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Total Categories: 6
The Seleka coalition was primarily composed of Christian militias opposing the Muslim minority.
Answer: False
The Seleka coalition was predominantly composed of Muslim militias, not Christian ones. It formed the basis of the government under President Michel Djotodia.
The Central African Republic Bush War, a precursor conflict, occurred between 2013 and 2014.
Answer: False
The Central African Republic Bush War, a precursor conflict, actually took place from 2004 to 2007, not between 2013 and 2014.
Michel Djotodia led the Anti-balaka coalition during the Central African Republic Bush War.
Answer: False
Michel Djotodia led the Union of Democratic Forces for Unity (UFDR), a precursor to the Seleka coalition, during the Central African Republic Bush War. He did not lead the Anti-balaka coalition, which was composed mainly of Christian militias.
The Séléka alliance conflict in 2012 resulted in the ousting of President François Bozizé.
Answer: True
The Séléka alliance conflict in 2012 culminated in the rebels seizing control of the capital, Bangui, and forcing President François Bozizé to flee the country.
The presence of fighters from Chad and Darfur within the Séléka coalition did not increase the risk of cross-border armed group movement.
Answer: False
The presence of fighters from Chad and Darfur within the Séléka coalition significantly heightened the risk of cross-border armed group movement and the proliferation of small arms in the region.
The term 'Anti-balaka' refers to a peace treaty signed between the Seleka and the government.
Answer: False
The term 'Anti-balaka' translates to 'anti-machete' and refers to the predominantly Christian militias that formed in opposition to the Seleka coalition, not a peace treaty.
Former President François Bozizé formed FROCCA to support the Séléka coalition.
Answer: False
Former President François Bozizé formed FROCCA (Front for the Return of Constitutional Order in the CAR) not to support the Séléka coalition, but rather to highlight their alleged crimes and advocate for his own return to power.
Identify the two principal coalitions that constituted the primary belligerents in the Central African Republic conflict between April 2013 and January 2014.
Answer: The Séléka coalition and the Anti-balaka coalition
The conflict during this period was primarily characterized by the confrontation between the Seleka coalition, largely comprising Muslim militias, and the Anti-balaka coalition, predominantly composed of Christian militias.
What larger conflict did the Central African Republic conflict of 2013-2014 constitute a part of?
Answer: The ongoing Central African Republic Civil War
The conflict from 2013-2014 was an integral part of the broader, ongoing Central African Republic Civil War, which commenced in 2012.
Identify the coalition described as being composed of Muslim militias and central to the conflict under President Djotodia.
Answer: Séléka coalition
The Séléka coalition, predominantly comprising Muslim militias, was central to the conflict and formed the government under President Djotodia.
Characterize the nature of the Anti-balaka coalition.
Answer: A coalition comprising mainly Christian militias
The Anti-balaka coalition was primarily composed of Christian militias that formed in opposition to the Seleka and in response to perceived threats against the Christian population.
What is the translation of the term 'Anti-balaka', and what did it signify in the context of the conflict?
Answer: 'Anti-machete'; referring to Christian militias opposing the Séléka.
The term 'Anti-balaka' translates to 'anti-machete' or 'anti-sword' and signified the predominantly Christian militias that emerged in opposition to the Séléka coalition.
What was the stated purpose of the 'Front for the Return of Constitutional Order in the CAR' (FROCCA)?
Answer: To advocate for the return to power of former President François Bozizé.
FROCCA was formed by former President François Bozizé to highlight the actions and alleged crimes of the Séléka, advocating for his return to power.
The Central African Republic conflict under President Djotodia's administration spanned a duration of approximately one year.
Answer: False
The conflict under President Djotodia's administration lasted from April 13, 2013, to January 10, 2014, which is eight months and twenty-eight days, not approximately one year.
The Séléka coalition officially dissolved in September 2013 and ceased all militia activities immediately.
Answer: False
While the Séléka coalition was officially dissolved in September 2013, many of its constituent militias did not cease activities and continued to engage in violence.
President Djotodia claimed complete control over all armed groups operating in the CAR in December 2013.
Answer: False
In December 2013, President Djotodia did not claim complete control; his statements indicated a partial control, acknowledging that some 'men he can't control are not his men'.
