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The 1932 British Empire Economic Conference was primarily convened to discuss the global economic downturn known as the Great Depression.
Answer: True
The primary purpose of the 1932 British Empire Economic Conference was to address the severe global economic crisis known as the Great Depression.
The conference was exclusively known by the name "Ottawa Conference."
Answer: False
The conference was also commonly referred to as the 'Ottawa Conference,' alongside other designations such as the 'Imperial Economic Conference,' indicating it was not exclusively known by that single name.
The 1932 British Empire Economic Conference took place in London, United Kingdom.
Answer: False
Contrary to the statement, the 1932 British Empire Economic Conference was held in Ottawa, Canada, not London.
What was the primary purpose of the 1932 British Empire Economic Conference?
Answer: To address the global economic crisis known as the Great Depression.
The primary purpose of the 1932 British Empire Economic Conference was to address the profound global economic challenges posed by the Great Depression.
The 1932 British Empire Economic Conference is also commonly known by which name, referencing its host city?
Answer: The Ottawa Conference
The 1932 British Empire Economic Conference is also commonly known by the name 'Ottawa Conference,' referencing the city where it was hosted.
From which dates did the 1932 British Empire Economic Conference take place?
Answer: July 21, 1932 - August 18, 1932
The 1932 British Empire Economic Conference convened from July 21, 1932, to August 18, 1932.
What was the venue for the main discussions of the conference?
Answer: In the House of Commons chamber on Parliament Hill.
The main discussions of the conference were held in the House of Commons chamber on Parliament Hill.
Delegates at the 1932 conference officially acknowledged the failure of the gold standard and resolved to abandon attempts to reinstate it.
Answer: True
The conference proceedings included an official acknowledgment of the gold standard's failure, leading to a resolution to cease efforts toward its reinstatement.
The main trade policy objective established at the Ottawa Conference was to eliminate all tariffs between member nations of the British Empire.
Answer: False
The primary trade policy objective established at the Ottawa Conference was not the elimination of all tariffs between member nations, but rather the creation of a preferential economic zone characterized by limited internal tariffs and higher external tariffs.
The preferential trade policy adopted by the British Empire at the conference was known as "Global Free Trade."
Answer: False
The preferential trade policy adopted by the British Empire at the conference was designated as 'Imperial preference' or 'Empire Free-Trade,' not 'Global Free Trade.'
The principle of Imperial preference prioritized foreign producers over empire producers.
Answer: False
The principle of Imperial preference, as adopted at the conference, prioritized domestic producers first, followed by empire producers, and lastly foreign producers, thereby not prioritizing foreign producers over empire producers.
The conference rejected Keynesian economic theories in favor of classical economics.
Answer: False
Contrary to the statement, the conference did not reject Keynesian economic theories; rather, it adopted economic ideas associated with Keynesianism.
Keynesian policies endorsed at the conference included lowering interest rates and increasing government spending.
Answer: True
The Keynesian policies endorsed at the conference encompassed measures such as lowering interest rates, increasing the money supply, and expanding government spending.
The conference discussions focused solely on monetary standards and the gold standard.
Answer: False
The discussions at the conference were not limited solely to monetary standards and the gold standard; they also encompassed key areas such as Imperial preference and tariffs.
The stated goal of "Empire Free-Trade" was to favor foreign producers over domestic ones.
Answer: False
The stated goal of "Empire Free-Trade" was to prioritize domestic producers first, followed by empire producers, and then foreign producers, thus not favoring foreign producers over domestic ones.
The conference endorsed Keynesian policies such as increasing interest rates and reducing government spending.
Answer: False
The conference endorsed Keynesian policies that included lowering interest rates and expanding government spending, not increasing interest rates and reducing government spending.
What was the main trade policy objective established at the Ottawa Conference?
Answer: To create a preferential economic zone with limited internal tariffs and high external tariffs.
The principal trade policy objective established at the Ottawa Conference was the creation of a preferential economic zone within the British Empire, characterized by limited internal tariffs and higher tariffs imposed on goods from outside the Empire.
The preferential trade policy adopted by the British Empire at the conference was known as:
Answer: Imperial Preference
The preferential trade policy adopted by the British Empire at the conference was known as 'Imperial Preference'.
What was the underlying principle of "Imperial preference" adopted at the conference?
Answer: Domestic producers first, then empire producers, then foreign.
