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Bhopal State was established as an Islamic principality in India and existed continuously from 1707 until its merger in 1949.
Answer: True
Bhopal State was indeed founded as an Islamic principality in 1707 and maintained its existence until its integration into the Union of India in 1949.
The founder of Bhopal State in 1707 was Dost Mohammad Khan, who was originally a high-ranking official within the Maratha Empire.
Answer: False
Dost Mohammad Khan, the founder of Bhopal State in 1707, was an Afghan soldier who served in the Mughal army and later became a mercenary, not a high-ranking official within the Maratha Empire.
From 1737 to 1818, Bhopal State was a sovereign entity independent of both the Maratha Empire and British India.
Answer: False
From 1737 onwards, Bhopal State paid tribute to the Maratha Empire, indicating it was not fully sovereign. Its relationship with British India began with a subsidiary alliance in 1818.
Bhopal State was governed as a democratic republic from its inception.
Answer: False
Bhopal State was established and governed as an Islamic principality, not a democratic republic.
Dost Mohammad Khan, the founder of Bhopal State, was an Afghan mercenary who established his rule after the decline of the Mughal Empire.
Answer: True
Dost Mohammad Khan, an Afghan soldier, founded Bhopal State in 1707 during the period of the Mughal Empire's decline, establishing his rule through mercenary activities.
The Battle of Bhopal in 1737 marked a victory for the Nawab of Bhopal, solidifying its independence from the Maratha Empire.
Answer: False
The Battle of Bhopal in 1737 resulted in a Maratha victory, leading to Bhopal State paying tribute to the Maratha Empire, thus diminishing its independence.
The Battle of Bhopal in 1737 resulted in the Marathas gaining control over Bhopal State and initiating tribute payments.
Answer: True
The Maratha victory in the Battle of Bhopal in 1737 led to Bhopal State falling under Maratha suzerainty and commencing tribute payments.
The Battle of Bhopal in 1737 led to Bhopal State falling under the suzerainty of the Mughal Empire.
Answer: False
The Battle of Bhopal in 1737 resulted in Maratha victory, placing Bhopal State under Maratha suzerainty, not that of the declining Mughal Empire.
Dost Mohammad Khan's alliance with Nizam-ul-Mulk helped him establish Bhopal State.
Answer: False
Dost Mohammad Khan's initial rise was more associated with his mercenary activities and alliances within the post-Mughal power vacuum, not specifically with Nizam-ul-Mulk's direct assistance in establishing Bhopal.
Who founded Bhopal State, and what was his origin?
Answer: Dost Mohammad Khan, an Afghan soldier
Dost Mohammad Khan, an Afghan soldier who served in the Mughal army, founded Bhopal State in 1707.
Which empire exerted suzerainty over Bhopal State from 1737 until 1818?
Answer: The Maratha Empire
Following the Battle of Bhopal in 1737, Bhopal State paid tribute to and acknowledged the suzerainty of the Maratha Empire until 1818.
What significant battle occurred in 1737 involving Bhopal State?
Answer: The Battle of Bhopal
The Battle of Bhopal, fought in 1737, was a significant event that led to the Maratha Empire exerting suzerainty over Bhopal State.
What conflict arose for Dost Mohammad Khan due to his alliance with the Sayyid Brothers?
Answer: Conflict with Nizam-ul-Mulk
Dost Mohammad Khan's alliance with the powerful Sayyid Brothers led to conflict with Nizam-ul-Mulk, a prominent Mughal nobleman.
Following the Third Anglo-Maratha War, Bhopal State entered into a subsidiary alliance with British India in 1818, maintaining this status until India's independence.
Answer: True
The subsidiary alliance was established in 1818 after the Third Anglo-Maratha War, formalizing Bhopal's status as a princely state under British paramountcy until India's independence in 1947.
During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Bhopal State declared its independence from both the British and the Marathas.
Answer: False
Bhopal State remained allied with the British East India Company during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, adhering to the treaty of 1818, and did not declare independence.
What was the status of Bhopal State under its alliance with British India starting in 1818?
Answer: A princely state under a subsidiary alliance
In 1818, Bhopal entered into a subsidiary alliance with British India, becoming a princely state under British paramountcy.
Bhopal State was distinguished by having a continuous succession of four female rulers, known as Begums, who collectively reigned for over a century.
Answer: True
Bhopal State was unique in its history due to the continuous succession of four female rulers, the Begums, whose reigns collectively spanned more than a century.
During the rule of the Begums, Bhopal State received criticism from British authorities for its progressive social reforms.
