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Total Categories: 5
The Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association advised the People's Democracy march to proceed with their planned route.
Answer: False
The Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association advised the People's Democracy march against proceeding with their planned route.
A key goal of the People's Democracy march was the repeal of the Northern Ireland Constitution Act of 1973.
Answer: False
The marchers' demands focused on issues like 'one man, one vote,' repeal of the Special Powers Act, and ending gerrymandering, not the Northern Ireland Constitution Act of 1973.
The People's Democracy marchers demanded equal voting rights under the principle of 'one man, one vote'.
Answer: True
A primary demand of the People's Democracy marchers was the implementation of 'one man, one vote,' signifying equal voting rights for all citizens.
The marchers demanded an end to gerrymandering and guarantees of freedom of speech and assembly.
Answer: True
The People's Democracy marchers sought reforms including an end to gerrymandering of electoral boundaries and guarantees for freedom of speech and assembly.
The People's Democracy march was undertaken in agreement with the Northern Ireland Prime Minister's appeal for a halt to protests.
Answer: False
The People's Democracy march proceeded in defiance of Prime Minister Terence O'Neill's appeal for a temporary cessation of protests.
The Civil Authorities (Special Powers) Act (Northern Ireland) 1922 granted significant emergency powers.
Answer: True
The Civil Authorities (Special Powers) Act (Northern Ireland) 1922 was a piece of legislation granting significant emergency powers, which the People's Democracy marchers sought to repeal.
The People's Democracy marchers also demanded fair allocation of jobs and housing.
Answer: True
In addition to political reforms, the People's Democracy marchers demanded fair allocation of jobs and housing, addressing socio-economic grievances.
What was the primary route of the People's Democracy march that was ambushed at Burntollet Bridge?
Answer: From Belfast to Derry, in defiance of the Prime Minister's appeal.
The People's Democracy march proceeded from Belfast to Derry and was notable for doing so in defiance of the Northern Ireland Prime Minister's appeal for a halt to protests.
Which piece of legislation were the People's Democracy marchers demanding be repealed?
Answer: The Civil Authorities (Special Powers) Act (Northern Ireland) 1922.
The People's Democracy marchers were demanding the repeal of the Civil Authorities (Special Powers) Act (Northern Ireland) 1922, which granted extensive emergency powers.
Which of the following was NOT among the stated goals of the People's Democracy march?
Answer: Immediate implementation of direct rule from Westminster.
The stated goals of the People's Democracy march included 'one man, one vote,' fair allocation of jobs and housing, and guarantees of freedom of speech and assembly. The immediate implementation of direct rule from Westminster was not listed among these objectives.
What was the estimated number of participants in the People's Democracy march that was attacked?
Answer: Over 400 people.
The People's Democracy march comprised over 400 participants when it was attacked at Burntollet Bridge.
What was the stated reason for the Northern Ireland Prime Minister's appeal regarding the People's Democracy march?
Answer: To request a temporary cessation of protests.
Prime Minister Terence O'Neill appealed for a temporary cessation of protests, a request that the People's Democracy march proceeded to defy.
The People's Democracy march was advised against proceeding by which groups?
Answer: Both the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association and some Derry nationalists.
The People's Democracy march received advice against proceeding from both the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association and some Derry nationalists.
The demand to end 'gerrymandering of electoral boundaries' aimed to achieve what?
Answer: Fairer representation and equal voting power.
Ending 'gerrymandering of electoral boundaries' aimed to ensure fairer representation and equal voting power for all citizens, preventing the manipulation of district lines for political advantage.
The People's Democracy march was a civil rights initiative demanding reforms such as:
Answer: Repeal of the Special Powers Act and fair housing.
The People's Democracy march demanded reforms including the repeal of the Special Powers Act and fair allocation of jobs and housing, addressing key civil rights and socio-economic grievances.
The ambush at Burntollet Bridge occurred on January 4, 1969, targeting a march traveling from Derry to Belfast.
Answer: False
The ambush occurred on January 4, 1969, but the People's Democracy march was traveling from Belfast to Derry, not from Derry to Belfast.
The People's Democracy march was attacked by Ulster nationalists at Burntollet Bridge.
Answer: False
The source material consistently identifies the attackers as Ulster loyalists, not Ulster nationalists.
The loyalist attackers at Burntollet Bridge were estimated to be around 100 people, including some off-duty police officers.
Answer: False
The loyalist attackers were estimated to be around 300 people, which included approximately 100 off-duty members of the Ulster Special Constabulary (USC).
Stones used in the attack were reportedly sourced from a quarry owned by William Leslie at Legahurry.
