Export your learner materials as an interactive game, a webpage, or FAQ style cheatsheet.
Unsaved Work Found!
It looks like you have unsaved work from a previous session. Would you like to restore it?
Total Categories: 7
A battleship is fundamentally defined as a large warship equipped with a main battery of large-caliber guns and heavy armor.
Answer: True
The definition of a battleship emphasizes its role as a large, heavily armored warship featuring a main battery of large-caliber guns, serving as the capital ship of a naval fleet.
The modern battleship evolved directly from the galleon.
Answer: False
The evolution of the modern battleship traces its lineage through the sailing ship of the line and the ironclad warship, not directly from the galleon.
The term 'battleship' originated as a contraction of 'battle-ready ship.'
Answer: False
The term 'battleship' originated as a contraction of 'line of battle ship,' referring to the large sailing warships that formed the core of naval fleets.
A 17th-century ship of the line was typically an ironclad vessel propelled by steam.
Answer: False
A 17th-century ship of the line was a large, unarmored wooden sailing vessel equipped with smoothbore guns, predating the development of ironclads and steam propulsion.
Steam power was initially introduced as an auxiliary propulsion system for naval vessels before becoming the primary means of propulsion.
Answer: True
Steam power was gradually integrated into naval vessels as an auxiliary system in the early to mid-19th century, eventually leading to the development of fully steam-powered warships.
The development of guns capable of firing explosive shells rendered early ironclad warships obsolete.
Answer: False
The development of guns firing explosive shells rendered traditional wooden-hulled ships of the line obsolete, not early ironclad warships, which were designed to withstand such projectiles.
The British HMS Warrior was the first ocean-going ironclad warship.
Answer: False
The French ship *Gloire*, launched in 1859, is recognized as the first ocean-going ironclad warship; HMS *Warrior* was Britain's response.
The Battle of Hampton Roads in 1862 firmly settled the debate in favor of constructing larger ironclad warships.
Answer: True
The engagement between the USS *Monitor* and CSS *Virginia* at Hampton Roads demonstrated the effectiveness of ironclads, solidifying the trend towards their construction and development.
During the 1860s to 1880s, navies experimented with gun placements like turrets and barbettes, and the ram became a prominent weapon.
Answer: True
This period saw significant innovation in ironclad design, including the development of rotating turrets and barbettes for gun mounting, and the integration of the ram as a potent offensive weapon.
The French Napoléon (1850) was the first battleship to utilize steam power exclusively.
Answer: False
The French Napoléon (1850) was a pioneering steam-powered battleship, but it still retained auxiliary sailing masts; the transition to exclusive steam propulsion was gradual.
The Battle of Sinop in 1853 demonstrated the vulnerability of wooden-hulled ships of the line to shell guns.
Answer: True
The Battle of Sinop starkly illustrated the destructive power of shell guns against wooden hulls, signaling the obsolescence of traditional ships of the line.
The ram was considered a secondary weapon during the ironclad era, often overshadowed by gunnery.
Answer: False
The ram was considered a significant offensive weapon during the ironclad era, often integrated prominently into ship designs alongside advancements in gunnery.
What is the fundamental definition of a battleship?
Answer: A large, heavily armored warship with a main battery of large-caliber guns.
The definition of a battleship emphasizes its role as a large, heavily armored warship featuring a main battery of large-caliber guns, serving as the capital ship of a naval fleet.
From what historical naval vessel did the modern battleship evolve?
Answer: Sailing ship of the line
The evolution of the modern battleship traces its lineage through the sailing ship of the line and the ironclad warship, not directly from the galleon.
The term 'battleship' originated as a contraction of what phrase?
Answer: Line of battle ship
The term 'battleship' originated as a contraction of 'line of battle ship,' referring to the large sailing warships that formed the core of naval fleets.
What characterized a 17th-century ship of the line?
Answer: A battery of up to 120 smoothbore guns and designed for 'line of battle'.
A 17th-century ship of the line was a large, unarmored wooden sailing vessel equipped with smoothbore guns and designed to operate within a 'line of battle' formation.
What was the significance of steam power for naval vessels in the mid-19th century?
