis.
  • What did Alexander Todd study regarding cannabis?: Alexander Todd studied alkaloids found in cannabis.

The term 'alkaloids', studied by Todd in relation to cannabis, refers to what type of chemical compounds?

Answer: Naturally occurring compounds often containing nitrogen, typically found in plants

Alkaloids are a class of naturally occurring chemical compounds, often containing nitrogen, that are typically found in plants and can have significant effects on human physiology.

Related Concepts:

  • What did Alexander Todd study regarding cannabis?: Alexander Todd studied alkaloids found in cannabis.
  • Besides vitamins, what other natural compounds did Todd investigate?: Todd also studied the structure and synthesis of vitamins B1 and E, investigated anthocyanins (the pigments responsible for the colors in flowers and fruits), and examined alkaloids found in cannabis.
  • What area of research did Todd focus on when he began his work at the University of Manchester?: Upon joining the University of Manchester, Todd commenced his research on nucleosides, which are the essential structural units that make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.

Alexander Todd received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his work primarily related to:

Answer: Nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes

Alexander Todd was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957 for his seminal contributions to understanding the structure and synthesis of nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes.

Related Concepts:

  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.
  • What prestigious award did Alexander Todd receive in 1957?: In 1957, Alexander Todd was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his significant work on nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes.
  • What were the main fields of study for Alexander Todd?: Alexander Todd's primary fields of scientific endeavor were chemistry and biochemistry, focusing on organic chemistry and the structure of biological molecules.

What was the significance of Alexander Todd's 1955 contribution regarding Vitamin B12?

Answer: He contributed to the elucidation of its structure, alongside Dorothy Hodgkin.

While Alexander Todd made significant contributions to the elucidation of Vitamin B12's complex structure in 1955, the definitive determination of its structure was ultimately achieved by Dorothy Hodgkin and her research team.

Related Concepts:

  • What role did Alexander Todd play in the structural determination of Vitamin B12?: In 1955, Alexander Todd contributed to the elucidation of Vitamin B12's structure, although the definitive structure was ultimately determined by Dorothy Hodgkin and her research team.
  • What was Alexander Todd's contribution to the study of Vitamin B1?: Alexander Todd conducted research on the structure and synthesis of Vitamin B1.
  • What prestigious award did Alexander Todd receive in 1957?: In 1957, Alexander Todd was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his significant work on nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes.

Academic Career and Institutional Roles

In 1938, Alexander Todd became the Sir Samuel Hall Chair of Chemistry at the University of Manchester.

Answer: True

In 1938, Alexander Todd was appointed to the distinguished Sir Samuel Hall Chair of Chemistry at the University of Manchester, where he also assumed the directorship of the institution's Chemical Laboratories.

Related Concepts:

  • What academic position did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Manchester starting in 1938?: In 1938, Alexander Todd was appointed to the Sir Samuel Hall Chair of Chemistry and became the director of the Chemical Laboratories at the University of Manchester.
  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Upon joining the University of Manchester, Todd began research on vitamins.

Answer: False

Upon joining the University of Manchester, Todd commenced his research on nucleosides, which are fundamental components of nucleic acids.

Related Concepts:

  • What area of research did Todd focus on when he began his work at the University of Manchester?: Upon joining the University of Manchester, Todd commenced his research on nucleosides, which are the essential structural units that make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.
  • Besides vitamins, what other natural compounds did Todd investigate?: Todd also studied the structure and synthesis of vitamins B1 and E, investigated anthocyanins (the pigments responsible for the colors in flowers and fruits), and examined alkaloids found in cannabis.
  • What was Alexander Todd's contribution to the study of Vitamin B1?: Alexander Todd conducted research on the structure and synthesis of Vitamin B1.

Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.

Answer: True

From 1944 until his retirement in 1971, Alexander Todd occupied the esteemed 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge, a professorship with a significant historical lineage.

Related Concepts:

  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.
  • What is the significance of the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at Cambridge University?: The 1702 Chair of Chemistry at Cambridge University is a distinguished professorship that Alexander Todd held from 1944 to 1971, following notable predecessors like William Jackson Pope.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Alexander Todd served as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge, from 1963 to 1978.

Answer: True

Alexander Todd held the leadership role of Master of Christ's College, Cambridge, for an extended period, from 1963 to 1978.