Identify the President of the Central African Republic whose administration was central to the conflict from April 2013 to January 2014.
Answer: Michel Djotodia
Michel Djotodia served as President during the period of April 2013 to January 2014, a time marked by significant conflict.
Despite its official dissolution in September 2013, why did Séléka militias persist as a threat?
Answer: Most constituent militias refused to disband and continued engaging in violence.
Many constituent militias within the Séléka coalition refused to disband following the official dissolution, continuing their violent activities and posing an ongoing threat.
Human Rights Watch reported that Séléka forces committed acts of violence, including killing civilians and destroying villages, between February and June 2013.
Answer: True
Human Rights Watch documented that Séléka forces engaged in violence, including the killing of at least 40 civilians and the destruction of 34 villages, between February and June 2013.
By September 2013, over one million people were internally displaced within the Central African Republic.
Answer: False
By September 2013, the number of internally displaced persons was approximately 400,000, not over one million.
The death toll in Bangui reached over 1,000 people by December 9, 2013, according to Amnesty International.
Answer: True
According to Amnesty International's estimates, the death toll in Bangui by December 9, 2013, may have reached as many as 1,000 people, although official counts were lower.
The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) reported that over 500 civilian deaths occurred during the weekend of December 7-8, 2013.
Answer: True
The ICRC reported that at least 500 people died during the weekend of December 7-8, 2013, and the subsequent week, though this figure did not encompass all casualties.
Ex-Séléka rebels attacked the Amitie hospital on December 8, 2013, targeting injured patients.
Answer: True
On December 8, 2013, ex-Séléka rebels attacked the Amitie hospital, targeting and killing injured patients.
Reports of lynching and cannibalism emerged in international media following the resignations of Djotodia and Tiangaye.
Answer: True
Following the resignations of Djotodia and Tiangaye, international media reported disturbing incidents of lynching and cannibalism amidst the ensuing chaos.
By mid-December 2013, the majority of internally displaced persons in Bangui were seeking refuge near the presidential palace.
Answer: False
By mid-December 2013, a significant number of internally displaced persons in Bangui were seeking refuge near a French military base and the airport, not primarily near the presidential palace.
According to Human Rights Watch, what specific acts of violence were committed by Séléka forces between February and June 2013?
Answer: Killing at least 40 civilians and destroying 34 villages.
Human Rights Watch documented that Séléka forces killed at least 40 civilians and intentionally destroyed 34 villages or towns during the period of February to June 2013.
By September 2013, approximately how many individuals were internally displaced within the Central African Republic?
Answer: Around 400,000
By September 2013, approximately 400,000 people had been internally displaced within the Central African Republic.
What was the estimated death toll in Bangui by December 9, 2013, according to Amnesty International?
Answer: As many as 1,000
According to Amnesty International's estimates, the death toll in Bangui by December 9, 2013, may have reached as many as 1,000 people.
What disturbing reports emerged from Bangui in the aftermath of the resignations of Djotodia and Tiangaye in January 2014?
Answer: Reports of lynching and cannibalism.
Following the resignations of Djotodia and Tiangaye, international media reported disturbing incidents of lynching and cannibalism amidst the ensuing chaos.
In August 2013, the UN Security Council declared the Central African Republic posed no threat to regional stability.
Answer: False
Contrary to the statement, in August 2013, the UN Security Council warned that the Central African Republic posed a 'serious threat' to regional stability due to a complete breakdown in law and order.
In November 2013, the UN warned that the Central African Republic was at risk of descending into genocide.
Answer: True
In November 2013, the United Nations issued a warning that the Central African Republic was facing the risk of genocide and was descending into chaos.
France did not intervene militarily in the Central African Republic until after Djotodia's resignation.
Answer: False
France began its military intervention in December 2013, prior to President Djotodia's resignation in January 2014. French troops engaged in combat operations in early December.
On December 4, 2013, UN Security Council resolution 2122 authorized MISCA peacekeepers to protect civilians.
Answer: True
UN Security Council resolution 2122, passed on December 4, 2013, authorized the deployment of MISCA peacekeepers with the mandate to use all necessary force to protect civilians.
French troops engaged in their first military action by overpowering gunmen near the presidential palace in Bangui.
Answer: False
The first military engagement for French troops occurred near Bangui airport, not the presidential palace, when they overpowered gunmen.
