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A briquette is defined as a compressed block of combustible biomass material utilized primarily as fuel and kindling.
Answer: True
A briquette is defined as a compressed block of combustible biomass material, such as charcoal, sawdust, wood chips, peat, or paper, utilized as fuel and kindling. The term 'briquette' is a diminutive derived from the French word 'brique,' meaning 'brick.'
The term "brique" in French signifies "brick," and the word "briquette" is a diminutive derived from it, indicating a small brick.
Answer: True
The term 'brique' in French signifies 'brick,' and the word 'briquette' is a diminutive derived from it, indicating a small brick. This etymological origin highlights the compressed, brick-like form of the fuel.
What is the etymological origin of the term "briquette"?
Answer: A diminutive of the French word 'brique,' meaning 'brick.'
The term 'briquette' is a diminutive derived from the French word 'brique,' which translates to 'brick,' indicating its small, brick-like form.
What is the meaning of the French word 'brique' from which 'briquette' is derived?
Answer: Brick
The term 'briquette' is a diminutive derived from the French word 'brique,' which translates to 'brick,' indicating its small, brick-like form.
Coal briquettes were primarily developed to utilize 'small coal' or fine coal particles, which were difficult to burn efficiently due to airflow issues.
Answer: True
Coal briquettes were developed to utilize 'small coal,' or fine coal particles, produced during mining. This fine coal was inefficient to burn due to restricted airflow through fire grates and its tendency to be drawn into chimneys, generating smoke.
Early coal briquettes, known as "culm bombs," utilized a significant amount of clay as a binder, which resulted in high ash content.
Answer: True
Early coal briquettes, termed 'culm bombs,' were hand-molded using a minimal amount of clay as a binder. Their primary drawback was the high ash content resulting from the unburned clay, which could impede grate airflow.
Victorian-era engineering advancements, particularly the hydraulic press, enabled the production of machine-made briquettes with substantially reduced binder requirements.
Answer: True
Victorian-era engineering advancements, particularly the hydraulic press, enabled the production of machine-made briquettes with substantially reduced binder requirements.
Binders like tar or pitch, used in machine-made briquettes, burned away completely, resulting in a low-ash fuel.
Answer: True
Machine-made briquettes commonly employed binders like tar or pitch, sourced from gas production and petrochemical industries. These binders offered the advantage of complete combustion, yielding a low-ash fuel.
Phurnacite was a brand of briquettes developed by Idris Jones to mimic the performance of high-quality anthracite coal.
Answer: True
Phurnacite was a proprietary briquette brand developed by Idris Jones for Powell Duffryn, engineered to emulate the performance characteristics of high-quality anthracite coal.
Phurnacite briquettes were formulated from a specific blend of coal types: 25% bituminous coal, 45% steam coal, 22% dry steam coal, and 8% pitch.
Answer: True
Phurnacite briquettes were formulated from a specific blend of coal types: 25% bituminous coal, 45% steam coal, 22% dry steam coal, and 8% pitch.
The adoption of a squared oval shape for Phurnacite briquettes, compared to earlier brick-like forms, facilitated efficient packing within firebeds, promoting optimal airflow, and enabled mechanical feeding into automated boilers.
Answer: True
The adoption of a squared oval shape for Phurnacite briquettes, compared to earlier brick-like forms, facilitated efficient packing within firebeds, promoting optimal airflow, and enabled mechanical feeding into automated boilers.
What problem did coal briquettes primarily address in the coal mining industry?
Answer: Utilizing 'small coal' which was difficult to burn efficiently due to airflow issues.
Coal briquettes were developed to utilize 'small coal,' or fine coal particles, which were inefficient to burn due to restricted airflow through fire grates and their tendency to be drawn into chimneys, generating smoke.
What was the main drawback of the earliest coal briquettes, known as "culm bombs"?
Answer: They had a high ash content due to the clay binder.
The earliest coal briquettes, termed 'culm bombs,' were hand-molded using a minimal amount of clay as a binder. Their primary drawback was the high ash content resulting from the unburned clay, which could impede grate airflow.
Which engineering advancement from the Victorian era significantly improved briquette production?
Answer: The hydraulic press
Victorian-era engineering advancements, particularly the hydraulic press, enabled the production of machine-made briquettes with substantially reduced binder requirements.
What was the key advantage of using binders like tar or pitch in machine-made coal briquettes?
Answer: They burned away completely, resulting in low ash.
