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Total Categories: 7
The genitive case's primary function is to indicate the agent of an action, analogous to a verb's subject.
Answer: False
While a subjective genitive can refer to the agent of an action, the primary function of the genitive case is to establish an attributive relationship, modifying another noun.
The genitive case can function adverbially in certain linguistic contexts.
Answer: True
The genitive case is capable of serving adverbial functions, a phenomenon sometimes referred to as the 'adverbial genitive'.
The genitive construction is a category entirely distinct from the genitive case.
Answer: False
The genitive construction is a broader category that encompasses the genitive case. Possessive constructions are considered subsets of the genitive construction.
An objective genitive refers to the agent of an action.
Answer: False
An objective genitive denotes the patient or recipient of an action, analogous to the object of a verb, whereas a subjective genitive refers to the agent.
The genitive case is commonly abbreviated as 'gen.' in linguistic discourse.
Answer: True
In linguistic contexts, the genitive case is conventionally abbreviated as 'gen.' for brevity and clarity.
What is the fundamental role of the genitive case according to the source material?
Answer: To modify another word, typically a noun, establishing an attributive relationship.
The fundamental role of the genitive case is to modify another word, most commonly a noun, thereby establishing an attributive relationship.
What is a 'subjective genitive' primarily associated with?
Answer: The agent of an action, similar to a subject.
A subjective genitive is primarily associated with denoting the agent of an action, functioning analogously to the subject of a verb.
Which of the following is presented as an example of an 'objective genitive' in the source material?
Answer: 'the love of music'
'The love of music' is cited as an example of an objective genitive, where 'music' is the patient of the action 'love'.
What is the primary function of the genitive construction?
Answer: To show a relationship between two nouns, often possession or modification.
The primary function of a genitive construction is to establish a relationship, typically one of possession or modification, between two nouns.
What is the common abbreviation for the genitive case?
Answer: gen.
The standard abbreviation for the genitive case in linguistic contexts is 'gen.'.
Possessive grammatical constructions are considered:
Answer: Subsets of the genitive construction.
Possessive grammatical constructions are understood as subsets within the broader category of the genitive construction.
In Modern English, the genitive relationship is exclusively expressed using the possessive suffix "-'s".
Answer: False
Modern English also utilizes prepositional phrases (e.g., 'of X') and possessive forms of pronouns to express genitive relationships, in addition to the "-'s" suffix.
In German, the genitive singular definite article for masculine and neuter nouns is 'der'.
Answer: False
The genitive singular definite article for masculine and neuter nouns in German is 'des', not 'der'.
Old English possessed a genitive case that significantly influenced the development of Modern English possessive forms.
Answer: True
The Old English genitive case laid the foundation for Modern English possessive markers, such as the "-'s" suffix and possessive pronouns.
The English possessive marker "-'s" is universally classified as a true case marker because it attaches exclusively to the head noun.
Answer: False
The English possessive marker "-'s" is often considered a clitic rather than a true case marker, as it can attach to entire noun phrases (e.g., 'the King of France's war'), not just the head noun.
In German, singular masculine and neuter nouns in the strong declension typically take the ending "-en" in the genitive case.
Answer: False
Singular masculine and neuter nouns in the strong declension typically take the ending "-(e)s" in the German genitive case, not "-en".
Modern English utilizes possessive adjectives such as 'his' and 'their,' which are etymologically derived from Old English genitive forms.
Answer: True
Possessive adjectives like 'his' and 'their' in Modern English have their origins in the Old English genitive case.
In German, adjectives not preceded by an article take the '-en' ending in the genitive case.
Answer: False
When German adjectives are not preceded by an article in the genitive case, they typically take the '-er' ending for masculine/neuter and '-e' for feminine/plural, not '-en'.
The genitive case in German is frequently employed to denote possession or the relationship between nouns.
Answer: True
German extensively utilizes the genitive case for indicating possession and establishing relationships between nouns, as in 'die Farbe des Himmels' (the color of the sky).
The genitive case in Modern English is classified as a clitic.
Answer: True
The possessive marker "-'s" in Modern English is often analyzed as a clitic, reflecting its attachment behavior to noun phrases rather than strict case inflection.
The genitive case in German is rarely employed with verbs.
Answer: False
While less common than other cases, the genitive case is indeed used with certain German verbs, particularly in formal or literary registers.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a method for expressing genitive relationships in Modern English?
Answer: The genitive case ending '-n'
The genitive case ending '-n' is characteristic of languages like Finnish, not Modern English, which uses "-'s", prepositional phrases, and possessive pronouns.
According to the source, what is a key distinction between the English possessive marker "-'s" and a conventional case marker?
Answer: It attaches to the entire noun phrase, not solely the head noun.
A significant difference is that the English possessive marker "-'s" attaches to the entire noun phrase, unlike traditional case markers which typically affix only to the head noun.
In German grammar, what is the genitive singular definite article for feminine and plural nouns?
Answer: der
In German, the definite article for feminine and plural nouns in the genitive case is 'der'.
Which of the following is a common German preposition that governs the genitive case?
Answer: statt (instead of)
'Statt' (instead of) is a common German preposition that requires the genitive case.
