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The History and Evolution of Encyclopæedia Britannica

At a Glance

Title: The History and Evolution of Encyclopæedia Britannica

Total Categories: 6

Category Stats

  • Founding and Early Development (1768-1900): 7 flashcards, 8 questions
  • 20th Century Ownership and Expansion: 11 flashcards, 14 questions
  • Key Editions and Structural Innovations: 4 flashcards, 7 questions
  • The Digital Transition and Modern Era (1990s-Present): 8 flashcards, 13 questions
  • Associated Publications and Entities: 4 flashcards, 8 questions
  • General Identification and Core Facts: 6 flashcards, 2 questions

Total Stats

  • Total Flashcards: 40
  • True/False Questions: 28
  • Multiple Choice Questions: 24
  • Total Questions: 52

Instructions

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Welcome to Your Curriculum Command Center

This guide will turn you into a Wiki2web Studio power user. Let's unlock the features designed to give you back your weekends.

The Core Concept: What is a "Kit"?

Think of a Kit as your all-in-one digital lesson plan. It's a single, portable file that contains every piece of content for a topic: your subject categories, a central image, all your flashcards, and all your questions. The true power of the Studio is speed—once a kit is made (or you import one), you are just minutes away from printing an entire set of coursework.

Getting Started is Simple:

  • Create New Kit: Start with a clean slate. Perfect for a brand-new lesson idea.
  • Import & Edit Existing Kit: Load a .json kit file from your computer to continue your work or to modify a kit created by a colleague.
  • Restore Session: The Studio automatically saves your progress in your browser. If you get interrupted, you can restore your unsaved work with one click.

Step 1: Laying the Foundation (The Authoring Tools)

This is where you build the core knowledge of your Kit. Use the left-side navigation panel to switch between these powerful authoring modules.

⚙️ Kit Manager: Your Kit's Identity

This is the high-level control panel for your project.

  • Kit Name: Give your Kit a clear title. This will appear on all your printed materials.
  • Master Image: Upload a custom cover image for your Kit. This is essential for giving your content a professional visual identity, and it's used as the main graphic when you export your Kit as an interactive game.
  • Topics: Create the structure for your lesson. Add topics like "Chapter 1," "Vocabulary," or "Key Formulas." All flashcards and questions will be organized under these topics.

🃏 Flashcard Author: Building the Knowledge Blocks

Flashcards are the fundamental concepts of your Kit. Create them here to define terms, list facts, or pose simple questions.

  • Click "➕ Add New Flashcard" to open the editor.
  • Fill in the term/question and the definition/answer.
  • Assign the flashcard to one of your pre-defined topics.
  • To edit or remove a flashcard, simply use the ✏️ (Edit) or ❌ (Delete) icons next to any entry in the list.

✍️ Question Author: Assessing Understanding

Create a bank of questions to test knowledge. These questions are the engine for your worksheets and exams.

  • Click "➕ Add New Question".
  • Choose a Type: True/False for quick checks or Multiple Choice for more complex assessments.
  • To edit an existing question, click the ✏️ icon. You can change the question text, options, correct answer, and explanation at any time.
  • The Explanation field is a powerful tool: the text you enter here will automatically appear on the teacher's answer key and on the Smart Study Guide, providing instant feedback.

🔗 Intelligent Mapper: The Smart Connection

This is the secret sauce of the Studio. The Mapper transforms your content from a simple list into an interconnected web of knowledge, automating the creation of amazing study guides.

  • Step 1: Select a question from the list on the left.
  • Step 2: In the right panel, click on every flashcard that contains a concept required to answer that question. They will turn green, indicating a successful link.
  • The Payoff: When you generate a Smart Study Guide, these linked flashcards will automatically appear under each question as "Related Concepts."

Step 2: The Magic (The Generator Suite)

You've built your content. Now, with a few clicks, turn it into a full suite of professional, ready-to-use materials. What used to take hours of formatting and copying-and-pasting can now be done in seconds.

🎓 Smart Study Guide Maker

Instantly create the ultimate review document. It combines your questions, the correct answers, your detailed explanations, and all the "Related Concepts" you linked in the Mapper into one cohesive, printable guide.

📝 Worksheet & 📄 Exam Builder

Generate unique assessments every time. The questions and multiple-choice options are randomized automatically. Simply select your topics, choose how many questions you need, and generate:

  • A Student Version, clean and ready for quizzing.
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🖨️ Flashcard Printer

Forget wrestling with table layouts in a word processor. Select a topic, choose a cards-per-page layout, and instantly generate perfectly formatted, print-ready flashcard sheets.

Step 3: Saving and Collaborating

  • 💾 Export & Save Kit: This is your primary save function. It downloads the entire Kit (content, images, and all) to your computer as a single .json file. Use this to create permanent backups and share your work with others.
  • ➕ Import & Merge Kit: Combine your work. You can merge a colleague's Kit into your own or combine two of your lessons into a larger review Kit.

You're now ready to reclaim your time.

You're not just a teacher; you're a curriculum designer, and this is your Studio.

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Study Guide: The History and Evolution of Encyclopæedia Britannica

Study Guide: The History and Evolution of Encyclopæedia Britannica

Founding and Early Development (1768-1900)

Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. was originally founded in the United States.

Answer: False

The Encyclopæedia Britannica was initially founded in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1768, not in the United States.

