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King Charles I's attempt to arrest five Members of Parliament occurred in the House of Commons on January 4, 1642.
Answer: True
The historical event of King Charles I's attempt to arrest five Members of Parliament took place within the chamber of the House of Commons on January 4, 1642.
King Charles I entered the House of Commons chamber accompanied by approximately eighty armed men who followed him inside.
Answer: False
While King Charles I entered the House of Commons chamber, the approximately eighty armed men accompanying him remained in the lobby, not inside the chamber itself.
The immediate outcome of the attempted arrest was that the Five Members were successfully apprehended and imprisoned by the King.
Answer: False
The immediate outcome was the failure of the arrest; the Five Members had already departed the House, and the King's action significantly undermined his authority and contributed to the ensuing conflict.
The Five Members learned of the King's impending arrival from a loyal Parliamentarian informant within the King's guard.
Answer: False
The Five Members were alerted to King Charles I's impending arrival not by an informant within the King's guard, but rather through communication from the French Ambassador.
The Five Members returned to Parliament accompanied by a large contingent of royal guards for protection.
Answer: False
Upon their return, the Five Members were accompanied by a large contingent of cheering citizens and decorated barges, not royal guards, symbolizing popular support for Parliament.
When Charles I lamented 'all my birds have flown,' he was referring to his soldiers who had deserted him.
Answer: False
King Charles I's lament 'all my birds have flown' referred to the Five Members of Parliament whom he had intended to arrest but who had already escaped the chamber.
Roxburghe assisted King Charles I by helping to arrest the Five Members inside the chamber.
Answer: False
Roxburghe's role was to prop open the doors of the Commons chamber, allowing members to see the armed soldiers waiting outside, rather than assisting in the arrest of the Five Members inside.
The French Ambassador warned the Five Members of the King's approach, enabling their escape.
Answer: True
The Five Members received timely warning of King Charles I's approach from the French Ambassador, which allowed them to depart the House of Commons and evade arrest.
Charles I sent a message to the Lord Mayor of London forbidding him from deploying men to protect Parliament before entering the House of Commons.
Answer: True
Prior to entering the House of Commons, King Charles I dispatched a message to the Lord Mayor of London, instructing him to prevent the deployment of any forces intended to protect Parliament, thereby attempting to neutralize potential opposition.
The Elector Palatine accompanied King Charles I into the House of Commons chamber during the attempted arrest.
Answer: True
The Elector Palatine, likely Charles I Louis, accompanied King Charles I into the House of Commons chamber during the attempted arrest of the Five Members.
What was the central event that marked the historical significance of the "Five Members"?
Answer: King Charles I's attempt to arrest five Members of Parliament within the House of Commons.
The historical significance of the 'Five Members' is intrinsically linked to King Charles I's unprecedented attempt to arrest them within the House of Commons on January 4, 1642, an act that profoundly escalated the conflict between Crown and Parliament.
Where did King Charles I attempt to arrest the Five Members?
Answer: Within the English House of Commons.
King Charles I's attempt to arrest the Five Members occurred within the chamber of the English House of Commons on January 4, 1642.
What was the immediate outcome of King Charles I's attempt to arrest the Five Members?
Answer: The attempt failed because the Members had already left, alienating supporters and contributing to the Civil War.
The immediate outcome was the failure of the arrest, as the targeted Members had departed. This action significantly alienated potential supporters of the Crown and is considered a major catalyst for the English Civil War.
How did the Five Members learn of King Charles I's impending arrival?
Answer: Through the French Ambassador.
The Five Members received advance knowledge of King Charles I's impending arrival at the House of Commons through communication from the French Ambassador.
What action did King Charles I take to minimize armed opposition before entering the House of Commons?
Answer: He sent a message to the Lord Mayor forbidding the deployment of men to protect Parliament.
Before entering the House of Commons, King Charles I sent a message to the Lord Mayor of London, instructing him to prevent the deployment of any forces intended to protect Parliament, thereby attempting to neutralize potential opposition.
How did the Five Members return to Parliament, symbolizing their regained standing?
Answer: They returned by barge, accompanied by cheering citizens.
The Five Members made a triumphant return to Parliament by barge, accompanied by a large procession of cheering citizens, symbolizing the public's support for Parliament and the King's diminished standing in London.
What does the phrase 'all my birds have flown' signify in the context of King Charles I's actions?
Answer: His intended targets (the Five Members) had escaped.
King Charles I's lament, 'all my birds have flown,' signified his frustration and failure upon discovering that the Five Members of Parliament whom he had intended to arrest had already departed the House.
What was the role of Roxburghe during King Charles I's entry into the House of Commons?
Answer: He held the door open, allowing members to see the armed soldiers outside.
Roxburghe played a role in the King's entry by propping open the doors to the Commons chamber, thereby allowing the Members inside to observe the armed contingent waiting in the lobby.
