Export your learner materials as an interactive game, a webpage, or FAQ style cheatsheet.
Unsaved Work Found!
It looks like you have unsaved work from a previous session. Would you like to restore it?
Total Categories: 5
Over 100,000 Indians migrated to Jamaica as indentured laborers between 1845 and 1917.
Answer: False
Between 1845 and 1917, approximately 36,000 Indians migrated to Jamaica as indentured laborers, not over 100,000.
Indians were brought to Jamaica primarily as free laborers after the abolition of slavery.
Answer: False
Indians were brought to Jamaica primarily under the Indian indenture system, not as free laborers, following the abolition of slavery.
The majority of indentured laborers originated from South India.
Answer: False
The majority of indentured laborers originated from the Bhojpuri region and Awadh in the Hindi Belt of North India, with a minority coming from South India.
Indian indentured workers earned higher wages than emancipated slaves in Jamaica.
Answer: False
Indian indentured workers generally earned less than emancipated slaves in Jamaica, effectively undercutting the wages of former slaves.
The "Protector of Immigrants" in Jamaica primarily advocated for the rights and welfare of the indentured workers.
Answer: False
While theoretically appointed to oversee immigrant welfare, the Protector of Immigrants often prioritized the interests of employers over those of the indentured workers.
Indentured laborers fully understood the terms of their contracts because they were written in their native languages.
Answer: False
The terms of indenture were often misunderstood because the contracts were written in English, a language many laborers did not comprehend.
In the mid-20th century, Indians migrating to Jamaica primarily came as indentured laborers.
Answer: False
In the mid-20th century, Indians migrating to Jamaica primarily came as merchants engaged in business, rather than as indentured laborers.
The "Maidstone" ship was the first vessel to carry indentured workers from India to Jamaica.
Answer: True
The 'Maidstone' holds historical significance as the first ship to transport indentured workers from India to Jamaica, arriving in 1845.
A significant portion of indentured laborers' wages was deducted to cover the cost of their rations.
Answer: True
A deduction of two shillings and six pence was made from the meager wages of indentured laborers to cover the cost of their daily rations.
Higher caste Indians were encouraged to emigrate to the Caribbean to maintain social structures.
Answer: False
Higher caste Indians were prohibited from emigrating to the Caribbean under the indenture system; in fact, many avoided providing their family names to circumvent this.
Indentured workers were free to leave plantations at any time without needing a permit.
Answer: False
Indentured workers were subject to strict controls and required a permit to leave their plantations, facing penalties for unauthorized absence.
What was the primary reason for the migration of Indians to Jamaica between 1845 and 1917?
Answer: As indentured laborers due to deteriorating socioeconomic conditions in India
Deteriorating socioeconomic conditions in British India prompted over 36,000 Indians to migrate to British Jamaica as indentured laborers between 1845 and 1917.
Under which system did the majority of Indians migrate to Jamaica during the specified period?
Answer: Indian indenture system
The majority of Indians migrated to Jamaica under the Indian indenture system, serving as indentured laborers.
From which region of India did the *majority* of indentured laborers originate?
Answer: The Bhojpuri region and Awadh in the Hindi Belt
The majority of indentured laborers originated from the Bhojpuri region and Awadh in the Hindi Belt of North India, with a notable minority also coming from South India.
Why did Jamaica seek Indian laborers in the 19th century?
Answer: Due to the abolition of slavery and difficulties attracting European workers
Following the abolition of slavery and challenges in attracting European workers, the British Jamaican government sought Indian laborers, drawing on their prior use in Mauritius.
How did the wages of Indian indentured workers generally compare to those of emancipated slaves?
Answer: Indian workers were paid less, undercutting slave wages.
Indian indentured workers were paid less than emancipated slaves of West African origin, effectively undercutting their wages.
The terms of indenture were often misunderstood by laborers primarily because:
Answer: The contracts were written in English, a language many did not comprehend.
The terms and conditions of indenture were frequently misunderstood by laborers as the contracts were written in English, a language many did not comprehend.
What role did the "Protector of Immigrants" typically play?
Answer: Primarily protected the interests of employers over workers.
The Protector of Immigrants, appointed to oversee immigrant welfare, often prioritized the interests of employers rather than the workers.
In the mid-20th century, what was the primary occupation of the smaller numbers of Indians migrating to Jamaica?
Answer: Merchants engaged in business
In the mid-20th century, smaller numbers of Indians migrated to Jamaica primarily as merchants engaged in business, distinct from the earlier indentured labor migration.
Why did the Indian Government briefly halt the indentured labor program after 1845?
Answer: To examine the workings of the scheme after a significant increase in arrivals.
The Indian Government briefly halted the indentured labor program after 1845 to examine its operations following a significant increase in the number of arrivals.
How much was deducted from the wages of indentured laborers for their rations?