What is the genitive case ending for singular masculine nouns in the weak declension in German?
Answer: -en
Singular masculine nouns in the weak declension in German typically take the ending "-(e)n" in the genitive case.
In the context of German adjectives, what ending do they take in the genitive case when preceded by a definite article?
Answer: -en for all genders and numbers
When preceded by a definite article, German adjectives in the genitive case consistently take the '-en' ending across all genders and numbers.
The source indicates that in German, genitive personal pronouns are typically found in:
Answer: Formal, literary, or archaic contexts
Genitive personal pronouns in German are predominantly encountered in formal, literary, or archaic contexts rather than everyday speech.
Bulgarian and Macedonian are Slavic languages that decline nouns and adjectives for the genitive case.
Answer: False
Bulgarian and Macedonian are notable exceptions among Slavic languages, as they do not decline nouns and adjectives for the genitive case.
The genitive case in Polish is utilized to express negation in specific grammatical contexts.
Answer: True
In Polish, as in other Slavic languages, the genitive case can be employed to mark negation, even in the absence of a possessive relationship.
The genitive case in Russian can indicate that an action affects only a portion of the direct object.
Answer: True
In Russian, the genitive case can function as a partial direct object, signifying that an action impacts only a portion of the object, contrasting with the accusative case which denotes complete involvement.
The genitive case in Russian employs endings such as '-u/-yu' to specifically denote a portion of uncountable nouns.
Answer: True
Russian utilizes specific genitive endings, such as '-u/-yu,' to indicate a partitive sense, particularly with uncountable nouns, distinguishing it from the standard genitive '-a/-ya'.
In Polish, Russian, and Belarusian, the genitive case can be used for what purpose besides possession?
Answer: To express negation.
In Polish, Russian, and Belarusian, the genitive case serves the function of expressing negation, independent of its possessive role.
The genitive case in Russian can function as a partial direct object to indicate:
Answer: That an action affects only a portion of the object.
In Russian, the genitive case can indicate that an action affects only a portion of the direct object, contrasting with the accusative case which implies complete involvement.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a language that features a genitive case?
Answer: Macedonian
Macedonian is cited as a Slavic language that does not decline for the genitive case, unlike Albanian, Sanskrit, and Gothic, which are mentioned as having genitive case features.
Which of the following is a Slavic language mentioned as NOT declining for the genitive case?
Answer: Bulgarian
Bulgarian is identified as a Slavic language that does not decline nouns and adjectives for the genitive case, unlike Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian.
Finnish employs the genitive case suffix "-n," which can sometimes induce stem modifications.
Answer: True
The Finnish genitive case is typically marked by the suffix "-n," and this suffix can indeed trigger stem changes, particularly through consonant gradation.
In Hungarian, the genitive case suffix "-é" is used when the possessor is the direct object of the sentence.
Answer: False
The Hungarian genitive case suffix "-é" is primarily employed when the possessor functions as the predicate of the sentence, not when it is the direct object.
The genitive case in Finnish shares the same suffix as the accusative case, leading to potential ambiguity.
Answer: True
A notable feature of Finnish grammar is that the genitive case suffix is homophonous with the accusative case suffix, potentially causing ambiguity.
The genitive case in Estonian has largely retained the '-n' suffix found in Finnish.
Answer: False
Estonian has largely lost the '-n' genitive suffix characteristic of Finnish; its genitive forms typically end in a vowel.
Which language is cited as having a genitive case suffix "-é" used primarily when the possessor is the predicate?
Answer: Hungarian
Hungarian utilizes the genitive case suffix "-é" predominantly when the possessor functions as the predicate of the sentence.
Which language is mentioned as having largely lost the genitive marker '-n' that is characteristic of Finnish?
Answer: Estonian
Estonian is noted for having largely lost the '-n' genitive suffix found in Finnish, typically using vowel endings instead.
What is the common genitive case suffix in Finnish?
Answer: -n
The typical suffix used to mark the genitive case in Finnish is '-n'.
The genitive case in Finnish has a suffix that is homophonous with the suffix for which other case?
Answer: Accusative
The genitive case suffix in Finnish is homophonous with the suffix for the accusative case, leading to potential ambiguity.
The genitive case in Classical Greek assimilated the functions of the ablative case.
Answer: True
Classical Greek absorbed the functions of the Proto-Indo-European ablative case into its genitive case.
The genitive case marker '-k' combined with the ergative marker '-e' is found in the cuneiform inscription 'Lugal Kiengi Kiuri'.
Answer: True
The cuneiform inscription 'Lugal Kiengi Kiuri' (King of Sumer and Akkad) highlights the combination of the genitive marker '-k' and the ergative marker '-e' in ancient Sumerian.
The genitive case in Classical Greek assimilated the functions of which other case?
Answer: Ablative
In Classical Greek, the genitive case absorbed the functions previously held by the ablative case.
Which of the following is a modern scientific application of Latin genitives mentioned in the source?
Answer: Biological nomenclature like 'Buddleja davidii'
Latin genitives are applied in modern scientific contexts, such as in biological nomenclature, exemplified by 'Buddleja davidii'.
