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Taiwan's official name is the Republic of China (ROC), and it is situated approximately 180 kilometers east of Mainland China.
Answer: False
While Taiwan's official name is the Republic of China (ROC) and it is situated approximately 180 kilometers from Mainland China, the statement's precise geographical description may be considered an oversimplification or not fully aligned with the detailed location provided in the source material.
The former Western name for Taiwan, 'Formosa,' is derived from a Portuguese phrase meaning 'beautiful island.'
Answer: True
The historical Western appellation for Taiwan, 'Formosa,' originates from the Portuguese phrase "Ilha Formosa," which indeed translates to 'beautiful island,' reflecting early European observations of the island's landscape.
The island of Taiwan constitutes roughly 50% of the land area currently controlled by the Republic of China (ROC).
Answer: False
The island of Taiwan comprises approximately 99% of the land area administered by the Republic of China (ROC), indicating that the main island represents the vast majority of the ROC's territory.
Taiwan is bordered by the Pacific Ocean to its west and the East China Sea to its east.
Answer: False
Taiwan is bordered by the East China Sea to the north, the Philippine Sea to its east, the Luzon Strait to its south, and the South China Sea to its southwest, not the Pacific Ocean to the west.
Besides the main island, the ROC also administers the Penghu archipelago and the Pratas Islands.
Answer: True
In addition to the main island, the Republic of China (ROC) administers several other territories, including the Penghu archipelago, Kinmen and Matsu Islands, and the Pratas and Taiping Islands.
Taiwan's terrain is divided into rugged mountains in the west and flat plains in the east.
Answer: False
Taiwan's terrain is generally characterized by flat to gently rolling plains in the west and rugged, forest-covered mountains dominating the eastern two-thirds of the island.
The eastern part of Taiwan is characterized by five parallel mountain ranges extending approximately 330 km north to south.
Answer: True
The eastern region of Taiwan is indeed characterized by five parallel mountain ranges that extend roughly 330 km from north to south, forming a significant mountainous landscape.
The Central Mountain Range forms the island's principal watershed and has gentle eastern slopes.
Answer: False
The Central Mountain Range serves as the island's principal watershed, but its eastern slopes are known for their steepness and ruggedness, marked by gorges and fault scarps, rather than being gentle.
Yu Shan (Jade Mountain), Taiwan's tallest peak, is located within the Central Mountain Range.
Answer: True
Yu Shan (Jade Mountain), recognized as Taiwan's tallest peak, is situated within the Yushan Range, which lies along the southwestern flank of the Central Mountain Range.
Yu Shan's elevation of 3,952 meters makes Taiwan the highest island in the world by its highest point.
Answer: False
While Yu Shan's elevation of 3,952 meters is significant, it ranks Taiwan as the fourth-highest island globally by its highest point, not the highest.
The Chianan Plain is the largest plain in Taiwan and contains a significant portion of the island's arable land.
Answer: True
The Chianan Plain, located in the southwest, is indeed the largest plain in Taiwan and encompasses a substantial amount of the island's arable land, contributing significantly to its agricultural output.
The designation of Taiwan as the world's fourth-highest island refers to its population density.
Answer: False
Taiwan's designation as the world's fourth-highest island relates to the elevation of its highest peak, Yu Shan, not its population density.
The Penghu islands are located in the Taiwan Strait and have a combined area of 127 square kilometers.
Answer: True
The Penghu islands are situated in the Taiwan Strait and possess a combined land area of approximately 127 square kilometers (49 square miles).
What is the official name of Taiwan, and where is it geographically located?
Answer: Republic of China (ROC), located in East Asia.
Taiwan's official designation is the Republic of China (ROC), and it is geographically situated in East Asia.
Until after World War II, Taiwan was known in the West by which name, derived from a Portuguese phrase?
Answer: Formosa, meaning 'beautiful island.'
The former Western name for Taiwan, 'Formosa,' is derived from the Portuguese phrase "Ilha Formosa," which translates to 'beautiful island.'
What percentage of the ROC-controlled territory does the main island of Taiwan represent?
Answer: Approximately 99%
The main island of Taiwan constitutes approximately 99% of the total land area currently administered by the Republic of China (ROC).
Which body of water borders Taiwan to its east?