Related Concepts:

  • When and in what geographical location was Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. initially established?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. was founded in 1768 in Edinburgh, Scotland, during the period commonly referred to as the Scottish Enlightenment.
  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.
  • What specific role did Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell play in the foundational establishment of the Encyclopæedia Britannica?: Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell were the founders who initiated the first edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1768 in Edinburgh, Scotland.

William Smellie was responsible for the initial founding and establishment of the Encyclopæedia Britannica.

Answer: False

While William Smellie was instrumental in compiling the majority of the articles for the first edition, the Encyclopæedia Britannica was founded by Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell.

Related Concepts:

  • Who was tasked with compiling the predominant portion of the articles for the inaugural edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica?: William Smellie was engaged by Macfarquhar and Bell to compile the majority of the articles for the first edition of the encyclopedia.

Archibald Constable published both the fifth and sixth editions of the Encyclopæedia Britannica.

Answer: True

Archibald Constable, an Edinburgh-based publisher, was indeed responsible for publishing the fifth and sixth editions of the Encyclopæedia Britannica.

Related Concepts:

  • Which Edinburgh-based publisher was responsible for the publication of the fifth and sixth editions of the encyclopedia?: Archibald Constable, an Edinburgh-based publisher, was responsible for publishing the fifth and sixth editions of the Encyclopæedia Britannica.
  • Following the demise of Archibald Constable, which entity acquired the copyrights pertaining to the Encyclopæedia Britannica?: Following Archibald Constable's death in 1827, A & C Black Ltd. purchased the copyrights to the encyclopedia at an auction.

A & C Black Ltd. acquired the copyrights for the Encyclopæedia Britannica after Archibald Constable's death.

Answer: True

Following Archibald Constable's death in 1827, A & C Black Ltd. purchased the copyrights to the encyclopedia at an auction.

Related Concepts:

  • Following the demise of Archibald Constable, which entity acquired the copyrights pertaining to the Encyclopæedia Britannica?: Following Archibald Constable's death in 1827, A & C Black Ltd. purchased the copyrights to the encyclopedia at an auction.
  • Which Edinburgh-based publisher was responsible for the publication of the fifth and sixth editions of the encyclopedia?: Archibald Constable, an Edinburgh-based publisher, was responsible for publishing the fifth and sixth editions of the Encyclopæedia Britannica.

The first edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica was published in the 20th century.

Answer: False

The first edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica was published in the 18th century, specifically in 1768.

Related Concepts:

  • At what point did Encyclopæedia Britannica discontinue its print editions, and which installment constituted the final print version?: After 244 years of publication, Encyclopæedia Britannica ended its print editions in 2012. The 32 volumes of the 2010 installment marked the last print version, with all subsequent editions being published exclusively online.
  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.
  • When and in what geographical location was Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. initially established?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. was founded in 1768 in Edinburgh, Scotland, during the period commonly referred to as the Scottish Enlightenment.

Who were the original founders credited with initiating the first edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica?

Answer: Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell

Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell are credited as the founders who initiated the first edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1768.

Related Concepts:

  • What specific role did Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell play in the foundational establishment of the Encyclopæedia Britannica?: Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell were the founders who initiated the first edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1768 in Edinburgh, Scotland.
  • When and in what geographical location was Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. initially established?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. was founded in 1768 in Edinburgh, Scotland, during the period commonly referred to as the Scottish Enlightenment.
  • Identify the principal individuals credited with the founding of Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.: The company was founded by Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell, who initiated the first edition of the encyclopedia in 1768.

In which city and country was the Encyclopæedia Britannica first established?

Answer: Edinburgh, Scotland

The Encyclopæedia Britannica was first established in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1768.

Related Concepts:

  • When and in what geographical location was Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. initially established?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. was founded in 1768 in Edinburgh, Scotland, during the period commonly referred to as the Scottish Enlightenment.
  • What specific role did Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell play in the foundational establishment of the Encyclopæedia Britannica?: Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell were the founders who initiated the first edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1768 in Edinburgh, Scotland.
  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.

Which publisher took over the copyrights of the Encyclopæedia Britannica after Archibald Constable's death in 1827?

Answer: A & C Black Ltd.

Following Archibald Constable's death in 1827, A & C Black Ltd. acquired the copyrights for the Encyclopæedia Britannica.

Related Concepts:

  • Which Edinburgh-based publisher was responsible for the publication of the fifth and sixth editions of the encyclopedia?: Archibald Constable, an Edinburgh-based publisher, was responsible for publishing the fifth and sixth editions of the Encyclopæedia Britannica.
  • Following the demise of Archibald Constable, which entity acquired the copyrights pertaining to the Encyclopæedia Britannica?: Following Archibald Constable's death in 1827, A & C Black Ltd. purchased the copyrights to the encyclopedia at an auction.
  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.

20th Century Ownership and Expansion

Horace E. Hooper and Walter M. Jackson acquired the copyrights to the Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1901.

Answer: True

In 1901, Horace E. Hooper and Walter M. Jackson purchased all copyrights for the Encyclopæedia Britannica from A & C Black Ltd.

Related Concepts:

  • Describe the transition of ownership for the Encyclopæedia Britannica from A & C Black Ltd. to Horace E. Hooper and Walter M. Jackson.: A & C Black Ltd. published the encyclopedia for approximately 70 years after acquiring the copyrights in 1827. In 1901, Horace E. Hooper and Walter M. Jackson purchased all copyrights from A & C Black Ltd.