The genitive case in Arabic is referred to as 'al-majrūr,' meaning 'lowered'.
Answer: False
While 'al-majrūr' is an Arabic term for the genitive case, it translates to 'dragged' or 'lowered,' not exclusively 'lowered'.
The Japanese genitive relationship is typically expressed using the particle 'no'.
Answer: True
In Japanese, the particle 'no' is the standard means of indicating a genitive or possessive relationship.
The genitive case marker in Turkish is a single suffix applied universally to the possessed item.
Answer: False
Turkish genitive formation involves a suffix on the possessor and a possessive suffix on the possessed item, not a single marker on the possessed item.
In Mandarin Chinese, the particle 'de' (的) is invariably required to indicate the genitive case.
Answer: False
While 'de' (的) is the primary particle for the genitive in Mandarin Chinese, it can be omitted in certain contexts, particularly when referring to close relationships.
The genitive case in Kannada requires the suffix '-na' for all nouns ending in 'a'.
Answer: False
Kannada genitive case endings vary; while '-na' is used for some nouns ending in 'a' (masculine/feminine), neuter nouns ending in 'a' take '-da', and other vowel endings have different suffixes.
The genitive case in Arabic primarily indicates ownership or follows a preposition.
Answer: True
The primary functions of the genitive case in Arabic are to denote ownership and to mark nouns that immediately follow a preposition.
The genitive case in Tamil is signified by the particle 'de'.
Answer: False
The genitive case in Tamil is signified by the words 'uṭaiya' or 'in,' not the particle 'de'.
The genitive case in Armenian is typically formed using the suffix '-e'.
Answer: False
The genitive case in Armenian is generally formed with the suffix '-i', although some words exhibit irregular formations.
The genitive case in Albanian utilizes clitics that are determined by the gender and number of the possessor.
Answer: False
Albanian genitive clitics are determined by the gender and number of the *possessed object*, not the possessor.
The genitive case in Irish is formed using specific particles placed after the noun.
Answer: False
Irish genitive formation involves lenition (softening) of the initial consonant of the noun and, in some cases, the use of prepositions or articles, rather than particles placed after the noun.
The genitive case in Tamil can be signified by the word(s) 'uṭaiya' or 'in'.
Answer: True
Tamil signifies the genitive case through the use of the words 'uṭaiya' or 'in'.
The genitive case is absent in most Turkic languages.
Answer: False
The genitive case is present in most Turkic languages, typically marked by specific suffixes.
Which Semitic language is mentioned as currently preserving genitive case marking?
Answer: Arabic
Among Semitic languages, Arabic is cited as the one that currently preserves genitive case marking.
What particle is used in Mandarin Chinese to indicate the genitive relationship?
Answer: de
The particle 'de' (的) is employed in Mandarin Chinese to signify the genitive relationship.
The phrase 'barr an chnoic' is given as an example of the genitive case in which language?
Answer: Irish
The phrase 'barr an chnoic' (top of the hill) is provided as an example of the genitive case in the Irish language.
In Tamil, the genitive case is signified by the word(s):
Answer: uṭaiya or in
The genitive case in Tamil is indicated by the words 'uṭaiya' or 'in'.
The genitive case in Arabic is referred to by which two terms?
Answer: Al-majrūr and Al-makhfūḍ
The genitive case in Arabic is known by the terms 'al-majrūr' (meaning 'dragged' or 'lowered') and 'al-makhfūḍ' (meaning 'hidden').
What does the genitive case in Arabic primarily signify?
Answer: Ownership or a noun following a preposition.
The genitive case in Arabic primarily signifies ownership or marks nouns that follow a preposition.
The phrase 'neko-no te' (cat's paw) is an example of the genitive relationship in which language?
Answer: Japanese
'Neko-no te' (cat's paw) exemplifies the genitive relationship in Japanese, where 'no' serves as the genitive particle.
The genitive case in Armenian is generally formed by adding which suffix?
Answer: -i
The genitive case in Armenian is typically formed by appending the suffix '-i'.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the genitive case in Arabic?
Answer: Serving as the subject of a verb.
The genitive case in Arabic primarily indicates ownership, marks nouns following prepositions, and modifies other nouns; it does not serve as the subject of a verb.
The genitive case in Kannada requires most postpositions to take which case?
Answer: Genitive
In Kannada, the majority of postpositions necessitate that the noun they govern be in the genitive case.
The phenomenon of 'suffixaufnahme' involves the genitive marking appearing on both the modifying noun and the noun it modifies.
Answer: True
'Suffixaufnahme' describes a linguistic process where genitive marking is applied to both the possessor noun and the possessed noun within a phrase.
The source describes 'suffixaufnahme' as a phenomenon where:
Answer: The genitive marker appears on both the modifying noun and the noun it modifies.
'Suffixaufnahme' is defined as the occurrence of genitive marking on both the noun phrase that modifies and the noun that is modified.
What is described as a 'Genitive absolute' construction?
Answer: A noun phrase in the genitive case used independently for contextual information.
A 'Genitive absolute' is a construction where a noun phrase in the genitive case is used independently to provide contextual information for the main clause.