Machine-made briquettes commonly employed binders like tar or pitch. These binders offered the advantage of complete combustion, yielding a low-ash fuel.
Phurnacite was developed by Idris Jones for Powell Duffryn with the goal of:
Answer: Replicating the performance of high-quality anthracite coal.
Phurnacite was a proprietary briquette brand developed by Idris Jones for Powell Duffryn, engineered to emulate the performance characteristics of high-quality anthracite coal.
According to the source, what was the typical composition of Phurnacite briquettes?
Answer: 25% bituminous coal, 45% steam coal, 22% dry steam coal, 8% pitch
Phurnacite briquettes were formulated from a specific blend of coal types: 25% bituminous coal, 45% steam coal, 22% dry steam coal, and 8% pitch.
How did the shape of briquettes, such as Phurnacite, enhance their usability?
Answer: Their squared oval shape allowed for efficient packing and mechanical feeding.
The adoption of a squared oval shape for Phurnacite briquettes, compared to earlier brick-like forms, facilitated efficient packing within firebeds, promoting optimal airflow, and enabled mechanical feeding into automated boilers.
What is the primary purpose of Phurnacite briquettes?
Answer: To replicate the performance of high-quality anthracite coal.
Phurnacite was a proprietary briquette brand developed by Idris Jones for Powell Duffryn, engineered to emulate the performance characteristics of high-quality anthracite coal.
Charcoal briquettes for cooking commonly include limestone, but it functions as an ash colorant, not a binder.
Answer: True
Charcoal briquettes for cooking commonly include limestone, but it functions as an ash colorant, not a binder. Starch typically serves as the binder.
A single charcoal briquette is estimated to increase the temperature of a Dutch oven by approximately 25°F (14°C).
Answer: True
As a general guideline, a single charcoal briquette is estimated to elevate the temperature of a camping Dutch oven by approximately 25°F (14°C).
Starch is used as a binder in charcoal briquettes for cooking, not as a release agent.
Answer: True
Starch is used as a binder in charcoal briquettes for cooking, not as a release agent. Borax typically serves as the release agent.
Sodium nitrate is added to charcoal briquettes as an accelerant, not to improve their ash color.
Answer: True
Sodium nitrate is added to charcoal briquettes as an accelerant, not to improve their ash color. Limestone is used for ash color.
In charcoal briquettes for cooking, what is the function of limestone?
Answer: As an ash colorant
Limestone is included in charcoal briquettes for cooking as an ash colorant. Starch typically serves as the binder.
According to a common guideline, how much does one charcoal briquette increase the temperature of a Dutch oven?
Answer: Approximately 25°F (14°C)
As a general guideline, a single charcoal briquette is estimated to elevate the temperature of a camping Dutch oven by approximately 25°F (14°C).
What is the purpose of borax in charcoal briquettes for cooking?
Answer: As a release agent
Borax is used as a release agent in charcoal briquettes.
What is the function of sodium nitrate in charcoal briquettes?
Answer: Accelerant
Sodium nitrate is added to charcoal briquettes as an accelerant.
During Japan's Edo period, homemade charcoal briquettes (*tadon*) were bound using a polysaccharide extracted from red algae.
Answer: True
During Japan's Edo period, homemade charcoal briquettes, known as *tadon*, were bound using a polysaccharide derived from red algae.
During the Meiji period, the advent of steam engines led to the primary use of coal and clay in Japanese briquettes, identified as *rentan* and *mametan*.
Answer: True
During the Meiji period, the advent of steam engines led to the primary use of coal and clay in Japanese briquettes, identified as *rentan* and *mametan*.
Japanese briquettes known as *rentan* and *mametan* were exported to China and Korea.
Answer: True
The Japanese briquettes known as *rentan* and *mametan* were exported to China and Korea.
Contemporary mass-market charcoal briquettes in Japan, exemplified by the *Ogatan* type, are frequently manufactured from woody flakes such as sawdust or coffee dust.
Answer: True
Contemporary mass-market charcoal briquettes, exemplified by the *Ogatan* type, are frequently manufactured from woody flakes such as sawdust or coffee dust.
Cylindrical briquettes in China are identified by terms such as "feng wo mei" (beehive coal) and "lian tan" (kneaded coal).
Answer: True
Cylindrical briquettes in China are identified by terms such as 'feng wo mei' (beehive coal) and 'lian tan' (kneaded coal).