Answer: It allowed ships to achieve speed advantages regardless of wind.
Steam power provided naval vessels with the ability to achieve consistent speeds independent of wind conditions, a significant advantage over sail-powered ships.
The development of guns firing explosive shells rendered which type of ship vulnerable?
Answer: Wooden-hulled ships of the line
The development of guns firing explosive shells rendered traditional wooden-hulled ships of the line obsolete, as their hulls could not withstand such projectiles.
Which ship is recognized as the first ocean-going ironclad warship?
Answer: French ship *Gloire*
The French ship *Gloire*, launched in 1859, is recognized as the first ocean-going ironclad warship.
What was the primary outcome of the Battle of Hampton Roads (1862)?
Answer: It solidified the dominance of ironclad warships.
The engagement between the USS *Monitor* and CSS *Virginia* at Hampton Roads demonstrated the effectiveness of ironclads, solidifying the trend towards their construction and development.
Which of the following was a key innovation in ironclad design during the 1860s-1880s?
Answer: The development of the ram as a prominent weapon.
During the 1860s-1880s, ironclad designs incorporated innovations such as rotating turrets, barbettes, and the ram as a significant offensive weapon.
Pre-dreadnought battleships were typically characterized by a uniform armament consisting solely of large-caliber guns.
Answer: False
Pre-dreadnought battleships were typically characterized by a mixed armament, featuring a main battery of large-caliber guns complemented by a secondary battery of medium-caliber guns.
The pre-dreadnought era (late 1880s-1906) saw battleships with improved armor, higher freeboards for better seakeeping, and increased speed.
Answer: True
The pre-dreadnought era was characterized by significant advancements in battleship design, including enhanced armor protection, higher freeboards for improved seaworthiness, and greater speeds.
Armor technology during the pre-dreadnought era progressed from Krupp armor to Harvey armor.
Answer: False
Armor technology during the pre-dreadnought era progressed from compound armor to Harvey armor, and subsequently to the superior Krupp armor.
The Battle of Santiago de Cuba (1898) reinforced the idea that only the largest-caliber guns were effective in battleship armament.
Answer: False
The Battle of Santiago de Cuba suggested that the medium-caliber guns of pre-dreadnoughts were highly effective, challenging the notion that only the largest guns were decisive.
The Russo-Japanese War battles, particularly Tsushima, demonstrated that engagements were occurring at ranges where only medium-caliber guns were effective.
Answer: False
The Russo-Japanese War battles, especially Tsushima, indicated that engagements were taking place at longer ranges, favoring the effectiveness of large-caliber guns over medium ones.
Smokeless powder enabled smaller-caliber guns to achieve higher muzzle velocities, leading to a trend towards larger secondary batteries in later pre-dreadnoughts.
Answer: True
The advent of smokeless powder significantly improved the performance of firearms, allowing smaller guns to achieve higher velocities and greater effectiveness, thus encouraging the development of more substantial secondary batteries in pre-dreadnoughts.
The Battle of Manila Bay reinforced the idea that only the largest-caliber guns were effective in battleship armament.
Answer: False
While the Battle of Manila Bay demonstrated the effectiveness of naval gunfire, the lessons regarding armament were complex, and later engagements, like Tsushima, would further refine the understanding of optimal gun caliber effectiveness at range.
What armament typically characterized 'pre-dreadnought' battleships?
Answer: Four large guns and a secondary battery of medium-caliber guns.
Pre-dreadnought battleships were typically characterized by a mixed armament, featuring a main battery of large-caliber guns complemented by a secondary battery of medium-caliber guns.
Which of the following characterized the pre-dreadnought era?
Answer: Ships with improved armor, higher freeboards, and increased speed.
The pre-dreadnought era was characterized by significant advancements in battleship design, including enhanced armor protection, higher freeboards for improved seaworthiness, and greater speeds.
During the pre-dreadnought era, armor technology progressed from compound armor to:
Answer: Harvey armor and then Krupp armor.
Armor technology during the pre-dreadnought era progressed from compound armor to Harvey armor, and subsequently to the superior Krupp armor.
