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English Standard Version (ESV) Bible: Translation, History, and Reception

At a Glance

Title: English Standard Version (ESV) Bible: Translation, History, and Reception

Total Categories: 6

Category Stats

  • Genesis and Publication of the ESV: 13 flashcards, 12 questions
  • Translation Methodology and Textual Foundations: 12 flashcards, 11 questions
  • Key Personnel and Editorial Oversight: 4 flashcards, 6 questions
  • Evolution of the ESV Text: Revisions and Editions: 12 flashcards, 15 questions
  • Scholarly Reception and Public Impact: 12 flashcards, 10 questions
  • Interpretive Debates and Critical Perspectives: 5 flashcards, 6 questions

Total Stats

  • Total Flashcards: 58
  • True/False Questions: 30
  • Multiple Choice Questions: 30
  • Total Questions: 60

Instructions

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Study Guide: English Standard Version (ESV) Bible: Translation, History, and Reception

Study Guide: English Standard Version (ESV) Bible: Translation, History, and Reception

Genesis and Publication of the ESV

The English Standard Version (ESV) Bible was initially published in 2001.

Answer: True

The English Standard Version (ESV) Bible was initially published in 2001.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.
  • What was the initial publication date of the ESV?: The ESV was officially published in September 2001.
  • In what year was the complete English Standard Version (ESV) Bible published?: The complete Bible in the English Standard Version was published in 2001.

The ESV is a direct continuation of the King James Version (KJV) text, with minimal updates.

Answer: False

The ESV is derived from the Revised Standard Version (RSV), not a direct continuation of the King James Version (KJV) with minimal updates.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.
  • What is the ESV's approach to updating its textual basis?: The ESV's textual basis has been updated over time. The 2016 text edition updated the basis to the 5th edition of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia for the Old Testament and the 5th edition of the UBS Greek New Testament and 28th edition of Novum Testamentum Graece for the New Testament.
  • How is the ESV's relationship to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) best described?: The ESV is derived from the 1971 text edition of the Revised Standard Version (RSV). Crossway obtained the rights to use and modify the RSV text as the starting point for the ESV. Approximately eight percent of the 1971 RSV text was revised for the ESV's initial publication in 2001, with a stated goal of removing perceived liberal influences and aligning the translation with evangelical scholarship.

Crossway, the publisher of the ESV, is a for-profit corporation.

Answer: False

Crossway, the publisher of the ESV, operates as a not-for-profit organization.

Related Concepts:

  • Who is the publisher of the ESV, and what is the nature of its copyright?: The ESV is published by Crossway, which operates as a not-for-profit organization. Crossway holds the copyright for The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®, © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.

The ESV was developed in direct opposition to the Today's New International Version (TNIV) and shares its translation philosophy.

Answer: False

The ESV was developed partly in response to concerns regarding translations like the TNIV, particularly concerning gender-neutral language, and does not share its translation philosophy.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the ESV's position on gender-neutral language, particularly in the context of the TNIV controversy?: The ESV was developed partly in response to concerns about gender-neutral language in translations like the Today's New International Version (TNIV). While the ESV aims for literal translation and generally avoids gender-neutral language, its approach and the underlying philosophy were debated, with figures like Wayne Grudem defending the ESV's choices against criticisms of inconsistency or perceived omissions.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.

The ESV is primarily associated with the Catholic tradition.

Answer: False

The ESV is primarily associated with the Evangelical tradition, not the Catholic tradition.

Related Concepts:

  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.
  • How is the ESV's relationship to the 'classic mainstream' lineage of English Bible translations characterized?: The ESV is described as continuing the 'classic mainstream' lineage of English Bible translations that began with William Tyndale's New Testament. This lineage includes significant translations like the King James Version (KJV), the English Revised Version (ERV), the American Standard Version (ASV), and the Revised Standard Version (RSV).
  • What are the primary textual bases utilized for the ESV translation?: The ESV relies on recently published critical editions of the original texts. For the Old Testament, it is based on the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible, specifically the 5th edition of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, with consultation of other ancient sources for difficult passages. For the New Testament, it uses the UBS Greek New Testament (5th corrected edition) and Novum Testamentum Graece (28th edition).

The ESV Classic Reference Bible was the first print edition released by Crossway.

Answer: True

The *ESV Classic Reference Bible* was the first print edition released by Crossway.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the first print edition released by Crossway for the ESV?: The first ESV print edition released was the *ESV Classic Reference Bible*.
  • What is the ESV Study Bible, and what significant recognition has it received?: The ESV Study Bible, published by Crossway in 2008, is a comprehensive study Bible that uses the ESV text. It has been highly successful, selling over one million copies by 2008 and over 2.5 million by September 2024. In 2009, it was named Christian Book of the Year by the Evangelical Christian Publishers Association (ECPA), the first time the award was given to a study Bible.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.

The ESV is published by Collins in the United Kingdom.

Answer: False

The ESV is published by Crossway in the United States. An Anglicized Edition (ESVUK) was published by Collins in the United Kingdom.

Related Concepts:

  • What does the designation 'ESVUK' refer to?: The ESVUK is the Anglicized Edition of the English Standard Version, published in the United Kingdom by Collins in 2002. It features anglicized spelling.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

Approximately what percentage of the 1971 Revised Standard Version (RSV) text was revised for the initial ESV publication in 2001?

Answer: Approximately 8%

Approximately eight percent of the 1971 RSV text was revised for the ESV's initial publication in 2001.

Related Concepts:

  • How is the ESV's relationship to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) best described?: The ESV is derived from the 1971 text edition of the Revised Standard Version (RSV). Crossway obtained the rights to use and modify the RSV text as the starting point for the ESV. Approximately eight percent of the 1971 RSV text was revised for the ESV's initial publication in 2001, with a stated goal of removing perceived liberal influences and aligning the translation with evangelical scholarship.
  • What notable revisions have been made to the ESV text since its initial publication?: The ESV text has undergone several revisions. A 2002 correction addressed perceived translation mistakes, such as changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin" in Romans 3:9. The 2011 edition made minor changes to improve grammar and precision, notably altering Isaiah 53:5 to "pierced for our transgressions" and modifying the translation of 'slave' (doulos) in certain contexts. The 2016 edition included further word changes and updated textual bases, with a notable revision in Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation. The 2025 edition reverted some 2016 changes in Genesis and altered John 1:18.
  • What is the ESV's approach to updating its textual basis?: The ESV's textual basis has been updated over time. The 2016 text edition updated the basis to the 5th edition of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia for the Old Testament and the 5th edition of the UBS Greek New Testament and 28th edition of Novum Testamentum Graece for the New Testament.

Which organization is the primary publisher of the English Standard Version (ESV) Bible?

Answer: Crossway

The ESV is published by Crossway, which operates as a not-for-profit organization.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.
  • Who is the publisher of the ESV, and what is the nature of its copyright?: The ESV is published by Crossway, which operates as a not-for-profit organization. Crossway holds the copyright for The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®, © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers.

The ESV's development was partly a response to concerns raised by translations like the TNIV, particularly regarding which issue?