Sears Roebuck initially made a significant profit when they first bought Encyclopæedia Britannica outright.

Answer: False

Sears bought Britannica outright in 1920 but reported a financial loss of $1.8 million within the first three years of ownership.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the financial result for Sears Roebuck during the period of its initial outright ownership of Britannica?: Sears bought Britannica outright in 1920, but after only three years, the company reported a financial loss of $1.8 million.
  • In what manner did the University of Chicago become associated with Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. in 1941?: In 1941, Sears gifted Britannica to the University of Chicago. However, the university felt unable to manage the company.
  • Describe the evolution of Sears Roebuck's ownership of Britannica following the initial purchase and subsequent divestiture.: After selling the company back in 1923, Sears ended up financing the fourteenth edition and consequently resumed ownership of Britannica in 1928.

Sears Roebuck discontinued door-to-door sales representatives for Britannica in 1932.

Answer: False

In 1932, Sears Roebuck restructured Britannica's sales approach by discontinuing retail outlet sales and establishing a network of door-to-door sales representatives and convention booths.

Related Concepts:

  • What modifications were implemented by Sears in Britannica's sales strategy during 1932?: In 1932, Sears restructured Britannica's sales approach, discontinuing sales through their retail outlets and instead establishing a network of sales representatives who conducted door-to-door sales and operated booths at conventions and shopping centers.
  • What was the financial result for Sears Roebuck during the period of its initial outright ownership of Britannica?: Sears bought Britannica outright in 1920, but after only three years, the company reported a financial loss of $1.8 million.
  • Describe the evolution of Sears Roebuck's ownership of Britannica following the initial purchase and subsequent divestiture.: After selling the company back in 1923, Sears ended up financing the fourteenth edition and consequently resumed ownership of Britannica in 1928.

The University of Chicago accepted full management responsibility for Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. after Sears gifted it the company.

Answer: False

Although Sears gifted Britannica to the University of Chicago in 1941, the university declined full management responsibility, citing an inability to manage the company's operations.

Related Concepts:

  • In what manner did the University of Chicago become associated with Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. in 1941?: In 1941, Sears gifted Britannica to the University of Chicago. However, the university felt unable to manage the company.
  • As depicted in the accompanying image, where is the current headquarters of Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. situated?: The image shows the headquarters of Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. located in the Reid, Murdoch & Co. Building in Chicago.
  • Describe the evolution of Sears Roebuck's ownership of Britannica following the initial purchase and subsequent divestiture.: After selling the company back in 1923, Sears ended up financing the fourteenth edition and consequently resumed ownership of Britannica in 1928.

William Benton acquired all of Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.'s stock, becoming the sole owner.

Answer: True

William Benton initially acquired two-thirds of the company's stock and subsequently purchased the remaining third, thereby becoming the sole owner.

Related Concepts:

  • Beyond its flagship encyclopedia, what other significant publishing entities were acquired by Encyclopæedia Britannica during the tenure of the Benton family's ownership?: During the Benton family's stewardship, Encyclopæedia Britannica acquired Merriam-Webster in 1964 and Compton's Encyclopedia in the early 1960s.

During the Benton family's ownership, Merriam-Webster was acquired before Compton's Encyclopedia.

Answer: False

During the Benton family's ownership, Compton's Encyclopedia was acquired in the early 1960s, followed by Merriam-Webster in 1964. Therefore, Compton's was acquired first.

Related Concepts:

  • Beyond its flagship encyclopedia, what other significant publishing entities were acquired by Encyclopæedia Britannica during the tenure of the Benton family's ownership?: During the Benton family's stewardship, Encyclopæedia Britannica acquired Merriam-Webster in 1964 and Compton's Encyclopedia in the early 1960s.
  • In addition to its flagship encyclopedia, what other notable American publishing entity is owned by Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.?: In addition to the Encyclopæedia Britannica, the company also owns Merriam-Webster, a prominent American publisher of dictionaries.

Robert P. Gwinn divided Encyclopæedia Britannica's operations into Britannica USA and Britannica International.

Answer: True

Following William Benton's death, Robert P. Gwinn, who succeeded him as publisher and chairman in 1974, divided the company's operations into Britannica USA and Britannica International.

Related Concepts:

  • Subsequent to William Benton's passing, who assumed leadership, and what alterations were made to the company's operational structure?: Robert P. Gwinn succeeded Benton as publisher and chairman in 1974. He divided the company's operations into two distinct entities: Britannica USA and Britannica International.

Who acquired the copyrights in 1901 and oversaw the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth editions as editor?

Answer: Hugh Chisholm

Horace E. Hooper and Walter M. Jackson acquired the copyrights in 1901, and Hugh Chisholm served as the editor for the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth editions.

Related Concepts:

  • Who assumed control of the copyrights for the Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1901, and who subsequently served as the editor for the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth editions?: In 1901, Horace E. Hooper and Walter M. Jackson acquired all copyrights. Hugh Chisholm then served as the editor for the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth editions.
  • What was the significance of the 'Handy Volume' edition that was marketed by Sears?: The 'Handy Volume' edition was a less expensive version of the eleventh edition that Sears Roebuck agreed to market in 1915, making it accessible to middle-class buyers.

What was Sears Roebuck's initial strategy regarding the Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1915?

Answer: They began marketing a more affordable version of the eleventh edition.

