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Vivaldi was born in Venice in 1678.
Answer: True
The source material states that Antonio Vivaldi was born on March 4, 1678, in Venice, Republic of Venice.
Vivaldi's nickname, 'il Prete Rosso,' translates to 'The Red Priest.'
Answer: True
Vivaldi's nickname, 'il Prete Rosso,' is derived from his red hair, a characteristic inherited from his family, and it translates to 'The Red Priest.'
Vivaldi received a dispensation from celebrating public Masses due to a respiratory illness called 'strettezza di petto.'
Answer: True
Vivaldi was granted a dispensation from celebrating public Masses, likely due to a recurring health condition known as 'strettezza di petto,' commonly interpreted as asthma.
Antonio Vivaldi's father was a professional violinist who significantly influenced his son's early musical training.
Answer: True
Antonio Vivaldi's father, Giovanni Battista Vivaldi, was a professional violinist and served as his son's initial instructor, fostering his early musical development.
Giovanni Legrenzi is considered a possible early teacher of Vivaldi in composition.
Answer: True
Musicological scholarship suggests that Giovanni Legrenzi, a prominent composer in Venice, may have provided Vivaldi with his initial composition instruction.
Vivaldi's early baptism was performed by a midwife shortly after his birth, with the full ceremonial baptism by a priest occurring two months later.
Answer: True
Due to his fragile health at birth, Antonio Vivaldi received an immediate baptism from a midwife, followed by the complete ceremonial baptism by a priest two months later.
In which city, known for its canals, was Antonio Vivaldi born?
Answer: Venice
Antonio Vivaldi was born in Venice, a city renowned for its intricate network of canals and its rich cultural heritage.
What does Vivaldi's nickname 'il Prete Rosso' mean?
Answer: The Red Priest
The nickname 'il Prete Rosso,' associated with Vivaldi, translates to 'The Red Priest,' a reference to his distinctive red hair.
Vivaldi's dispensation from celebrating public Masses was likely due to which health condition?
Answer: Tightness of the chest ('strettezza di petto')
The dispensation granted to Vivaldi from celebrating public Masses is attributed to his recurring health issue, 'strettezza di petto,' often interpreted as asthma.
Who taught young Antonio Vivaldi to play the violin?
Answer: Giovanni Battista Vivaldi
Antonio Vivaldi's father, Giovanni Battista Vivaldi, a professional violinist, provided his son with foundational violin instruction.
Vivaldi's primary occupations included composer, violinist, impresario, and priest.
Answer: True
Vivaldi's multifaceted career encompassed roles as a composer, virtuoso violinist, impresario, and ordained Roman Catholic priest.
Vivaldi composed many significant works for the Ospedale della Pietà, an institution for orphaned girls in Venice.
Answer: True
The Ospedale della Pietà was an institution for orphaned girls in Venice, and Vivaldi composed a substantial body of his musical works for its talented musicians.
Vivaldi managed operas at the Teatro San Angelo in Venice, although the success of these productions varied.
Answer: True
Vivaldi served as the impresario for the Teatro San Angelo in Venice, overseeing the presentation of his operas, with varying degrees of commercial success.
Anna Girò was a singer who traveled with Vivaldi, but he denied any romantic involvement.
Answer: True
Anna Girò, a singer and Vivaldi's protégée, accompanied him during his travels; however, Vivaldi consistently denied any romantic entanglement with her.
*Il teatro alla moda* is described in the source as a critical pamphlet by Benedetto Marcello that satirized contemporary opera, indirectly targeting Vivaldi.
Answer: True
The work *Il teatro alla moda* is identified as a satirical pamphlet authored by Benedetto Marcello, which critiqued the operatic milieu of the time and alluded to Vivaldi.
In 1716, Vivaldi was appointed *maestro de' concerti* (music director) at the Ospedale della Pietà.
Answer: True
In 1716, Vivaldi advanced to the position of *maestro de' concerti* (music director) at the Ospedale della Pietà, overseeing the musical activities and composing new concertos regularly.
Which of the following was NOT one of Vivaldi's main occupations?
Answer: Painter
Vivaldi's principal professions were composer, violinist, impresario, and priest. Painting was not among his documented occupations.
Vivaldi composed many of his major works for which Venetian institution?
Answer: Ospedale della Pietà
The Ospedale della Pietà, an orphanage renowned for its musical education of girls, was a primary institution for which Vivaldi composed a significant portion of his oeuvre.