Answer: False
While British authorities sometimes disapproved of certain Islamic revival activities, the general trend was that the Begums' rule was characterized by progressive reforms and communal harmony, which were generally viewed positively or neutrally by the British, not criticized for social reforms.
Qudsia Begum, the first female ruler, ascended the throne in 1819 following her husband's death and commissioned the construction of the Taj Mahal in Bhopal.
Answer: False
Qudsia Begum ascended the throne in 1819 and commissioned the Jama Masjid and Gohar Mahal. The Taj Mahal in Bhopal was commissioned by Shah Jahan Begum.
Sikandar Begum, Qudsia Begum's successor, actively supported the British during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Answer: True
Sikandar Begum demonstrated loyalty to the British during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, actively suppressing revolts within her territory.
Sikandar Begum's public welfare initiatives included the construction of roads and the Moti Masjid (Pearl Mosque).
Answer: True
Sikandar Begum undertook public welfare projects, including road construction and the commissioning of the Moti Masjid and Moti Mahal.
Shah Jahan Begum, who ruled from 1868 to 1901, was known for her interest in architecture and commissioned a palace named the Taj Mahal in Bhopal.
Answer: True
Shah Jahan Begum, ruling from 1868 to 1901, had a passion for architecture and commissioned the construction of a palace complex known as the Taj Mahal in Bhopal.
The economy of Bhopal State experienced a decline during Shah Jahan Begum's rule due to her focus on architectural projects.
Answer: False
Contrary to a decline, the economy reportedly flourished during Shah Jahan Begum's rule, attributed to advancements in craftsmanship and gold works.
Kaikhusrau Jahan Begum, ruling from 1901 to 1926, focused on advancing women's rights and establishing modern administrative structures.
Answer: True
Kaikhusrau Jahan Begum's reign (1901-1926) was marked by her commitment to advancing women's emancipation and establishing modern administrative systems, including a municipality.
Modern infrastructure like railways and a postal system were developed in Bhopal State during the rule of the later Nawabs, not the Begums.
Answer: False
Development of modern infrastructure, including railways and a postal system, occurred during the rule of the Begums, not the later Nawabs.
Which of the following is true about the female rulers (Begums) of Bhopal State?
Answer: Four Begums ruled consecutively for over a century.
Bhopal State was unique for its succession of four female rulers, the Begums, whose combined reigns spanned over a century.
How did Sikandar Begum respond during the Indian Rebellion of 1857?
Answer: She sided with the British and suppressed revolts.
During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Sikandar Begum actively supported the British authorities and worked to quell any internal uprisings against them.
Which ruler commissioned the construction of a palace named the Taj Mahal in Bhopal?
Answer: Shah Jahan Begum
Shah Jahan Begum, who ruled from 1868 to 1901, was known for her architectural patronage and commissioned the construction of a palace complex named the Taj Mahal in Bhopal.
What positive economic outcome is associated with Shah Jahan Begum's rule?
Answer: Flourishing economy due to craftsmanship and gold works.
During Shah Jahan Begum's reign, Bhopal's economy reportedly prospered, with notable contributions from its superior craftsmanship and gold works.
Kaikhusrau Jahan Begum is noted for which of the following achievements?
Answer: Establishing a modern municipality and advancing women's emancipation
Kaikhusrau Jahan Begum's rule was characterized by significant advancements in women's rights and the establishment of modern administrative structures, including a municipality.
Which of the following structures was commissioned by Qudsia Begum?
Answer: The Jama Masjid
Qudsia Begum commissioned the Jama Masjid (mosque) and her palace, Gohar Mahal, during her reign.
What was a key contribution of the Begums' rule to Bhopal's infrastructure?
Answer: Development of waterworks, railways, postal system, and municipality
The rule of the Begums saw significant infrastructural development, including the establishment of waterworks, railways, a postal system, and a municipality.
Who was the first president of the All India Conference on Education and the first chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University?
Answer: Kaikhusrau Jahan Begum
Kaikhusrau Jahan Begum held the distinction of being the first president of the All India Conference on Education and the first chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University.
Hamidullah Khan was the last ruling Nawab of Bhopal, ascending the throne in 1926 and ruling until the state's merger with India in 1949.
Answer: True
Hamidullah Khan reigned as the last Nawab of Bhopal from 1926 until the state's merger into the Union of India in 1949.
Nawab Hamidullah Khan strongly supported the Partition of India and advocated for Bhopal to be included in Pakistan.
Answer: False
Nawab Hamidullah Khan opposed the Partition of India and sought to maintain Bhopal's autonomy, fearing marginalization for Muslims outside Pakistan. He did not advocate for Bhopal's inclusion in Pakistan.