Answer: Philippine Sea
The Philippine Sea borders Taiwan to its east.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a territory administered by the ROC besides the main island?
Answer: Okinawa Islands
The Okinawa Islands are not administered by the ROC; the ROC administers territories such as the Penghu archipelago, Kinmen, Matsu, Pratas, and Taiping Islands.
How is Taiwan's terrain generally divided?
Answer: Plains in the west and rugged mountains in the east.
Taiwan's terrain is generally divided into plains in the western regions and rugged mountains in the eastern parts of the island.
What is the elevation of Yu Shan (Jade Mountain), Taiwan's tallest peak?
Answer: 3,952 meters (12,966 ft)
Yu Shan, Taiwan's tallest peak, stands at an elevation of 3,952 meters (12,966 ft).
How does Yu Shan's height rank Taiwan among islands globally by its highest point?
Answer: Fourth highest
With Yu Shan as its highest point, Taiwan ranks as the fourth-highest island globally based on the elevation of its tallest peak.
Which is the largest plain in Taiwan, covering over half of the island's arable land?
Answer: Chianan Plain
The Chianan Plain, situated in the southwest, is the largest plain in Taiwan and encompasses more than half of the island's arable land.
Taiwan was formed approximately 10 to 15 million years ago due to volcanic activity.
Answer: False
The island of Taiwan was formed approximately 4 to 5 million years ago as a result of tectonic plate convergence, specifically between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate, rather than solely volcanic activity over a longer period.
Along Taiwan's length, the Philippine Sea Plate generally slides underneath the Eurasian Plate.
Answer: False
The tectonic interaction is complex; while the Philippine Sea Plate slides under the Eurasian Plate in the northeast and east, along a boundary running the length of the island, the Eurasian Plate slides underneath the Philippine Sea Plate.
The main island of Taiwan is characterized as a fault block tilted towards the east.
Answer: False
The main island of Taiwan is geologically characterized as a large fault block that is tilted towards the west, influencing its terrain features.
The western part of Taiwan consists primarily of sedimentary deposits scraped from the descending edge of the Eurasian Plate.
Answer: True
The western regions and central range of Taiwan are predominantly composed of sedimentary deposits that have been accumulated from the descending edge of the Eurasian Plate.
Taiwan experiences a low number of earthquakes annually, typically fewer than 100.
Answer: False
Due to its active tectonic boundary, Taiwan experiences a high frequency of seismic activity, with 800 to 1,000 noticeable earthquakes annually, far exceeding the stated number.
Active submarine volcanoes are a significant geological feature found in the Taiwan Straits.
Answer: True
The Taiwan Straits are characterized by the presence of numerous active submarine volcanoes, a direct consequence of the region's dynamic geological setting.
Taiwan was formed approximately 4 to 5 million years ago at a complex boundary between which two tectonic plates?
Answer: Philippine Sea Plate and Eurasian Plate
Taiwan's formation approximately 4 to 5 million years ago occurred at the complex convergent boundary between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate.
How does the Eurasian Plate interact with the Philippine Sea Plate in the northeast and east of Taiwan?
Answer: The Philippine Sea Plate slides under the Eurasian Plate.
In the northeast and east of Taiwan, the Philippine Sea Plate subducts, sliding underneath the Eurasian Plate.
What is the primary geological characteristic of the main island of Taiwan?
Answer: A large fault block tilted towards the west.
The main island of Taiwan is primarily characterized as a large fault block that exhibits a westward tilt.
What material primarily forms the western part of Taiwan and its central range?
Answer: Sedimentary deposits scraped from the Eurasian Plate
The western portion of Taiwan and its central range are predominantly composed of sedimentary deposits that have been scraped from the descending edge of the Eurasian Plate.
Taiwan's tectonic boundary is highly active, resulting in how many noticeable earthquakes annually?
Answer: Approximately 800 to 1,000
Due to its highly active tectonic boundary, Taiwan experiences between 800 and 1,000 noticeable earthquakes each year.
Taiwan's location across the Tropic of Cancer means it experiences a predominantly polar climate.
Answer: False
Taiwan's location across the Tropic of Cancer results in tropical and subtropical climates, not a polar climate, influenced by monsoon systems.