Chinese briquette cookers, often simple ceramic vessels with metal casings, are designed for sustained heating by enabling the placement of a new briquette cylinder atop a depleted one for ignition, facilitating continuous combustion through cylinder replacement.
Answer: True
Chinese briquette cookers, often simple ceramic vessels with metal casings, are designed for sustained heating by enabling the placement of a new briquette cylinder atop a depleted one for ignition, facilitating continuous combustion through cylinder replacement.
A single briquette cylinder in Chinese cookers typically lasts for over an hour.
Answer: True
A single briquette cylinder used in these specialized Chinese cookers can last for over an hour.
Peat briquettes are a common solid fuel in Ireland, characterized as virtually smokeless and easy to store and transport.
Answer: True
Peat briquettes are a prevalent solid fuel in Ireland, distinguished by their virtually smokeless, slow-burning, and easily storable/transportable nature, largely supplanting raw peat sods for domestic consumption.
In Ireland, peat briquettes serve dual purposes: efficiently igniting coal fires and imparting a distinctive aroma to grilled meats and vegetables.
Answer: True
In Ireland, peat briquettes serve dual purposes: efficiently igniting coal fires and imparting a distinctive aroma to grilled meats and vegetables.
Bord na Móna is the designated state-owned entity in Ireland responsible for peat resource management and the oversight of peat briquette production.
Answer: True
Bord na Móna is the designated state-owned entity in Ireland responsible for peat resource management and the oversight of peat briquette production.
Peat briquettes in Ireland are characterized as virtually smokeless and easy to store and transport.
Answer: True
Peat briquettes in Ireland are characterized as virtually smokeless and easy to store and transport.
The Japanese briquettes known as *rentan* were primarily made from coal and clay.
Answer: True
The Japanese briquettes known as *rentan* were primarily made from coal and clay.
The term "Mei" for cylindrical briquettes in China is derived from the Japanese term "Rentan" (meaning kneaded coal).
Answer: True
The term 'Mei' for cylindrical briquettes in China is derived from the Japanese term 'Rentan' (meaning kneaded coal).
What binder was historically used for homemade charcoal briquettes (*tadon*) in Japan during the Edo period?
Answer: A polysaccharide extracted from red algae
During Japan's Edo period, homemade charcoal briquettes, known as *tadon*, were bound using a polysaccharide derived from red algae.
Which Japanese briquettes, made from coal and clay, were exported to China and Korea?
Answer: Rentan and Mametan
The Japanese briquettes known as *rentan* and *mametan* were exported to China and Korea.
What are modern mass-consumed charcoal briquettes in Japan, such as the *Ogatan* type, commonly made from?
Answer: Woody flakes like sawdust or coffee dust
Contemporary mass-market charcoal briquettes, exemplified by the *Ogatan* type, are frequently manufactured from woody flakes such as sawdust or coffee dust.
In China, cylindrical briquettes are known by names such as "feng wo mei" and "lian tan." What do these names refer to?
Answer: Beehive coal and kneaded coal
Cylindrical briquettes in China are identified by terms such as 'feng wo mei' (beehive coal) and 'lian tan' (kneaded coal).
How are Chinese briquette cookers designed to facilitate continuous heating?
Answer: By allowing new briquette cylinders to be placed on top of depleted ones to ignite.
Chinese briquette cookers are designed for sustained heating by enabling the placement of a new briquette cylinder atop a depleted one for ignition, facilitating continuous combustion through cylinder replacement.
Which country commonly uses peat briquettes as a solid fuel, characterized as virtually smokeless and easy to store?
Answer: Ireland
Peat briquettes are a prevalent solid fuel in Ireland, distinguished by their virtually smokeless, slow-burning, and easily storable/transportable nature.
What is the role of Bord na Móna in Ireland concerning peat briquettes?
Answer: It is the state-owned company responsible for peat production and manufacturing.
Bord na Móna is the designated state-owned entity in Ireland responsible for peat resource management and the oversight of peat briquette production.
What does the term "feng wo mei" refer to in the context of Chinese briquettes?
Answer: Beehive coal
Cylindrical briquettes in China are identified by terms such as 'feng wo mei,' which means 'beehive coal.'
The Japanese briquettes known as *rentan* and *mametan* were introduced during which period?
Answer: Meiji period
During the Meiji period, the advent of steam engines led to the primary use of coal and clay in Japanese briquettes, identified as *rentan* and *mametan*.
Biomass briquettes, derived from agricultural waste, are engineered as viable alternatives to fossil fuels like oil and coal.
