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Total Categories: 6
Euboea is the largest Greek island by size and population.
Answer: False
Euboea is recognized as the second-largest island in Greece by both land area and population, surpassed only by Crete.
Euboea is separated from the region of Boeotia by the narrow Euripus Strait, measuring about 40 meters at its narrowest point.
Answer: True
Euboea is situated off the coast of mainland Greece, separated from Boeotia by the narrow Euripus Strait, which measures approximately 40 meters (130 feet) at its narrowest point.
Euboea is characterized by an elongated, narrow shape, stretching approximately 180 kilometers in length.
Answer: True
Euboea possesses an elongated, narrow morphology, extending approximately 180 kilometers (110 miles) in length. Its width fluctuates significantly, from roughly 50 kilometers (31 miles) to as little as 6 kilometers (3.7 miles).
It is believed that Euboea was once part of the mainland and was subsequently separated by an earthquake.
Answer: True
Geological evidence suggests Euboea was once contiguous with the mainland, subsequently becoming an island due to seismic activity, a theory supported by its proximity to fault lines and historical seismic events.
Dirfi is the highest mountain on Euboea, reaching over 1700 meters.
Answer: True
Euboea is characterized by a substantial mountain range extending along its length, featuring prominent peaks such as Dirfi, Kantili, and Pyxaria in the northeast, and Ochi in the southern sector.
Ochi is the highest peak on Euboea.
Answer: False
Mount Dirfi represents the highest elevation on Euboea, attaining an altitude of 1,743 meters (5,719 feet).
Euboea primarily experiences a polar climate.
Answer: False
The predominant climate across Euboea is Mediterranean, classified as Csa under the Köppen system, marked by hot, arid summers and temperate, moist winters.
Euboea's climate is classified as Csa under the Köppen system, indicating a Mediterranean climate.
Answer: True
Euboea's climate conforms to the Csa classification within the Köppen system, indicative of a Mediterranean climate featuring hot, dry summers.
Greek National Road 77 covers the northwestern, northern, and western sections of Euboea.
Answer: True
Euboea is served by two principal national roads: Greek National Road 44, traversing the central, southern, and southeastern regions, and Greek National Road 77, which extends through the northwestern, northern, and western sectors.
Euboea is connected to the Greek mainland by two suspension bridges.
Answer: True
Contemporary Euboea is linked to the Greek mainland via two suspension bridges. One bridge is situated in Chalcis, offering access from Thebes, while the second bridge bypasses Chalcis, providing access from Athens.
The tidal currents in the Euripus Strait are known for their consistency and lack of change.
Answer: False
The Euripus Strait is noted for its pronounced tidal fluctuations, characterized by rapid shifts in current direction and velocity, a phenomenon recognized since antiquity and historically perceived as hazardous by mariners.
Euboea's total land area is 3,684 square kilometers.
Answer: True
Euboea possesses a total land area of 3,684 square kilometers, equivalent to 1,422 square miles.
What is Euboea's rank among Greek islands in terms of size and population?
Answer: Second-largest
Euboea is separated from mainland Greece by which narrow strait?
Answer: Euripus Strait
Euboea is characterized by which general shape and approximate length?
Answer: Elongated and narrow, approximately 180 km long
What geological event is theorized to have separated Euboea from the mainland?
Answer: Earthquake
What is the highest point on Euboea, and what is its elevation?
Answer: Mount Dirfi, 1,743 meters
Euboea's prevalent climate is classified as:
Answer: Csa (Mediterranean)
According to the 2001 census, what was the population of Euboea?
Answer: 198,130
How is Euboea connected to the Greek mainland in contemporary times?
Answer: By two suspension bridges.
What is notable about the tidal currents in the Euripus Strait?
Answer: They shift direction and velocity rapidly.
Euboea's total land area is 3,684 square kilometers. What is this equivalent to in square miles?
Answer: 1,422 square miles
Macris and Doliche were ancient names for Euboea, reflecting its shape.
Answer: True
Historically, Euboea was designated by several ancient names, such as Macris and Doliche, referencing its elongated form. Other appellations included Ellopia, Aonia, and Abantis, derived from indigenous tribes.
The name Euboea originates from Greek words meaning 'good' and 'ox'.
Answer: True
The nomenclature 'Euboea' derives from the Ancient Greek terms 'eu' (good) and 'boos' (ox), translating to 'the land of the well-fed oxen'.
During the Middle Ages, Euboea was commonly known as Negroponte, meaning 'Black Bridge'.
Answer: True
Throughout the Middle Ages, Euboea was frequently referred to as Chalcis or Euripos by Byzantine scholars. The designation Negroponte, signifying 'Black Bridge,' arose from Italian folk etymology associated with the Chalcis bridge, gaining prominence during Venetian governance.
The name Negroponte evolved from the Greek phrase 'steno Evripon' through rebracketing and association with the Chalcis bridge.
Answer: True
The appellation Negroponte is hypothesized to have originated from a rebracketing of the Greek phrase 'steno Evripon' (meaning 'to Evripos') into 'sto Nevripon,' with the Italian term 'ponte' (bridge) subsequently linked to the Chalcis bridge.