Northern Taiwan typically experiences a humid subtropical climate with less pronounced seasonal temperature variations.
Answer: False
Northern Taiwan experiences a humid subtropical climate, but it does exhibit pronounced seasonal temperature variations, unlike the statement suggests.
During winter, the northeast of Taiwan receives steady rain, while the south remains sunny.
Answer: True
The winter monsoon pattern causes the northeast regions of Taiwan to receive consistent rainfall, while the southern parts of the island typically experience sunny conditions.
The summer monsoon is responsible for approximately 90% of the annual rainfall in northern Taiwan.
Answer: False
While the summer monsoon is crucial for rainfall, it accounts for approximately 60% of the annual rainfall in northern Taiwan, with the southern regions receiving about 90% from this source.
Taiwan receives an average annual rainfall of around 500 millimeters, making it a relatively dry island.
Answer: False
Taiwan receives a significantly higher average annual rainfall of approximately 2,600 millimeters, positioning it as a wet island rather than a dry one.
On average, about four typhoons strike Taiwan each year, primarily between July and October.
Answer: True
Taiwan is typically affected by approximately four typhoons annually, with the primary season for these events occurring between July and October.
The highest temperature recorded in Taipei City was 39.3 degrees Celsius, measured in August 2013.
Answer: True
Taipei City recorded its highest temperature at 39.3 degrees Celsius on August 8, 2013, marking a significant heat event for the capital.
Taitung County recorded the highest temperature of 40.2 degrees Celsius on May 9, 2004.
Answer: True
Taitung County registered the highest temperature in Taiwan at 40.2 degrees Celsius on May 9, 2004, indicating extreme heat potential in the region.
Taiwan's temperature has increased by approximately 0.5 degrees Celsius over the past century.
Answer: False
Over the past century, Taiwan's temperature has risen by approximately 1.4 degrees Celsius, a significant increase attributed to climate change.
What two major factors significantly influence Taiwan's climate?
Answer: The Tropic of Cancer and the East Asian Monsoon
Taiwan's climate is significantly influenced by its position across the Tropic of Cancer and the prevailing East Asian Monsoon system.
What is the typical climate type of northern Taiwan?
Answer: Humid subtropical climate
Northern Taiwan typically experiences a humid subtropical climate.
What percentage of the annual rainfall does the summer monsoon provide in southern Taiwan?
Answer: Approximately 90%
The summer monsoon is responsible for approximately 90% of the annual rainfall in southern Taiwan.
What is the approximate average annual rainfall in Taiwan?
Answer: 2,600 millimeters
Taiwan receives an average annual rainfall of approximately 2,600 millimeters.
During which months do typhoons typically strike Taiwan?
Answer: July to October
Typhoons typically affect Taiwan during the months of July through October.
When was the highest temperature of 39.3 degrees Celsius recorded in Taipei City?
Answer: August 8, 2013
The highest temperature recorded in Taipei City, 39.3 degrees Celsius, occurred on August 8, 2013.
How much has Taiwan's temperature increased over the last century due to climate change?
Answer: 1.4 degrees Celsius
Over the past century, Taiwan's average temperature has risen by approximately 1.4 degrees Celsius, attributed to climate change.
Historically, Taiwan's vegetation ranged from tropical rainforests in the lowlands to alpine plants at higher elevations.
Answer: True
Prior to extensive human settlement, Taiwan's diverse altitudinal gradients supported a range of vegetation zones, from tropical rainforests in the lowlands to temperate and boreal forests, and alpine flora at higher elevations.
The Taiwan fir (Abies kawakamii) is an endemic tree species found in Taiwan's mountain forests.
Answer: True
The Taiwan fir (Abies kawakamii) is indeed an endemic tree species, native to the high-altitude mountain forests of Taiwan, contributing to the island's unique botanical diversity.
Taiwan is recognized as a region with low bird endemism, hosting few species found nowhere else.
Answer: False
Taiwan is recognized as a significant center for bird endemism, hosting a notable number of species that are found exclusively on the island.
The Formosan sika deer and the Formosan landlocked salmon are endemic animal species found in Taiwan.
Answer: True
The Formosan sika deer and the Formosan landlocked salmon are indeed endemic animal species native to Taiwan, representing important components of the island's unique fauna.