The underlying principle of "Imperial preference" adopted at the conference prioritized trade relationships in a specific order: domestic producers first, empire producers second, and foreign producers last.
What decision was made regarding the gold standard at the conference?
Answer: Delegates officially acknowledged its failure and resolved to abandon attempts to reinstate it.
Regarding the gold standard, delegates at the conference officially acknowledged its failure and resolved to abandon all attempts at its reinstatement.
Which economic theories or ideas were notably adopted by the conference?
Answer: Keynesian economics
The conference notably adopted economic theories and ideas associated with Keynesian economics.
Which specific Keynesian policies were embraced at the conference?
Answer: Lowering interest rates, increasing the money supply, and expanding government spending.
The specific Keynesian policies embraced at the conference included measures such as lowering interest rates, increasing the money supply, and expanding government spending.
What was the stated principle behind "Empire Free-Trade"?
Answer: Prioritizing domestic producers first, empire producers second, and foreign producers last.
The stated principle behind "Empire Free-Trade" was to prioritize domestic producers first, followed by empire producers, and then foreign producers.
Which of the following was an example of a Keynesian policy embraced at the conference?
Answer: Expanding government spending to stimulate the economy.
An example of a Keynesian policy embraced at the conference was the expansion of government spending to stimulate the economy.
What was the stated goal of imposing high tariffs on goods from countries outside the British Empire?
Answer: To create a protected economic bloc within the British Empire.
The stated goal of imposing high tariffs on goods from countries outside the British Empire was to create a protected economic bloc within the British Empire, thereby fostering preferential trade among its members.
The conference was hosted by the Prime Minister of Canada, R. B. Bennett, who also chaired the proceedings.
Answer: False
While R. B. Bennett, the Prime Minister of Canada, chaired the proceedings of the 1932 British Empire Economic Conference, the conference was hosted by The Earl of Bessborough, the Governor General of Canada, representing King George V. Therefore, the statement that Bennett hosted is inaccurate.
Stanley Bruce, the delegate from Australia, attended the conference in his capacity as Assistant Treasurer.
Answer: True
Stanley Bruce, representing Australia at the conference, served in the capacity of Assistant Treasurer.
India was represented at the conference by its ruling Viceroy.
Answer: False
India's representation at the conference was by Sir Atul Chandra Chatterjee, who acted as the Viceroy's representative, rather than the Viceroy himself.
Frederick C. Alderdice represented Newfoundland at the conference in his role as Prime Minister.
Answer: True
Frederick C. Alderdice represented Newfoundland at the conference, holding the position of Prime Minister.
Gordon Coates, representing New Zealand, held the position of Minister of Finance.
Answer: False
Gordon Coates, who represented New Zealand at the conference, held the positions of Minister of Public Works and Minister in charge of Unemployment, not Minister of Finance.
Nicolaas Havenga represented South Africa at the conference in his capacity as Prime Minister.
Answer: False
Nicolaas Havenga represented South Africa at the conference, serving as the Finance Minister, not the Prime Minister.
Stanley Baldwin represented the United Kingdom as the Lord President of the Council.
Answer: True
Stanley Baldwin represented the United Kingdom at the conference, holding the office of Lord President of the Council.
Who chaired the 1932 British Empire Economic Conference?
Answer: R. B. Bennett
The 1932 British Empire Economic Conference was chaired by R. B. Bennett, who served as the Prime Minister of Canada.
Who represented the United Kingdom at the conference?
Answer: Stanley Baldwin
The United Kingdom was represented at the conference by Stanley Baldwin, who held the position of Lord President of the Council.
Who represented Australia, and in what capacity?
Answer: Stanley Bruce, as Assistant Treasurer
Australia was represented by Stanley Bruce, who attended the conference in his capacity as Assistant Treasurer.
How many nations or territories were represented at the conference?
Answer: Nine
A total of nine nations and territories were represented at the conference.
What role did The Earl of Bessborough, Governor General of Canada, play at the conference?
Answer: He served as the host, representing King George V.
The Earl of Bessborough, as the Governor General of Canada, served as the host for the conference, representing King George V.
Who represented the Irish Free State at the conference?
Answer: Seán T. O'Kelly, as Vice-President
The Irish Free State was represented at the conference by Seán T. O'Kelly, who held the position of Vice-President.
Who represented New Zealand at the conference?
Answer: Gordon Coates, as Minister of Public Works
New Zealand was represented at the conference by Gordon Coates, who served as the Minister of Public Works and Minister in charge of Unemployment.
