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George Boole received extensive formal academic training throughout his youth, which prepared him for his professorship.
Answer: False
The source indicates that George Boole received only a primary school education and was largely self-taught in higher subjects, including languages and mathematics, due to his father's business decline. His professorship was a recognition of his self-acquired expertise, not extensive formal training.
George Boole's appointment as the first professor of mathematics at Queen's College, Cork, occurred in 1849.
Answer: True
George Boole was appointed as the first professor of mathematics at Queen's College, Cork, in 1849, a recognition of his mathematical standing.
George Boole's father, John Boole Snr, was a prominent academic and professor of literature.
Answer: False
George Boole's father, John Boole Snr, was a shoemaker, not a prominent academic or professor of literature.
George Boole died from complications of a severe fever and pleural effusion after lecturing in wet clothes.
Answer: True
George Boole's death in December 1864 was caused by fever-induced pleural effusion, which developed after he contracted pneumonia from lecturing in wet clothes following a walk in heavy rain.
George Boole was an active member of the Lincoln Topographical Society and co-founded a building society.
Answer: True
George Boole was indeed an active member of the Lincoln Topographical Society and was involved in co-founding a building society in 1847, demonstrating his engagement in local community and social causes.
George Boole was born in Cork, Ireland, where he later became a professor.
Answer: False
George Boole was born in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England, and later became a professor in Cork, Ireland, but was not born there.
Mary Everest Boole was George Boole's sister and a fellow mathematician.
Answer: False
Mary Everest Boole was George Boole's wife, not his sister. She was known for writing educational works based on his mathematical principles.
Boole's early education included attending a prestigious university before his father's business declined.
Answer: False
Boole received only a primary school education and had little further formal academic teaching due to his father's business decline; he did not attend a prestigious university in his youth.
George Boole was an English autodidact, mathematician, philosopher, and logician.
Answer: True
George Boole is accurately described as an English autodidact, mathematician, philosopher, and logician, reflecting his self-taught expertise and diverse intellectual contributions.
What was George Boole's primary professional role at Queen's College, Cork?
Answer: Professor of Mathematics
George Boole served as the first professor of mathematics at Queen's College, Cork, a position he was appointed to in 1849.
What was the profession of George Boole's father, John Boole Snr?
Answer: Shoemaker
George Boole's father, John Boole Snr, was a shoemaker in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England.
In what year was George Boole appointed as the first professor of mathematics at Queen's College, Cork?
Answer: 1849
George Boole was appointed as the first professor of mathematics at Queen's College, Cork, in 1849.
What significant responsibility did George Boole undertake at the age of 16?
Answer: He became the primary financial supporter for his parents and younger siblings.
At the age of 16, George Boole took on the significant responsibility of becoming the primary financial supporter for his parents and three younger siblings by taking a junior teaching position.
Where is George Boole buried?
Answer: St Michael's Church of Ireland cemetery, Blackrock, Cork, Ireland
George Boole is buried in the Church of Ireland cemetery of St Michael's, located in Blackrock, a suburb of Cork, Ireland.
At what age did George Boole establish his first school in Lincoln?
Answer: 19
George Boole established his first school in Lincoln at the age of 19.
What was the primary cause of George Boole's death in 1864?
Answer: Fever-induced pleural effusion after developing pneumonia.
George Boole died on December 8, 1864, from fever-induced pleural effusion, which resulted from pneumonia contracted after lecturing in wet clothes.
Which of the following describes George Boole's educational background?
Answer: He received a primary school education and was largely self-taught in higher subjects.
George Boole received only a primary school education and, due to financial constraints, was largely self-taught in higher subjects, including mathematics and languages.
Boolean algebra, as developed by George Boole, is primarily concerned with complex numbers and advanced calculus.
Answer: False
Boolean algebra, as introduced by George Boole, is a system of logic that fundamentally deals with true/false values, forming the basis for computer science and digital electronics, rather than complex numbers or advanced calculus.
Boole's paper 'On a General Method in Analysis' was recognized with the first gold prize for mathematics by the Royal Society in 1844.
Answer: True
In 1844, George Boole's paper 'On a General Method in Analysis' indeed received the first gold prize for mathematics awarded by the Royal Society, acknowledging its significant contributions to linear differential equations.
Boole's *The Mathematical Analysis of Logic* (1847) was considered his definitive and mature statement on his logical system.
Answer: False
While *The Mathematical Analysis of Logic* was an important early work, Boole himself considered *An Investigation of the Laws of Thought* (1854) to be the mature and more complete exposition of his logical system.