Answer: Gender-neutral language

The ESV was developed partly in response to concerns regarding translations like the TNIV, particularly concerning gender-neutral language.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the ESV's position on gender-neutral language, particularly in the context of the TNIV controversy?: The ESV was developed partly in response to concerns about gender-neutral language in translations like the Today's New International Version (TNIV). While the ESV aims for literal translation and generally avoids gender-neutral language, its approach and the underlying philosophy were debated, with figures like Wayne Grudem defending the ESV's choices against criticisms of inconsistency or perceived omissions.
  • What has been the nature of the controversy surrounding the ESV and its approach to gender-neutral language?: While the ESV generally aims for literal translation, its use of terms like "mankind" and "brothers" has drawn criticism from some who advocate for more inclusive language. Conversely, scholars like Mark L. Strauss have critiqued the ESV for inconsistent application of gender-neutral language, while others, like Samuel L. Perry, have argued that the ESV made intentional changes to align with conservative, complementarian interpretations, thereby manipulating the text itself. The ESV committee maintains its goal is literal accuracy and transparency to the original text.
  • What is the ESV's stated position regarding gender-neutral language?: The ESV translation committee states its goal is to render the original text literally, which includes using gender-neutral language only in specific cases where it preserves contextual meaning. The committee aims for transparency to the original text, allowing readers to understand it on its own terms rather than solely through the lens of contemporary Western culture. However, this approach has also been a subject of debate and criticism.

The ESV is described as continuing the 'classic mainstream' lineage of English Bible translations, which began with the work of which historical figure?

Answer: William Tyndale

The ESV is described as continuing the 'classic mainstream' lineage of English Bible translations that began with the work of William Tyndale.

Related Concepts:

  • How is the ESV's relationship to the 'classic mainstream' lineage of English Bible translations characterized?: The ESV is described as continuing the 'classic mainstream' lineage of English Bible translations that began with William Tyndale's New Testament. This lineage includes significant translations like the King James Version (KJV), the English Revised Version (ERV), the American Standard Version (ASV), and the Revised Standard Version (RSV).
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

The ESV's relationship to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) is best characterized as:

Answer: The ESV is derived from the RSV, with modifications made to align with evangelical scholarship.

The ESV is derived from the Revised Standard Version (RSV), with modifications made to align with evangelical scholarship.

Related Concepts:

  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

Translation Methodology and Textual Foundations

The ESV translation philosophy is described as 'essentially dynamic,' prioritizing meaning-for-meaning accuracy over word-for-word precision.

Answer: False

The ESV's translation philosophy is characterized as 'essentially literal,' emphasizing 'word-for-word' accuracy, not 'essentially dynamic'.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's stated translation philosophy and its primary emphasis?: The ESV translation philosophy is described as "essentially literal," aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy. It emphasizes precision, literary excellence, and depth of meaning, taking into account the differences in grammar, syntax, and idiom between contemporary literary English and the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts. Crossway states that the ESV continues a legacy of precision and faithfulness in translation.
  • What was the ESV's position on gender-neutral language, particularly in the context of the TNIV controversy?: The ESV was developed partly in response to concerns about gender-neutral language in translations like the Today's New International Version (TNIV). While the ESV aims for literal translation and generally avoids gender-neutral language, its approach and the underlying philosophy were debated, with figures like Wayne Grudem defending the ESV's choices against criticisms of inconsistency or perceived omissions.
  • What is the ESV's stated position regarding gender-neutral language?: The ESV translation committee states its goal is to render the original text literally, which includes using gender-neutral language only in specific cases where it preserves contextual meaning. The committee aims for transparency to the original text, allowing readers to understand it on its own terms rather than solely through the lens of contemporary Western culture. However, this approach has also been a subject of debate and criticism.

The ESV Old Testament is based on the Masoretic text, while the New Testament uses the Textus Receptus.

Answer: False

The ESV Old Testament is based on the Masoretic text, while the New Testament utilizes critical editions of the Greek text, not the Textus Receptus.

Related Concepts:

  • What are the primary textual bases utilized for the ESV translation?: The ESV relies on recently published critical editions of the original texts. For the Old Testament, it is based on the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible, specifically the 5th edition of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, with consultation of other ancient sources for difficult passages. For the New Testament, it uses the UBS Greek New Testament (5th corrected edition) and Novum Testamentum Graece (28th edition).
  • What is the ESV's approach to updating its textual basis?: The ESV's textual basis has been updated over time. The 2016 text edition updated the basis to the 5th edition of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia for the Old Testament and the 5th edition of the UBS Greek New Testament and 28th edition of Novum Testamentum Graece for the New Testament.
  • What is the ESV's stated stance on translating difficult Hebrew passages?: The ESV preface indicates a commitment to translating difficult Hebrew passages as they stand in the Masoretic text whenever possible, rather than immediately resorting to emendations or alternative readings from ancient versions. However, it also acknowledges consulting other sources like the Dead Sea Scrolls, Septuagint, and Latin Vulgate when necessary to shed light on or support a divergence from the Masoretic text.

The ESV aims to reflect the distinct writing styles of individual biblical authors.

Answer: True

A stated aim of the ESV is to allow the distinct writing style of each biblical author to come through the translated text.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's stated objective concerning the distinct writing styles of biblical authors?: The ESV seeks to allow the distinct writing style of each biblical author to come through the translated text. This means attempting to reflect the unique literary characteristics and voice of figures like Paul, Isaiah, or John, as preserved in the original languages.
  • What is the ESV's stated translation philosophy and its primary emphasis?: The ESV translation philosophy is described as "essentially literal," aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy. It emphasizes precision, literary excellence, and depth of meaning, taking into account the differences in grammar, syntax, and idiom between contemporary literary English and the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts. Crossway states that the ESV continues a legacy of precision and faithfulness in translation.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

The ESV retains theological terms like 'justification' and 'sanctification' because they were common English words during the New Testament era.

Answer: False

The ESV retains theological terms like 'justification' and 'sanctification' due to their centrality in Christian doctrine and their status as established terms in the New Testament era, not because they were common English words then.

Related Concepts:

  • What theological terms does the ESV retain, and what is the stated rationale for their retention?: The ESV retains specific theological terms like 'grace,' 'faith,' 'justification,' 'sanctification,' 'redemption,' 'regeneration,' 'reconciliation,' and 'propitiation' because they are considered crucial for Christian doctrine and were established key terms in the original biblical languages. Crossway states these terms are kept due to their centrality for Christian doctrine and their status as established terms in the New Testament era.
  • What is the ESV's approach to retaining specific theological terms, and what is the rationale?: The ESV retains specific theological terms like 'grace,' 'faith,' 'justification,' 'sanctification,' 'redemption,' 'regeneration,' 'reconciliation,' and 'propitiation' because they are considered crucial for Christian doctrine and were established key terms in the original biblical languages.
  • What is the ESV's approach to retaining specific theological terms, and what is the rationale?: The ESV retains specific theological terms like 'grace,' 'faith,' 'justification,' 'sanctification,' 'redemption,' 'regeneration,' 'reconciliation,' and 'propitiation' because they are considered crucial for Christian doctrine and were established key terms in the original biblical languages. Crossway states these terms are kept due to their centrality for Christian doctrine and their status as established terms in the New Testament era.

The ESV's preface indicates a preference for emending difficult Hebrew passages based on ancient versions rather than translating them as they stand.