Related Concepts:

  • What was Alexander Todd's role at Christ's College, Cambridge, from 1963 to 1978?: Alexander Todd served as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge, during the period from 1963 to 1978.
  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.
  • When and where did Alexander Todd pass away?: Alexander Todd passed away in Cambridge on January 10, 1997, at the age of 89.

Lord Todd was appointed as the first Vice-Chancellor of the University of Strathclyde.

Answer: False

Lord Todd was appointed as the first Chancellor, not Vice-Chancellor, of the University of Strathclyde.

Related Concepts:

  • What significant leadership position did Lord Todd hold for a new Scottish university?: Lord Todd was appointed as the first Chancellor of the University of Strathclyde, a newly established institution, in 1965.
  • What was Alexander Todd's role at the University of Edinburgh?: Alexander Todd served on the staff at the University of Edinburgh from 1934 to 1936.

The 1702 Chair of Chemistry at Cambridge is a professorship previously held by William Jackson Pope.

Answer: True

The 1702 Chair of Chemistry at Cambridge University is a distinguished professorship that Alexander Todd held from 1944 to 1971, following notable predecessors such as William Jackson Pope.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the significance of the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at Cambridge University?: The 1702 Chair of Chemistry at Cambridge University is a distinguished professorship that Alexander Todd held from 1944 to 1971, following notable predecessors like William Jackson Pope.
  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.

Alexander Todd held the prestigious 1702 Chair of Chemistry at which university?

Answer: University of Cambridge

Alexander Todd held the esteemed 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 to 1971.

Related Concepts:

  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.
  • What is the significance of the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at Cambridge University?: The 1702 Chair of Chemistry at Cambridge University is a distinguished professorship that Alexander Todd held from 1944 to 1971, following notable predecessors like William Jackson Pope.
  • What recognition does the Royal Society of Chemistry provide for Alexander Todd at Cambridge University?: The Royal Society of Chemistry has erected a blue plaque at the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge to commemorate Alexander Todd's scientific legacy.

Who succeeded Alexander Todd as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge?

Answer: Sir John Plumb

Sir John Plumb succeeded Alexander Todd as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge.

Related Concepts:

  • What was Alexander Todd's role at Christ's College, Cambridge, from 1963 to 1978?: Alexander Todd served as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge, during the period from 1963 to 1978.
  • Who succeeded Alexander Todd as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge?: Sir John Plumb succeeded Alexander Todd as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge.
  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.

What was Alexander Todd's role at the University of Manchester starting in 1938?

Answer: Sir Samuel Hall Chair of Chemistry and Director of Chemical Laboratories

In 1938, Alexander Todd was appointed to the distinguished Sir Samuel Hall Chair of Chemistry at the University of Manchester, where he also assumed the directorship of the institution's Chemical Laboratories.

Related Concepts:

  • What academic position did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Manchester starting in 1938?: In 1938, Alexander Todd was appointed to the Sir Samuel Hall Chair of Chemistry and became the director of the Chemical Laboratories at the University of Manchester.
  • What was Alexander Todd's role at the University of Edinburgh?: Alexander Todd served on the staff at the University of Edinburgh from 1934 to 1936.
  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.

What distinction did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge from 1963 to 1978?

Answer: Master of Christ's College

Alexander Todd held the leadership role of Master of Christ's College, Cambridge, for an extended period, from 1963 to 1978.

Related Concepts:

  • What was Alexander Todd's role at Christ's College, Cambridge, from 1963 to 1978?: Alexander Todd served as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge, during the period from 1963 to 1978.
  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.
  • What esteemed position did Alexander Todd hold within the scientific community from 1975 to 1980?: From 1975 to 1980, Alexander Todd served as the President of the Royal Society, a highly respected role in British science.

Awards, Honors, and Public Service

Alexander Todd chaired the UK Government's advisory committee on scientific policy from 1952 to 1964.

Answer: True

From 1952 to 1964, Alexander Todd provided significant governmental service as the chairman of the United Kingdom's Advisory Committee on Scientific Policy.