What was the significance of the King sending a message to the Lord Mayor of London before entering the Commons?
Answer: To prevent the City from deploying forces to protect Parliament.
The King's message to the Lord Mayor was significant as it aimed to prevent the City of London from deploying its forces to protect Parliament, thereby neutralizing potential opposition to his actions.
Who was the French Ambassador mentioned in the source?
Answer: He warned the Five Members about the King's approach.
The French Ambassador played a crucial role by warning the Five Members of King Charles I's impending arrival, enabling their timely escape from the House of Commons.
What was the significance of the Five Members receiving word of the King's approach from the French Ambassador?
Answer: It enabled their escape, preventing the King's immediate objective.
The significance of the warning from the French Ambassador lay in its enabling the Five Members to escape, thus thwarting King Charles I's immediate objective of arresting them and preventing a potentially explosive confrontation.
The phrase 'all my birds have flown' was spoken by King Charles I in reference to:
Answer: The Members of Parliament he intended to arrest.
King Charles I's utterance, 'all my birds have flown,' was a direct reference to the Five Members of Parliament whom he had intended to arrest but who had already departed the House.
King Charles I accused the Five Members of encouraging the Scots to invade England during the Bishops' Wars.
Answer: True
Among his accusations, King Charles I alleged that the Five Members had encouraged the Scots to invade England, referencing the conflicts known as the Bishops' Wars.
Rumors that Parliament intended to impeach Queen Henrietta Maria contributed to Charles I's decision to accuse the MPs of treason.
Answer: True
The perception that Parliament intended to impeach Queen Henrietta Maria, likely due to her Catholic faith and perceived influence, significantly heightened King Charles I's animosity and contributed to his decision to accuse the MPs of treason.
The term 'impeach' in relation to Queen Henrietta Maria referred to a royal pardon she was seeking.
Answer: False
The term 'impeach' in this context referred to the parliamentary process of formally accusing someone of serious wrongdoing or treason, not a royal pardon.
Which of the following was NOT among the accusations King Charles I made against the Five Members?
Answer: Conspiring with foreign powers to overthrow the monarchy.
While King Charles I accused the Five Members of encouraging Scottish invasion and planning to impeach the Queen, the specific accusation of 'conspiring with foreign powers to overthrow the monarchy' is not listed as one of his primary charges against them in this context.
The term 'impeach' in the context of Queen Henrietta Maria suggests:
Answer: Parliament was planning to formally accuse her of serious wrongdoing.
The term 'impeach' in this context refers to Parliament's power to formally accuse individuals, including the Queen, of serious offenses against the state or the monarch.
The Five Members King Charles I sought to arrest were John Hampden, Arthur Haselrig, Denzil Holles, John Pym, and William Strode.
Answer: True
The individuals targeted by King Charles I's attempted arrest were indeed John Hampden, Arthur Haselrig, Denzil Holles, John Pym, and William Strode, prominent figures in the House of Commons.
Edward Montagu, Viscount Mandeville, was one of the Five Members King Charles I attempted to arrest.
Answer: False
Edward Montagu, Viscount Mandeville, was accused by King Charles I alongside the Five Members, but he was not one of the five individuals directly targeted for arrest within the House of Commons.
Lord Digby advised King Charles I to wait for Parliament to approve the arrest warrant before acting.
Answer: False
Lord Digby, along with Queen Henrietta Maria, advised King Charles I to personally confront Parliament and attempt the arrests with armed men, rather than waiting for a warrant.
Who were the individuals King Charles I attempted to arrest on January 4, 1642?
Answer: John Hampden, Arthur Haselrig, Denzil Holles, John Pym, and William Strode.
The specific individuals King Charles I sought to arrest on January 4, 1642, were John Hampden, Arthur Haselrig, Denzil Holles, John Pym, and William Strode.
What advice did Queen Henrietta Maria give King Charles I regarding the arrest?
Answer: She urged him to personally go to the House with armed men to carry out the arrests.
Queen Henrietta Maria reportedly urged King Charles I to personally confront the Members in the House of Commons with armed men, famously stating he should 'pull those rogues out by the ears'.
Who was Edward Montagu, Viscount Mandeville, in relation to the Five Members incident?
Answer: He was a peer accused by Charles I alongside the Five Members.
Edward Montagu, Viscount Mandeville, was a peer who, along with the Five Members, was accused by King Charles I of treasonous activities, though he was not one of the five directly targeted for arrest within the Commons.
What does the source suggest about Queen Henrietta Maria's influence on King Charles I's actions?
Answer: She actively encouraged him to take decisive, forceful action against the MPs.
The source suggests Queen Henrietta Maria exerted significant influence, actively encouraging King Charles I to take decisive and forceful action against the Members of Parliament.