George Boole intended his logical system to directly contradict and replace the main principles of Aristotle's logic.
Answer: False
Boole's intention was not to contradict Aristotle's logic, but rather to systematize, strengthen, and extend its range of applicability, building upon existing logical frameworks.
The 'universe of discourse' in Boole's logic refers to the infinite possibilities within a mathematical equation.
Answer: False
In Boole's logic, the 'universe of discourse' is defined as an assumed or expressed limit within which the subjects of any operation or conversation are confined, setting boundaries for logical reasoning, not infinite mathematical possibilities.
Boole's first published paper appeared in the *Journal of Applied Physics* in 1840.
Answer: False
Boole's first published paper, 'Researches in the theory of analytical transformations,' appeared in the *Cambridge Mathematical Journal* in February 1840, not the *Journal of Applied Physics*.
John Maynard Keynes praised Boole's probability theory in his 1921 book, *A Treatise of Probability*.
Answer: False
In his 1921 book *A Treatise of Probability*, John Maynard Keynes criticized Boole's probability theory, believing Boole had made a fundamental error in his definition of independence.
Boole's early treatment of addition in logic was a total operation, always defined for all inputs.
Answer: False
Boole's early treatment of addition in logic was a partial operation, corresponding only to the union of disjoint subsets, meaning it was not always defined for all inputs.
Boole's *Treatise on the Calculus of Finite Differences* was published before his *Treatise on Differential Equations*.
Answer: False
Boole's *Treatise on Differential Equations* was published in 1859, while *Treatise on the Calculus of Finite Differences* appeared the following year, in 1860, as a sequel.
Boole's identity, proved in his 1857 treatise, is significant in the theory of the Hilbert transform.
Answer: True
Boole's identity, established in his 1857 treatise 'On the Comparison of Transcendent, with Certain Applications to the Theory of Definite Integrals,' is indeed significant for the theory of the Hilbert transform.
Boole's initial interest in logic was sparked by a debate between Sir William Hamilton and Augustus De Morgan on quantification.
Answer: True
Boole's initial interest in logic was indeed stimulated by a contemporary debate on quantification between Sir William Hamilton and Augustus De Morgan.
Boole's principle of 'wholistic reference' was a unique concept that no other logician adopted.
Answer: False
Boole's principle of 'wholistic reference' was later adopted independently by Gottlob Frege and other logicians using standard first-order logic, indicating it was not unique to Boole alone.
The algorithmic goal of the probability theory section in *The Laws of Thought* was to determine the consequent probability of events with known probabilities.
Answer: True
The second part of *The Laws of Thought* indeed aimed to discover a general algorithmic method for probabilities, specifically to determine the consequent probability of any event logically connected to a given system of events with known probabilities.
Which award did Boole's paper 'On a General Method in Analysis' win in 1844?
Answer: The first gold prize for mathematics awarded by the Royal Society
In 1844, George Boole's paper 'On a General Method in Analysis' was awarded the first gold prize for mathematics by the Royal Society.
Which of Boole's works is considered his 'mature statement' on his logical system?
Answer: *An Investigation of the Laws of Thought on Which are Founded the Mathematical Theories of Logic and Probabilities* (1854)
George Boole regarded *An Investigation of the Laws of Thought on Which are Founded the Mathematical Theories of Logic and Probabilities* (1854) as the mature and more complete exposition of his logical system.
What was the primary criticism John Maynard Keynes had of Boole's probability theory?
Answer: Boole's definition of independence was fundamentally erroneous.
John Maynard Keynes criticized Boole's probability theory in his 1921 book, *A Treatise of Probability*, specifically arguing that Boole's definition of independence was fundamentally erroneous and vitiated much of his analysis.
What was Boole's intention regarding Aristotle's logic in his own work?
Answer: To systematize, strengthen, and extend its range of applicability.
George Boole's intention was to systematize, strengthen, and extend the range of applicability of Aristotle's logic, not to contradict or replace it.
What was the nature of Boole's early treatment of the addition operation in logic?
Answer: It was a partial operation, corresponding only to the union of disjoint subsets.
Boole's early treatment of addition in logic was a partial operation, corresponding only to the union of disjoint subsets in set theory, meaning it was not always defined for all inputs.
What was the primary goal of the probability theory section in Boole's *The Laws of Thought*?
Answer: To develop a general algorithmic method for determining consequent probabilities.
The primary goal of the probability theory section in Boole's *The Laws of Thought* was to develop a general algorithmic method for determining the consequent probability of events with known probabilities.
What was the subject of Boole's first published paper in the *Cambridge Mathematical Journal* in February 1840?