Answer: False

The ESV's preface indicates a commitment to translating difficult Hebrew passages as they stand in the Masoretic text whenever possible, rather than prioritizing emendations based on ancient versions.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's stated stance on translating difficult Hebrew passages?: The ESV preface indicates a commitment to translating difficult Hebrew passages as they stand in the Masoretic text whenever possible, rather than immediately resorting to emendations or alternative readings from ancient versions. However, it also acknowledges consulting other sources like the Dead Sea Scrolls, Septuagint, and Latin Vulgate when necessary to shed light on or support a divergence from the Masoretic text.
  • What has been the nature of the controversy surrounding the ESV and its approach to gender-neutral language?: While the ESV generally aims for literal translation, its use of terms like "mankind" and "brothers" has drawn criticism from some who advocate for more inclusive language. Conversely, scholars like Mark L. Strauss have critiqued the ESV for inconsistent application of gender-neutral language, while others, like Samuel L. Perry, have argued that the ESV made intentional changes to align with conservative, complementarian interpretations, thereby manipulating the text itself. The ESV committee maintains its goal is literal accuracy and transparency to the original text.
  • What are the primary textual bases utilized for the ESV translation?: The ESV relies on recently published critical editions of the original texts. For the Old Testament, it is based on the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible, specifically the 5th edition of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, with consultation of other ancient sources for difficult passages. For the New Testament, it uses the UBS Greek New Testament (5th corrected edition) and Novum Testamentum Graece (28th edition).

What is the primary translation philosophy of the English Standard Version (ESV)?

Answer: Formal equivalence, aiming for word-for-word accuracy.

The ESV's translation philosophy is characterized as 'essentially literal,' emphasizing 'word-for-word' accuracy.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's stated translation philosophy and its primary emphasis?: The ESV translation philosophy is described as "essentially literal," aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy. It emphasizes precision, literary excellence, and depth of meaning, taking into account the differences in grammar, syntax, and idiom between contemporary literary English and the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts. Crossway states that the ESV continues a legacy of precision and faithfulness in translation.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

Which of the following biblical texts serves as the primary basis for the ESV's Old Testament translation?

Answer: The Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible

For the Old Testament, the ESV is based on the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible.

Related Concepts:

  • What are the primary textual bases utilized for the ESV translation?: The ESV relies on recently published critical editions of the original texts. For the Old Testament, it is based on the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible, specifically the 5th edition of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, with consultation of other ancient sources for difficult passages. For the New Testament, it uses the UBS Greek New Testament (5th corrected edition) and Novum Testamentum Graece (28th edition).
  • What is the ESV's approach to updating its textual basis?: The ESV's textual basis has been updated over time. The 2016 text edition updated the basis to the 5th edition of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia for the Old Testament and the 5th edition of the UBS Greek New Testament and 28th edition of Novum Testamentum Graece for the New Testament.
  • How is the ESV's relationship to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) best described?: The ESV is derived from the 1971 text edition of the Revised Standard Version (RSV). Crossway obtained the rights to use and modify the RSV text as the starting point for the ESV. Approximately eight percent of the 1971 RSV text was revised for the ESV's initial publication in 2001, with a stated goal of removing perceived liberal influences and aligning the translation with evangelical scholarship.

Which of the following is a theological term the ESV retains due to its significance in Christian doctrine and its usage in the New Testament era?

Answer: Redemption

The ESV retains specific theological terms like 'redemption' due to their centrality in Christian doctrine and their status as established terms in the New Testament era.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's approach to retaining specific theological terms, and what is the rationale?: The ESV retains specific theological terms like 'grace,' 'faith,' 'justification,' 'sanctification,' 'redemption,' 'regeneration,' 'reconciliation,' and 'propitiation' because they are considered crucial for Christian doctrine and were established key terms in the original biblical languages.
  • What is the ESV's approach to retaining specific theological terms, and what is the rationale?: The ESV retains specific theological terms like 'grace,' 'faith,' 'justification,' 'sanctification,' 'redemption,' 'regeneration,' 'reconciliation,' and 'propitiation' because they are considered crucial for Christian doctrine and were established key terms in the original biblical languages. Crossway states these terms are kept due to their centrality for Christian doctrine and their status as established terms in the New Testament era.
  • What theological terms does the ESV retain, and what is the stated rationale for their retention?: The ESV retains specific theological terms like 'grace,' 'faith,' 'justification,' 'sanctification,' 'redemption,' 'regeneration,' 'reconciliation,' and 'propitiation' because they are considered crucial for Christian doctrine and were established key terms in the original biblical languages. Crossway states these terms are kept due to their centrality for Christian doctrine and their status as established terms in the New Testament era.

The ESV's stated approach to translating difficult Hebrew passages involves:

Answer: Translating them as they stand in the Masoretic text whenever possible, consulting other sources if needed.

The ESV's stated approach to translating difficult Hebrew passages involves translating them as they stand in the Masoretic text whenever possible, consulting other sources if needed.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's stated stance on translating difficult Hebrew passages?: The ESV preface indicates a commitment to translating difficult Hebrew passages as they stand in the Masoretic text whenever possible, rather than immediately resorting to emendations or alternative readings from ancient versions. However, it also acknowledges consulting other sources like the Dead Sea Scrolls, Septuagint, and Latin Vulgate when necessary to shed light on or support a divergence from the Masoretic text.
  • What is the ESV's stated translation philosophy and its primary emphasis?: The ESV translation philosophy is described as "essentially literal," aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy. It emphasizes precision, literary excellence, and depth of meaning, taking into account the differences in grammar, syntax, and idiom between contemporary literary English and the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts. Crossway states that the ESV continues a legacy of precision and faithfulness in translation.
  • What is the ESV's stated position regarding gender-neutral language?: The ESV translation committee states its goal is to render the original text literally, which includes using gender-neutral language only in specific cases where it preserves contextual meaning. The committee aims for transparency to the original text, allowing readers to understand it on its own terms rather than solely through the lens of contemporary Western culture. However, this approach has also been a subject of debate and criticism.

The ESV's use of the term 'propitiation' in certain verses exemplifies:

Answer: Restoring a key theological term from the original Greek.

The ESV's use of the term 'propitiation' in certain verses exemplifies the restoration of a key theological term from the original Greek.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's position on the use of the theological term 'propitiation' in its translation?: The ESV committee decided to restore the theological term 'propitiation' to certain verses, including Romans 3:25, Hebrews 2:17, and 1 John 2:2 and 4:10. This decision reflects a commitment to using precise theological language where it accurately represents the original Greek term.
  • What is the ESV's approach to retaining specific theological terms, and what is the rationale?: The ESV retains specific theological terms like 'grace,' 'faith,' 'justification,' 'sanctification,' 'redemption,' 'regeneration,' 'reconciliation,' and 'propitiation' because they are considered crucial for Christian doctrine and were established key terms in the original biblical languages.
  • What is the ESV's approach to retaining specific theological terms, and what is the rationale?: The ESV retains specific theological terms like 'grace,' 'faith,' 'justification,' 'sanctification,' 'redemption,' 'regeneration,' 'reconciliation,' and 'propitiation' because they are considered crucial for Christian doctrine and were established key terms in the original biblical languages. Crossway states these terms are kept due to their centrality for Christian doctrine and their status as established terms in the New Testament era.

The ESV's preface indicates a primary goal to allow the distinct writing style of each biblical author to:

Answer: Come through the translated text.

The ESV's preface indicates a primary goal to allow the distinct writing style of each biblical author to come through the translated text.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's stated objective concerning the distinct writing styles of biblical authors?: The ESV seeks to allow the distinct writing style of each biblical author to come through the translated text. This means attempting to reflect the unique literary characteristics and voice of figures like Paul, Isaiah, or John, as preserved in the original languages.
  • What is the ESV's stated stance on translating difficult Hebrew passages?: The ESV preface indicates a commitment to translating difficult Hebrew passages as they stand in the Masoretic text whenever possible, rather than immediately resorting to emendations or alternative readings from ancient versions. However, it also acknowledges consulting other sources like the Dead Sea Scrolls, Septuagint, and Latin Vulgate when necessary to shed light on or support a divergence from the Masoretic text.
  • What is the ESV's stated translation philosophy and its primary emphasis?: The ESV translation philosophy is described as "essentially literal," aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy. It emphasizes precision, literary excellence, and depth of meaning, taking into account the differences in grammar, syntax, and idiom between contemporary literary English and the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts. Crossway states that the ESV continues a legacy of precision and faithfulness in translation.