What lesson did the Battle of Santiago de Cuba (1898) suggest about battleship armament?
Answer: Medium-caliber guns were highly advantageous.
The Battle of Santiago de Cuba suggested that the medium-caliber guns of pre-dreadnoughts were highly effective, challenging the notion that only the largest guns were decisive.
What tactical lesson regarding battleship armament was learned from the Russo-Japanese War?
Answer: Engagements occurred at ranges where only the largest-caliber guns were effective.
The Russo-Japanese War battles, especially Tsushima, indicated that engagements were taking place at longer ranges, favoring the effectiveness of large-caliber guns over medium ones.
HMS Dreadnought, launched in 1906, was revolutionary because it adopted a mixed armament of large and medium-caliber guns.
Answer: False
HMS Dreadnought's revolutionary design featured a uniform armament of ten large guns, a significant departure from the mixed armament of earlier pre-dreadnoughts.
The Battle of Jutland in 1916 was a decisive victory for the British fleet during World War I.
Answer: False
The Battle of Jutland, the primary fleet engagement of World War I, resulted in significant losses for both the British and German fleets, with neither side achieving a decisive victory.
The 'all-big-gun' concept meant battleships were armed with a mix of large and medium guns.
Answer: False
The 'all-big-gun' concept, exemplified by HMS Dreadnought, involved arming battleships exclusively with a uniform battery of large-caliber guns, discarding the mixed armament of previous designs.
The launch of HMS Dreadnought triggered a significant naval arms race, primarily between Britain and Germany.
Answer: True
The introduction of HMS Dreadnought in 1906 spurred a rapid escalation in battleship construction, most notably between Great Britain and Germany, in the years leading up to World War I.
'Super-dreadnoughts' were characterized by carrying smaller main guns than the initial dreadnoughts.
Answer: False
Super-dreadnoughts were an evolution of the dreadnought design, typically featuring more powerful main guns and often improved armor and speed, rather than smaller ones.
During World War I, older pre-dreadnought battleships showed greater resilience to submarines and mines than modern dreadnoughts.
Answer: False
During World War I, older pre-dreadnought battleships proved more vulnerable to submarines and mines than modern dreadnoughts, which generally exhibited greater resilience.
The Battle of Jutland was the largest naval engagement of WWI, resulting in the near annihilation of the German High Seas Fleet.
Answer: False
While the Battle of Jutland was the largest naval engagement of WWI, neither the British nor the German fleets achieved a decisive victory, and the German fleet did not suffer near annihilation.
Super-dreadnoughts generally featured less powerful main guns than earlier dreadnoughts.
Answer: False
Super-dreadnoughts were characterized by featuring more powerful main guns, such as larger caliber rifles, compared to the initial dreadnought designs.
Oil-firing for propulsion was adopted around the same time as the 'all-big-gun' concept was introduced.
Answer: False
While the 'all-big-gun' concept emerged with HMS Dreadnought in 1906, the widespread adoption of oil-firing for propulsion in battleships occurred slightly later, around 1912-1914.
The Japanese battleship Yamato was sunk during the Battle of Jutland.
Answer: False
The Japanese battleship Yamato was sunk during operations in World War II, specifically during the Battle of Okinawa, not during the Battle of Jutland in World War I.
What was the primary innovation of HMS Dreadnought, launched in 1906?
Answer: It adopted a uniform armament of ten large guns.
HMS Dreadnought's revolutionary design featured a uniform armament of ten large guns, a significant departure from the mixed armament of earlier pre-dreadnoughts, which initiated a new era of battleship design and an arms race.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Jutland in 1916?
Answer: Neither the British nor German fleets achieved a decisive victory.
The Battle of Jutland, the primary fleet engagement of World War I, resulted in significant losses for both the British and German fleets, with neither side achieving a decisive victory.
The 'all-big-gun' concept, exemplified by HMS Dreadnought, meant:
Answer: Ships were armed exclusively with a uniform battery of large-caliber guns.
The 'all-big-gun' concept, exemplified by HMS Dreadnought, involved arming battleships exclusively with a uniform battery of large-caliber guns, discarding the mixed armament of previous designs.