Answer: Two shillings and six pence
A deduction of two shillings and six pence was made from the wages of indentured laborers to cover the cost of their rations.
What restriction did indentured workers face regarding leaving their plantations?
Answer: They needed a permit to leave, facing penalties if they did not.
Indentured workers were required to obtain a permit to leave their plantations and faced penalties, such as fines or imprisonment, if they did not comply.
The demand for Indian laborers in Jamaica was partly driven by the failure to attract workers from which continent?
Answer: Europe
The demand for Indian laborers in Jamaica was partly driven by the failure to attract sufficient workers from Europe following the abolition of slavery.
Indo-Jamaicans are the largest ethnic group in Jamaica.
Answer: False
The source indicates that Indo-Jamaicans constitute the third-largest ethnic group in Jamaica, following Africans and Multiracials.
The 2011 census indicated a population of over 50,000 Indo-Jamaicans.
Answer: False
The 2011 census recorded the Indo-Jamaican population at 21,584, not over 50,000.
The term "Dougla" refers to individuals of mixed Chinese and Indian heritage.
Answer: False
The term 'Dougla' specifically refers to individuals of mixed Indian and African heritage.
The scarcity of Indian women among indentured laborers led to a decrease in violent incidents involving jealousy.
Answer: False
The scarcity of Indian women among indentured laborers unfortunately led to an increase in violent incidents, including wife murders, driven by jealousy.
What is the demographic ranking of Indo-Jamaicans within Jamaica's ethnic landscape?
Answer: The third-largest ethnic group
Indo-Jamaicans constitute the third-largest ethnic group in Jamaica, following Africans and Multiracials.
According to the 2011 census, what was the approximate population of Indo-Jamaicans in Jamaica?
Answer: Approximately 21,584
The 2011 census recorded the total population of Indo-Jamaicans as 21,584.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a parish with a significant Indo-Jamaican population?
Answer: Saint James
The parishes listed with significant Indo-Jamaican populations are Portland, Westmoreland, Clarendon, Saint Andrew, Saint Catherine, Saint Mary, and Kingston Parish. Saint James is not among them.
What derogatory term was sometimes used for Indian immigrants in Jamaica?
Answer: Coolie
The derogatory term 'coolie' was sometimes used to refer to Indian immigrants in Jamaica, reflecting the social challenges they faced.
What does the term "Dougla" signify in the context of Indo-Jamaican identity?
Answer: A person of mixed Indian and African heritage.
In the context of Indo-Jamaican identity, the term 'Dougla' signifies a person of mixed Indian and African heritage.
The term "chaina raial" in Jamaican English referred to children born from unions between:
Answer: Chinese men and Black or Indian women
In Jamaican English, the term 'chaina raial' referred to children born from unions between Chinese men and either Black or Indian women.
Caribbean Hindustani is the most commonly spoken language among Indo-Jamaicans today.
Answer: False
While Caribbean Hindustani is spoken by descendants of original indentured laborers ('Jahajis'), the primary languages spoken by most Indo-Jamaicans are Jamaican English and Patois.
Hinduism is the only religion practiced by the Indo-Jamaican community.
Answer: False
The Indo-Jamaican community practices a variety of religions, including Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, and Sikhism.
Ample provisions were made for the religious and cultural practices of Hindu indentured laborers.
Answer: False
Contrary to ample provisions, very little was made to accommodate the religious and cultural practices of Hindu indentured laborers during their indenture.
Indian indentured workers introduced crops like tamarind and cannabis to Jamaica.
Answer: True
Indian indentured workers contributed to Jamaica's agricultural landscape by introducing crops such as tamarind and cannabis.
Dishes like curry goat and roti are recent culinary introductions to Jamaica, unrelated to Indo-Jamaican influence.
Answer: False
Dishes such as curry goat and roti are integral parts of Jamaica's national cuisine, directly stemming from Indo-Jamaican culinary influences.
Which of the following religions is NOT mentioned as being observed within the Indo-Jamaican community?
Answer: Buddhism
While Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, and Sikhism are mentioned as observed religions within the Indo-Jamaican community, Buddhism is not.
What agricultural contribution did Indian indentured workers make to Jamaica?
Answer: Introduction of crops like tamarind and cannabis.
Indian indentured workers introduced crops such as tamarind and cannabis to Jamaica, supplementing their own gardens and enriching the island's flora.
Which of the following dishes is NOT mentioned as being introduced by Indo-Jamaicans?
Answer: Jerk chicken
While Indo-Jamaicans introduced dishes like wrap roti, tarkaris, and curry goat, jerk chicken is not among the culinary contributions attributed to them.
What cultural element, besides food, was introduced to Jamaica from India and became significant in certain spiritual traditions?
Answer: The use of cannabis (ganja)
Alongside culinary contributions, cannabis (ganja) was introduced to Jamaica from India and became significant in certain spiritual traditions, notably for Rastafarians.