Key Personnel and Editorial Oversight

The creation of the ESV involved a team of fewer than 50 evangelical scholars and pastors.

Answer: False

The ESV was created by a team of over 100 leading evangelical scholars and pastors.

Related Concepts:

  • Who were the principal figures involved in the creation of the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The ESV was created by a team of over 100 leading evangelical scholars and pastors. Crossway president Lane T. Dennis led the initiative, with Wayne Grudem serving as a key figure in the early stages. J. I. Packer served as the general editor for the translation, and Leland Ryken was the literary stylist.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.
  • What was the ESV's position on gender-neutral language, particularly in the context of the TNIV controversy?: The ESV was developed partly in response to concerns about gender-neutral language in translations like the Today's New International Version (TNIV). While the ESV aims for literal translation and generally avoids gender-neutral language, its approach and the underlying philosophy were debated, with figures like Wayne Grudem defending the ESV's choices against criticisms of inconsistency or perceived omissions.

J. I. Packer served as the primary translator for the ESV, responsible for the final rendering of the text.

Answer: False

J. I. Packer served as the general editor for the ESV translation project, not its primary translator.

Related Concepts:

  • Who is credited as the general editor of the ESV translation project?: J. I. Packer is credited as the general editor of the ESV translation project.
  • Who were the principal figures involved in the creation of the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The ESV was created by a team of over 100 leading evangelical scholars and pastors. Crossway president Lane T. Dennis led the initiative, with Wayne Grudem serving as a key figure in the early stages. J. I. Packer served as the general editor for the translation, and Leland Ryken was the literary stylist.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

Wayne Grudem was the general editor of the ESV translation project.

Answer: False

Wayne Grudem was a prominent member of the ESV translation committee, but J. I. Packer served as the general editor.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the ESV's position on gender-neutral language, particularly in the context of the TNIV controversy?: The ESV was developed partly in response to concerns about gender-neutral language in translations like the Today's New International Version (TNIV). While the ESV aims for literal translation and generally avoids gender-neutral language, its approach and the underlying philosophy were debated, with figures like Wayne Grudem defending the ESV's choices against criticisms of inconsistency or perceived omissions.
  • How did Wayne Grudem, a member of the translation committee, respond to criticisms concerning the ESV's translation philosophy?: Wayne Grudem, a member of the ESV translation committee, responded to criticisms by emphasizing that different translation philosophies exist and that translators should be consistent with their stated goals. He argued against accusations of 'missing' or 'not considering' issues, stating that such claims were emotionally charged and potentially ad hominem, as critics were not privy to the translation meetings. Grudem stressed that the ESV's choices were often dictated by its commitment to a literal translation philosophy.
  • Who were the principal figures involved in the creation of the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The ESV was created by a team of over 100 leading evangelical scholars and pastors. Crossway president Lane T. Dennis led the initiative, with Wayne Grudem serving as a key figure in the early stages. J. I. Packer served as the general editor for the translation, and Leland Ryken was the literary stylist.

Who is credited as the general editor for the ESV translation project?

Answer: J. I. Packer

J. I. Packer served as the general editor for the ESV translation project.

Related Concepts:

  • Who were the principal figures involved in the creation of the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The ESV was created by a team of over 100 leading evangelical scholars and pastors. Crossway president Lane T. Dennis led the initiative, with Wayne Grudem serving as a key figure in the early stages. J. I. Packer served as the general editor for the translation, and Leland Ryken was the literary stylist.
  • Who is credited as the general editor of the ESV translation project?: J. I. Packer is credited as the general editor of the ESV translation project.
  • How is the ESV's relationship to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) best described?: The ESV is derived from the 1971 text edition of the Revised Standard Version (RSV). Crossway obtained the rights to use and modify the RSV text as the starting point for the ESV. Approximately eight percent of the 1971 RSV text was revised for the ESV's initial publication in 2001, with a stated goal of removing perceived liberal influences and aligning the translation with evangelical scholarship.

Who is identified as the literary stylist for the ESV translation project?

Answer: Leland Ryken

Leland Ryken is identified as the literary stylist for the ESV translation project.

Related Concepts:

  • Who were the principal figures involved in the creation of the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The ESV was created by a team of over 100 leading evangelical scholars and pastors. Crossway president Lane T. Dennis led the initiative, with Wayne Grudem serving as a key figure in the early stages. J. I. Packer served as the general editor for the translation, and Leland Ryken was the literary stylist.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.

Which of the following individuals is NOT listed as a key figure involved in the ESV's creation or oversight?

Answer: John Calvin

John Calvin is not listed as a key figure involved in the ESV's creation or oversight; Lane T. Dennis, J. I. Packer, and Wayne Grudem are.

Related Concepts:

  • Who were the principal figures involved in the creation of the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The ESV was created by a team of over 100 leading evangelical scholars and pastors. Crossway president Lane T. Dennis led the initiative, with Wayne Grudem serving as a key figure in the early stages. J. I. Packer served as the general editor for the translation, and Leland Ryken was the literary stylist.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.
  • How is the ESV's relationship to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) best described?: The ESV is derived from the 1971 text edition of the Revised Standard Version (RSV). Crossway obtained the rights to use and modify the RSV text as the starting point for the ESV. Approximately eight percent of the 1971 RSV text was revised for the ESV's initial publication in 2001, with a stated goal of removing perceived liberal influences and aligning the translation with evangelical scholarship.

Evolution of the ESV Text: Revisions and Editions

The 2016 edition of the ESV notably revised Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation.

Answer: True

The 2016 ESV Permanent Text Edition notably revised Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation.

Related Concepts:

  • What specific changes were implemented in the 2016 ESV Permanent Text Edition concerning Genesis 3:16?: In the 2016 ESV Permanent Text Edition, Genesis 3:16 was revised to use a complementarian interpretation. The phrase 'shall be toward' was changed to 'shall be contrary to,' reflecting a specific understanding of the Hebrew word 'teshuvah' in relation to the woman's desire and her husband's rule over her. The previous rendering was retained in footnotes for editions that include them.
  • What notable change occurred in the rendering of Genesis 3:16 in the 2025 ESV text edition?: In the 2025 ESV text edition, the changes made in 2016 to Genesis 3:16 were reverted. This means the text returned to its earlier rendering, moving away from the 'contrary to' interpretation and back towards a phrasing that reflects the original Hebrew more directly, likely closer to 'your desire shall be contrary toward him' or similar, depending on the specific wording adopted.
  • What notable revisions have been made to the ESV text since its initial publication?: The ESV text has undergone several revisions. A 2002 correction addressed perceived translation mistakes, such as changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin" in Romans 3:9. The 2011 edition made minor changes to improve grammar and precision, notably altering Isaiah 53:5 to "pierced for our transgressions" and modifying the translation of 'slave' (doulos) in certain contexts. The 2016 edition included further word changes and updated textual bases, with a notable revision in Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation. The 2025 edition reverted some 2016 changes in Genesis and altered John 1:18.

The ESV Catholic Edition (ESV-CE) was published first in North America before being adopted in India.

Answer: False

The ESV Catholic Edition (ESV-CE) was first published by the Conference of Catholic Bishops of India.