In 1915, Sears Roebuck agreed to market a more affordable version of the eleventh edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, targeting middle-class consumers.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the financial result for Sears Roebuck during the period of its initial outright ownership of Britannica?: Sears bought Britannica outright in 1920, but after only three years, the company reported a financial loss of $1.8 million.
  • Describe the evolution of Sears Roebuck's ownership of Britannica following the initial purchase and subsequent divestiture.: After selling the company back in 1923, Sears ended up financing the fourteenth edition and consequently resumed ownership of Britannica in 1928.
  • In what manner did the University of Chicago become associated with Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. in 1941?: In 1941, Sears gifted Britannica to the University of Chicago. However, the university felt unable to manage the company.

How did Sears Roebuck fare financially during its initial period of outright ownership of Britannica (1920-1923)?

Answer: They reported a financial loss of $1.8 million.

During its initial period of outright ownership from 1920 to 1923, Sears Roebuck reported a financial loss of $1.8 million on its investment in Britannica.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the financial result for Sears Roebuck during the period of its initial outright ownership of Britannica?: Sears bought Britannica outright in 1920, but after only three years, the company reported a financial loss of $1.8 million.
  • Describe the evolution of Sears Roebuck's ownership of Britannica following the initial purchase and subsequent divestiture.: After selling the company back in 1923, Sears ended up financing the fourteenth edition and consequently resumed ownership of Britannica in 1928.
  • In what manner did the University of Chicago become associated with Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. in 1941?: In 1941, Sears gifted Britannica to the University of Chicago. However, the university felt unable to manage the company.

What significant change occurred in Britannica's sales strategy in 1932 under Sears Roebuck?

Answer: Door-to-door sales and convention booths replaced retail outlet sales.

In 1932, Sears Roebuck shifted Britannica's sales strategy by discontinuing sales through retail outlets and establishing a network of door-to-door sales representatives and convention booths.

Related Concepts:

  • What modifications were implemented by Sears in Britannica's sales strategy during 1932?: In 1932, Sears restructured Britannica's sales approach, discontinuing sales through their retail outlets and instead establishing a network of sales representatives who conducted door-to-door sales and operated booths at conventions and shopping centers.
  • What was the financial result for Sears Roebuck during the period of its initial outright ownership of Britannica?: Sears bought Britannica outright in 1920, but after only three years, the company reported a financial loss of $1.8 million.
  • Describe the evolution of Sears Roebuck's ownership of Britannica following the initial purchase and subsequent divestiture.: After selling the company back in 1923, Sears ended up financing the fourteenth edition and consequently resumed ownership of Britannica in 1928.

Why did the University of Chicago decline to manage Encyclopæedia Britannica after receiving it as a gift in 1941?

Answer: They felt unable to manage the company's operations.

The University of Chicago declined to manage Encyclopæedia Britannica after receiving it as a gift in 1941 because they believed they were unable to effectively manage the company's operations.

Related Concepts:

  • In what manner did the University of Chicago become associated with Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. in 1941?: In 1941, Sears gifted Britannica to the University of Chicago. However, the university felt unable to manage the company.

What action did William Benton take regarding Encyclopæedia Britannica's ownership?

Answer: He acquired two-thirds of the company's stock and later the rest.

William Benton acquired two-thirds of Encyclopæedia Britannica's stock and subsequently purchased the remaining third, thereby becoming its sole owner.

Related Concepts:

  • Beyond its flagship encyclopedia, what other significant publishing entities were acquired by Encyclopæedia Britannica during the tenure of the Benton family's ownership?: During the Benton family's stewardship, Encyclopæedia Britannica acquired Merriam-Webster in 1964 and Compton's Encyclopedia in the early 1960s.

Which two other major encyclopedic or dictionary publishers were acquired by Encyclopæedia Britannica during the Benton family's ownership period?

Answer: Merriam-Webster and Compton's Encyclopedia

During the Benton family's ownership, Encyclopæedia Britannica acquired Merriam-Webster in 1964 and Compton's Encyclopedia in the early 1960s.

Related Concepts:

  • Beyond its flagship encyclopedia, what other significant publishing entities were acquired by Encyclopæedia Britannica during the tenure of the Benton family's ownership?: During the Benton family's stewardship, Encyclopæedia Britannica acquired Merriam-Webster in 1964 and Compton's Encyclopedia in the early 1960s.
  • In addition to its flagship encyclopedia, what other notable American publishing entity is owned by Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.?: In addition to the Encyclopæedia Britannica, the company also owns Merriam-Webster, a prominent American publisher of dictionaries.
  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.

Key Editions and Structural Innovations

The ninth edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica was noted for its limited scope and lack of contributions from notable figures.

Answer: False

The ninth edition (1875) is recognized for its expanded scope and the inclusion of contributions from prominent scholars and figures in various fields, distinguishing it for its scholarship.

Related Concepts:

  • Describe the Britannica Global Edition released in 2009, including its contents.: The Britannica Global Edition, printed in 2009, comprised 30 volumes and included over 40,000 articles along with 8,500 photographs.
  • Prior to the introduction of Britannica 3, what was the typical structural organization of the Encyclopæedia Britannica's content?: Before the fifteenth edition (Britannica 3), the encyclopedia was published in a more traditional, single-volume or multi-volume format, with editions like the ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth preceding the major structural changes of Britannica 3.
  • At what point did Encyclopæedia Britannica discontinue its print editions, and which installment constituted the final print version?: After 244 years of publication, Encyclopæedia Britannica ended its print editions in 2012. The 32 volumes of the 2010 installment marked the last print version, with all subsequent editions being published exclusively online.