The Ottoman Empire referred to Euboea as 'Eğriboz', derived from the Euripus Strait.
Answer: True
During Ottoman administration, the island and its principal city were designated as Eğriboz or Ağriboz, a nomenclature also derived from the Euripus Strait.
The modern spelling of the island's name is Evia.
Answer: True
The contemporary orthography of the island's name is Evia.
Which of the following was NOT an ancient name associated with Euboea?
Answer: Byzantium
The name Euboea originates from the Ancient Greek words 'eu' and 'boos', meaning:
Answer: 'Land of the well-fed oxen'
The name Negroponte, meaning 'Black Bridge', is believed to have evolved from:
Answer: A rebracketing of the Greek phrase 'steno Evripon'.
What name did the Ottoman Empire use for Euboea and its capital?
Answer: Eğriboz
Chalcis and Eretria were instrumental in establishing colonies in Magna Graecia and Sicily.
Answer: True
The historical narrative of ancient Euboea is significantly shaped by its principal cities, Chalcis and Eretria. These Ionian Greek settlements played a pivotal role in founding numerous colonies across Magna Graecia and Sicily, thereby expanding Hellenic influence and establishing crucial trade arteries.
The Euboic scale of weights and measures was influential and adopted by many Ionic cities.
Answer: True
The Euboic system of weights and measures exerted considerable influence in antiquity, adopted by numerous Ionic city-states and utilized in Athens until the late 7th century BC, underscoring the economic significance of Euboea's urban centers.
Classicist Barry B. Powell suggested Euboea might be where the Greek alphabet was first used.
Answer: True
The classicist Barry B. Powell posits that Euboea may have served as the locus for the initial adoption of the Greek alphabet, circa 775-750 BC. Furthermore, scholarly speculation suggests the epic poet Homer may have resided on the island for a period.
The Lelantine War was fought between Chalcis and Eretria.
Answer: True
The Lelantine War constituted a significant early conflict in Hellenic history, contested between the rival Euboean cities of Chalcis and Eretria, and involving a multitude of other Greek city-states.
Eretria was destroyed by the Persians in 490 BC due to its involvement in the Ionian revolt.
Answer: True
In 490 BC, Eretria suffered destruction at the hands of Persian forces due to its participation in the Ionian Revolt. Despite subsequent re-establishment near its original location following the Battle of Marathon, the city never regained its prior prominence.
Athens considered Euboea strategically vital for resources like grain and cattle, and for defensive purposes.
Answer: True
Athens deemed Euboea strategically indispensable for securing resources such as grain and cattle, and for defensive considerations. Athenian actions included the invasion of Chalcis in 506 BC, the settlement of Attic Greeks on its territory, and the suppression of a revolt in 446 BC, solidifying the island's status as an Athenian dependency.
Euboea was incorporated into the Roman Republic during the second century BC.
Answer: True
Post the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC, Euboea fell under the dominion of Philip II of Macedon, and subsequently, during the second century BC, it was integrated into the Roman Republic.
The Euboean League operated from the Hellenistic through the Roman Imperial periods.
Answer: True
The Euboean League functioned as the governing body for the island, spanning from the early Hellenistic era through the Roman Imperial period, signifying a structured political and economic framework for Euboea's constituent cities.
The philosopher Aristotle died on Euboea in 322 BC.
Answer: True
The esteemed philosopher Aristotle died on Euboea in 322 BC, having taken up residence at his family estate in Chalcis subsequent to his departure from Athens.
Which two ancient Euboean cities were instrumental in establishing colonies in Magna Graecia and Sicily?
Answer: Chalcis and Eretria
What was the significance of the Euboic scale of weights and measures?
Answer: It was adopted by many Ionic cities and used in Athens.
The Lelantine War was a significant early conflict fought between which two rival cities on Euboea?
Answer: Chalcis and Eretria
What fate befell Eretria during the Persian Wars in 490 BC?
Answer: It was destroyed by Persian armies due to its involvement in the Ionian revolt.
Why did Athens consider Euboea strategically vital?
Answer: For grain and cattle resources and defensive purposes.
Following the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC, Euboea came under the dominion of:
Answer: Philip II of Macedon
The promontory of Canaeum on Euboea is historically associated with which mythological event?
Answer: The death of the hero Heracles
Where did the philosopher Aristotle die in 322 BC?
Answer: Euboea
Euboea regained independence from Athens by 410 BC.
Answer: True
Euboea achieved the restoration of its independence from Athenian control by 410 BC, amidst the context of the Peloponnesian War.
Euboea was heavily devastated by barbarian raids in the early medieval period.
Answer: False
Owing to its relative isolation, Euboea experienced minimal devastation from barbarian incursions prevalent in late antiquity and the early medieval period, thereby preserving a degree of prosperity, as indicated by archaeological findings from the 7th century.
Euboea gained prominence in the Middle Ages when divided into three baronies by Lombard families.
