Export your learner materials as an interactive game, a webpage, or FAQ style cheatsheet.
Unsaved Work Found!
It looks like you have unsaved work from a previous session. Would you like to restore it?
Total Categories: 6
Prior to his ascension as King of Spain, Charles III held the titles of King of Naples and Sicily, not King of Spain.
Answer: True
Charles III first reigned as King of Naples (as Charles VII) and Sicily (as Charles III) from 1735 to 1759, before inheriting the Spanish throne in 1759.
Charles III inherited the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza from his father, Philip V.
Answer: False
Charles III inherited the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza in 1731 following the death of his childless grand-uncle, Antonio Farnese, not from his father, Philip V.
Charles III inherited the Spanish throne directly from his father, Philip V.
Answer: False
Charles III ascended to the Spanish throne in 1759 upon the death of his childless half-brother, Ferdinand VI, not directly from his father, Philip V.
Charles III's mother, Elisabeth Farnese, was a passive figure who had little influence on his early career.
Answer: False
Elisabeth Farnese was a highly influential and ambitious queen consort who actively pursued dynastic goals for her sons, significantly shaping Charles III's early career and securing titles for him.
Charles III formally abdicated the crowns of Naples and Sicily to his eldest son upon becoming King of Spain.
Answer: False
Charles III abdicated the crowns of Naples and Sicily to his third son, Ferdinand, to comply with the stipulations of the Third Treaty of Vienna, which prohibited the union of these crowns with the Spanish throne.
The 'Third Treaty of Vienna' allowed Charles III to unite the crowns of Naples, Sicily, and Spain.
Answer: False
The Third Treaty of Vienna stipulated that Charles III could not unite the Neapolitan and Sicilian crowns with the Spanish throne, necessitating his abdication of Naples and Sicily upon becoming King of Spain.
What were Charles VII's primary titles before becoming King of Spain?
Answer: King of Naples and King of Sicily
Before ascending to the Spanish throne as Charles III, he reigned as Charles VII of Naples and Charles III of Sicily.
Which treaty officially recognized Charles III's claim to the thrones of Naples and Sicily?
Answer: Treaty of Vienna (1738)
The Treaty of Vienna in 1738 formally recognized Charles's claim to the thrones of Naples and Sicily, solidifying his rule after his conquest of the territories.
What was the primary reason Charles III had to abdicate the thrones of Naples and Sicily upon becoming King of Spain?
Answer: A stipulation in the Third Treaty of Vienna
The Third Treaty of Vienna (1738) mandated that the crowns of Naples and Sicily could not be united with the Spanish crown, requiring Charles to abdicate them upon his succession to Spain.
Charles III's political philosophy was primarily characterized by laissez-faire economics and minimal state intervention.
Answer: False
Charles III championed enlightened absolutism and regalism, philosophies that advocated for rational governance and increased royal authority, often involving significant state intervention rather than minimal intervention or laissez-faire economics.
The Bourbon Reforms aimed to decentralize power within the Spanish Empire and increase the autonomy of colonial administrators.
Answer: False
The Bourbon Reforms were designed to centralize power within the Spanish Empire, enhance administrative efficiency, and strengthen royal authority over colonial territories.
The 'Comercio Libre' policy aimed to restrict trade exclusively to Spanish merchants within the empire.
Answer: False
The 'Comercio Libre' policy, implemented under Charles III, aimed to liberalize trade within the Spanish Empire by allowing more ports to trade directly, thereby increasing revenue and countering illicit trade.
The Bourbon Reforms included reorganizing administration and creating a standing military in the Spanish Empire's overseas territories.
Answer: True
The Bourbon Reforms encompassed a wide range of measures, including administrative restructuring, the establishment of new military forces, and efforts to enhance fiscal and economic efficiency across the Spanish Empire.
Charles III's administration increased the sales tax (alcabala) in the colonies from 5% to 2% to stimulate the economy.
Answer: False
Charles III's administration increased the sales tax (alcabala) in the colonies from 2% to 5% as part of efforts to raise revenue for defense and state expenses.
Charles III's reign saw the creation of early forms of chambers of commerce known as 'Economic Societies'.
Answer: True
The reign of Charles III fostered the development of 'Economic Societies,' which functioned as precursors to modern chambers of commerce, promoting economic development and industry.
Charles III's reforms in Naples and Sicily focused on decentralizing governance and reducing royal authority.
Answer: False
Charles III's reforms in Naples and Sicily, consistent with his broader political philosophy, aimed at strengthening royal authority and centralizing governance, not decentralizing it.
What political philosophy did Charles III champion, aiming to modernize states through rational governance and increased royal authority?
Answer: Enlightened absolutism and regalism
Charles III was a proponent of enlightened absolutism, which emphasized rational governance and state modernization, and regalism, which asserted royal authority over ecclesiastical matters.
What was a key objective of the Bourbon Reforms implemented in the Spanish Empire's overseas territories?