Britannica 3, published in 1974, consisted of a single volume containing all the encyclopedia's content.

Answer: False

Britannica 3, published in 1974, was structured into three distinct parts: the Micropædia, the Macropædia, and the Propædia, comprising multiple volumes, not a single volume.

Related Concepts:

  • Describe the structural organization of the fifteenth edition of the encyclopedia, designated as Britannica 3.: The fifteenth edition, Britannica 3, published in 1974, was structured into three main parts: a ten-volume Micropædia, a nineteen-volume Macropædia, and a single-volume guide to its use called the Propædia. A two-volume index and other refinements were added in 1985.
  • Prior to the introduction of Britannica 3, what was the typical structural organization of the Encyclopæedia Britannica's content?: Before the fifteenth edition (Britannica 3), the encyclopedia was published in a more traditional, single-volume or multi-volume format, with editions like the ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth preceding the major structural changes of Britannica 3.
  • Describe the Britannica Global Edition released in 2009, including its contents.: The Britannica Global Edition, printed in 2009, comprised 30 volumes and included over 40,000 articles along with 8,500 photographs.

The Britannica Global Edition, released in 2009, contained approximately 40,000 articles.

Answer: True

The Britannica Global Edition, published in 2009, comprised 30 volumes and included over 40,000 articles.

Related Concepts:

  • Describe the Britannica Global Edition released in 2009, including its contents.: The Britannica Global Edition, printed in 2009, comprised 30 volumes and included over 40,000 articles along with 8,500 photographs.
  • At what point did Encyclopæedia Britannica discontinue its print editions, and which installment constituted the final print version?: After 244 years of publication, Encyclopæedia Britannica ended its print editions in 2012. The 32 volumes of the 2010 installment marked the last print version, with all subsequent editions being published exclusively online.

The structure of Britannica 3 included a Micropædia, Macropædia, and Propædia.

Answer: True

The fifteenth edition, known as Britannica 3, was indeed structured into three main components: the Micropædia, the Macropædia, and the Propædia.

Related Concepts:

  • Describe the structural organization of the fifteenth edition of the encyclopedia, designated as Britannica 3.: The fifteenth edition, Britannica 3, published in 1974, was structured into three main parts: a ten-volume Micropædia, a nineteen-volume Macropædia, and a single-volume guide to its use called the Propædia. A two-volume index and other refinements were added in 1985.
  • Prior to the introduction of Britannica 3, what was the typical structural organization of the Encyclopæedia Britannica's content?: Before the fifteenth edition (Britannica 3), the encyclopedia was published in a more traditional, single-volume or multi-volume format, with editions like the ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth preceding the major structural changes of Britannica 3.
  • What aspect of the early history of the Encyclopæedia Britannica is depicted in the provided image?: The image shows the front page of volume 3 of the 1778 edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, illustrating the publication's early format.

What was a key characteristic of the ninth edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica?

Answer: It incorporated contributions from prominent scholars and expanded its scope.

The ninth edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica is distinguished by its expanded scope and the inclusion of contributions from prominent scholars across various disciplines, earning recognition for its high level of scholarship.

Related Concepts:

  • Describe the Britannica Global Edition released in 2009, including its contents.: The Britannica Global Edition, printed in 2009, comprised 30 volumes and included over 40,000 articles along with 8,500 photographs.
  • Prior to the introduction of Britannica 3, what was the typical structural organization of the Encyclopæedia Britannica's content?: Before the fifteenth edition (Britannica 3), the encyclopedia was published in a more traditional, single-volume or multi-volume format, with editions like the ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth preceding the major structural changes of Britannica 3.
  • What were the distinguishing characteristics of the ninth edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, particularly concerning its content and the caliber of its contributors?: Beginning with the ninth edition in 1875, the scope of topics covered was expanded by incorporating contributions from prominent figures in literature, the social sciences, and the scientific community. This edition has been recognized for its exceptional scholarship.

How was the fifteenth edition, Britannica 3, organized?

Answer: A Micropædia, Macropædia, and a Propædia guide.

The fifteenth edition, Britannica 3, was organized into three primary components: the Micropædia, the Macropædia, and the Propædia, which served as a guide to the encyclopedia's use.

Related Concepts:

  • Describe the structural organization of the fifteenth edition of the encyclopedia, designated as Britannica 3.: The fifteenth edition, Britannica 3, published in 1974, was structured into three main parts: a ten-volume Micropædia, a nineteen-volume Macropædia, and a single-volume guide to its use called the Propædia. A two-volume index and other refinements were added in 1985.
  • Prior to the introduction of Britannica 3, what was the typical structural organization of the Encyclopæedia Britannica's content?: Before the fifteenth edition (Britannica 3), the encyclopedia was published in a more traditional, single-volume or multi-volume format, with editions like the ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth preceding the major structural changes of Britannica 3.

What was the primary function of the Propædia within the Britannica 3 structure?

Answer: It was a guide to the use of the encyclopedia.

Within the Britannica 3 structure, the Propædia served as a guide intended to facilitate the use and understanding of the encyclopedia's content.

Related Concepts:

  • Describe the structural organization of the fifteenth edition of the encyclopedia, designated as Britannica 3.: The fifteenth edition, Britannica 3, published in 1974, was structured into three main parts: a ten-volume Micropædia, a nineteen-volume Macropædia, and a single-volume guide to its use called the Propædia. A two-volume index and other refinements were added in 1985.