Taiwan ranks first globally in firefly species density.
Answer: False
Taiwan ranks third globally in firefly species density, with 65 identified species, surpassed only by Jamaica and Costa Rica.
The Formosan clouded leopard, a large carnivore native to Taiwan, is still considered abundant.
Answer: False
The Formosan clouded leopard, a large carnivore indigenous to Taiwan, is considered likely extinct and is therefore not abundant.
Taiwan possesses small deposits of mineral resources including gold, copper, and limestone.
Answer: True
Taiwan does possess mineral resources, including small deposits of gold, copper, coal, natural gas, limestone, and marble, although their economic viability can be limited by scale.
Approximately 75% of Taiwan's land area is covered by forest and woodland.
Answer: False
Forest and woodland cover approximately 55% of Taiwan's land area, primarily concentrated in its mountainous regions.
Historical exploitation has led to the depletion of Taiwan's wild deer populations and forestry resources.
Answer: True
Historical exploitation, including extensive harvesting during the Japanese colonial period and hunting, has indeed led to the depletion of Taiwan's wild deer populations and significant portions of its forestry resources.
Timber production is a major contributor to Taiwan's economy today due to sustainable forestry practices.
Answer: False
Timber production is not a major economic contributor in Taiwan today, primarily due to production costs and environmental regulations, with a focus on conservation over large-scale logging.
Sugarcane and rice have been historically important agricultural products in Taiwan since the 17th century.
Answer: True
Sugarcane and rice have played significant roles in Taiwan's agricultural economy since the 17th century, shaping its historical development and trade.
Taiwan's accession to the World Trade Organization has strengthened its agricultural sector against foreign competition.
Answer: False
Following its accession to the World Trade Organization, Taiwan's agricultural sector has faced increased foreign competition, leading to a greater emphasis on specialty crops and exports.
Specialty crops like bananas, guavas, and high-mountain tea are now important for Taiwan's agricultural exports.
Answer: True
Specialty crops such as bananas, guavas, and high-mountain tea have become crucial for Taiwan's agricultural exports, helping the sector compete in the global market.
Which of the following is mentioned as an endemic tree species found in Taiwan's mountain forests?
Answer: Formosan Cypress
The Formosan Cypress (Chamaecyparis formosensis) is cited as an endemic tree species native to Taiwan's mountain forests.
What is notable about Taiwan's bird diversity?
Answer: It is a significant center for bird endemism.
Taiwan is recognized as a significant center for bird endemism, hosting a high proportion of species found exclusively on the island.
What is Taiwan's global ranking for firefly species density?
Answer: Third
Taiwan holds the third position globally in terms of firefly species density.
Which large carnivore native to Taiwan is considered likely extinct?
Answer: Formosan clouded leopard
The Formosan clouded leopard, a large carnivore indigenous to Taiwan, is considered likely extinct.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a mineral resource found in Taiwan?
Answer: Silver
The mineral resources listed as found in Taiwan include coal, natural gas, limestone, and marble; silver is not mentioned in the provided source material.
What percentage of Taiwan's land is covered by forest and woodland?
Answer: 55%
Approximately 55% of Taiwan's land area is covered by forest and woodland, primarily situated in its mountainous regions.
What commodity was a significant export industry during the Japanese colonial period in Taiwan?
Answer: Camphor and sugar
During the Japanese colonial period, camphor extraction and sugar refining were significant export industries for Taiwan.
What has been a major consequence for Taiwan's agriculture sector following its WTO accession?
Answer: Greater reliance on marketing and exporting specialty crops.
Following its accession to the World Trade Organization, Taiwan's agricultural sector has faced increased competition, leading to a greater focus on marketing and exporting specialty crops.
Which of the following is mentioned as a specialty crop important for Taiwan's agricultural exports?
Answer: High-mountain tea
High-mountain tea is identified as one of the specialty crops that are important for Taiwan's agricultural exports.
The majority of Taiwan's population resides in the mountainous eastern regions.
Answer: False
The overwhelming majority of Taiwan's population, approximately 90%, resides in the western plains, which are more conducive to settlement and agriculture than the mountainous eastern regions.