Answer: True
The source indicates that stones used in the assault were reportedly transported in bulk from William Leslie's quarry at Legahurry.
The Burntollet Bridge incident occurred in County Fermanagh.
Answer: False
Burntollet Bridge is located in County Londonderry, near Derry, not in County Fermanagh.
The attackers used iron bars and sticks spiked with nails, indicating a violent intent.
Answer: True
The source indicates that the attackers used not only stones but also iron bars and sticks spiked with nails, demonstrating a clear intent to inflict serious harm.
The ambush at Burntollet Bridge involved approximately 400 attackers.
Answer: False
The ambush involved an estimated 300 attackers, not 400. The march itself comprised over 400 participants.
Who were the primary attackers involved in the ambush at Burntollet Bridge?
Answer: Ulster loyalists, including off-duty members of the Ulster Special Constabulary (USC).
The primary attackers were Ulster loyalists, a group that included approximately 100 off-duty members of the Ulster Special Constabulary (USC).
According to the source, what materials were used by the loyalist attackers besides stones?
Answer: Iron bars and spiked sticks.
In addition to stones, the loyalist attackers reportedly used iron bars and sticks that were spiked with nails, indicating a high level of violence and premeditation.
The ambush at Burntollet Bridge was launched from what tactical position?
Answer: From adjacent high ground.
The ambush was launched from adjacent high ground, providing the attackers with a tactical advantage to assault the marchers below.
The source implies that the attackers gathered stones in bulk from where?
Answer: William Leslie's quarry at Legahurry.
The source implies that stones were gathered in bulk from William Leslie's quarry at Legahurry, suggesting organized preparation for the attack.
What was the geographical location of Burntollet Bridge?
Answer: County Londonderry, near Derry.
Burntollet Bridge is located in Burntollet, near Derry, within County Londonderry, Northern Ireland.
What was the estimated size of the loyalist crowd involved in the Burntollet Bridge attack?
Answer: Approximately 300 people.
The loyalist crowd involved in the Burntollet Bridge attack was estimated to be around 300 individuals.
The Burntollet Bridge incident is described as occurring during which phase of the conflict in Northern Ireland?
Answer: The early stages of the Troubles.
The Burntollet Bridge incident, occurring in January 1969, is situated within the early stages of the period known as the Troubles in Northern Ireland.
What does the phrase 'mob ambush' suggest about the nature of the attack at Burntollet Bridge?
Answer: A large, potentially unruly group attacked from a concealed position.
The term 'mob ambush' suggests an attack by a large, possibly disorganized group (mob) launched unexpectedly from a concealed position (ambush), implying a violent and surprise assault.
The ambush at Burntollet Bridge involved attackers using what kind of weapons?
Answer: Stones, iron bars, and spiked sticks.
The attackers at Burntollet Bridge used a combination of stones, iron bars, and sticks that were spiked with nails.
The Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) actively intervened to protect the marchers from the loyalist attack.
Answer: False
The Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) was present but reportedly did little to prevent the violence, leading marchers to feel the attackers were unconcerned about police presence.
Marchers felt the attackers were unconcerned about the police presence, indicating effective police intervention.
Answer: False
The marchers' perception that attackers were unconcerned about the police presence indicated the opposite of effective intervention; it suggested the attackers felt emboldened by the RUC's perceived inaction.
The RUC's perceived inaction during the attack led to increased trust in the police force among civil rights supporters.
Answer: False
The RUC's perceived inaction during the attack led to a significant damage to its credibility among civil rights supporters, not increased trust.
Approximately 100 members of the Ulster Special Constabulary (USC) participated in the loyalist attack.
Answer: True
The loyalist crowd that attacked the march included approximately 100 off-duty members of the Ulster Special Constabulary (USC).
What was the reported role of the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) during the Burntollet Bridge attack?
Answer: They were present but reportedly did little to prevent the violence.
The Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) was present at the scene but was reported to have done little to prevent the loyalist attack, leading to perceptions of inaction.
The marchers' perception that attackers were unconcerned about police presence suggested what about the RUC's role?
Answer: The RUC's intervention was perceived as ineffective or absent.
The marchers' observation that attackers showed no concern for the police presence indicated that the RUC's intervention was perceived as ineffective or absent, emboldening the attackers.
The presence of off-duty Ulster Special Constabulary members within the attacking loyalist crowd suggested what?
Answer: A potential overlap or coordination between state security and loyalist groups.
The presence of off-duty Ulster Special Constabulary (USC) members within the attacking loyalist crowd suggested a potential overlap or coordination between state security personnel and loyalist groups.