The Digital Transition and Modern Era (1990s-Present)

Sales figures for Encyclopæedia Britannica saw a substantial increase in the early 1990s.

Answer: False

Sales figures for Encyclopæedia Britannica experienced a significant slump in the early 1990s, leading to a decline rather than an increase.

Related Concepts:

  • According to the provided text, what was the principal factor contributing to the decline in print encyclopedia sales during the 1990s?: The text indicates a significant slump in sales from 1990 to 1994, with sales continuing to decline afterward. This trend forced the company to close a substantial portion of its sales offices, suggesting a market shift away from print encyclopedias.
  • What trajectory did sales figures for Encyclopæedia Britannica follow during the early 1990s?: While nearly 120,000 encyclopedias were sold in the United States in 1990, leading to $650 million in sales, the figures slumped significantly by 1994, with only 51,000 sets sold in the US. Sales continued to decline thereafter, prompting the closure of over 70 percent of the company's sales offices.
  • In what year did an investment group spearheaded by Jacob E. Safra acquire Encyclopæedia Britannica, and what were the immediate repercussions of this acquisition?: In 1996, Encyclopæedia Britannica was acquired by an investment group headed by Jacob E. Safra. Following the acquisition, the company underwent restructuring, which included laying off over 120 employees, including top executives, and dissolving the home sales force, resulting in the job loss of an additional 140 people and 300 independent contractors.

An investment group led by Jacob E. Safra acquired Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1996.

Answer: True

In 1996, an investment group headed by Jacob E. Safra acquired Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.

Related Concepts:

  • In what year did an investment group spearheaded by Jacob E. Safra acquire Encyclopæedia Britannica, and what were the immediate repercussions of this acquisition?: In 1996, Encyclopæedia Britannica was acquired by an investment group headed by Jacob E. Safra. Following the acquisition, the company underwent restructuring, which included laying off over 120 employees, including top executives, and dissolving the home sales force, resulting in the job loss of an additional 140 people and 300 independent contractors.

Following the 1999 launch of Britannica.com, the website experienced workforce expansion.

Answer: False

Contrary to workforce expansion, the launch of Britannica.com in 1999 was followed by a workforce reduction; approximately 20 percent of the website's staff was laid off a year later.

Related Concepts:

  • In what year was Britannica.com inaugurated, and what developments transpired within its workforce approximately one year post-launch?: Britannica.com was launched in 1999, featuring the complete Encyclopæedia Britannica. However, one year later, the website laid off 20 percent of its workforce.
  • In what manner did the inauguration of Britannica.com in 1999 signify the company's adaptation to the evolving landscape of digital media?: The launch of Britannica.com in 1999 represented a significant move into the digital space, making the complete Encyclopæedia Britannica available online. This was a major step in the company's transition from print to digital content.

Encyclopæedia Britannica ceased print editions in 2010, with the final installment being the 2012 edition.

Answer: False

Encyclopæedia Britannica ceased its print editions in 2012. The 2010 installment marked the final print version, not 2010 itself being the final print year.

Related Concepts:

  • At what point did Encyclopæedia Britannica discontinue its print editions, and which installment constituted the final print version?: After 244 years of publication, Encyclopæedia Britannica ended its print editions in 2012. The 32 volumes of the 2010 installment marked the last print version, with all subsequent editions being published exclusively online.
  • Describe the Britannica Global Edition released in 2009, including its contents.: The Britannica Global Edition, printed in 2009, comprised 30 volumes and included over 40,000 articles along with 8,500 photographs.
  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.

Britannica Insights, released in 2018, is a browser extension designed to complement Google search results.

Answer: True

Britannica Insights, introduced in 2018, is a Chrome web browser extension developed to supplement Google's featured snippets.

Related Concepts:

  • What digital utility was introduced by Encyclopæedia Britannica in 2018 for the benefit of web users?: In 2018, the company introduced Britannica Insights, a Chrome web browser extension designed to supplement Google's featured snippets.

In 2019, Encyclopæedia Britannica partnered with Binumi to provide schools with access to royalty-free video clips.

Answer: True

Through a partnership with Binumi in 2019, Encyclopæedia Britannica launched a video product offering schools access to millions of royalty-free multimedia clips for educational projects.

Related Concepts:

  • In what manner did Encyclopæedia Britannica utilize multimedia content for pedagogical objectives in 2019?: In 2019, through a partnership with Binumi, Britannica launched a video product that provides schools access to millions of royalty-free multimedia clips, enabling students to create digital storytelling projects related to their curriculum.

The decline in print encyclopedia sales in the 1990s led to the expansion of Britannica's sales offices.

Answer: False

The decline in print encyclopedia sales during the 1990s necessitated the closure of a significant portion of Britannica's sales offices, rather than an expansion.

Related Concepts:

  • According to the provided text, what was the principal factor contributing to the decline in print encyclopedia sales during the 1990s?: The text indicates a significant slump in sales from 1990 to 1994, with sales continuing to decline afterward. This trend forced the company to close a substantial portion of its sales offices, suggesting a market shift away from print encyclopedias.
  • What trajectory did sales figures for Encyclopæedia Britannica follow during the early 1990s?: While nearly 120,000 encyclopedias were sold in the United States in 1990, leading to $650 million in sales, the figures slumped significantly by 1994, with only 51,000 sets sold in the US. Sales continued to decline thereafter, prompting the closure of over 70 percent of the company's sales offices.
  • What modifications were implemented by Sears in Britannica's sales strategy during 1932?: In 1932, Sears restructured Britannica's sales approach, discontinuing sales through their retail outlets and instead establishing a network of sales representatives who conducted door-to-door sales and operated booths at conventions and shopping centers.