Taiwan's population is approximately 15 million people, concentrated mainly in the east.
Answer: False
Taiwan's population exceeds 23 million people, and the vast majority is concentrated in the western coastal areas, not the east.
The Taipei-Keelung-Taoyuan metropolitan area is home to nearly 9 million people.
Answer: True
The Taipei-Keelung-Taoyuan metropolitan area is a major population center, housing close to 9 million residents.
Indigenous peoples constitute about 10% of Taiwan's population and primarily reside in the western plains.
Answer: False
Indigenous peoples constitute approximately 2% of Taiwan's population and primarily reside in the mountainous eastern regions, not the western plains.
Scholars estimate that the ancestors of Taiwan's indigenous peoples arrived by sea between 4000 and 3000 BC.
Answer: True
Scholarly consensus suggests that the ancestors of Taiwan's indigenous peoples migrated by sea between 4000 and 3000 BC, likely originating from Southeast Asia.
Han Chinese constitute over 95% of Taiwan's population and began settling the island in the 15th century.
Answer: False
While Han Chinese constitute over 95% of Taiwan's population, their significant settlement of the island began from the 17th century onwards, not the 15th century.
The end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949 led to the migration of approximately 1.2 million people to Taiwan.
Answer: True
The conclusion of the Chinese Civil War in 1949 resulted in a substantial migration of approximately 1.2 million individuals to Taiwan.
Where does the majority of Taiwan's population reside?
Answer: Along the western coastal plains.
The majority of Taiwan's population is concentrated along the western coastal plains, which offer more favorable conditions for settlement.
What is the approximate population of Taiwan?
Answer: 23 million
The approximate population of Taiwan exceeds 23 million people.
Where do most scholars believe the ancestors of Taiwan's indigenous peoples originated?
Answer: Mainland China
Most scholars posit that the ancestors of Taiwan's indigenous peoples originated from Mainland China.
When did Han Chinese begin settling Taiwan?
Answer: From the 17th century onwards
Significant Han Chinese settlement in Taiwan commenced from the 17th century onward.
What event led to the migration of approximately 1.2 million people to Taiwan in 1949?
Answer: The end of the Chinese Civil War
The conclusion of the Chinese Civil War in 1949 prompted the migration of approximately 1.2 million individuals to Taiwan.
The sea surrounding Taiwan is rising at a rate comparable to the global average sea level rise.
Answer: False
The rate of sea level rise around Taiwan is approximately twice the global average, posing a greater threat to its coastal areas.
Taiwan's government aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by 2030 and 50% by 2050, using 2005 as the baseline.
Answer: True
The Taiwanese government has committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by 2030 and by 50% by 2050, relative to 2005 baseline levels.
Heavy pollution in Taiwan is primarily concentrated in the northern mountainous regions.
Answer: False
Heavy pollution in Taiwan is primarily concentrated in areas with high population density and industrial activity, such as the western coastal plains and urban centers, not the northern mountainous regions.
Taipei's air quality has improved significantly due to government regulations implemented since 1987.
Answer: True
Government regulations, including the mandatory use of unleaded petrol and the establishment of the Environmental Protection Administration in 1987, have led to significant improvements in Taipei's air quality.
Motor scooters contribute minimally to Taiwan's urban air pollution due to their small engine sizes.
Answer: False
Motor scooters are a major factor in Taiwan's urban air pollution, contributing disproportionately due to their widespread use and, particularly with older models, less efficient emissions control.
Water pollution from industrial emissions and illegal trade in endangered species are environmental concerns in Taiwan.
Answer: True
Environmental concerns in Taiwan extend to water pollution from industrial sources and sewage, as well as issues related to the illegal trade of endangered species.
Acid rain in Taiwan is primarily caused by sulfate aerosol emissions originating from within the island.
Answer: False
A significant portion of the pollutants causing acid rain in Taiwan, estimated at over half, originates from sulfate aerosol emissions carried from mainland China by monsoon winds.
Taiwan historically faced severe waste management issues, earning it the nickname 'garbage island.'
Answer: True
Taiwan historically encountered significant challenges with waste management, leading to its being nicknamed 'garbage island,' though substantial improvements have since been made.
Taiwan's recycling rate increased to 55% by 2022, placing it among the highest globally.