The launch of HMS Dreadnought triggered a naval arms race primarily between which two nations?
Answer: Britain and Germany
The introduction of HMS Dreadnought in 1906 spurred a rapid escalation in battleship construction, most notably between Great Britain and Germany, in the years leading up to World War I.
What distinguished 'super-dreadnoughts' from earlier dreadnoughts?
Answer: They featured more powerful main guns and often improved armor/speed.
Super-dreadnoughts were an evolution of the dreadnought design, typically featuring more powerful main guns and often improved armor and speed, rather than smaller ones.
How did submarines and mines impact battleships in WWI?
Answer: Older pre-dreadnoughts were highly vulnerable, while dreadnoughts showed greater resilience.
During World War I, older pre-dreadnought battleships proved more vulnerable to submarines and mines than modern dreadnoughts, which generally exhibited greater resilience.
The Battle of Jutland (1916) was the largest naval engagement of WWI, but what was its strategic outcome?
Answer: Neither side achieved a decisive victory, and the German fleet largely remained inactive.
The Battle of Jutland, the primary fleet engagement of World War I, resulted in significant losses for both the British and German fleets, with neither side achieving a decisive victory, and the German fleet largely remained in port for the remainder of the war.
International treaties following World War I were established to encourage a renewed naval arms race.
Answer: False
International treaties, such as the Washington Naval Treaty, were established after World War I specifically to curb a renewed naval arms race by imposing limitations on battleship construction.
The Jeune École doctrine advocated for the construction of more numerous, smaller, and cheaper vessels like torpedo boats to counter large warships.
Answer: True
The Jeune École doctrine proposed a strategy focused on smaller, faster, and less expensive vessels, such as torpedo boats and cruisers, to challenge the dominance of expensive capital ships.
Around 1912-1914, battleships began adopting coal-firing for propulsion and the 'all-or-nothing' armor scheme.
Answer: False
Around 1912-1914, battleships began adopting oil-firing for propulsion, and the 'all-or-nothing' armor scheme was introduced, primarily by the United States.
The Washington Naval Treaty (1922) imposed significant limitations on battleship construction, including building holidays and displacement ratios.
Answer: True
The Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 established limitations on the tonnage and armament of capital ships, including a ten-year building holiday and displacement ratios for major naval powers.
'Treaty battleships' refers to capital ships designed without regard for international naval treaty constraints.
Answer: False
'Treaty battleships' are capital ships designed and constructed under the specific limitations and regulations imposed by international naval treaties.
The 'fast battleship' concept, emerging in the 1930s, focused on increasing speed while maintaining heavy armament and armor.
Answer: True
The fast battleship concept aimed to enhance speed to match that of aircraft carriers and other modern warships, while retaining formidable armament and armor protection.
The Imperial Japanese Navy's Kantai Kessen doctrine envisioned wearing down the enemy fleet through numerous small engagements.
Answer: False
The Kantai Kessen doctrine, or 'decisive battle' strategy, envisioned destroying the enemy's main fleet in a single, climactic engagement, rather than wearing it down through numerous smaller actions.
The 'fleet in being' doctrine posits that a fleet's active offensive actions are key to deterring an enemy.
Answer: False
The 'fleet in being' doctrine emphasizes the deterrent effect of a fleet's mere presence, rather than its active offensive actions, to dissuade an adversary.
Alfred Thayer Mahan argued that cruiser warfare alone was sufficient for achieving decisive naval results.
Answer: False
Alfred Thayer Mahan argued that control of the seas, achieved through a powerful battle fleet centered on battleships, was essential for national success, asserting that cruiser warfare alone was insufficient.
The London Naval Treaties were primarily intended to facilitate unlimited battleship construction.
Answer: False
The London Naval Treaties, like the Washington Naval Treaty, were intended to limit and regulate battleship construction, not to facilitate unlimited building.
The 'fleet in being' doctrine relies on active offensive fleet actions to achieve dominance.
Answer: False
The 'fleet in being' doctrine emphasizes the strategic deterrent effect of a fleet's presence, rather than relying on active offensive actions to achieve dominance.