Related Concepts:

  • How did the ESV become the basis for specific Catholic and Anglican editions?: In 2018, the Conference of Catholic Bishops of India published the ESV Catholic Edition (ESV-CE), which includes the deuterocanonical books and incorporates modifications based on Vatican translation principles. This edition was later published in North America as 'The Augustine Bible.' In 2019, Anglican Liturgy Press published the 'ESV with Apocrypha,' featuring Apocrypha text revisions approved by the ESV Translation Oversight Committee.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

The ESV translation committee decided in 2011 to translate the Greek word 'doulos' (slave) on a case-by-case basis, using either 'bondservant' or 'servant'.

Answer: True

The 2011 ESV text edition revised the translation of the Greek word 'doulos' (slave) on a case-by-case basis, rendering it as either 'bondservant' or 'servant' depending on the context.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's stated approach to translating the Greek word 'doulos' (slave)?: In the 2011 text edition, the ESV translation committee decided to translate the Greek word 'doulos' (often translated as 'slave') on a case-by-case basis throughout the New Testament. The translation was modified to either 'bondservant' or 'servant' to better disambiguate the specific context of the situation being described.
  • What notable revisions have been made to the ESV text since its initial publication?: The ESV text has undergone several revisions. A 2002 correction addressed perceived translation mistakes, such as changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin" in Romans 3:9. The 2011 edition made minor changes to improve grammar and precision, notably altering Isaiah 53:5 to "pierced for our transgressions" and modifying the translation of 'slave' (doulos) in certain contexts. The 2016 edition included further word changes and updated textual bases, with a notable revision in Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation. The 2025 edition reverted some 2016 changes in Genesis and altered John 1:18.
  • What is the ESV's stated position regarding gender-neutral language?: The ESV translation committee states its goal is to render the original text literally, which includes using gender-neutral language only in specific cases where it preserves contextual meaning. The committee aims for transparency to the original text, allowing readers to understand it on its own terms rather than solely through the lens of contemporary Western culture. However, this approach has also been a subject of debate and criticism.

The ESV text has never been revised since its initial publication in 2001.

Answer: False

The ESV text has undergone several revisions since its initial publication in 2001.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.
  • What was the initial publication date of the ESV?: The ESV was officially published in September 2001.
  • How is the ESV's relationship to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) best described?: The ESV is derived from the 1971 text edition of the Revised Standard Version (RSV). Crossway obtained the rights to use and modify the RSV text as the starting point for the ESV. Approximately eight percent of the 1971 RSV text was revised for the ESV's initial publication in 2001, with a stated goal of removing perceived liberal influences and aligning the translation with evangelical scholarship.

Crossway initially announced that the ESV text would remain unchanged in all future editions after 2016, but later reversed this policy.

Answer: True

Crossway initially announced that the ESV text would remain unchanged after 2016, but this policy was subsequently reversed.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the initial policy announced by Crossway regarding future ESV text revisions after 2016, and what led to its subsequent reversal?: Following the 2016 revision, Crossway initially announced that the ESV text would remain unchanged in all future editions. However, this policy was abandoned the following month, with Crossway apologizing for the decision and stating it was a mistake. The policy was changed to allow for periodic updates to the text based on biblical scholarship, textual discoveries, or changes in the English language over time.
  • What notable revisions have been made to the ESV text since its initial publication?: The ESV text has undergone several revisions. A 2002 correction addressed perceived translation mistakes, such as changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin" in Romans 3:9. The 2011 edition made minor changes to improve grammar and precision, notably altering Isaiah 53:5 to "pierced for our transgressions" and modifying the translation of 'slave' (doulos) in certain contexts. The 2016 edition included further word changes and updated textual bases, with a notable revision in Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation. The 2025 edition reverted some 2016 changes in Genesis and altered John 1:18.
  • How is the ESV's relationship to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) best described?: The ESV is derived from the 1971 text edition of the Revised Standard Version (RSV). Crossway obtained the rights to use and modify the RSV text as the starting point for the ESV. Approximately eight percent of the 1971 RSV text was revised for the ESV's initial publication in 2001, with a stated goal of removing perceived liberal influences and aligning the translation with evangelical scholarship.

The ESV includes the Apocrypha in all editions published by Crossway.

Answer: False

The ESV does not include the Apocrypha in editions published by Crossway, though licensed editions from other publishers may contain it.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's official position regarding the inclusion of the Apocrypha?: The ESV translation committee's official stance is that the Apocrypha is not included in editions published by Crossway. However, Crossway has licensed the ESV text for use in editions that do include the Apocrypha, published by other entities like Oxford University Press and Anglican Liturgy Press.
  • What is the ESV's official position regarding the inclusion of the Apocrypha?: The ESV translation committee's official stance is that the Apocrypha is not included in editions published by Crossway. However, Crossway has licensed the ESV text for use in editions that do include the Apocrypha, published by other entities like Oxford University Press and Anglican Liturgy Press.
  • What was the stated purpose of the 2009 edition of the *English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha*, published by Oxford University Press?: The 2009 *English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha*, published by Oxford University Press, included the Apocrypha placed at the back of the Bible. It was intended for denominations that use these books in liturgical readings and for students who need them for historical study purposes.

The 2011 ESV text edition changed the rendering of Isaiah 53:5 from 'wounded' to 'pierced'.

Answer: True

The 2011 ESV text edition changed the rendering of Isaiah 53:5 from 'wounded for our transgressions' to 'pierced for our transgressions'.

Related Concepts:

  • What specific change was made to the rendering of Isaiah 53:5 in the 2011 ESV text edition?: In the 2011 text edition of the ESV, Isaiah 53:5 was revised from 'wounded for our transgressions' to 'pierced for our transgressions.' This change was made to improve consistency and precision in meaning, aligning it with renderings found in other translations like the New American Standard Bible.
  • What notable revisions have been made to the ESV text since its initial publication?: The ESV text has undergone several revisions. A 2002 correction addressed perceived translation mistakes, such as changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin" in Romans 3:9. The 2011 edition made minor changes to improve grammar and precision, notably altering Isaiah 53:5 to "pierced for our transgressions" and modifying the translation of 'slave' (doulos) in certain contexts. The 2016 edition included further word changes and updated textual bases, with a notable revision in Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation. The 2025 edition reverted some 2016 changes in Genesis and altered John 1:18.

The 2025 ESV text edition changed the rendering of John 1:18 from 'the only God' to 'God the only Son'.

Answer: True

The 2025 ESV text edition changed the rendering of John 1:18 from 'the only God' to 'God the only Son'.

Related Concepts:

  • What specific change was made to the rendering of John 1:18 in the 2025 ESV text edition?: In the 2025 text edition of the ESV, John 1:18 was revised from 'the only God' to 'God the only Son,' aiming for greater precision in conveying the theological meaning of the original Greek text.
  • What notable revisions have been made to the ESV text since its initial publication?: The ESV text has undergone several revisions. A 2002 correction addressed perceived translation mistakes, such as changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin" in Romans 3:9. The 2011 edition made minor changes to improve grammar and precision, notably altering Isaiah 53:5 to "pierced for our transgressions" and modifying the translation of 'slave' (doulos) in certain contexts. The 2016 edition included further word changes and updated textual bases, with a notable revision in Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation. The 2025 edition reverted some 2016 changes in Genesis and altered John 1:18.
  • What was the initial policy announced by Crossway regarding future ESV text revisions after 2016, and what led to its subsequent reversal?: Following the 2016 revision, Crossway initially announced that the ESV text would remain unchanged in all future editions. However, this policy was abandoned the following month, with Crossway apologizing for the decision and stating it was a mistake. The policy was changed to allow for periodic updates to the text based on biblical scholarship, textual discoveries, or changes in the English language over time.