Related Concepts:

  • What important government advisory role did Alexander Todd fulfill?: Alexander Todd chaired the United Kingdom Government's advisory committee on scientific policy from 1952 to 1964.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.
  • What esteemed position did Alexander Todd hold within the scientific community from 1975 to 1980?: From 1975 to 1980, Alexander Todd served as the President of the Royal Society, a highly respected role in British science.

Alexander Todd was created a Life Peer in 1962, taking the title Baron Todd of Oxford.

Answer: False

In 1962, Alexander Todd was elevated to the peerage as a Life Peer, receiving the title Baron Todd of Trumpington, not Oxford.

Related Concepts:

  • What important government advisory role did Alexander Todd fulfill?: Alexander Todd chaired the United Kingdom Government's advisory committee on scientific policy from 1952 to 1964.
  • What was Alexander Todd's role at Christ's College, Cambridge, from 1963 to 1978?: Alexander Todd served as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge, during the period from 1963 to 1978.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

From 1975 to 1980, Alexander Todd served as the President of the Royal Society.

Answer: True

Alexander Todd held the prestigious position of President of the Royal Society, the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences, from 1975 to 1980.

Related Concepts:

  • What esteemed position did Alexander Todd hold within the scientific community from 1975 to 1980?: From 1975 to 1980, Alexander Todd served as the President of the Royal Society, a highly respected role in British science.
  • What important government advisory role did Alexander Todd fulfill?: Alexander Todd chaired the United Kingdom Government's advisory committee on scientific policy from 1952 to 1964.
  • When did Alexander Todd marry, and who was his father-in-law?: Alexander Todd married Alison Sarah Dale in 1937. His father-in-law was Sir Henry Hallett Dale, a prominent physiologist and former President of the Royal Society.

Queen Elizabeth II awarded Lord Todd the Nobel Prize in 1977.

Answer: False

Queen Elizabeth II awarded Lord Todd the Order of Merit in 1977. His Nobel Prize was awarded in 1957 by the Nobel Committee.

Related Concepts:

  • What significant honor was bestowed upon Lord Todd by Queen Elizabeth II in 1977?: In 1977, Queen Elizabeth II awarded Lord Todd the Order of Merit, recognizing his outstanding contributions.
  • What esteemed position did Alexander Todd hold within the scientific community from 1975 to 1980?: From 1975 to 1980, Alexander Todd served as the President of the Royal Society, a highly respected role in British science.

Alexander Todd received the Tilden Prize in 1940.

Answer: True

In 1940, Alexander Todd was awarded the Tilden Prize, an honor presented by the Royal Society of Chemistry.

Related Concepts:

  • What prize did Alexander Todd receive in 1940?: In 1940, Alexander Todd was awarded the Tilden Prize, an honor presented by the Royal Society of Chemistry.
  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.
  • In what year was Alexander Todd awarded the Royal Medal?: The Royal Medal was awarded to Alexander Todd in 1955, recognizing his distinguished scientific achievements.

Alexander Todd received the Davy Medal in 1949.

Answer: True

Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.

Related Concepts:

  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.
  • What were the main fields of study for Alexander Todd?: Alexander Todd's primary fields of scientific endeavor were chemistry and biochemistry, focusing on organic chemistry and the structure of biological molecules.

Alexander Todd received the Royal Medal in 1955.

Answer: True

The Royal Medal was awarded to Alexander Todd in 1955, recognizing his distinguished scientific achievements.

Related Concepts:

  • In what year was Alexander Todd awarded the Royal Medal?: The Royal Medal was awarded to Alexander Todd in 1955, recognizing his distinguished scientific achievements.
  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Alexander Todd was presented with the Copley Medal in 1970.

Answer: True

In 1970, Alexander Todd received the Copley Medal, the Royal Society's highest award, in recognition of his outstanding contributions to chemistry and biochemistry.

Related Concepts:

  • What award did Alexander Todd receive in 1970?: In 1970, Alexander Todd received the Copley Medal, the Royal Society's highest award, in recognition of his outstanding contributions to chemistry and biochemistry.
  • In what year was Alexander Todd awarded the Royal Medal?: The Royal Medal was awarded to Alexander Todd in 1955, recognizing his distinguished scientific achievements.
  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.

Sir John Plumb succeeded Alexander Todd as the President of the Royal Society.

Answer: False

Sir John Plumb succeeded Alexander Todd as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge. Sir Andrew Huxley succeeded Alexander Todd as the President of the Royal Society.