Alfred Thayer Mahan's influential work focused on the importance of submarine warfare for naval supremacy.
Answer: False
Alfred Thayer Mahan's seminal work emphasized the critical role of sea power, particularly battleships, in achieving national dominance, not submarine warfare.
How did international treaties influence battleship construction after WWI?
Answer: They imposed limits on construction and influenced design concepts.
International treaties, such as the Washington Naval Treaty, were established after World War I to curb a renewed naval arms race by imposing limitations on battleship construction and influencing design parameters.
What did the Jeune École doctrine advocate for?
Answer: Using torpedo boats and fast cruisers for a 'sea denial' strategy.
The Jeune École doctrine proposed a strategy focused on smaller, faster, and less expensive vessels, such as torpedo boats and cruisers, to challenge the dominance of expensive capital ships.
'Treaty battleships' were capital ships designed:
Answer: Under the constraints imposed by international naval treaties.
'Treaty battleships' are capital ships designed and constructed under the specific limitations and regulations imposed by international naval treaties.
The 'fast battleship' concept of the 1930s focused on:
Answer: Increasing speed while maintaining heavy armament and armor.
The fast battleship concept aimed to enhance speed to match that of aircraft carriers and other modern warships, while retaining formidable armament and armor protection.
The 'fleet in being' doctrine is based on:
Answer: The strategic deterrent effect of a fleet's mere presence.
The 'fleet in being' doctrine emphasizes the strategic deterrent effect of a fleet's presence, rather than its active offensive actions, to dissuade an adversary.
Alfred Thayer Mahan argued that a strong navy centered on battleships was vital for:
Answer: Achieving national success through control of the seas.
Alfred Thayer Mahan argued that control of the seas, achieved through a powerful battle fleet centered on battleships, was essential for national success.
What type of limitation was imposed by naval treaties like the Washington Naval Treaty?
Answer: Ratios for total displacement and limits on size/armament.
The Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 established limitations on the tonnage and armament of capital ships, including displacement ratios for major naval powers.
Despite the rise of aircraft carriers, battleships played a minor role in World War II.
Answer: False
Although aircraft carriers became dominant, battleships continued to play significant roles in World War II, participating in numerous major engagements and providing crucial gunfire support.
After World War II, the majority of battleships were immediately reactivated for active service during the Cold War.
Answer: False
Following World War II, most battleships were decommissioned, placed in reserve fleets, scrapped, or used as targets, with only a few seeing limited reactivation during the Cold War.
Admiral Billy Mitchell's 1921 bombing tests aimed to demonstrate the continued relevance of battleships in the face of air power.
Answer: False
Admiral Billy Mitchell's 1921 bombing tests aimed to demonstrate the obsolescence of battleships due to the potential of air power, arguing that aircraft could effectively sink capital ships.
The sinking of HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse in 1941 demonstrated the invulnerability of battleships to air attack.
Answer: False
The sinking of HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse by Japanese aircraft highlighted the vulnerability of battleships to air power, marking a significant shift in naval warfare.
During the Battle of Leyte Gulf (1944), US battleships played a crucial role in the Battle of Surigao Strait.
Answer: True
In the Battle of Leyte Gulf, US battleships were instrumental in the Battle of Surigao Strait, where they successfully engaged and defeated Japanese naval forces.
The final major action involving battleships in World War II was the Battle of the Denmark Strait.
Answer: False
The final major actions involving battleships in World War II occurred during the Battle of Okinawa, where Japanese battleships like Yamato were sunk.
The four Iowa-class battleships were the only ones to see significant combat after World War II, including service in the Korean War and the 1980s.
Answer: True
The Iowa-class battleships were notably reactivated for service in the Korean War and later modernized and recommissioned for operations in the 1980s.
The end of the battleship era was primarily influenced by the development of improved sailing tactics.
Answer: False
The end of the battleship era was primarily influenced by the rise of aircraft carriers, the advent of nuclear weapons, and the prohibitive costs associated with maintaining these vessels.
The German battleship Bismarck was sunk by enemy aircraft during its first major sortie.