Which specific biblical passage was revised in the 2016 ESV Permanent Text Edition to reflect a complementarian interpretation?

Answer: Genesis 3:16

The 2016 ESV Permanent Text Edition notably revised Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation.

Related Concepts:

  • What specific changes were implemented in the 2016 ESV Permanent Text Edition concerning Genesis 3:16?: In the 2016 ESV Permanent Text Edition, Genesis 3:16 was revised to use a complementarian interpretation. The phrase 'shall be toward' was changed to 'shall be contrary to,' reflecting a specific understanding of the Hebrew word 'teshuvah' in relation to the woman's desire and her husband's rule over her. The previous rendering was retained in footnotes for editions that include them.
  • What notable revisions have been made to the ESV text since its initial publication?: The ESV text has undergone several revisions. A 2002 correction addressed perceived translation mistakes, such as changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin" in Romans 3:9. The 2011 edition made minor changes to improve grammar and precision, notably altering Isaiah 53:5 to "pierced for our transgressions" and modifying the translation of 'slave' (doulos) in certain contexts. The 2016 edition included further word changes and updated textual bases, with a notable revision in Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation. The 2025 edition reverted some 2016 changes in Genesis and altered John 1:18.

The ESV Catholic Edition (ESV-CE) includes which additional section of books compared to standard Protestant Bibles?

Answer: The Deuterocanonical books

The ESV Catholic Edition (ESV-CE) includes the deuterocanonical books.

Related Concepts:

  • How did the ESV become the basis for specific Catholic and Anglican editions?: In 2018, the Conference of Catholic Bishops of India published the ESV Catholic Edition (ESV-CE), which includes the deuterocanonical books and incorporates modifications based on Vatican translation principles. This edition was later published in North America as 'The Augustine Bible.' In 2019, Anglican Liturgy Press published the 'ESV with Apocrypha,' featuring Apocrypha text revisions approved by the ESV Translation Oversight Committee.

In the 2011 ESV text edition, what specific change was made to the rendering of Isaiah 53:5?

Answer: Changed from 'wounded' to 'pierced'

The 2011 ESV text edition changed the rendering of Isaiah 53:5 from 'wounded for our transgressions' to 'pierced for our transgressions'.

Related Concepts:

  • What specific change was made to the rendering of Isaiah 53:5 in the 2011 ESV text edition?: In the 2011 text edition of the ESV, Isaiah 53:5 was revised from 'wounded for our transgressions' to 'pierced for our transgressions.' This change was made to improve consistency and precision in meaning, aligning it with renderings found in other translations like the New American Standard Bible.
  • What notable revisions have been made to the ESV text since its initial publication?: The ESV text has undergone several revisions. A 2002 correction addressed perceived translation mistakes, such as changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin" in Romans 3:9. The 2011 edition made minor changes to improve grammar and precision, notably altering Isaiah 53:5 to "pierced for our transgressions" and modifying the translation of 'slave' (doulos) in certain contexts. The 2016 edition included further word changes and updated textual bases, with a notable revision in Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation. The 2025 edition reverted some 2016 changes in Genesis and altered John 1:18.

What was the initial policy announced by Crossway regarding future ESV text revisions after the 2016 edition, and what was its subsequent fate?

Answer: The text would remain unchanged; the policy was later abandoned.

Crossway initially announced that the ESV text would remain unchanged after 2016, but this policy was subsequently reversed.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the initial policy announced by Crossway regarding future ESV text revisions after 2016, and what led to its subsequent reversal?: Following the 2016 revision, Crossway initially announced that the ESV text would remain unchanged in all future editions. However, this policy was abandoned the following month, with Crossway apologizing for the decision and stating it was a mistake. The policy was changed to allow for periodic updates to the text based on biblical scholarship, textual discoveries, or changes in the English language over time.
  • What notable revisions have been made to the ESV text since its initial publication?: The ESV text has undergone several revisions. A 2002 correction addressed perceived translation mistakes, such as changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin" in Romans 3:9. The 2011 edition made minor changes to improve grammar and precision, notably altering Isaiah 53:5 to "pierced for our transgressions" and modifying the translation of 'slave' (doulos) in certain contexts. The 2016 edition included further word changes and updated textual bases, with a notable revision in Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation. The 2025 edition reverted some 2016 changes in Genesis and altered John 1:18.
  • How is the ESV's relationship to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) best described?: The ESV is derived from the 1971 text edition of the Revised Standard Version (RSV). Crossway obtained the rights to use and modify the RSV text as the starting point for the ESV. Approximately eight percent of the 1971 RSV text was revised for the ESV's initial publication in 2001, with a stated goal of removing perceived liberal influences and aligning the translation with evangelical scholarship.

The designation 'ESVUK' refers to:

Answer: An Anglicized Edition of the ESV published in the UK.

The ESVUK refers to the Anglicized Edition of the English Standard Version, published in the United Kingdom.

Related Concepts:

  • What does the designation 'ESVUK' refer to?: The ESVUK is the Anglicized Edition of the English Standard Version, published in the United Kingdom by Collins in 2002. It features anglicized spelling.

What was the stated purpose of the 2009 *English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha*, published by Oxford University Press?

Answer: To provide the Apocrypha for denominations using it in liturgical readings and for historical study.

The 2009 edition of the *English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha* was intended to provide the Apocrypha for denominations using these books in liturgical readings and for historical study.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the stated purpose of the 2009 edition of the *English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha*, published by Oxford University Press?: The 2009 *English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha*, published by Oxford University Press, included the Apocrypha placed at the back of the Bible. It was intended for denominations that use these books in liturgical readings and for students who need them for historical study purposes.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.

In the 2025 ESV text edition, what specific change was made to the rendering of John 1:18?

Answer: Changed from 'the only God' to 'God the only Son'

The 2025 ESV text edition changed the rendering of John 1:18 from 'the only God' to 'God the only Son'.

Related Concepts:

  • What specific change was made to the rendering of John 1:18 in the 2025 ESV text edition?: In the 2025 text edition of the ESV, John 1:18 was revised from 'the only God' to 'God the only Son,' aiming for greater precision in conveying the theological meaning of the original Greek text.
  • What notable revisions have been made to the ESV text since its initial publication?: The ESV text has undergone several revisions. A 2002 correction addressed perceived translation mistakes, such as changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin" in Romans 3:9. The 2011 edition made minor changes to improve grammar and precision, notably altering Isaiah 53:5 to "pierced for our transgressions" and modifying the translation of 'slave' (doulos) in certain contexts. The 2016 edition included further word changes and updated textual bases, with a notable revision in Genesis 3:16 to reflect a complementarian interpretation. The 2025 edition reverted some 2016 changes in Genesis and altered John 1:18.
  • What is the ESV's position on the use of the theological term 'propitiation' in its translation?: The ESV committee decided to restore the theological term 'propitiation' to certain verses, including Romans 3:25, Hebrews 2:17, and 1 John 2:2 and 4:10. This decision reflects a commitment to using precise theological language where it accurately represents the original Greek term.

Scholarly Reception and Public Impact

As of early 2025, over 315 million copies of the ESV have been printed.

Answer: True

As of February 2025, Crossway announced that over 315 million copies of the ESV have been printed.