Related Concepts:

  • Who succeeded Alexander Todd as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge?: Sir John Plumb succeeded Alexander Todd as the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge.
  • Who succeeded Alexander Todd as the President of the Royal Society?: Sir Andrew Huxley succeeded Alexander Todd as the President of the Royal Society.
  • What esteemed position did Alexander Todd hold within the scientific community from 1975 to 1980?: From 1975 to 1980, Alexander Todd served as the President of the Royal Society, a highly respected role in British science.

What governmental advisory role did Alexander Todd fulfill from 1952 to 1964?

Answer: Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Scientific Policy

From 1952 to 1964, Alexander Todd provided significant governmental service as the chairman of the United Kingdom's Advisory Committee on Scientific Policy.

Related Concepts:

  • What important government advisory role did Alexander Todd fulfill?: Alexander Todd chaired the United Kingdom Government's advisory committee on scientific policy from 1952 to 1964.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

In what year was Alexander Todd knighted?

Answer: 1954

Alexander Todd received the honor of knighthood in 1954.

Related Concepts:

  • In what year was Alexander Todd awarded the Royal Medal?: The Royal Medal was awarded to Alexander Todd in 1955, recognizing his distinguished scientific achievements.
  • When was Alexander Todd knighted, and what title did he receive in 1962?: Alexander Todd was knighted in 1954, becoming Sir Alexander Todd. He was later created a Life Peer on April 16, 1962, taking the title Baron Todd of Trumpington.
  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.

What title did Alexander Todd receive in 1962, making him a member of the House of Lords?

Answer: Baron Todd of Trumpington

In 1962, Alexander Todd was elevated to the peerage as a Life Peer, receiving the title Baron Todd of Trumpington, not Oxford.

Related Concepts:

  • What important government advisory role did Alexander Todd fulfill?: Alexander Todd chaired the United Kingdom Government's advisory committee on scientific policy from 1952 to 1964.
  • When was Alexander Todd knighted, and what title did he receive in 1962?: Alexander Todd was knighted in 1954, becoming Sir Alexander Todd. He was later created a Life Peer on April 16, 1962, taking the title Baron Todd of Trumpington.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Alexander Todd served as the President of which prestigious scientific organization from 1975 to 1980?

Answer: The Royal Society

Alexander Todd held the prestigious position of President of the Royal Society, the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences, from 1975 to 1980.

Related Concepts:

  • What esteemed position did Alexander Todd hold within the scientific community from 1975 to 1980?: From 1975 to 1980, Alexander Todd served as the President of the Royal Society, a highly respected role in British science.
  • What important government advisory role did Alexander Todd fulfill?: Alexander Todd chaired the United Kingdom Government's advisory committee on scientific policy from 1952 to 1964.
  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.

What significant honor was bestowed upon Lord Todd by Queen Elizabeth II in 1977?

Answer: Order of Merit

In 1977, Queen Elizabeth II bestowed upon Lord Todd the Order of Merit, a high honor recognizing exceptional service.

Related Concepts:

  • What significant honor was bestowed upon Lord Todd by Queen Elizabeth II in 1977?: In 1977, Queen Elizabeth II awarded Lord Todd the Order of Merit, recognizing his outstanding contributions.
  • What esteemed position did Alexander Todd hold within the scientific community from 1975 to 1980?: From 1975 to 1980, Alexander Todd served as the President of the Royal Society, a highly respected role in British science.

What recognition did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?

Answer: Davy Medal

In 1949, Alexander Todd was awarded the Davy Medal, an honor recognizing his significant contributions to chemistry.

Related Concepts:

  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.
  • In what year was Alexander Todd awarded the Royal Medal?: The Royal Medal was awarded to Alexander Todd in 1955, recognizing his distinguished scientific achievements.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

What does the designation 'FRS' signify for a scientist?

Answer: A Fellow of the Royal Society, indicating significant scientific contribution

Being elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) is a prestigious recognition for individuals who have made substantial and significant contributions to the advancement of science.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the significance of being a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS)?: Being elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) is a prestigious recognition for individuals who have made substantial and significant contributions to the advancement of science.

What is the significance of the title 'Life Peer'?

Answer: It is an honorary title awarded for life, not passed down.