Answer: False
The German battleship Bismarck was sunk by a combination of torpedo bomber attacks and engagement with British capital ships after its first major sortie, not solely by aircraft during that sortie.
When reactivated in the 1980s, the Iowa-class battleships were modernized with advanced missile systems and radar.
Answer: True
The reactivation of the Iowa-class battleships in the 1980s included significant modernization, incorporating advanced missile systems and radar technology.
The German battleship Bismarck was sunk after its first major sortie without significant engagement.
Answer: False
The German battleship Bismarck was sunk following a significant engagement during its first major sortie, after crippling HMS Hood and being subsequently hunted and destroyed by British naval forces.
Despite the rise of aircraft carriers, what role did battleships play in WWII?
Answer: They saw significant action in notable engagements.
Although aircraft carriers became dominant, battleships continued to play significant roles in World War II, participating in numerous major engagements and providing crucial gunfire support.
What happened to most battleships after World War II?
Answer: They were placed in reserve, scrapped, or used as targets.
Following World War II, most battleships were decommissioned, placed in reserve fleets, scrapped, or used as targets, with only a few seeing limited reactivation during the Cold War.
What did Admiral Billy Mitchell's 1921 bombing tests aim to demonstrate?
Answer: The obsolescence of battleships due to air power.
Admiral Billy Mitchell's 1921 bombing tests aimed to demonstrate the obsolescence of battleships due to the potential of air power, arguing that aircraft could effectively sink capital ships.
The sinking of HMS Prince of Wales and Repulse in 1941 highlighted:
Answer: The growing dominance of naval aviation over battleships.
The sinking of HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse by Japanese aircraft highlighted the vulnerability of battleships to air power, marking a significant shift in naval warfare.
In the Battle of Leyte Gulf (1944), US battleships played a crucial role in which engagement?
Answer: The Battle of Surigao Strait, defeating Japanese forces.
In the Battle of Leyte Gulf, US battleships were instrumental in the Battle of Surigao Strait, where they successfully engaged and defeated Japanese naval forces.
What was the final major action involving battleships in World War II?
Answer: The Battle of Okinawa
The final major actions involving battleships in World War II occurred during the Battle of Okinawa, where Japanese battleships like Yamato were sunk.
When reactivated in the 1980s, the Iowa-class battleships' primary function shifted towards:
Answer: Providing heavy gunfire support and acting as surface combatants.
The reactivation of the Iowa-class battleships in the 1980s saw their primary function shift towards providing heavy gunfire support and serving as powerful surface combatants.
Factors contributing to the end of the battleship era included:
Answer: The rise of aircraft carriers, nuclear weapons, and high costs.
The end of the battleship era was influenced by the rise of aircraft carriers as the primary naval striking force, the advent of nuclear weapons, and the prohibitive costs associated with maintaining these vessels.
The German battleship Bismarck was ultimately sunk after:
Answer: Suffering catastrophic damage from torpedo bombers and subsequent battleship engagement.
The German battleship Bismarck was sunk by a combination of torpedo bomber attacks and engagement with British capital ships after its first major sortie.
When reactivated in the 1980s, the Iowa-class battleships were modernized with:
Answer: Advanced missile systems and radar.
The reactivation of the Iowa-class battleships in the 1980s included significant modernization, incorporating advanced missile systems and radar technology.
The naval tactic 'Crossing the T' involved maneuvering ships into a parallel formation to concentrate fire.
Answer: False
The tactic 'Crossing the T' involved positioning a fleet perpendicular to the enemy's line of battle to concentrate its broadside fire, not maneuvering into a parallel formation.
The development of torpedoes and submarines made it easier for capital ships to maintain close blockades of enemy ports.
Answer: False
The increasing threat from torpedoes and submarines made maintaining close blockades difficult for capital ships, necessitating the use of faster scout ships and destroyers.
The 'all-or-nothing' armor system aimed to distribute armor evenly across the entire ship for consistent protection.
Answer: False
The 'all-or-nothing' armor system concentrated the thickest protection on vital areas like propulsion machinery and magazines, rather than distributing it evenly across the entire ship.