Answer: True
Biomass briquettes, derived from agricultural waste, are engineered as viable alternatives to fossil fuels like oil and coal.
Biomass briquettes are classified as a technically renewable energy source, with their carbon emissions considered environmentally neutral as the released carbon was recently sequestered from the atmosphere, contrasting with fossil fuels that release geologically sequestered carbon.
Answer: True
Biomass briquettes are classified as a technically renewable energy source, with their carbon emissions considered environmentally neutral as the released carbon was recently sequestered from the atmosphere, contrasting with fossil fuels that release geologically sequestered carbon.
Indian companies have adopted biomass briquettes for boiler fuels, achieving cost savings (30-40% on expenses) and potentially earning Carbon Credits through emission reduction, owing to their higher calorific value.
Answer: True
Indian companies have adopted biomass briquettes for boiler fuels, achieving cost savings (30-40% on expenses) and potentially earning Carbon Credits through emission reduction, owing to their higher calorific value.
A paper briquette is a compact cylindrical form produced by compressing shredded paper material via a briquettor.
Answer: True
A paper briquette is a compact cylindrical form produced by compressing shredded paper material via a briquettor.
The National Security Agency (NSA) mandates a maximum particle size of 3 mm (approximately 1/8 inch) square for shredded paper designated for briquetting.
Answer: True
The National Security Agency (NSA) mandates a maximum particle size of 3 mm (approximately 1/8 inch) square for shredded paper designated for briquetting.
Briquetting paper waste yields significant environmental advantages, chiefly a volume reduction of up to 90% over shredding, thereby enhancing transportation and storage efficiency and lowering associated costs and fuel consumption.
Answer: True
Briquetting paper waste yields significant environmental advantages, chiefly a volume reduction of up to 90% over shredding, thereby enhancing transportation and storage efficiency and lowering associated costs and fuel consumption.
Compressed paper briquettes are valuable in paper mills for the production of recycled paper, and can also function as fire-starting fuel or insulating material.
Answer: True
Compressed paper briquettes serve as valuable material in paper mills for recycled paper production, and can also function as fire-starting fuel or insulating material.
The primary environmental benefit of briquetting paper waste is the significant volume reduction, leading to more efficient transportation and storage, not the reduction of hazardous chemical content.
Answer: True
The primary environmental benefit of briquetting paper waste is the significant volume reduction, leading to more efficient transportation and storage, not the reduction of hazardous chemical content.
The NSA regulation for shredded paper particle size is 3 mm square.
Answer: True
The NSA regulation for shredded paper particle size is 3 mm square.
Biomass briquettes are considered a renewable energy source because:
Answer: The carbon released was recently absorbed from the atmosphere.
Biomass briquettes are classified as a technically renewable energy source, with their carbon emissions considered environmentally neutral as the released carbon was recently sequestered from the atmosphere.
Companies in India have benefited from switching to biomass briquettes for boiler fuels by:
Answer: Earning Carbon Credits and reducing fuel expenses.
Indian companies have adopted biomass briquettes for boiler fuels, achieving cost savings (30-40% on expenses) and potentially earning Carbon Credits through emission reduction, owing to their higher calorific value.
What is the primary environmental benefit cited for briquetted paper waste compared to traditional shredding?
Answer: A volume reduction of up to 90% compared to shredding.
Briquetting paper waste yields significant environmental advantages, chiefly a volume reduction of up to 90% over shredding, thereby enhancing transportation and storage efficiency and lowering associated costs and fuel consumption.
What is the primary environmental benefit of briquetting paper waste?
Answer: Reduced transportation costs and fuel consumption
Briquetting paper waste yields significant environmental advantages, chiefly a volume reduction of up to 90% over shredding, thereby enhancing transportation and storage efficiency and lowering associated costs and fuel consumption.
Widespread adoption of briquetting technology is frequently impeded by substantial initial capital investment and the considerable energy demands of high-pressure briquetting systems.
Answer: True
Widespread adoption of briquetting technology is frequently impeded by substantial initial capital investment and the considerable energy demands of high-pressure briquetting systems.
Manual low-pressure briquetting presses (operating below 5 MPa) are deemed suitable for developing nations owing to their user-friendliness and reduced energy consumption.
Answer: True
Manual low-pressure briquetting presses (operating below 5 MPa) are deemed suitable for developing nations owing to their user-friendliness and reduced energy consumption.
In developed countries, wood briquettes are manufactured using natural lignin as the binder, without external binders like starch or molasses.