Related Concepts:

  • As of February 2025, what is the approximate number of ESV copies that have been printed?: As of February 2025, Crossway announced that over 315 million copies of the ESV have been printed. The distribution numbers show significant growth, with 100 million by 2015, 250 million by 2021, 290 million by 2023, 300 million by 2024, and projected 315 million by 2025.
  • What was the significance of the ESV reaching the #1 position on the ECPA Bestsellers chart in October 2024?: In October 2024, the ESV became the number one selling Bible translation on the ECPA Bible Translations Bestsellers monthly chart for the first time since the chart began in December 2011. This also marked the first time in five years that the New International Version (NIV) lost its top position.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

The ESV Study Bible, published in 2008, was the first study Bible ever to win the Christian Book of the Year award.

Answer: True

The ESV Study Bible, published in 2008, was the first study Bible to receive the Christian Book of the Year award from the ECPA.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV Study Bible, and what significant recognition has it received?: The ESV Study Bible, published by Crossway in 2008, is a comprehensive study Bible that uses the ESV text. It has been highly successful, selling over one million copies by 2008 and over 2.5 million by September 2024. In 2009, it was named Christian Book of the Year by the Evangelical Christian Publishers Association (ECPA), the first time the award was given to a study Bible.
  • What was the significance of the ESV Study Bible receiving the ECPA Christian Book of the Year award?: The *ESV Study Bible* winning the ECPA Christian Book of the Year award in 2009 was significant because it was the first time in the award's 30-year history that a study Bible received this honor, highlighting its impact and quality.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.

The ESV is considered to have a reading level suitable for college graduates.

Answer: False

The ESV is generally considered to have a reading level suitable for an eighth-grade education in the United States, not college graduates.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the approximate reading level of the ESV, and what are the implications of this designation?: The ESV has a reading level estimated at the eighth-grade level in the United States. This suggests it is intended to be accessible and understandable to a broad audience, balancing scholarly accuracy with readability for the average reader.
  • What is the approximate reading level of the ESV?: The ESV is noted to have a reading level suitable for an eighth-grade education in the United States.
  • What is the ESV's literary attribute concerning its use of the English language?: The ESV is praised for its superior use of the English language, balancing precision with readability. Its translators prioritized literary excellence, resulting in a translation that is considered beautiful to read and more refined than some of its contemporaries.

The ESV's website address is www.esvbible.org.

Answer: False

The official website for the ESV is www.esv.org, not www.esvbible.org.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the official website address for the ESV?: The official website for the ESV is www.esv.org.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

As of February 2025, what is the approximate number of ESV copies that have been printed?

Answer: Over 315 million

As of February 2025, Crossway announced that over 315 million copies of the ESV have been printed.

Related Concepts:

  • As of February 2025, what is the approximate number of ESV copies that have been printed?: As of February 2025, Crossway announced that over 315 million copies of the ESV have been printed. The distribution numbers show significant growth, with 100 million by 2015, 250 million by 2021, 290 million by 2023, 300 million by 2024, and projected 315 million by 2025.
  • What was the significance of the ESV reaching the #1 position on the ECPA Bestsellers chart in October 2024?: In October 2024, the ESV became the number one selling Bible translation on the ECPA Bible Translations Bestsellers monthly chart for the first time since the chart began in December 2011. This also marked the first time in five years that the New International Version (NIV) lost its top position.
  • What was the initial publication date of the ESV?: The ESV was officially published in September 2001.

What significant recognition did the ESV Study Bible receive in 2009 from the ECPA?

Answer: Christian Book of the Year

The ESV Study Bible, published in 2008, was the first study Bible to receive the Christian Book of the Year award from the ECPA.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the ESV Study Bible receiving the ECPA Christian Book of the Year award?: The *ESV Study Bible* winning the ECPA Christian Book of the Year award in 2009 was significant because it was the first time in the award's 30-year history that a study Bible received this honor, highlighting its impact and quality.
  • What is the ESV Study Bible, and what significant recognition has it received?: The ESV Study Bible, published by Crossway in 2008, is a comprehensive study Bible that uses the ESV text. It has been highly successful, selling over one million copies by 2008 and over 2.5 million by September 2024. In 2009, it was named Christian Book of the Year by the Evangelical Christian Publishers Association (ECPA), the first time the award was given to a study Bible.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

What is the approximate reading level designated for the ESV in the United States, according to common assessments?

Answer: Eighth grade

The ESV is generally considered to have a reading level suitable for an eighth-grade education in the United States.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the approximate reading level of the ESV, and what are the implications of this designation?: The ESV has a reading level estimated at the eighth-grade level in the United States. This suggests it is intended to be accessible and understandable to a broad audience, balancing scholarly accuracy with readability for the average reader.
  • What is the approximate reading level of the ESV?: The ESV is noted to have a reading level suitable for an eighth-grade education in the United States.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.

What was the significance of the ESV reaching the #1 spot on the ECPA Bestsellers chart in October 2024?

Answer: It marked the first time the NIV lost its top position in five years.

In October 2024, the ESV reached the #1 position on the ECPA Bestsellers chart, marking the first time the NIV lost its top spot in five years.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the ESV reaching the #1 position on the ECPA Bestsellers chart in October 2024?: In October 2024, the ESV became the number one selling Bible translation on the ECPA Bible Translations Bestsellers monthly chart for the first time since the chart began in December 2011. This also marked the first time in five years that the New International Version (NIV) lost its top position.
  • What was the significance of the ESV Study Bible receiving the ECPA Christian Book of the Year award?: The *ESV Study Bible* winning the ECPA Christian Book of the Year award in 2009 was significant because it was the first time in the award's 30-year history that a study Bible received this honor, highlighting its impact and quality.
  • What is the ESV Study Bible, and what significant recognition has it received?: The ESV Study Bible, published by Crossway in 2008, is a comprehensive study Bible that uses the ESV text. It has been highly successful, selling over one million copies by 2008 and over 2.5 million by September 2024. In 2009, it was named Christian Book of the Year by the Evangelical Christian Publishers Association (ECPA), the first time the award was given to a study Bible.

What initiative did Crossway launch in November 2022 to facilitate the distribution of ESV Bibles?

Answer: The One Million Bibles Initiative

In November 2022, Crossway launched the 'One Million Bibles Initiative' to fund and distribute ESV Bibles.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the ESV's role in the 'Global South' initiative launched by Crossway?: In 2022, Crossway began an initiative to fund and distribute one million ESV Bibles throughout English-speaking regions in the Global South, with a focus on Africa and Asia. This project aims to provide Bibles to Christians and pastors in low-income communities.
  • What was the ESV's role in Crossway's 'One Million Bibles Initiative' launched in November 2022?: In November 2022, Crossway launched the 'One Million Bibles Initiative' to fund and distribute one million ESV Bibles, primarily in English-speaking regions of the Global South, focusing on Africa and Asia. This project aims to provide study Bibles and other editions to Christians and pastors in low-income communities to combat biblical illiteracy and false teaching.

What is the primary typeface employed by Crossway for its print editions of the ESV?

Answer: Lexicon

For its print editions, Crossway primarily uses the Lexicon serif typeface.

Related Concepts:

  • What are the primary typefaces employed by Crossway for its print editions of the ESV?: For its print editions, Crossway primarily uses the Lexicon serif typeface. For the ESV.org website and the ESV Bible app, the default font is Sentinel, a serif typeface, with Gotham also offered as a sans-serif alternative.
  • What is the English Standard Version (ESV)?: The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible rendered in contemporary English. It was first published in 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. The ESV is described as a translation that adheres to an "essentially literal" philosophy, aiming for "word-for-word" accuracy while considering the nuances of grammar, syntax, and idiom between English and the original biblical languages.
  • To which religious tradition is the ESV primarily associated?: The ESV is associated with the Evangelical tradition, with its translation team composed of evangelical scholars and pastors, and its publisher, Crossway, described as an evangelical ministry.