The launch of Britannica.com in 1999 made the complete encyclopedia available online.

Answer: True

The inauguration of Britannica.com in 1999 marked the availability of the complete Encyclopæedia Britannica online.

Related Concepts:

  • In what manner did the inauguration of Britannica.com in 1999 signify the company's adaptation to the evolving landscape of digital media?: The launch of Britannica.com in 1999 represented a significant move into the digital space, making the complete Encyclopæedia Britannica available online. This was a major step in the company's transition from print to digital content.
  • In what year was Britannica.com inaugurated, and what developments transpired within its workforce approximately one year post-launch?: Britannica.com was launched in 1999, featuring the complete Encyclopæedia Britannica. However, one year later, the website laid off 20 percent of its workforce.
  • At what point did Encyclopæedia Britannica discontinue its print editions, and which installment constituted the final print version?: After 244 years of publication, Encyclopæedia Britannica ended its print editions in 2012. The 32 volumes of the 2010 installment marked the last print version, with all subsequent editions being published exclusively online.

What happened to Encyclopæedia Britannica's sales figures and office presence between 1990 and 1994?

Answer: Sales slumped significantly, leading to the closure of many sales offices.

Between 1990 and 1994, Encyclopæedia Britannica experienced a significant slump in sales, which resulted in the closure of a substantial number of its sales offices.

Related Concepts:

  • In what year did an investment group spearheaded by Jacob E. Safra acquire Encyclopæedia Britannica, and what were the immediate repercussions of this acquisition?: In 1996, Encyclopæedia Britannica was acquired by an investment group headed by Jacob E. Safra. Following the acquisition, the company underwent restructuring, which included laying off over 120 employees, including top executives, and dissolving the home sales force, resulting in the job loss of an additional 140 people and 300 independent contractors.
  • According to the provided text, what was the principal factor contributing to the decline in print encyclopedia sales during the 1990s?: The text indicates a significant slump in sales from 1990 to 1994, with sales continuing to decline afterward. This trend forced the company to close a substantial portion of its sales offices, suggesting a market shift away from print encyclopedias.
  • What trajectory did sales figures for Encyclopæedia Britannica follow during the early 1990s?: While nearly 120,000 encyclopedias were sold in the United States in 1990, leading to $650 million in sales, the figures slumped significantly by 1994, with only 51,000 sets sold in the US. Sales continued to decline thereafter, prompting the closure of over 70 percent of the company's sales offices.

Which investment group acquired Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1996?

Answer: An investment group headed by Jacob E. Safra

In 1996, Encyclopæedia Britannica was acquired by an investment group led by Jacob E. Safra.

Related Concepts:

  • In what year did an investment group spearheaded by Jacob E. Safra acquire Encyclopæedia Britannica, and what were the immediate repercussions of this acquisition?: In 1996, Encyclopæedia Britannica was acquired by an investment group headed by Jacob E. Safra. Following the acquisition, the company underwent restructuring, which included laying off over 120 employees, including top executives, and dissolving the home sales force, resulting in the job loss of an additional 140 people and 300 independent contractors.
  • In addition to its flagship encyclopedia, what other notable American publishing entity is owned by Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.?: In addition to the Encyclopæedia Britannica, the company also owns Merriam-Webster, a prominent American publisher of dictionaries.

What immediate consequence followed the launch of Britannica.com in 1999?

Answer: The website laid off 20 percent of its workforce a year later.

Following the launch of Britannica.com in 1999, the website experienced a workforce reduction, with 20 percent of its staff being laid off approximately one year later.

Related Concepts:

  • In what year was Britannica.com inaugurated, and what developments transpired within its workforce approximately one year post-launch?: Britannica.com was launched in 1999, featuring the complete Encyclopæedia Britannica. However, one year later, the website laid off 20 percent of its workforce.
  • In what manner did the inauguration of Britannica.com in 1999 signify the company's adaptation to the evolving landscape of digital media?: The launch of Britannica.com in 1999 represented a significant move into the digital space, making the complete Encyclopæedia Britannica available online. This was a major step in the company's transition from print to digital content.

When did Encyclopæedia Britannica publish its last print edition?

Answer: 2012

Encyclopæedia Britannica published its final print edition in 2012.

Related Concepts:

  • At what point did Encyclopæedia Britannica discontinue its print editions, and which installment constituted the final print version?: After 244 years of publication, Encyclopæedia Britannica ended its print editions in 2012. The 32 volumes of the 2010 installment marked the last print version, with all subsequent editions being published exclusively online.
  • Describe the Britannica Global Edition released in 2009, including its contents.: The Britannica Global Edition, printed in 2009, comprised 30 volumes and included over 40,000 articles along with 8,500 photographs.
  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.

What is Britannica Insights, introduced in 2018?

Answer: A Chrome web browser extension.

Britannica Insights, introduced in 2018, is a Chrome web browser extension designed to enhance the user experience by supplementing search results.

Related Concepts:

  • What digital utility was introduced by Encyclopæedia Britannica in 2018 for the benefit of web users?: In 2018, the company introduced Britannica Insights, a Chrome web browser extension designed to supplement Google's featured snippets.