What was the relationship between Vivaldi and the singer Anna Girò?
Answer: She was his student and protégée
Anna Girò was a singer who studied under Vivaldi and traveled with him; their relationship was characterized by mentorship, though Vivaldi denied any romantic connection.
What was Vivaldi's position at the Ospedale della Pietà in 1716?
Answer: Music director (*maestro de' concerti*)
In 1716, Vivaldi was elevated to the role of *maestro de' concerti* at the Ospedale della Pietà, overseeing the musical direction and repertoire.
Antonio Vivaldi was a prominent composer of the Baroque era.
Answer: True
The source material identifies Antonio Vivaldi as a composer of the Baroque era, renowned for his significant contributions to the concerto form.
Vivaldi is most famous for his set of violin concertos, *The Four Seasons*.
Answer: True
Antonio Vivaldi's most celebrated composition is *The Four Seasons*, a collection of four violin concertos that vividly depict the characteristics of each season.
Vivaldi's Opus 1, published in 1705, was a collection of twelve sonatas for two violins and basso continuo.
Answer: True
Vivaldi's Opus 1, published in 1705, comprises twelve sonatas written for two violins and basso continuo, reflecting a conventional style for the period.
*L'estro armonico* (Opus 3), published in 1711, was a collection of twelve concertos featuring various solo instruments, including cello and flute.
Answer: True
*L'estro armonico* (Opus 3), published in 1711, is a significant collection of twelve concertos for one, two, and four violins, marking a pivotal point in Vivaldi's career.
In *The Four Seasons*, Vivaldi aimed to musically represent various natural phenomena and events associated with each season.
Answer: True
In *The Four Seasons*, Vivaldi sought to evoke specific imagery of nature and seasonal events, such as birdsong, storms, and winter landscapes, through his music.
Each concerto in *The Four Seasons* is accompanied by a poem, possibly written by Vivaldi himself, describing the musical scenes.
Answer: True
Accompanying each concerto in *The Four Seasons* is a sonnet, widely attributed to Vivaldi, which provides a literary description of the musical content.
Vivaldi composed concertos for a variety of instruments, including the bassoon, cello, and flute, not exclusively the violin.
Answer: True
Vivaldi's prolific output includes concertos written for a wide range of instruments beyond the violin, such as the bassoon, cello, oboe, flute, viola d'amore, recorder, lute, and mandolin.
Antonio Vivaldi is primarily associated with which musical era?
Answer: Baroque
Antonio Vivaldi is recognized as a preeminent composer of the Baroque period, known for his significant contributions to the concerto and opera.
What is Antonio Vivaldi's most famous musical composition?
Answer: *The Four Seasons*
Antonio Vivaldi's most widely recognized and celebrated work is *The Four Seasons*, a set of four violin concertos that masterfully evoke the essence of each season.
Vivaldi's Opus 3, *L'estro armonico*, published in 1711, was significant because it:
Answer: Featured concertos for four violins
*L'estro armonico* (Opus 3) was significant for its collection of twelve concertos, including notable works for multiple violins, which achieved widespread European success.
What literary element accompanies each concerto in *The Four Seasons*?
Answer: A sonnet
Each concerto within Vivaldi's *The Four Seasons* is paired with a sonnet, believed to be written by Vivaldi himself, which describes the musical imagery presented.
Besides the violin, Vivaldi wrote concertos for which other instrument?
Answer: Bassoon
Vivaldi demonstrated versatility by composing concertos for numerous instruments, including the bassoon, in addition to his prolific works for the violin.
Vivaldi's first opera was *Ottone in villa*, which premiered in Vicenza in 1713.
Answer: True
The opera *Ottone in villa*, premiered in Vicenza in 1713, is recognized as Antonio Vivaldi's debut opera.
*Juditha triumphans* is a sacred oratorio celebrating a Venetian military victory, featuring an all-female cast.
Answer: True
Composed in 1716, *Juditha triumphans* is a significant sacred oratorio that commemorates a Venetian military triumph and uniquely employed an all-female ensemble from the Ospedale della Pietà.
Vivaldi's opera *Arsilda, regina di Ponto* faced censorship issues because its plot involved a same-sex relationship.
Answer: True
The opera *Arsilda, regina di Ponto* encountered censorship challenges in 1716 due to a plot element involving a romantic relationship between female characters.