What does the source imply about the attackers' view of the RUC during the ambush?
Answer: They felt emboldened due to the RUC's perceived inaction.
The source implies that the attackers felt emboldened by the RUC's perceived inaction, as evidenced by their lack of concern regarding the police presence during the ambush.
Prime Minister Terence O'Neill supported the People's Democracy march and encouraged its continuation.
Answer: False
Prime Minister Terence O'Neill described the march as a 'foolhardy and irresponsible undertaking' and had appealed for a cessation of protests, which the march defied.
Major Ronald Bunting led supporters of Terence O'Neill in denouncing the march.
Answer: False
Major Ronald Bunting led supporters of Ian Paisley in denouncing the march, not supporters of Terence O'Neill.
Prime Minister O'Neill's statement calling marchers 'hooligans' caused widespread approval among nationalists.
Answer: False
Prime Minister O'Neill's characterization of some marchers as 'hooligans' caused significant outrage, particularly because the attackers faced no legal consequences, and it was not approved by nationalists.
Ian Paisley's supporters organized marches in solidarity with the People's Democracy march.
Answer: False
Ian Paisley's supporters, led by Major Ronald Bunting, organized counter-demonstrations and denounced the People's Democracy march, rather than marching in solidarity.
The term 'seditious' used by Paisley's supporters implied they saw the march as inciting rebellion against authority.
Answer: True
Describing the march as 'seditious' indicated that opponents viewed its aims and actions as inciting rebellion or resistance against the established government or authority.
The Burntollet Bridge incident led to the immediate resignation of Prime Minister Terence O'Neill.
Answer: False
While the incident was significant, it did not lead to the immediate resignation of Prime Minister Terence O'Neill.
What was Prime Minister Terence O'Neill's assessment of the People's Democracy march?
Answer: He called it a 'foolhardy and irresponsible undertaking.'
Prime Minister Terence O'Neill characterized the People's Democracy march as a 'foolhardy and irresponsible undertaking,' signaling his disapproval.
What did the term 'seditious' signify when used by opponents of the People's Democracy march?
Answer: That the march was seen as inciting rebellion against authority.
When opponents used the term 'seditious,' it signified that they viewed the march as an act aimed at inciting rebellion or resistance against the established government or authority.
Prime Minister O'Neill's characterization of some marchers as 'hooligans' caused significant outrage primarily because:
Answer: The attackers faced no legal consequences for their actions.
The outrage over Prime Minister O'Neill's 'hooligans' comment stemmed significantly from the fact that the attackers faced no legal consequences for their violent actions.
The violence at Burntollet Bridge led to a decrease in civil unrest in Derry City.
Answer: False
The violence at Burntollet Bridge led to renewed riots and an increase in civil unrest in Derry City, escalating tensions.
Loyalists celebrated the Burntollet Bridge attack as a defeat for Catholic rebels.
Answer: True
Loyalists celebrated the attack at Burntollet Bridge as a victory over Catholic 'rebels,' reinforcing sectarian divisions.
The Burntollet Bridge ambush significantly enhanced the credibility of the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC).
Answer: False
The Burntollet Bridge ambush irreparably damaged the credibility of the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) due to their perceived inaction.
Loyalists viewed the Burntollet Bridge attack as a setback for their cause.
Answer: False
Loyalists celebrated the Burntollet Bridge attack as a victory, not a setback, viewing it as a triumph over perceived Catholic 'rebels'.
How did loyalist groups interpret the outcome of the Burntollet Bridge incident?
Answer: As a victory over Catholic 'rebels,' reinforcing sectarian divisions.
Loyalist groups celebrated the Burntollet Bridge attack as a victory, framing it as a triumph over Catholic 'rebels' and thereby reinforcing existing sectarian divisions.
What long-term consequence did the Burntollet Bridge ambush have on the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC)?
Answer: It irreparably damaged the RUC's credibility.
The ambush at Burntollet Bridge had a lasting negative impact, irreparably damaging the credibility and public trust in the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) due to their perceived failure to act.
What was the immediate aftermath of the violence at Burntollet Bridge in Derry City?
Answer: Renewed riots and increased civil unrest.
The violence at Burntollet Bridge was followed by renewed riots and increased civil unrest in Derry City, indicating an escalation of tensions rather than a de-escalation.
What was the reaction of loyalists to the Burntollet Bridge attack?
Answer: They celebrated it as a victory.
Loyalists celebrated the Burntollet Bridge attack, viewing it as a victory and reinforcing their sectarian stance against perceived Catholic 'rebels'.