The merger of Bhopal State into the Union of India was finalized on June 1, 1949, following negotiations and agitations.
Answer: True
The process of merging Bhopal State into the Union of India concluded on June 1, 1949, after a period of negotiations and public agitations.
After its merger, Bhopal State was designated as a 'Part A' state within the Indian Union.
Answer: False
Following its merger, Bhopal State was classified as a 'Part C' state within the Indian Union, administered by a chief commissioner.
Abida Sultan, the eldest daughter of Nawab Hamidullah Khan, succeeded her father as the last ruling Nawab of Bhopal.
Answer: False
Nawab Hamidullah Khan was the last ruling Nawab. His eldest daughter, Abida Sultan, opted for Pakistan and relinquished her claim to the throne; her sister Sajida Sultan succeeded her.
Princely titles and privy purses were abolished in India in 1947, immediately after independence.
Answer: False
The abolition of princely titles and privy purses occurred in 1971, not immediately after India's independence in 1947.
The 'Vilinikaran Andolan' was a movement supporting the Nawab's desire to maintain Bhopal's autonomy after Indian independence.
Answer: False
The 'Vilinikaran Andolan' was an agitation advocating for the merger of Bhopal State into the Union of India, opposing the Nawab's stance on autonomy.
Shankar Dayal Sharma, later President of India, was arrested during the agitations leading to Bhopal's merger.
Answer: True
Shankar Dayal Sharma, who later became President of India, was among the prominent leaders arrested during the agitations that preceded Bhopal State's merger with India.
Bhopal State existed as an unrecognized state between its independence in 1947 and its merger in 1949.
Answer: True
Following India's independence in 1947, Bhopal State initially maintained its autonomy and was considered an unrecognized state until its formal merger into the Union of India on June 1, 1949.
Who was the final ruler of Bhopal State before its merger with India?
Answer: Hamidullah Khan
Hamidullah Khan was the last ruling Nawab of Bhopal, presiding over the state until its merger with the Union of India.
What was Nawab Hamidullah Khan's stance on the Partition of India?
Answer: He advocated for Bhopal's autonomy within India.
Nawab Hamidullah Khan opposed the Partition and sought to maintain Bhopal's autonomy, fearing the marginalization of Muslims in a divided subcontinent.
The 'Vilinikaran Andolan' was a movement that:
Answer: Opposed the Nawab's rule and demanded merger with India
The 'Vilinikaran Andolan' was a significant popular movement advocating for the merger of Bhopal State into the Union of India, often in opposition to the ruling Nawab's stance.
Which future President of India was arrested during the agitations leading to Bhopal's merger?
Answer: Shankar Dayal Sharma
Shankar Dayal Sharma, who later served as President of India, was arrested during the political agitations that culminated in Bhopal State's merger with India.
What was the administrative status of Bhopal State after its merger with India on June 1, 1949?
Answer: A 'Part C' state
Upon its merger into the Union of India, Bhopal State was designated as a 'Part C' state, administered by a chief commissioner.
Who opted for Pakistan in 1950, relinquishing her claim to the Bhopal throne?
Answer: Abida Sultan
Abida Sultan, the eldest daughter of Nawab Hamidullah Khan, chose to migrate to Pakistan in 1950, thereby relinquishing her claim to succeed her father as ruler.
When were princely titles and privy purses officially abolished in India?
Answer: 1971
The official abolition of princely titles and privy purses by the Indian government took place in 1971.
Bhopal city served as the sole capital of Bhopal State throughout its entire history from 1707 to 1949.
Answer: False
While Bhopal city was a primary capital, Islamnagar also served as a capital during different periods of the state's history.
Persian was the official language of Bhopal State, while Hindustani was the language commonly spoken by the populace.
Answer: True
Persian served as the official administrative language, while Hindustani (a precursor to modern Hindi and Urdu) was widely spoken among the general population.
Although Islam was the official religion, Hinduism was the minority religion in Bhopal State.
Answer: False
While Islam was the official religion, Hinduism constituted the majority religion within Bhopal State.
The population of Bhopal State in 1901 exceeded one million people.
Answer: False
The population of Bhopal State in 1901 was recorded as 665,961, which is below one million.
The rule of the Begums fostered a unique mixed culture in Bhopal, characterized by communal harmony and a cosmopolitan outlook.
Answer: True
The governance of the Begums contributed to the development of a distinctive mixed culture in Bhopal, emphasizing communal peace and a cosmopolitan perspective.