African peacekeepers fired warning shots on December 13, 2013, to deter a mob attacking Muslims seeking refuge in a church.
Answer: True
On December 13, 2013, African peacekeepers discharged warning shots to prevent a mob from attacking Muslims who were seeking sanctuary within a church compound.
Clashes between Chadian and Burundian peacekeepers on December 24, 2013, were caused by a dispute over disarmament procedures.
Answer: True
Clashes between Chadian and Burundian peacekeepers on December 24, 2013, reportedly stemmed from an incident during disarmament procedures involving former rebels.
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) began airlifting foreigners out of the CAR starting January 11, 2014.
Answer: True
Starting January 11, 2014, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) facilitated the airlifting of foreign nationals out of the Central African Republic.
The European Union imposed a ban on arms sales to the CAR in late December 2013.
Answer: True
In late December 2013, the European Union enacted a ban on arms sales to the Central African Republic.
Which international organization issued a warning regarding potential genocide and authorized the African-led International Support Mission (MISCA)?
Answer: The United Nations (UN)
The United Nations (UN) issued warnings about the potential for genocide and authorized the deployment of the African-led International Support Mission to the Central African Republic (MISCA).
Which UN Security Council resolution formally authorized the deployment of MISCA?
Answer: Resolution 2122
UN Security Council resolution 2122, adopted on December 4, 2013, authorized the deployment of the African-led International Support Mission to the Central African Republic (MISCA).
What warning did the UN Security Council issue in August 2013 concerning the Central African Republic?
Answer: That the country posed a 'serious threat' to regional stability due to a breakdown in law and order.
In August 2013, the UN Security Council issued a warning that the Central African Republic posed a 'serious threat' to regional stability due to a complete breakdown in law and order.
How did France characterize the situation in the Central African Republic in November 2013?
Answer: On the verge of genocide
In November 2013, France described the situation in the Central African Republic as being 'on the verge of genocide'.
What specific role did the International Organization for Migration (IOM) undertake beginning January 11, 2014?
Answer: Airlifting foreigners out of the Central African Republic.
Starting January 11, 2014, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) facilitated the airlifting of foreign nationals out of the Central African Republic.
What was President Hollande's stated justification for French military intervention in the CAR?
Answer: To defend human dignity and prevent carnage, avoiding a religious dimension.
President Hollande articulated that the intervention was necessary to prevent carnage, defend human dignity, and avoid the conflict taking on a religious dimension that could lead to civil war.
What message did UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon convey in December 2013 concerning atrocities?
Answer: That the bloodshed must stop and perpetrators would be held accountable.
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon conveyed that the bloodshed must cease and emphasized that perpetrators of atrocities and crimes against humanity would be held accountable, stating 'the world is watching'.
President Michel Djotodia resigned from his position on January 10, 2014, primarily due to pressure exerted by the Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC).
Answer: True
President Michel Djotodia resigned on January 10, 2014, following a CEEAC summit where he faced significant pressure regarding his administration's inability to manage the escalating sectarian violence.
Alexandre-Ferdinand Nguendet immediately succeeded Michel Djotodia as the permanent interim president.
Answer: False
Alexandre-Ferdinand Nguendet served as the caretaker president following Djotodia's resignation, but he was not the permanent interim president; Catherine Samba-Panza was later appointed to that role.
What were the primary reasons for President Michel Djotodia's resignation on January 10, 2014?
Answer: He failed to control escalating sectarian violence and faced pressure at a CEEAC summit.
President Michel Djotodia resigned due to mounting pressure at a CEEAC summit, stemming from his administration's failure to effectively manage the escalating sectarian violence.
Who assumed the role of interim president following Michel Djotodia's resignation and Alexandre-Ferdinand Nguendet's interim tenure?
Answer: Catherine Samba-Panza
After Michel Djotodia's resignation and Alexandre-Ferdinand Nguendet's caretaker role, Catherine Samba-Panza was appointed interim president by the National Transitional Council.
What was the primary timeframe of the Central African Republic conflict during the Djotodia administration?
Answer: April 13, 2013, to January 10, 2014
The conflict directly associated with President Djotodia's administration spanned from April 13, 2013, to his resignation on January 10, 2014.