Associated Publications and Entities

The Britannica Book of the Year, an annual synopsis of world events, began publication in 1938.

Answer: True

Britannica commenced the publication of its annual synopsis of world events, the Britannica Book of the Year, in 1938.

Related Concepts:

  • What annual publication commenced its issuance by Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1938?: In 1938, Britannica commenced the publication of an annual synopsis of world events, titled the Britannica Book of the Year.

The Britannica All New Children's Encyclopedia released in 2020 marked the company's first children's encyclopedia since 1984.

Answer: True

The Britannica All New Children's Encyclopedia, released in 2020, was notable as Britannica's first children's encyclopedia since 1984 and marked a return to print format for this specific audience.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance attributed to the Britannica All New Children's Encyclopedia, released in 2020?: Released in 2020, the Britannica All New Children's Encyclopedia: What We Know and What We Don't was an encyclopedia aimed at younger readers. It was notable for bringing back the print format and was Britannica's first children's encyclopedia since 1984, receiving widespread praise.

Encyclopæedia Britannica acquired ProCon.org in 2020.

Answer: True

In 2020, Encyclopæedia Britannica acquired ProCon.org.

Related Concepts:

  • What entity did Encyclopæedia Britannica acquire in the year 2020?: In 2020, Encyclopæedia Britannica acquired ProCon.org.

Merriam-Webster, a publisher of dictionaries, is owned by Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.

Answer: True

Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. owns Merriam-Webster, a prominent American publisher of dictionaries.

Related Concepts:

  • In addition to its flagship encyclopedia, what other notable American publishing entity is owned by Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.?: In addition to the Encyclopæedia Britannica, the company also owns Merriam-Webster, a prominent American publisher of dictionaries.
  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.

What annual publication did Encyclopæedia Britannica start publishing in 1938?

Answer: Britannica Book of the Year

In 1938, Encyclopæedia Britannica commenced the publication of an annual synopsis of world events titled the Britannica Book of the Year.

Related Concepts:

  • What annual publication commenced its issuance by Encyclopæedia Britannica in 1938?: In 1938, Britannica commenced the publication of an annual synopsis of world events, titled the Britannica Book of the Year.
  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.
  • At what point did Encyclopæedia Britannica discontinue its print editions, and which installment constituted the final print version?: After 244 years of publication, Encyclopæedia Britannica ended its print editions in 2012. The 32 volumes of the 2010 installment marked the last print version, with all subsequent editions being published exclusively online.

The Britannica All New Children's Encyclopedia (2020) was notable for being:

Answer: The company's first children's encyclopedia since 1984 and its return to print format for this audience.

The Britannica All New Children's Encyclopedia (2020) was significant as it represented the company's first children's encyclopedia since 1984 and marked a return to print for this specific audience.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance attributed to the Britannica All New Children's Encyclopedia, released in 2020?: Released in 2020, the Britannica All New Children's Encyclopedia: What We Know and What We Don't was an encyclopedia aimed at younger readers. It was notable for bringing back the print format and was Britannica's first children's encyclopedia since 1984, receiving widespread praise.

Which organization did Encyclopæedia Britannica acquire in 2020?

Answer: ProCon.org

In 2020, Encyclopæedia Britannica acquired ProCon.org.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.
  • In addition to its flagship encyclopedia, what other notable American publishing entity is owned by Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.?: In addition to the Encyclopæedia Britannica, the company also owns Merriam-Webster, a prominent American publisher of dictionaries.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as being owned or acquired by Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. according to the source?

Answer: The New York Times

The source material mentions the ownership or acquisition of Merriam-Webster, Compton's Encyclopedia, and the Britannica Book of the Year by Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc., but not The New York Times.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.
  • In addition to its flagship encyclopedia, what other notable American publishing entity is owned by Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.?: In addition to the Encyclopæedia Britannica, the company also owns Merriam-Webster, a prominent American publisher of dictionaries.
  • In what year did an investment group spearheaded by Jacob E. Safra acquire Encyclopæedia Britannica, and what were the immediate repercussions of this acquisition?: In 1996, Encyclopæedia Britannica was acquired by an investment group headed by Jacob E. Safra. Following the acquisition, the company underwent restructuring, which included laying off over 120 employees, including top executives, and dissolving the home sales force, resulting in the job loss of an additional 140 people and 300 independent contractors.

General Identification and Core Facts

The visual representation of a shipping box is associated with the distribution methods employed for which edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica?

Answer: The fourteenth edition

The image of a shipping box signifies the physical distribution methods used for the fourteenth edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica.

Related Concepts:

  • Within the historical context of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, what does the depiction of a shipping box signify?: The image displays a shipping box for the fourteenth edition of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, indicating the physical distribution methods used for the publication.

What is the designated official website address for Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.?

Answer: corporate.britannica.com

The official website for Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is corporate.britannica.com.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the designated official website address for Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc.?: The official website for Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. can be accessed at corporate.britannica.com.
  • What is the principal publication for which Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is recognized?: Encyclopæedia Britannica, Inc. is principally recognized as the publisher of the Encyclopæedia Britannica, which holds the distinction of being the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.
  • In what year was Britannica.com inaugurated, and what developments transpired within its workforce approximately one year post-launch?: Britannica.com was launched in 1999, featuring the complete Encyclopæedia Britannica. However, one year later, the website laid off 20 percent of its workforce.

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