The motto of Bhopal State, 'Nasr min Allah', translates to 'Victory from Allah'.
Answer: True
The official motto of Bhopal State, 'Nasr min Allah', is indeed an Arabic phrase that translates to 'Victory from Allah'.
The Silver Rupee of Bhopal State shown in the source features a trident symbol and was struck in the name of Mughal emperor Akbar II.
Answer: True
One depicted Silver Rupee from Bhopal State, minted in Daulatgarh, features a trident symbol and was struck in the name of Mughal Emperor Akbar II.
The 'Wahhabi' movement found a significant base in Bhopal State, with Siddiq Hasan Khan becoming a key figure after marrying Shah Jahan Begum.
Answer: True
Bhopal State became a center for the Indian 'Wahhabi' movement, and Siddiq Hasan Khan, a prominent figure, gained considerable influence after marrying Shah Jahan Begum.
Siddiq Hasan Khan made the doctrines of the Ahl-i Hadith the state religion during his influence over Bhopal State.
Answer: True
During the period of his influence, Siddiq Hasan Khan promoted the doctrines of the Ahl-i Hadith movement, effectively making them the state religion in Bhopal.
What was the primary form of government in Bhopal State?
Answer: An Islamic principality
Bhopal State was established and governed as an Islamic principality throughout its existence.
Which of the following was NOT a capital of Bhopal State during its history?
Answer: Gwalior
Bhopal city and Islamnagar served as capitals of Bhopal State. Nazar Bagh (part of Gohar Mahal) was also associated with the ruling seat. Gwalior was not a capital of Bhopal State.
What languages were officially and commonly used in Bhopal State, respectively?
Answer: Official: Persian, Common: Hindustani
Persian was the official language of administration, while Hindustani was the language commonly spoken by the populace in Bhopal State.
What was the religious demographic makeup of Bhopal State?
Answer: Hinduism was the majority religion, despite Islam being the official religion.
While Islam was the official religion of Bhopal State, the majority of its population practiced Hinduism.
What characterized the culture that developed in Bhopal under the rule of the Begums?
Answer: A unique mixed culture with communal peace and a cosmopolitan outlook
The era of the Begums fostered a unique cultural synthesis in Bhopal, marked by communal harmony and a cosmopolitan outlook.
What does the motto 'Nasr min Allah' of Bhopal State translate to?
Answer: Victory from Allah
The motto of Bhopal State, 'Nasr min Allah', is an Arabic phrase meaning 'Victory from Allah'.
The 'Ahl-i Hadith' movement, which became prominent in Bhopal State, is best described as:
Answer: An Islamic reform movement
The Ahl-i Hadith was an Islamic reform movement that gained prominence in Bhopal State, particularly under the influence of figures like Siddiq Hasan Khan.
The image of a Silver Rupee from Bhopal State is shown struck in the name of which Mughal emperor?
Answer: Akbar II
One of the depicted Silver Rupees from Bhopal State was struck in the name of Mughal Emperor Akbar II.
What was the stated reason for British disapproval of some activities during the Begums' rule?
Answer: Islamic revival activities
Some Islamic revival activities undertaken during the Begums' rule reportedly drew disapproval from British authorities.
In 1901, Bhopal State encompassed an area of approximately 17,876 square kilometers.
Answer: True
Official records from 1901 indicate that Bhopal State covered an area of approximately 17,876 square kilometers.
After becoming a British princely state, Bhopal State's territory was entirely located on the Malwa plateau.
Answer: False
Bhopal State's territory straddled the Vindhya Range, with parts located on the Malwa plateau and other parts in the Narmada River valley.
The Bhopal Agency was a separate administrative division primarily focused on managing trade routes.
Answer: False
The Bhopal Agency was an administrative unit within the Central India Agency, comprising Bhopal State and other smaller states, not primarily focused on trade routes.
The map of Bhopal State within the Central India Agency primarily shows its location relative to major trade ports.
Answer: False
Maps of Bhopal State within the Central India Agency primarily illustrate its geographical position and administrative context within British India, not its relation to trade ports.
The Bhopal Agency was part of which larger administrative division of British India?
Answer: The Central India Agency
The Bhopal Agency was an administrative subdivision within the larger framework of the Central India Agency during the British Raj.
What was the geographical significance of Bhopal State's location after 1818?
Answer: It straddled the Vindhya Range, with parts on the Malwa plateau and Narmada valley.
After 1818, Bhopal State's territory was geographically significant as it lay across the Vindhya Range, encompassing parts of the Malwa plateau to the north and the Narmada valley to the south.