The tactic of 'crossing the T' involved positioning a fleet perpendicular to the enemy's line to concentrate fire.
Answer: True
'Crossing the T' was a naval tactic where one fleet maneuvered to present its broadside to the enemy's leading ships, allowing concentrated fire while limiting the enemy's ability to return fire.
The development of torpedoes and submarines made maintaining naval blockades easier for capital ships.
Answer: False
The advent of torpedoes and submarines significantly complicated the maintenance of close naval blockades, posing a substantial threat to capital ships.
The 'all-or-nothing' armor system aimed to distribute armor evenly across the ship for consistent protection.
Answer: False
The 'all-or-nothing' armor system concentrated the thickest protection on vital areas like propulsion machinery and magazines, rather than distributing it evenly across the entire ship.
What significant technological innovation began to be adopted in battleship design around 1912-1914?
Answer: The 'all-or-nothing' armor scheme.
Around 1912-1914, battleships began adopting oil-firing for propulsion, and the 'all-or-nothing' armor scheme was introduced, primarily by the United States.
The naval tactic 'Crossing the T' involved:
Answer: Positioning a fleet perpendicular to the enemy's line to concentrate fire.
'Crossing the T' was a naval tactic where one fleet maneuvered to present its broadside to the enemy's leading ships, allowing concentrated fire while limiting the enemy's ability to return fire.
The threat from torpedoes and submarines in the late 19th century:
Answer: Made it difficult for capital ships to maintain close blockades.
The advent of torpedoes and submarines significantly complicated the maintenance of close naval blockades, posing a substantial threat to capital ships.
The 'all-or-nothing' armor system concentrated the thickest protection on:
Answer: Vital components like propulsion machinery and magazines.
The 'all-or-nothing' armor system concentrated the thickest protection on vital areas like propulsion machinery and magazines, rather than distributing it evenly across the entire ship.
Battleships had little psychological impact and did not symbolize national power.
Answer: False
Battleships served as potent symbols of national power and prestige, akin to nuclear weapons in later eras, influencing international relations and deterring potential adversaries.
The cost-effectiveness of battleships was never debated due to their clear strategic value.
Answer: False
The immense cost of battleships frequently led to debates regarding their cost-effectiveness and whether the strategic benefits justified the expenditure.
Only the United States and the United Kingdom operated battleships.
Answer: False
Numerous nations, including Germany, Japan, France, Italy, and others, operated battleships throughout history, in addition to the United States and the United Kingdom.
The USS Arizona Memorial was erected over the wreck of the battleship USS Arizona, sunk during the attack on Pearl Harbor.
Answer: True
The USS Arizona Memorial commemorates the loss of life during the attack on Pearl Harbor, situated above the submerged wreck of the USS Arizona.
The USS Massachusetts, preserved at Battleship Cove, is distinguished by having never lost a man during its service.
Answer: True
The USS Massachusetts, now a museum ship at Battleship Cove, holds the distinction of never having lost a crew member during its operational service.
The USS Massachusetts, preserved at Battleship Cove, is known for having lost many crew members during its service.
Answer: False
The USS Massachusetts, preserved at Battleship Cove, is distinguished by the fact that it never lost a crew member during its service.
The cost-effectiveness of battleships was frequently debated because:
Answer: Their immense cost raised questions about proportionate strategic benefits.
The immense cost of battleships frequently led to debates regarding their cost-effectiveness and whether the strategic benefits justified the expenditure.
Which of the following countries is NOT listed as having formerly operated battleships?
Answer: Canada
Numerous nations operated battleships throughout history, including Germany, Japan, and Brazil. Canada, however, did not operate battleships.
The USS Arizona Memorial commemorates those who lost their lives during which event?
Answer: The attack on Pearl Harbor
The USS Arizona Memorial commemorates the loss of life during the attack on Pearl Harbor, situated above the submerged wreck of the USS Arizona.
The USS Massachusetts, preserved at Battleship Cove, holds the distinction of:
Answer: Never having lost a man during its service.
The USS Massachusetts, now a museum ship at Battleship Cove, holds the distinction of never having lost a crew member during its operational service.