A Life Peer is granted a peerage that is valid only for their lifetime, meaning the title and associated privileges do not pass down to their heirs. This honor is often awarded for distinguished public service.

Related Concepts:

  • What does the title 'Life Peer' signify?: A Life Peer is granted a peerage that is valid only for their lifetime, meaning the title and associated privileges do not pass down to their heirs. This honor is often awarded for distinguished public service.

Which of these awards was presented to Alexander Todd in 1970?

Answer: Copley Medal

In 1970, Alexander Todd received the Copley Medal, the Royal Society's highest award, in recognition of his outstanding contributions to chemistry and biochemistry.

Related Concepts:

  • What award did Alexander Todd receive in 1970?: In 1970, Alexander Todd received the Copley Medal, the Royal Society's highest award, in recognition of his outstanding contributions to chemistry and biochemistry.
  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.
  • In what year was Alexander Todd awarded the Royal Medal?: The Royal Medal was awarded to Alexander Todd in 1955, recognizing his distinguished scientific achievements.

Personal Life and Legacy

Alexander Todd married Alison Sarah Dale in 1937, and his father-in-law was also a former President of the Royal Society.

Answer: True

Alexander Todd married Alison Sarah Dale in 1937. His father-in-law, Sir Henry Hallett Dale, was indeed a distinguished physiologist and a former President of the Royal Society.

Related Concepts:

  • When did Alexander Todd marry, and who was his father-in-law?: Alexander Todd married Alison Sarah Dale in 1937. His father-in-law was Sir Henry Hallett Dale, a prominent physiologist and former President of the Royal Society.
  • What esteemed position did Alexander Todd hold within the scientific community from 1975 to 1980?: From 1975 to 1980, Alexander Todd served as the President of the Royal Society, a highly respected role in British science.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Alexander Todd had four children.

Answer: False

Alexander Todd and his wife Alison had three children: Alexander Henry, Helen Jean, and Hilary Alison.

Related Concepts:

  • How many children did Alexander Todd have?: Alexander Todd and his wife Alison had three children: Alexander Henry, Helen Jean, and Hilary Alison.
  • What was the name of Alexander Todd's autobiography?: Alexander Todd's autobiography was titled "A Time to Remember."
  • When did Alexander Todd marry, and who was his father-in-law?: Alexander Todd married Alison Sarah Dale in 1937. His father-in-law was Sir Henry Hallett Dale, a prominent physiologist and former President of the Royal Society.

Alexander Todd passed away in Glasgow in 1997.

Answer: False

Alexander Todd passed away in Cambridge on January 10, 1997, at the age of 89.

Related Concepts:

  • When and where was Alexander Todd born?: Alexander Todd was born on October 2, 1907, in Cathcart, a locality in outer Glasgow, Scotland.
  • When and where did Alexander Todd pass away?: Alexander Todd passed away in Cambridge on January 10, 1997, at the age of 89.
  • Where did Alexander Todd receive his university education?: Alexander Todd pursued his higher education at the University of Glasgow, the University of Frankfurt am Main in Germany, and Oriel College at the University of Oxford.

The Atherton–Todd reaction is a chemical reaction named solely after Alexander Todd.

Answer: False

The Atherton–Todd reaction, a significant transformation in organic chemistry, is named jointly after Alexander Todd and his collaborator, Arthur Atherton.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the Atherton–Todd reaction?: The Atherton–Todd reaction is a chemical reaction in organic synthesis, named in part after Alexander Todd, which involves the reaction of amines with certain reagents.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.
  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.

A blue plaque commemorating Alexander Todd is located at the University of Manchester's Chemistry Department.

Answer: False

A blue plaque commemorating Alexander Todd's scientific legacy is located at the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge, not Manchester.

Related Concepts:

  • What recognition does the Royal Society of Chemistry provide for Alexander Todd at Cambridge University?: The Royal Society of Chemistry has erected a blue plaque at the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge to commemorate Alexander Todd's scientific legacy.
  • What academic position did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Manchester starting in 1938?: In 1938, Alexander Todd was appointed to the Sir Samuel Hall Chair of Chemistry and became the director of the Chemical Laboratories at the University of Manchester.
  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.

Alexander Todd's coat of arms bears the motto "Scientia Potentia Est".