In 2002, a substantial portion of the music for Vivaldi's opera *Motezuma* was discovered in archives in Berlin.
Answer: True
The discovery in 2002 of significant musical material for Vivaldi's opera *Motezuma* in the Sing-Akademie zu Berlin archives was considered a highly important find.
Vivaldi's notable sacred choral works include the *Gloria* and *Stabat Mater*, but not *The Four Seasons*.
Answer: True
While *Juditha triumphans* is a sacred work, *The Four Seasons* is a set of concertos; notable sacred choral works by Vivaldi include the *Gloria* (RV 589) and *Stabat Mater* (RV 621).
Vivaldi claimed to have composed approximately 94 operas, but only about 50 have been discovered and documented.
Answer: True
In a letter, Vivaldi stated he had written around 94 operas; however, scholarly research has identified approximately 50 operatic works to date.
The discovery of *Dixit Dominus* (RV 807) in 2005 was considered significant because it was arguably the most important non-operatic Vivaldi work found since the 1920s.
Answer: True
The identification of *Dixit Dominus* (RV 807) in 2005 was hailed by scholars as a highly significant find, representing the most crucial non-operatic Vivaldi composition discovered in decades.
Vivaldi's opera *Farnace*, presented in 1730, was notably successful and garnered six revivals.
Answer: True
The opera *Farnace*, premiered in 1730, achieved considerable success, evidenced by its multiple revivals throughout its performance history.
Vivaldi collaborated with Pietro Metastasio, a prominent writer and court poet in Vienna, on operas such as *L'Olimpiade*.
Answer: True
Vivaldi engaged in collaborations with Pietro Metastasio, a distinguished literary figure and court poet, on operatic works including *L'Olimpiade* and *Catone in Utica*.
Vivaldi's opera *Ottone in villa* premiered in which city?
Answer: Vicenza
Vivaldi's opera *Ottone in villa*, his first operatic work, premiered in the city of Vicenza in 1713.
What type of musical work is *Juditha triumphans*?
Answer: Sacred oratorio
*Juditha triumphans*, composed in 1716, is classified as a sacred oratorio, notable for its dramatic narrative and musical complexity.
Why did Vivaldi's opera *Arsilda, regina di Ponto* face censorship issues?
Answer: It featured a plot involving a same-sex relationship
The opera *Arsilda, regina di Ponto* encountered censorship due to its plot, which included a narrative element depicting a same-sex relationship.
The 2002 discovery of music for which Vivaldi opera was considered highly significant?
Answer: *Motezuma*
The discovery of substantial musical portions for Vivaldi's opera *Motezuma* in Berlin archives in 2002 was regarded as a highly significant find for Vivaldi scholarship.
What are some of Vivaldi's notable sacred choral works?
Answer: *Stabat Mater*
Vivaldi's significant sacred choral compositions include the *Gloria* (RV 589) and the *Stabat Mater* (RV 621), among others.
How many operas did Vivaldi claim to have composed, and how many have been identified?
Answer: Claimed 94, discovered about 50
Vivaldi indicated in correspondence that he composed approximately 94 operas, though current scholarly consensus identifies around 50 extant works.
The discovery of *Dixit Dominus* (RV 807) in 2005 was considered significant because it was:
Answer: The most important non-operatic Vivaldi work found since the 1920s
The discovery of *Dixit Dominus* (RV 807) in 2005 was deemed highly significant, representing arguably the most crucial non-operatic Vivaldi composition unearthed since the 1920s.
Vivaldi collaborated with Pietro Metastasio on which opera?
Answer: *L'Olimpiade*
Antonio Vivaldi collaborated with the librettist Pietro Metastasio on the opera *L'Olimpiade*, among other works.
Emperor Charles VI recognized Vivaldi's talent in 1728, granting him the title of knight and inviting him to Vienna.
Answer: True
In 1728, Emperor Charles VI, impressed by Vivaldi's musical prowess, bestowed upon him the title of knight and extended an invitation to visit Vienna.
Vivaldi moved to Vienna hoping for patronage from Emperor Charles VI, but the Emperor's death shortly after his arrival contributed to Vivaldi dying in poverty.
Answer: True
Vivaldi relocated to Vienna seeking imperial patronage, but the untimely death of Emperor Charles VI soon after Vivaldi's arrival left him without support, contributing to his impoverished death less than a year later.
Antonio Vivaldi was buried in a simple grave in a cemetery in Vienna.