Answer: True
By 2022, Taiwan achieved a recycling rate of 55%, positioning it among the countries with the highest recycling rates worldwide.
Illegal sand dredging by Chinese vessels has caused minimal environmental damage to Taiwan's outlying areas.
Answer: False
Illegal sand dredging activities by Chinese vessels have resulted in significant environmental damage to Taiwan's outlying areas, particularly impacting the marine ecosystem of the Taiwan Banks.
Regulations restrict bottom trawlers under 50 tons from operating within 12 km of the shore.
Answer: False
Regulations restrict bottom trawlers under 50 tons from operating within 5 km of the shore, and those over 50 tons from operating within 12 km of the shore.
How does the rate of sea level rise around Taiwan compare to the global average?
Answer: It is twice the global average.
The sea level around Taiwan is rising at approximately twice the rate observed for the global average.
By which year has Taiwan's government pledged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50% from 2005 levels?
Answer: 2050
Taiwan's government has pledged to achieve a 50% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by the year 2050, using 2005 as the baseline.
What was the primary source of Taiwan's energy consumption in 2010?
Answer: Oil
In 2010, oil constituted the largest share of Taiwan's energy consumption, followed by coal.
What proportion of its oil and natural gas does Taiwan need to import?
Answer: Nearly all
Taiwan relies on imports for nearly all of its oil and natural gas requirements.
What type of wind energy is the Taiwanese government particularly focused on developing?
Answer: Offshore wind farms
The Taiwanese government is prioritizing the development of offshore wind farms to expand its renewable energy capacity.
Which region is mentioned as being significantly affected by heavy pollution due to high population density and factories?
Answer: The western stretch from Tainan to Lin Yuan
The western stretch from Tainan to Lin Yuan, south of Kaohsiung, is noted as being significantly affected by heavy pollution due to its high population density and concentration of factories.
What government measure significantly contributed to the improvement of Taipei's air quality since the late 20th century?
Answer: Mandatory use of unleaded petrol and establishing the EPA
The mandatory use of unleaded petrol and the establishment of the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) were key government measures that significantly improved Taipei's air quality.
What role do motor scooters play in Taiwan's urban air pollution?
Answer: They are a major factor, contributing disproportionately.
Motor scooters are a significant contributor to Taiwan's urban air pollution, playing a disproportionately large role due to their prevalence.
What is a major source of pollutants causing acid rain in Taiwan?
Answer: Pollutants carried from mainland China by monsoon winds
A major source of pollutants contributing to acid rain in Taiwan is sulfate aerosol emissions transported from mainland China via monsoon winds.
What was Taiwan's recycling rate by 2022, signifying a major improvement in waste management?
Answer: 55%
By 2022, Taiwan's recycling rate had risen to 55%, reflecting significant progress in its waste management strategies.
What environmental damage has been caused by Chinese sand dredging vessels in Taiwan's outlying areas?
Answer: Damage to the marine environment
Illegal sand dredging by Chinese vessels has caused damage to the marine environment in Taiwan's outlying areas, particularly affecting the Taiwan Banks.
What do regulations restrict regarding bottom trawlers operating near Taiwan's shores?
Answer: They are restricted from operating within certain distances from the shore.
Regulations limit bottom trawlers under 50 tons to operating within 5 km of the shore and those over 50 tons within 12 km of the shore.
Taiwan's domestic energy resources are primarily composed of natural gas and renewable sources.
Answer: False
Taiwan's primary domestic energy resources include significant coal deposits, with smaller amounts of petroleum and natural gas, rather than being primarily composed of natural gas and renewables.
In 2010, oil was the largest source of Taiwan's energy consumption, followed by coal.
Answer: True
In 2010, oil accounted for the largest portion of Taiwan's energy consumption at 49.0%, with coal being the second-largest source at 32.1%.
Taiwan imports nearly all of its oil and natural gas to meet its energy needs.
Answer: True
Taiwan's energy requirements for oil and natural gas are met almost entirely through imports, highlighting its dependence on external supply.
Taiwan possesses substantial wind energy resources, with a focus on developing offshore wind farms.
Answer: True
Taiwan has considerable wind energy potential and is actively focusing on the development of offshore wind farms to harness this resource.