King Charles I left London on January 10, 1642, and did not return to the capital for seven years until his trial and execution.
Answer: True
Following the failed attempt and escalating tensions, King Charles I departed London on January 10, 1642. He would not return to the capital until his trial and subsequent execution seven years later.
King Charles I readily approved the Militia Bill proposed by Parliament, transferring army control.
Answer: False
King Charles I vehemently refused to approve the Militia Bill, famously stating, 'By God! Not for an hour!', as it sought to transfer control of the army from the monarch to Parliament.
Parliament bypassed the King's refusal by passing the Militia Bill on its own authority as the Militia Ordinance.
Answer: True
In March 1642, following the King's refusal, Parliament enacted the Militia Bill on its own authority, designating it the Militia Ordinance, thereby asserting its power over military matters.
The Inns of Court supported King Charles I's actions by declaring their loyalty to the Crown.
Answer: False
Contrary to supporting the King, the Inns of Court declared their support for Parliament following the attempted arrest, indicating a significant shift in allegiance away from the Crown.
The citizens of London generally viewed King Charles I's actions as a legitimate exercise of royal authority.
Answer: False
The citizens of London largely viewed King Charles I's actions as tyrannical, leading to widespread public outcry and strengthening support for Parliament.
King Charles I's departure from London after the incident marked the end of his reign.
Answer: False
King Charles I's departure from London on January 10, 1642, marked the beginning of his prolonged absence from the capital, not the end of his reign, though it presaged his eventual downfall and execution seven years later.
The Militia Ordinance, passed by Parliament, granted the King control over the army.
Answer: False
The Militia Ordinance, passed by Parliament on its own authority, transferred control of the army from the King to Parliament, a key point of contention.
King Charles I attempted to assert authority over London by ordering the City to provide him with more troops.
Answer: False
Instead of ordering troops, King Charles I attempted to assert authority by demanding the City of London surrender the Five Members, a request that was ultimately defied.
King Charles I's strategy in attempting the arrest was ultimately successful in restoring his authority.
Answer: False
King Charles I's strategy was ultimately unsuccessful; the failed arrest alienated many, escalated tensions, and directly contributed to the outbreak of the English Civil War, rather than restoring his authority.
What was the reaction in London following the King's failed attempt to arrest the Five Members?
Answer: The city was thrown into uproar, with citizens volunteering for defense.
Following the King's failed attempt, London erupted in uproar, with citizens volunteering for defense and barricading the city, demonstrating widespread opposition to the King's actions.
Why did King Charles I vehemently refuse to approve the Militia Bill?
Answer: He saw it as transferring control of the army from the monarch to Parliament, which he opposed.
King Charles I refused the Militia Bill because it represented a fundamental challenge to his royal prerogative, seeking to transfer control of the kingdom's armed forces from the monarch to Parliament.
What action did Parliament take in March 1642 after the King's refusal of the Militia Bill?
Answer: They issued the Militia Ordinance on their own authority.
Following the King's refusal to approve the Militia Bill, Parliament proceeded to enact it on its own authority as the Militia Ordinance, a decisive step that significantly heightened tensions.
Which group declared their support for Parliament, defying the King's proclamation regarding the Five Members?
Answer: The City officers and the Inns of Court.
The City officers of London and the Inns of Court declared their support for Parliament, actively defying King Charles I's proclamation concerning the Five Members.
What was the core disagreement regarding the Militia Bill?
Answer: Control over the kingdom's armed forces.
The core disagreement surrounding the Militia Bill centered on the fundamental issue of control over the kingdom's armed forces, with Parliament seeking to transfer this power from the monarch.
What does the source imply about the effectiveness of Charles I's strategy in dealing with Parliament during this period?
Answer: His actions were miscalculated, counterproductive, and led directly to civil war.
The source implies that Charles I's strategy was profoundly miscalculated and counterproductive, as his forceful actions alienated key groups and directly precipitated the English Civil War.
How did the City of London and the Inns of Court respond to the King's actions?
Answer: They declared their support for Parliament, defying the King.
In response to the King's actions, the City of London and the Inns of Court declared their support for Parliament, thereby defying the King's authority and bolstering the parliamentary cause.
What was the primary objective of Parliament in pressing the King to approve the Militia Bill?
Answer: To transfer control of the army from the monarch to Parliament.
Parliament's primary objective in advocating for the Militia Bill was to secure control over the kingdom's armed forces, thereby shifting military authority from the monarch to the legislative body.
The primary reason for the strained relationship between Charles I and Parliament in 1641 was a dispute over religious reforms and perceived foreign influence.
Answer: True
The strained relationship was indeed fueled by disputes over religious reforms, particularly Puritan concerns, and fears of Catholic plots and foreign influence, contributing to a climate of deep distrust.