Answer: True
In developed countries, wood briquettes are manufactured using natural lignin as the binder, without external binders like starch or molasses.
Extruded fuel briquettes from Ukrainian sawdust typically demonstrate a density of 1.0-1.2 t/m³, a heat content of 19.3-20.5 MJ/kg, and an ash content of 0.5-1.5%.
Answer: True
Extruded fuel briquettes from Ukrainian sawdust typically demonstrate a density of 1.0-1.2 t/m³, a heat content of 19.3-20.5 MJ/kg, and an ash content of 0.5-1.5%.
Extrusion production technology processes materials like straw, sunflower husks, or shredded wood (sawdust) under high pressure and heat (160-350°C) via extrusion.
Answer: True
Extrusion production technology processes materials like straw, sunflower husks, or shredded wood (sawdust) under high pressure and heat (160-350°C) via extrusion.
Solid briquettes are manufactured using piston presses, whereas those with a hole are produced via screw presses.
Answer: True
Solid briquettes are manufactured using piston presses, whereas those with a hole are produced via screw presses.
The hole in a screw-pressed briquette increases its surface area, which in turn aids in more efficient combustion.
Answer: True
The central hole in a screw-pressed briquette, formed by the screw thread, enhances surface area, promoting more efficient combustion.
Research indicates optimal moisture percentages for briquetting are 18% for paper and 22% for wheat straw.
Answer: True
Research indicates optimal moisture percentages for briquetting are 18% for paper and 22% for wheat straw.
The natural lignin in wood acts as a binder when wood briquettes are manufactured in developed countries.
Answer: True
The natural lignin in wood acts as a binder when wood briquettes are manufactured in developed countries.
What are the primary limitations hindering the widespread adoption of high-pressure briquetting technology?
Answer: High initial investment costs and significant energy consumption.
Widespread adoption of briquetting technology is frequently impeded by substantial initial capital investment and the considerable energy demands of high-pressure briquetting systems.
For developing countries, what type of briquetting technology is considered suitable due to its user-friendliness and lower energy needs?
Answer: Manual low-pressure briquetting presses
Manual low-pressure briquetting presses (operating below 5 MPa) are deemed suitable for developing nations owing to their user-friendliness and reduced energy consumption.
How are wood briquettes typically manufactured in developed countries, and what acts as the binding agent?
Answer: Compressing waste wood, using natural lignin as the binder.
In developed nations, wood briquettes are typically manufactured by compressing waste wood (e.g., sawdust) and extruding it into logs, utilizing the wood's inherent lignin as the binding agent, thereby obviating the need for external binders.
What are the typical physical and thermal properties of fuel briquettes made from sawdust in Ukraine via extrusion?
Answer: Density 1.0-1.2 t/m³, heat 19.3-20.5 MJ/kg, ash 0.5-1.5%
Extruded fuel briquettes from Ukrainian sawdust typically demonstrate a density of 1.0-1.2 t/m³, a heat content of 19.3-20.5 MJ/kg, and an ash content of 0.5-1.5%.
Wood briquettes typically have a lower moisture content than green firewood, making them more efficient.
Answer: True
Wood briquettes typically have a lower moisture content than green firewood, making them more efficient.
Experts caution against using charcoal burners for home heating in enclosed environments due to the severe risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Answer: True
Experts caution against using charcoal burners for home heating in enclosed environments due to the severe risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Wood briquettes have a lower moisture content than green firewood.
Answer: True
Wood briquettes have a lower moisture content than green firewood.
Compared to traditional firewood, wood briquettes are generally:
Answer: More efficient to burn and have lower moisture content.
Wood briquettes generally exhibit superior burning efficiency compared to firewood, characterized by low moisture content (as low as 4%) versus green firewood's high moisture (up to 65%).
What is the main safety warning associated with using charcoal burners in enclosed spaces?
Answer: Carbon monoxide poisoning
Experts caution against using charcoal burners for home heating in enclosed environments due to the severe risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Which of the following is a characteristic of wood briquettes compared to traditional firewood?
Answer: Lower moisture content
Wood briquettes generally exhibit superior burning efficiency compared to firewood, characterized by low moisture content (as low as 4%) versus green firewood's high moisture (up to 65%).
What is the primary advantage of using wood briquettes over traditional firewood?
Answer: They are more efficient to burn.
Wood briquettes generally exhibit superior burning efficiency compared to firewood, characterized by low moisture content versus green firewood's high moisture.