Answer: True
Following the Fourth Crusade, Euboea rose to prominence upon its occupation by Lombard families, who partitioned it into three baronies, establishing the Triarchy of Negroponte. Subsequently, Venetian influence expanded, culminating in Venetian sovereignty and control over the island's commerce.
Venetian influence grew significantly on Euboea, eventually leading to full sovereignty.
Answer: True
The Ottoman Empire, under the command of Sultan Mehmed II, subjugated Euboea from Venetian control on July 12, 1470, concluding a protracted and arduous siege of its capital, Negroponte (Chalcis).
The Ottoman Empire conquered Euboea from Venice in 1470.
Answer: True
On July 12, 1470, the heavily fortified city of Negroponte (Chalcis) was captured by the Ottoman Empire, under Sultan Mehmed II, from the Republic of Venice, concluding a prolonged and intense siege.
Albanian settlement on Euboea began around 1402, encouraged by the Venetians.
Answer: True
Albanian migration to Euboea commenced circa 1402, facilitated by Venetian encouragement. Notable waves of settlement occurred in 1425 and 1435, with these Albanian populations eventually integrating with the island's established Greek populace.
Euboea was integrated into the Kingdom of Greece after the Greek War of Independence.
Answer: True
Subsequent to the conclusion of the Greek War of Independence in 1830, Euboea was formally incorporated into the newly constituted independent Kingdom of Greece.
When did Euboea regain its independence from Athenian control?
Answer: During the Peloponnesian War (by 410 BC)
How did Euboea's experience during the early medieval period differ from other Byzantine regions?
Answer: It was largely spared from barbarian raids and maintained prosperity.
What significant event in the Middle Ages led to Euboea's prominence and division into baronies?
Answer: Lombard occupation
On what date did the Ottoman Empire conquer Euboea from Venice?
Answer: July 12, 1470
When did significant Albanian settlements begin on Euboea, encouraged by the Venetians?
Answer: 15th century
Euboea officially became part of the modern Greek state following:
Answer: The Greek War of Independence
Magnesite is extracted in Mantoudi and Limni on Euboea.
Answer: True
Euboea's economy is bolstered by mining activities, including magnesite extraction in Mantoudi and Limni, lignite exploitation in Aliveri, and iron and nickel extraction from the Dirfys region. Marble quarrying occurs near Eretria, and asbestos mining is conducted in the northeastern sector of Carystus.
Lignite is mined in the northern part of Euboea, near Dirfys.
Answer: False
Euboea's economy is bolstered by mining activities, including magnesite extraction in Mantoudi and Limni, lignite exploitation in Aliveri, and iron and nickel extraction from the Dirfys region. Marble quarrying occurs near Eretria, and asbestos mining is conducted in the northeastern sector of Carystus.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a mineral resource exploited on Euboea?
Answer: Bauxite
Von Hahn reported in 1854 that northern Euboea was predominantly Albanian.
Answer: False
Johann Georg Von Hahn's 1854 report indicated that southern Euboea, excluding Karystos, was predominantly Albanian, with an estimated 25,000 Albanian inhabitants out of a total island population of 72,368.
Sfyria is a whistled language found in the village of Antia on Euboea.
Answer: True
The village of Antia, situated in southern Euboea, is distinguished by its unique whistled language, known as sfyria. This linguistic practice involves a whistled rendition of spoken Greek, employing specific tones and frequencies to convey letters and syllables.
The 2021 forest fire in northern Euboea destroyed less than 10,000 hectares.
Answer: False
In 2021, northern Euboea experienced a catastrophic forest fire that persisted for a week, resulting in the destruction of over 50,000 hectares of forest and agricultural land, classifying it among the most extensive fires in recent Greek history.
Arvanite communities are found in the northern regions of Euboea.
Answer: False
Euboea is home to Arvanite communities, predominantly situated in the southern areas, where monolingual Arvanitika speakers resided in roughly 60 villages until the 1970s. Furthermore, Sarakatsani and Vlach populations are present in the mountainous central and northern regions, though their nomadic traditions have largely diminished.
Sarakatsani and Vlachs are found in the mountainous central and northern areas of Euboea.
Answer: True
Euboea is home to Arvanite communities, predominantly situated in the southern areas, where monolingual Arvanitika speakers resided in roughly 60 villages until the 1970s. Furthermore, Sarakatsani and Vlach populations are present in the mountainous central and northern regions, though their nomadic traditions have largely diminished.
Dystos lake experienced ecological damage in the 1980s due to farmers setting fires.
Answer: True
During the 1980s, Dystos Lake suffered ecological damage resulting from farmers intentionally setting fires to the vegetation within the lakebed to expand arable land, despite subsequent partial regeneration.
According to Von Hahn's 1854 report, what was the predominant ethnic group in southern Euboea in 1854, excluding Karystos?
Answer: Albanians
What is the unique whistled language found in the village of Antia on Euboea called?
Answer: Sfyria
What major environmental disaster affected northern Euboea in 2021?
Answer: A major forest fire
What environmental incident occurred at Dystos lake in the 1980s?
Answer: Farmers setting fire to grass for farmland