Answer: To increase central government control and administrative efficiency
A primary goal of the Bourbon Reforms was to strengthen the Spanish Crown's control over its colonies, improve administrative effectiveness, and enhance revenue collection.
What was the main purpose of the 'Comercio Libre' policy introduced by Charles III?
Answer: To liberalize trade within the empire and increase revenue
'Comercio Libre' sought to stimulate commerce within the Spanish Empire by removing certain trade restrictions, thereby boosting economic activity and state revenue.
Who was the influential minister under Charles III, known for implementing significant administrative changes like 'intendancies' in New Spain?
Answer: José de Gálvez
José de Gálvez, as Minister of the Indies and Inspector General, was instrumental in implementing the 'intendancy' system and other reforms designed to centralize control and improve administration in New Spain.
What was the purpose of the 'Economic Societies' movement supported by Charles III?
Answer: To promote economic development, trade, and industry
The 'Economic Societies' were established to foster economic progress by encouraging agricultural innovation, industrial development, and commercial exchange within Spain and its colonies.
The Bourbon Reforms included measures to strengthen defenses and facilitate trade. Which specific policy aimed to stimulate commerce within the empire and counter smuggling?
Answer: The 'Comercio Libre' policy
The 'Comercio Libre' policy was enacted to liberalize trade regulations within the Spanish Empire, aiming to boost legitimate commerce and reduce reliance on illicit trade networks.
The Esquilache Riots were primarily caused by a shortage of grain in Madrid.
Answer: False
The Esquilache Riots of 1766 were primarily triggered by Charles III's attempt to enforce a new dress code, although underlying discontent with the minister Marquis of Esquilache and his reforms also contributed.
Charles III actively encouraged the expansion of Freemasonry throughout his Spanish territories.
Answer: False
Despite the presence of Freemasons in his court, Charles III was a devout Catholic and actively persecuted the organization, issuing edicts prohibiting Freemasonry.
The expulsion of the Jesuits from the Spanish Empire was primarily motivated by their refusal to pay taxes.
Answer: False
The expulsion of the Jesuits was motivated by a complex interplay of factors, including perceived political influence, loyalty concerns, and Charles III's broader regalist agenda to assert state authority over the Church, not primarily by tax issues.
The 'Pragmatic Penalty of 1767' was a royal decree issued by Charles III that formalized the expulsion of the Jesuits from Spain and its empire.
Answer: True
The 'Pragmatic Penalty of 1767' was the specific royal decree through which Charles III ordered the expulsion of the Society of Jesus from his territories, a key element of his regalist policies.
Charles III's reign saw the implementation of the 'Spanish Black Codes' to regulate slave populations and boost agriculture.
Answer: True
The 'Spanish Black Codes,' such as the 'Código Negro Carolino,' were enacted during Charles III's reign to regulate slave populations and stratify social order, particularly in colonies like Santo Domingo, with the aim of increasing productivity.
Charles III's policies aimed to increase the power and influence of the Church within the Spanish state.
Answer: False
Charles III pursued regalist policies designed to assert state authority over the Church, which often involved limiting clerical privileges and reducing the Church's influence in state affairs.
The Esquilache Riots of 1766 were primarily triggered by a dispute over what issue?
Answer: The enforcement of a new dress code
The immediate catalyst for the Esquilache Riots was the royal decree mandating changes in traditional attire, which was perceived as an infringement on custom and liberty.
How did Charles III view Freemasonry during his reign?
Answer: He persecuted it despite its presence in his court.
Charles III maintained a stance of persecution against Freemasonry, issuing prohibitions and aligning with papal directives against the organization, even as some members of his court may have been affiliated.
Which of the following was a key reform enacted by Charles III in Spain, reflecting his regalist policies?
Answer: Expelling the Jesuits and limiting Church power
The expulsion of the Jesuits and other measures aimed at curbing ecclesiastical privileges were central to Charles III's regalist agenda, which prioritized state sovereignty over Church influence.
The 'Spanish Black Codes', such as the 'Código Negro Carolino', were primarily intended to:
Answer: Regulate slave populations and stratify social order in colonies like Santo Domingo
These codes were legal instruments designed to codify and control the status of enslaved populations and free people of color, thereby structuring labor relations and social hierarchy within colonial territories.
The 'Pragmatic Penalty of 1767' was the royal decree that formalized which major action by Charles III?
Answer: The expulsion of the Jesuits from Spain and its empire
The 'Pragmatic Penalty of 1767' was the formal decree issued by Charles III to enact the expulsion of the Jesuit order from Spain and its overseas territories.
Charles III's efforts to assert state authority over the Church are best described as:
Answer: Regalism
Regalism was the political doctrine and practice employed by Charles III, asserting the supremacy of royal authority over ecclesiastical matters and the Church's temporal affairs.
Charles III supported the American Revolution primarily to spread the ideals of republicanism to the Americas.
Answer: False
Charles III supported the American revolutionaries for strategic geopolitical reasons, primarily to weaken Great Britain, rather than to promote republican ideals.