Answer: Researches in the theory of analytical transformations
Boole's first published paper in the *Cambridge Mathematical Journal* in February 1840 was titled 'Researches in the theory of analytical transformations, with a special application to the reduction of the general equation of the second order'.
What did Boole's principle of 'wholistic reference' emphasize?
Answer: The meaning of a term in relation to the entire context or 'universe of discourse'.
Boole's principle of 'wholistic reference' emphasized that the meaning of a term is understood in relation to the entire context or 'universe of discourse'.
Which of the following figures was NOT mentioned as extending or refining Boole's work in the 19th century?
Answer: Alan Turing
William Stanley Jevons, Charles Sanders Peirce, and Augustus De Morgan were all mentioned as extending or refining Boole's work in the 19th century. Alan Turing, while highly influential in computer science, is a 20th-century figure and not mentioned in this context.
What was the debate that sparked Boole's initial interest in logic?
Answer: The debate on quantification between Sir William Hamilton and Augustus De Morgan.
Boole's initial interest in logic was sparked by a contemporary debate on quantification between Sir William Hamilton and Augustus De Morgan.
Boole's biographer, Des MacHale, characterized his religious views as those of a devout Catholic.
Answer: False
Des MacHale, Boole's biographer, described his religious views as those of an 'agnostic deist,' not a devout Catholic.
George Boole expressed a firm belief in the 'accomplishment of a purpose of the Divine Mind.'
Answer: True
George Boole indeed expressed a firm belief in the 'accomplishment of a purpose of the Divine Mind,' aligning with his stance against skepticism and his belief in a Supreme Intelligent Cause.
Boole's *The Laws of Thought* was widely praised by logicians and mathematicians for its philosophical insights into the human mind.
Answer: False
George Boole was reportedly disconcerted that his book *The Laws of Thought* was largely received as merely a mathematical toolset, rather than being understood for its philosophical insights into the nature of the human mind, which was his true intention.
Boole considered converting to Catholicism but ultimately chose Anglicanism.
Answer: False
Boole considered converting to Judaism but ultimately chose Unitarianism, not Anglicanism.
What was George Boole's religious path after considering Judaism?
Answer: Unitarianism
After considering Judaism, George Boole ultimately chose Unitarianism as his religious path.
According to Boole's biographer, Des MacHale, what were Boole's religious views?
Answer: Agnostic deist
Boole's biographer, Des MacHale, characterized George Boole's religious views as those of an 'agnostic deist'.
Which of the following was NOT one of the four published addresses where George Boole presented his views?
Answer: *The Principles of Boolean Algebra*
The four published addresses where George Boole presented his views were *The Genius of Sir Isaac Newton*, *The Right Use of Leisure*, *The Claims of Science*, and *The Social Aspect of Intellectual Culture*. *The Principles of Boolean Algebra* is not listed among them.
What did Boole compare the Christian trinity of Father, Son, and Holy Ghost to in his theological explorations?
Answer: The three dimensions of space.
In his theological explorations, George Boole compared the Christian trinity of Father, Son, and Holy Ghost to the three dimensions of space.
What did Boole consider the most ancient and solid foundations for believing in a moral Governor of the World, apart from Revelation?
Answer: Inferring an intelligent cause from design and a moral Governor from human nature.
Boole believed that inferring an intelligent cause from the evidence of design in the world and conceiving of a moral Governor from the study of human nature were the most ancient and solid foundations for belief, apart from divine revelation.
What was Mary Everest Boole's claim about the foundation of her husband's future discoveries?
Answer: An adolescent mystical experience where he realized 'man's mind works by means of some mechanism which 'functions normally towards Monism''
Mary Everest Boole claimed that an adolescent mystical experience, where her husband realized 'man's mind works by means of some mechanism which 'functions normally towards Monism',' became the foundation of his future discoveries.
Claude Shannon's 1937 master's thesis demonstrated that Boolean algebra could optimize the design of electromechanical relay systems.
Answer: True
Claude Shannon's 1937 master's thesis at MIT indeed demonstrated that Boolean algebra could optimize the design of electromechanical relay systems and that relay circuits could solve Boolean algebra problems, a pivotal moment for digital electronics.
Victor Shestakov published his theory of electric switches based on Boolean logic in 1935, predating Shannon's work.
Answer: False
While Victor Shestakov proposed his theory of electric switches based on Boolean logic in 1935, predating Shannon's work, his first publication on the topic was in 1941 (in Russian), not 1935.
The Google Doodle celebrating Boole's bicentenary in 2015 featured a literal portrait of him.