The 'Long Parliament' refers to a brief parliamentary session convened in response to the attempted arrest.
Answer: False
The 'Long Parliament' was not a brief session; it was the Parliament that convened in 1640 and continued, with significant modifications, until 1660, encompassing the period of the attempted arrest and the subsequent Civil War.
The 'Bishops' Wars' were conflicts between King Charles I and the Kingdom of Scotland.
Answer: True
The 'Bishops' Wars' were a series of conflicts that occurred between King Charles I and the Kingdom of Scotland during the 1630s, contributing to the political tensions that preceded the English Civil War.
What was a primary factor fueling the strained relationship between King Charles I and the House of Commons in 1641?
Answer: Concerns about Puritan influence and fears of Catholic plots.
A primary factor fueling the strained relationship was the King's perceived alignment with Catholic interests and fears of Puritan opposition, exacerbated by accusations of plots and foreign influence.
The conflict known as the 'Bishops' Wars' involved:
Answer: Conflicts between King Charles I and the Kingdom of Scotland.
The 'Bishops' Wars' were a series of conflicts that arose between King Charles I and the Kingdom of Scotland, stemming from religious and political disputes.
Which of the following best describes the broader political context leading up to the attempted arrest?
Answer: Increasingly strained relations between King Charles I and Parliament.
The period leading up to the attempted arrest was characterized by increasingly strained relations between King Charles I and Parliament, marked by disputes over power, religion, and governance.
The phrase 'Long Parliament' refers to:
Answer: The Parliament convened in 1640 that continued until 1660.
The term 'Long Parliament' denotes the English Parliament that convened in 1640 and remained in session, albeit with significant changes, until 1660, making it a historically enduring legislative body.
What role did Puritan influence play in the political context described?
Answer: King Charles I believed certain MPs, influenced by Puritans, were opposing him.
Puritan influence was a significant factor in the political climate, as King Charles I perceived certain Members of Parliament, influenced by Puritanism, as actively opposing his authority and policies.
The annual State Opening of Parliament includes a symbolic act representing the independence of the House of Commons.
Answer: True
The State Opening of Parliament features a symbolic act, the slamming of the Commons' doors in the face of Black Rod, which serves to represent and reinforce the independence and privileges of the House of Commons.
The Victorian painting by Charles West Cope depicts Oliver Cromwell kneeling before King Charles I during the attempted arrest.
Answer: False
The Victorian painting by Charles West Cope depicts Speaker William Lenthall kneeling before King Charles I, not Oliver Cromwell, during the attempted arrest of the Five Members.
The film *Cromwell* accurately portrays the historical figures involved in the attempted arrest of the Five Members.
Answer: False
The 1970 film *Cromwell* presents historical inaccuracies, notably by replacing two of the actual Five Members (Denzil Holles and William Strode) with Oliver Cromwell and Henry Ireton in its depiction of the event.
The symbolic act during the State Opening of Parliament involves Black Rod knocking three times on the door of the House of Lords.
Answer: False
The symbolic act during the State Opening of Parliament involves Black Rod knocking on the door of the House of Commons, not the House of Lords, as part of the ceremony to summon the Commons.
The 1970 film *Cromwell* correctly identifies Oliver Cromwell as one of the Five Members targeted for arrest.
Answer: False
The 1970 film *Cromwell* inaccurately portrays Oliver Cromwell as one of the Five Members targeted for arrest; the actual individuals were John Hampden, Arthur Haselrig, Denzil Holles, John Pym, and William Strode.
How is the event of the attempted arrest of the Five Members commemorated during the State Opening of Parliament?
Answer: The doors to the Commons chamber are slammed shut in the face of Black Rod.
The annual State Opening of Parliament commemorates the historical assertion of parliamentary privilege through the symbolic act of slamming the doors of the Commons chamber in the face of Black Rod, the monarch's messenger.
What inaccuracy does the film *Cromwell* (1970) present regarding the Five Members?
Answer: It replaces Denzil Holles and William Strode with Oliver Cromwell and Henry Ireton.
The film *Cromwell* (1970) inaccurately depicts Oliver Cromwell and Henry Ireton as two of the Five Members targeted for arrest, whereas the historical figures were Denzil Holles and William Strode.
The event where Black Rod's summons is denied entry to the Commons chamber during the State Opening symbolizes:
Answer: The House of Commons' independence and privilege.
The symbolic denial of entry to Black Rod during the State Opening of Parliament represents the historical assertion of the House of Commons' independence and its inherent privileges against royal authority.
The Victorian painting by Charles West Cope depicts which significant moment?
Answer: Speaker Lenthall refusing the King's demand, affirming parliamentary rights.
The Victorian painting by Charles West Cope captures the pivotal moment when Speaker William Lenthall refused King Charles I's demand, thereby affirming the rights and privileges of Parliament.