The 'Family Compact' of 1761 was an alliance between Spain and Austria to counter British naval power.
Answer: False
The 'Family Compact' of 1761 was an alliance between Bourbon Spain and Bourbon France, designed to counter the growing global power of Great Britain.
In the Treaty of Paris (1763), Spain gained Florida from Great Britain.
Answer: False
In the Treaty of Paris (1763), Spain ceded Florida to Great Britain. This concession was made in exchange for the return of Havana and Manila, which had been captured by the British.
The Falklands Crisis of 1770 ended with Spain successfully asserting its claim over the islands against Great Britain.
Answer: False
During the Falklands Crisis of 1770, Spain was compelled to retreat and relinquish its claim after expelling the British garrison, highlighting its diplomatic and military limitations against Great Britain at that time.
What territorial gain did Spain achieve as a result of its involvement in the American Revolutionary War?
Answer: The recovery of Menorca and West Florida
Spain's participation in the American Revolutionary War led to the recovery of Menorca and West Florida, as confirmed by the Treaty of Paris (1783).
The 'Family Compact' signed in 1761 established an alliance primarily between which two European powers?
Answer: Spain and France
The 'Family Compact' was a pact of alliance between the Bourbon monarchies of Spain and France, aimed at mutual support and countering shared adversaries.
What was the main outcome for Spain in the Treaty of Paris (1763) ending the Seven Years' War?
Answer: Spain ceded Florida but received Havana and Manila back.
In the Treaty of Paris (1763), Spain ceded Florida to Britain but regained Havana and Manila, which had been captured by the British during the war. Spain also received French Louisiana.
Which territory did Spain cede to Great Britain in the Treaty of Paris (1763)?
Answer: Florida
As part of the Treaty of Paris (1763) concluding the Seven Years' War, Spain ceded the territory of Florida to Great Britain.
What was the 'Family Compact' of 1761 primarily intended to counter?
Answer: British global power
The alliance between Spain and France, known as the 'Family Compact,' was strategically formed to counterbalance the expanding influence and military might of Great Britain.
Which of the following was a territorial concession made by Spain in the Treaty of El Pardo (1778)?
Answer: Spain conceded that Portuguese Brazil had expanded westward.
The Treaty of El Pardo (1778) involved Spain acknowledging the westward expansion of Portuguese Brazil beyond previously established boundaries, in exchange for other territorial adjustments.
Charles III was known for his extensive construction projects, including the Palace of Versailles.
Answer: False
While Charles III initiated significant construction projects, such as the Royal Palace of Caserta in Naples and various improvements in Madrid, the Palace of Versailles is located in France and was constructed by Louis XIV.
Charles III played a role in establishing Spain's national anthem, the 'Marcha Real'.
Answer: True
Charles III declared the 'Marcha Real' as the official national anthem of Spain in 1770, contributing to the consolidation of national symbols.
Charles III encouraged the excavation of ancient Roman sites like Herculaneum and Pompeii.
Answer: True
Charles III was a significant patron of archaeology and actively encouraged the systematic excavation of ancient Roman sites, including Herculaneum starting in 1738 and Pompeii in 1748.
Charles III's personal interests included painting, etching, and a strong passion for hunting.
Answer: True
Charles III possessed diverse interests, including artistic pursuits like etching and painting, alongside a notable passion for hunting, which was a favorite pastime.
Charles III was instrumental in founding the Prado Museum in Madrid.
Answer: True
Charles III supported the construction of buildings that would later house major art collections, including those that evolved into the Museo del Prado, thus playing a foundational role in its establishment.
Charles III is credited with choosing the design elements for which national symbol of Spain?
Answer: The current flag of Spain
Charles III is credited with selecting the distinctive red and yellow colors and design for the current flag of Spain, aiming for a visually distinct national ensign.
Which of the following was a significant achievement of Charles III's rule in Naples and Sicily?
Answer: Recreating a sense of 'Neapolitan nation' and establishing an independent kingdom
Charles III's reign in Naples and Sicily is noted for fostering a distinct Neapolitan identity and establishing a sovereign kingdom, marked by administrative reforms and cultural patronage.
What role did Charles III play regarding the 'Marcha Real'?
Answer: He declared it the official national anthem of Spain.
Charles III officially designated the 'Marcha Real' as the national anthem of Spain in 1770, contributing to the development of unified national symbols.
What personal hobby was noted as Charles III's favorite pastime?
Answer: Hunting
Charles III was known to have a strong passion for hunting, which was considered his favorite pastime.
Charles III's reign is considered the period when Spain reached the lowest point of its imperial power.
Answer: False
Charles III's reign is often regarded as the 'apogee of empire,' representing a high point of Spanish imperial power and influence, characterized by significant reforms and renewed vigor.
Charles III's reign is often associated with the 'apogee of empire,' representing a high point of Spanish imperial power.
Answer: True
Historians frequently characterize Charles III's reign as the zenith of Spanish imperial power, a period marked by significant reforms and a resurgence of influence, often referred to as the 'apogee of empire'.