Answer: False

Alexander Todd's coat of arms features the motto "Faire Sans Dire," which translates to "To do without saying," rather than "Scientia Potentia Est."

Related Concepts:

  • What were the main fields of study for Alexander Todd?: Alexander Todd's primary fields of scientific endeavor were chemistry and biochemistry, focusing on organic chemistry and the structure of biological molecules.
  • Which medal did Alexander Todd receive in 1949?: Alexander Todd was honored with the Davy Medal in 1949, acknowledging his significant contributions to chemistry.
  • When did Alexander Todd marry, and who was his father-in-law?: Alexander Todd married Alison Sarah Dale in 1937. His father-in-law was Sir Henry Hallett Dale, a prominent physiologist and former President of the Royal Society.

Who was Alexander Todd's father-in-law, also a notable figure in the scientific community?

Answer: Henry Hallett Dale

Alexander Todd's father-in-law was Sir Henry Hallett Dale, a distinguished pharmacologist and biochemist who also served as President of the Royal Society.

Related Concepts:

  • When did Alexander Todd marry, and who was his father-in-law?: Alexander Todd married Alison Sarah Dale in 1937. His father-in-law was Sir Henry Hallett Dale, a prominent physiologist and former President of the Royal Society.
  • What were the main fields of study for Alexander Todd?: Alexander Todd's primary fields of scientific endeavor were chemistry and biochemistry, focusing on organic chemistry and the structure of biological molecules.
  • Who was Alexander Robertus Todd, and what was his primary scientific contribution?: Alexander Robertus Todd, also known as Lord Todd, was a distinguished British biochemist. His seminal research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1957.

Alexander Todd died at the age of 89 in which city?

Answer: Cambridge

Alexander Todd passed away in Cambridge on January 10, 1997, at the age of 89.

Related Concepts:

  • When and where did Alexander Todd pass away?: Alexander Todd passed away in Cambridge on January 10, 1997, at the age of 89.
  • When and where was Alexander Todd born?: Alexander Todd was born on October 2, 1907, in Cathcart, a locality in outer Glasgow, Scotland.
  • Where did Alexander Todd receive his university education?: Alexander Todd pursued his higher education at the University of Glasgow, the University of Frankfurt am Main in Germany, and Oriel College at the University of Oxford.

What recognition does the Royal Society of Chemistry provide for Alexander Todd at Cambridge University?

Answer: A blue plaque

The Royal Society of Chemistry has erected a blue plaque at the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge to commemorate Alexander Todd's scientific legacy.

Related Concepts:

  • What recognition does the Royal Society of Chemistry provide for Alexander Todd at Cambridge University?: The Royal Society of Chemistry has erected a blue plaque at the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge to commemorate Alexander Todd's scientific legacy.
  • What significant professorship did Alexander Todd hold at the University of Cambridge?: Alexander Todd held the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1944 until his retirement in 1971.
  • What is the significance of the 1702 Chair of Chemistry at Cambridge University?: The 1702 Chair of Chemistry at Cambridge University is a distinguished professorship that Alexander Todd held from 1944 to 1971, following notable predecessors like William Jackson Pope.

What is the meaning of the motto "Faire Sans Dire" found on Alexander Todd's coat of arms?

Answer: To Do Without Saying

The motto "Faire Sans Dire" inscribed on Alexander Todd's coat of arms translates from French to "To do without saying," reflecting a principle of action and quiet accomplishment.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the motto inscribed on Alexander Todd's coat of arms?: The motto associated with Alexander Todd's coat of arms is "Faire Sans Dire," which translates to "To do without saying."

Alexander Todd's autobiography shares the title:

Answer: A Time to Remember

Alexander Todd's autobiography, reflecting on his life and career, is titled "A Time to Remember."

Related Concepts:

  • What was the name of Alexander Todd's autobiography?: Alexander Todd's autobiography was titled "A Time to Remember."
  • When and where was Alexander Todd born?: Alexander Todd was born on October 2, 1907, in Cathcart, a locality in outer Glasgow, Scotland.
  • Where did Alexander Todd receive his university education?: Alexander Todd pursued his higher education at the University of Glasgow, the University of Frankfurt am Main in Germany, and Oriel College at the University of Oxford.

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