Answer: False
The Google Doodle celebrating Boole's bicentenary in 2015 featured an algebraic reimagining of the Google logo, not a literal portrait of him.
George Boole's daughter, Alicia Boole Stott, made significant contributions to four-dimensional geometry.
Answer: True
Alicia Boole Stott, George Boole's daughter, indeed made important contributions to the field of four-dimensional geometry, continuing her father's intellectual legacy.
Lucy Everest Boole was the first female professor of chemistry in England.
Answer: True
Lucy Everest Boole, George Boole's daughter, achieved the notable distinction of becoming the first female professor of chemistry in England.
The fundamental concept underlying modern electronic digital computers is the processing of logic using the properties of electrical switches, derived from Boolean algebra.
Answer: True
The fundamental concept for modern electronic digital computers is indeed the employment of electrical switches to process logic, a principle directly derived from Boolean algebra and its applications by pioneers like Shannon and Shestakov.
Ethel Lilian Voynich, Boole's youngest daughter, is known for her contributions to advanced physics.
Answer: False
Ethel Lilian Voynich, George Boole's youngest daughter, is known as the author of the influential novel *The Gadfly*, not for contributions to advanced physics.
University College Cork commemorated Boole's 200th anniversary by renaming its main administrative building after him.
Answer: False
University College Cork commemorated Boole's 200th anniversary by launching the 'George Boole 200' project and naming its library, an underground lecture theatre complex, and the Boole Centre for Research in Informatics in his honor, but not its main administrative building.
A bronze statue of George Boole was unveiled in his hometown of Lincoln, England, in 2022.
Answer: True
In September 2022, a bronze statue depicting George Boole as a teacher was indeed unveiled at Lincoln Central Train Station in his hometown of Lincoln, England.
Who independently proposed a theory of electric switches based on Boolean logic in 1935, prior to Shannon's publication?
Answer: Victor Shestakov
Victor Shestakov at Moscow State University proposed a theory of electric switches based on Boolean logic in 1935, predating Claude Shannon's publication, though his first publication was in 1941.
Which of Boole's daughters made important contributions to four-dimensional geometry?
Answer: Alicia Boole Stott
Alicia Boole Stott, one of George Boole's daughters, made important contributions to the field of four-dimensional geometry.
What was the name of the novel authored by George Boole's youngest daughter, Ethel Lilian Voynich?
Answer: *The Gadfly*
Ethel Lilian Voynich, George Boole's youngest daughter, is known as the author of the influential novel *The Gadfly*.
Which of the following is NOT a direct legacy named after George Boole?
Answer: The programming language 'Boole++'
Direct legacies named after George Boole include Boolean algebra, the lunar crater Boole, and the keyword 'Bool' or 'Boolean' in programming languages. 'Boole++' is not mentioned as a direct legacy.
What was the nature of the Google Doodle created to celebrate Boole's bicentenary in 2015?
Answer: An algebraic reimagining of the Google logo.
The Google Doodle celebrating Boole's bicentenary in 2015 was an algebraic reimagining of the Google logo, not a literal portrait or biographical animation.
Which of Boole's daughters became the first female professor of chemistry in England?
Answer: Lucy Everest Boole
Lucy Everest Boole, George Boole's daughter, was the first female professor of chemistry in England.
What did Claude Shannon's 1937 master's thesis demonstrate regarding Boolean algebra?
Answer: That it could optimize electromechanical relay systems and that relay circuits could solve Boolean algebra problems.
Claude Shannon's 1937 master's thesis demonstrated that Boolean algebra could optimize the design of electromechanical relay systems and that relay circuits could solve Boolean algebra problems, a crucial insight for digital electronics.
Where was the bronze statue depicting George Boole as a teacher unveiled in September 2022?
Answer: Lincoln Central Train Station, England
A bronze statue depicting George Boole as a teacher was unveiled in September 2022 at Lincoln Central Train Station in Lincoln, England, his hometown.
What is the fundamental concept underlying all modern electronic digital computers, stemming from Boole's work?
Answer: The employment of electrical switches to process logic.
The fundamental concept underlying all modern electronic digital computers is the employment of electrical switches to process logic, a principle derived from Boolean algebra as applied by pioneers like Claude Shannon and Victor Shestakov.
How did University College Cork commemorate the 200th anniversary of George Boole's birth in 2015?
Answer: By launching the 'George Boole 200' project, including events and academic conferences.
University College Cork commemorated the 200th anniversary of George Boole's birth in 2015 by launching the 'George Boole 200' project, which included various events, student outreach activities, and academic conferences.