Interpretive Debates and Critical Perspectives

The ESV translation committee intentionally uses gender-neutral language whenever possible to align with contemporary Western cultural norms.

Answer: False

The ESV translation committee aims to preserve the original text's literal rendering, using gender-neutral language only when it maintains contextual meaning, rather than intentionally adopting contemporary Western cultural norms.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's stated position regarding gender-neutral language?: The ESV translation committee states its goal is to render the original text literally, which includes using gender-neutral language only in specific cases where it preserves contextual meaning. The committee aims for transparency to the original text, allowing readers to understand it on its own terms rather than solely through the lens of contemporary Western culture. However, this approach has also been a subject of debate and criticism.
  • What is the ESV's stated stance on translating gendered language as it appears in the original texts?: The ESV translation committee aims for literal translation, which means preserving the original text's use of gendered language where it appears. They state their objective is transparency to the original text, allowing readers to understand it on its own terms, rather than imposing contemporary cultural norms, though this has led to debate.
  • What was the ESV's position on gender-neutral language, particularly in the context of the TNIV controversy?: The ESV was developed partly in response to concerns about gender-neutral language in translations like the Today's New International Version (TNIV). While the ESV aims for literal translation and generally avoids gender-neutral language, its approach and the underlying philosophy were debated, with figures like Wayne Grudem defending the ESV's choices against criticisms of inconsistency or perceived omissions.

Samuel L. Perry argued in 2021 that the ESV intentionally obscured the Bible's promotion of slavery and antisemitism.

Answer: True

In 2021, Samuel L. Perry argued that ESV editors intentionally obscured potentially negative social interpretations of the text, such as those concerning slavery and antisemitism.

Related Concepts:

  • What argument did Samuel L. Perry present in his 2021 article, 'Whitewashing Evangelical Scripture'?: In his 2021 article, Samuel L. Perry argued that ESV editors progressively re-translated lexically ambiguous terms and introduced footnotes to obscure the Bible's perceived promotion of slavery and antisemitism. He suggested that the ESV sought to establish 'intransitivity' between the text and potentially pejorative social interpretations, thereby 'whitewashing' evangelical scripture.

The ESV's use of 'mankind' and 'brothers' has been criticized by the Association of Catholic Priests for being out of sync with modern usage.

Answer: True

The ESV's use of terms like 'mankind' and 'brothers' has been criticized by groups such as the Association of Catholic Priests for being perceived as out of sync with modern usage.

Related Concepts:

  • What criticism did the Association of Catholic Priests articulate against the ESV in 2020?: In 2020, the Association of Catholic Priests criticized the ESV for its use of terms like 'mankind,' stating that such language was 'out of sync with modern usage' and perceived as diminishing and disrespectful towards women, contrasting with modern usage of gender-neutral language.
  • What has been the nature of the controversy surrounding the ESV and its approach to gender-neutral language?: While the ESV generally aims for literal translation, its use of terms like "mankind" and "brothers" has drawn criticism from some who advocate for more inclusive language. Conversely, scholars like Mark L. Strauss have critiqued the ESV for inconsistent application of gender-neutral language, while others, like Samuel L. Perry, have argued that the ESV made intentional changes to align with conservative, complementarian interpretations, thereby manipulating the text itself. The ESV committee maintains its goal is literal accuracy and transparency to the original text.
  • What is the ESV's stated position regarding gender-neutral language?: The ESV translation committee states its goal is to render the original text literally, which includes using gender-neutral language only in specific cases where it preserves contextual meaning. The committee aims for transparency to the original text, allowing readers to understand it on its own terms rather than solely through the lens of contemporary Western culture. However, this approach has also been a subject of debate and criticism.

The ESV translation committee's stated goal regarding gender-neutral language is primarily to:

Answer: Preserve the original text's literal rendering, using gender-neutral language only when it maintains contextual meaning.

The ESV translation committee aims to preserve the original text's literal rendering, using gender-neutral language only when it maintains contextual meaning.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the ESV's stated stance on translating gendered language as it appears in the original texts?: The ESV translation committee aims for literal translation, which means preserving the original text's use of gendered language where it appears. They state their objective is transparency to the original text, allowing readers to understand it on its own terms, rather than imposing contemporary cultural norms, though this has led to debate.
  • What is the ESV's stated position regarding gender-neutral language?: The ESV translation committee states its goal is to render the original text literally, which includes using gender-neutral language only in specific cases where it preserves contextual meaning. The committee aims for transparency to the original text, allowing readers to understand it on its own terms rather than solely through the lens of contemporary Western culture. However, this approach has also been a subject of debate and criticism.
  • What was the ESV's position on gender-neutral language, particularly in the context of the TNIV controversy?: The ESV was developed partly in response to concerns about gender-neutral language in translations like the Today's New International Version (TNIV). While the ESV aims for literal translation and generally avoids gender-neutral language, its approach and the underlying philosophy were debated, with figures like Wayne Grudem defending the ESV's choices against criticisms of inconsistency or perceived omissions.

What did Samuel L. Perry argue regarding the ESV in his 2021 article, 'Whitewashing Evangelical Scripture'?

Answer: That the ESV editors intentionally obscured potentially negative social interpretations of the text, like those concerning slavery.

In 2021, Samuel L. Perry argued that ESV editors intentionally obscured potentially negative social interpretations of the text, such as those concerning slavery and antisemitism.

Related Concepts:

  • What argument did Samuel L. Perry present in his 2021 article, 'Whitewashing Evangelical Scripture'?: In his 2021 article, Samuel L. Perry argued that ESV editors progressively re-translated lexically ambiguous terms and introduced footnotes to obscure the Bible's perceived promotion of slavery and antisemitism. He suggested that the ESV sought to establish 'intransitivity' between the text and potentially pejorative social interpretations, thereby 'whitewashing' evangelical scripture.

Which of the following is a criticism leveled against the ESV by the Association of Catholic Priests in 2020?

Answer: Its use of terms like 'mankind' was perceived as diminishing towards women.

In 2020, the Association of Catholic Priests criticized the ESV for its use of terms like 'mankind,' stating that such language was perceived as diminishing towards women.

Related Concepts:

  • What criticism did the Association of Catholic Priests articulate against the ESV in 2020?: In 2020, the Association of Catholic Priests criticized the ESV for its use of terms like 'mankind,' stating that such language was 'out of sync with modern usage' and perceived as diminishing and disrespectful towards women, contrasting with modern usage of gender-neutral language.
  • What has been the nature of the controversy surrounding the ESV and its approach to gender-neutral language?: While the ESV generally aims for literal translation, its use of terms like "mankind" and "brothers" has drawn criticism from some who advocate for more inclusive language. Conversely, scholars like Mark L. Strauss have critiqued the ESV for inconsistent application of gender-neutral language, while others, like Samuel L. Perry, have argued that the ESV made intentional changes to align with conservative, complementarian interpretations, thereby manipulating the text itself. The ESV committee maintains its goal is literal accuracy and transparency to the original text.
  • What argument did Samuel L. Perry present in his 2021 article, 'Whitewashing Evangelical Scripture'?: In his 2021 article, Samuel L. Perry argued that ESV editors progressively re-translated lexically ambiguous terms and introduced footnotes to obscure the Bible's perceived promotion of slavery and antisemitism. He suggested that the ESV sought to establish 'intransitivity' between the text and potentially pejorative social interpretations, thereby 'whitewashing' evangelical scripture.

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