Who represented South Africa at the conference?
Answer: Nicolaas Havenga, as Finance Minister
South Africa was represented at the conference by Nicolaas Havenga, who served as the Finance Minister.
The conference concluded with the establishment of a series of bilateral agreements designed to last for a minimum of five years.
Answer: True
The conclusion of the conference was marked by the establishment of a series of bilateral agreements, each intended to remain in effect for a minimum duration of five years.
The Import Duties Act 1932 was unrelated to the conference's focus on trade policy and tariffs.
Answer: False
The Import Duties Act 1932 is considered related to the conference's focus on trade policy and tariffs, suggesting its relevance to the legislative context surrounding the event.
The bilateral agreements established at the conference were set to expire after exactly three years.
Answer: False
The bilateral agreements established at the conference were designed with a minimum duration of five years, not exactly three years.
What was the minimum duration for the bilateral trade agreements established at the Ottawa Conference?
Answer: Five years
The bilateral trade agreements established at the Ottawa Conference were designed to remain in effect for a minimum duration of five years.
What piece of legislation is mentioned as related to the conference's focus on trade policy?
Answer: The Import Duties Act 1932
The Import Duties Act 1932 is mentioned as a piece of legislation related to the conference's focus on trade policy and tariffs.
The shift towards Imperial preference caused no significant political divisions within the British government at the time.
Answer: False
The shift towards Imperial preference policies generated significant political divisions within the British National Government coalition, leading to the departure of certain factions.
The 1930 Imperial Conference immediately preceded the 1932 meeting.
Answer: True
The 1930 Imperial Conference indeed immediately preceded the 1932 British Empire Economic Conference, placing it within a sequence of inter-imperial policy discussions.
A Canadian postage stamp issued in 1932 featured a special commemorative overprint to mark the occasion of the Ottawa Conference.
Answer: True
A Canadian postage stamp issued in 1932 bore a special commemorative overprint, specifically commemorating the occasion of the Ottawa Conference.
A 2024 study found that the Ottawa agreement significantly boosted Canada's adoption of open trade policies.
Answer: False
A study conducted in 2024 concluded that the impact of the Ottawa agreement on Canada's adoption of open trade policies was limited, primarily due to Canada's pre-existing highly protectionist trade stance.
The 1932 conference was an isolated event, not part of a broader series of Imperial Conferences.
Answer: False
The 1932 conference was not an isolated event but rather an integral part of a historical series of Colonial and Imperial Conferences, which served as regular forums for policy coordination within the British Empire.
The UK's National Government coalition remained unified after the conference's policy decisions regarding trade.
Answer: False
The UK's National Government coalition experienced a significant split following the conference's policy decisions on trade, particularly concerning the shift towards Imperial preference.
The navbox mentions the 1952 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Economic Conference as another related meeting in the sequence of Commonwealth gatherings.
Answer: True
The navigation box does indeed mention the 1952 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Economic Conference as a subsequent related meeting within the historical sequence of Commonwealth economic gatherings.
What does the image caption describe regarding a Canadian postage stamp?
Answer: A stamp issued in 1932 with a special overprint for the Ottawa Conference.
The image caption describes a Canadian postage stamp issued in 1932 that bore a special commemorative overprint, specifically commemorating the occasion of the Ottawa Conference.
According to a 2024 study, what was the impact of the Ottawa agreement on Canada's trade policy?
Answer: Its impact was limited because Canada already had a highly protectionist trade policy.
According to a 2024 study, the Ottawa agreement's impact on Canada's trade policy was limited, primarily because Canada already maintained a highly protectionist trade policy.
The 1932 conference is part of a historical series of what type of meetings?
Answer: Colonial and Imperial Conferences
The 1932 conference is part of a historical series of Colonial and Imperial Conferences, which were regular forums for discussion among British Empire territories.
What specific action did the Official Liberals, led by Herbert Samuel, take regarding the conference's trade policy decisions?
Answer: They chose to leave the government in protest.
In response to the conference's trade policy decisions, the Official Liberals, under the leadership of Herbert Samuel, chose to leave the United Kingdom's National Government coalition.
What caused the split within the UK's National Government coalition mentioned in the source?
Answer: The decision to move away from open free trade and implement Imperial preference.
The split within the UK's National Government coalition was caused by the decision to move away from open free trade and implement Imperial preference policies agreed upon at the conference.