Answer: True
Antonio Vivaldi was interred in a burial ground associated with the Bürgerspital-Gottesacker in Vienna, a site that no longer exists.
Which Emperor was impressed by Vivaldi's music in 1728 and granted him a title?
Answer: Emperor Charles VI
Emperor Charles VI, recognizing Vivaldi's exceptional musical talent in 1728, bestowed upon him the title of knight and invited him to his court in Vienna.
Vivaldi's move to Vienna ultimately led to his death in poverty primarily because:
Answer: His patron, Emperor Charles VI, died shortly after his arrival
Vivaldi's relocation to Vienna was predicated on the patronage of Emperor Charles VI; however, the Emperor's death soon after Vivaldi's arrival left him without crucial support, contributing to his financial hardship and subsequent death.
Where was Antonio Vivaldi buried?
Answer: In a cemetery in Vienna
Antonio Vivaldi was laid to rest in a cemetery located in Vienna, Austria, near St. Charles Church.
After his death, Vivaldi's music remained largely overlooked for nearly two centuries before experiencing a significant revival.
Answer: True
Following Vivaldi's death, his musical output experienced a prolonged period of neglect, with widespread interest only resurfacing approximately two centuries later, primarily in the early 20th century.
Fritz Kreisler's composition, presented as being in Vivaldi's style, helped to reignite scholarly and public interest in Vivaldi's music.
Answer: True
The composer Fritz Kreisler played a role in Vivaldi's musical revival by creating compositions that emulated Vivaldi's style, thereby stimulating renewed appreciation for his work.
Vivaldi's compositions are primarily identified using the K number, referencing the Köchel Catalog.
Answer: False
Vivaldi's compositions are cataloged using the RV number, corresponding to the Ryom-Verzeichnis, not the K number associated with Mozart's works.
Johann Sebastian Bach was influenced by Vivaldi, transcribing several of his concertos for keyboard.
Answer: True
Johann Sebastian Bach held Vivaldi in high regard, evidenced by his transcriptions of several Vivaldi concertos for solo keyboard instruments.
A significant discovery of Vivaldi's lost works occurred in a monastery in Piedmont in 1926.
Answer: True
In 1926, fourteen bound volumes of Vivaldi's music, previously thought lost, were discovered in a monastery in Piedmont, Italy, representing a major find for Vivaldi scholarship.
Surviving lifetime visual representations of Vivaldi include an engraving, an ink sketch, and an oil painting.
Answer: True
The extant visual records of Vivaldi from his lifetime comprise an engraving by François Morellon de La Cave, an ink sketch by Pier Leone Ghezzi, and an anonymous oil portrait.
The 'Allée Vivaldi' in Paris is a street named in honor of the composer.
Answer: True
The 'Allée Vivaldi' in Paris is a designated street that honors the enduring legacy and influence of Antonio Vivaldi.
How long did Vivaldi's music remain largely overlooked after his death?
Answer: Nearly two centuries
Vivaldi's compositions experienced a significant decline in popularity following his death, remaining largely neglected for approximately two centuries until a revival commenced in the early 20th century.
Which composer's work, presented as being in Vivaldi's style, helped reignite interest in Vivaldi's music?
Answer: Fritz Kreisler
Fritz Kreisler's compositions, crafted in the style of Vivaldi, played a crucial role in stimulating renewed scholarly and public engagement with Vivaldi's musical legacy.
What numbering system is primarily used today to catalog Vivaldi's compositions?
Answer: RV (Ryom-Verzeichnis)
The Ryom-Verzeichnis, compiled by Peter Ryom, assigns RV numbers to Vivaldi's compositions, serving as the standard modern catalog for his extensive body of work.
Which Baroque composer was significantly influenced by Vivaldi's music?
Answer: Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach was profoundly influenced by Vivaldi's compositional techniques, notably transcribing several of his concertos for keyboard performance.
What significant discovery of Vivaldi's music occurred in Piedmont in 1926?
Answer: Fourteen bound volumes of Vivaldi's music
In 1926, a discovery was made in a Piedmont monastery yielding fourteen bound volumes of Vivaldi's music, comprising hundreds of compositions previously thought lost.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a surviving lifetime visual representation of Vivaldi?
Answer: A marble bust by Bernini
The surviving lifetime visual representations of Vivaldi include an engraving, an ink sketch, and an oil painting; a marble bust by Bernini is not among them.