What significant contribution did Indians make to Jamaican jewelry craftsmanship?
Answer: Development of intricate gold bangle making.
Indians introduced and developed the craft of making intricately wrought gold bangles, a significant contribution to Jamaican jewelry craftsmanship.
What was a key challenge faced by Indian immigrants related to cultural practices?
Answer: Very little provision was made for Hindu religious and cultural practices.
A significant challenge faced by Indian immigrants was the lack of adequate provision for their Hindu religious and cultural practices during their indenture.
Indian immigrants were generally welcomed and easily integrated into Jamaican society due to shared cultural practices.
Answer: False
Indian immigrants faced social challenges, including being looked down upon by other groups due to fundamental cultural and linguistic differences, and did not integrate easily.
Most Indians who signed indenture contracts intended to settle permanently in Jamaica from the outset.
Answer: False
The initial intention of most Indian immigrants was to return to India with their earnings after fulfilling their indenture contracts, rather than to settle permanently.
Non-Christian unions were legally recognized in Jamaica throughout the entire period of Indian indenture.
Answer: False
Non-Christian unions were not legally recognized in Jamaica until 1956, which presented challenges for indentured laborers during the indenture period.
Many original indentured laborers adopted Anglo-Saxon surnames to assimilate into Jamaican society.
Answer: True
To facilitate assimilation into the predominantly British society of Jamaica, many original indentured laborers adopted Anglo-Saxon surnames.
Land grants were offered as incentives to time-expired Indian indentured laborers.
Answer: True
As an incentive for settlement, time-expired Indian indentured laborers were offered grants of Crown land by the government.
The Indian government actively encouraged the return of indentured workers to India.
Answer: False
The Indian government did not actively encourage the return of indentured workers, partly due to the destitution or loss of cultural ties many experienced.
The influence of the caste system has remained strong and largely unchanged among Indo-Jamaicans.
Answer: False
The influence of the caste system within the Indo-Jamaican community has largely atrophied over time, rather than remaining strong and unchanged.
What was the initial intention of most Indian immigrants who signed indenture contracts?
Answer: To return to India with their earnings after fulfilling their contract.
Most Indians who signed indenture contracts did so with the primary intention of returning to India with their earnings, rather than establishing permanent residence.
What was a consequence for many indentured laborers regarding their unions due to non-Christian unions not being legally recognized until 1956?
Answer: Many converted to Christianity and adopted English names.
As non-Christian unions were not legally recognized until 1956, many indentured laborers converted to Christianity and adopted English names to legitimize their unions or for social reasons.
Why did many original indentured laborers adopt Anglo-Saxon surnames?
Answer: To assimilate more easily into the predominantly British society.
Many original indentured laborers adopted Anglo-Saxon surnames to assimilate more easily into the predominantly British society of Jamaica.
What incentives were offered to time-expired Indian indentured laborers to encourage them to settle in Jamaica?
Answer: Money and grants of Crown land.
Incentives such as monetary grants and grants of Crown land were offered to time-expired Indian indentured laborers to encourage their settlement in Jamaica.
Why were land grants for settlement eventually abandoned by the government around 1906?
Answer: The cost difference between land grants and repatriation was not significant enough to justify the program.
Land grants were abandoned around 1906 because the cost difference between repatriating a worker and offering a land grant was not substantial enough to justify the program's continuation.
Which factor contributed to many time-expired indentured workers remaining in Jamaica despite initial plans to return home?
Answer: Lack of available ships for repatriation and travel restrictions due to WWI.
Factors such as the lack of available ships for repatriation and travel restrictions imposed by World War I contributed to many time-expired indentured workers remaining in Jamaica.
How has the influence of the caste system evolved within the Indo-Jamaican community?
Answer: It has largely atrophied over time.
The influence of the caste system within the Indo-Jamaican community has largely atrophied over time, diminishing its role in social hierarchy.
What economic roles did Indo-Jamaicans commonly adopt after transitioning from plantation labor?
Answer: Jewellers, fishermen, barbers, and shopkeepers
After transitioning from plantation labor, Indo-Jamaicans commonly adopted economic roles such as jewellers, fishermen, barbers, and shopkeepers.
The Government of Jamaica proclaimed May 10th as Indian Heritage Day in 1995.
Answer: True
In recognition of the significant contributions of Indians to Jamaica, the Government proclaimed May 10th as Indian Heritage Day in 1995.
What did the Government of Jamaica proclaim on May 10th, 1995?
Answer: Indian Heritage Day
On May 10th, 1995, the Government of Jamaica proclaimed Indian Heritage Day to acknowledge the contributions of Indians to the nation.
Who is Edward Seaga, mentioned in the context of prominent figures of partial Indian descent?
Answer: A former Prime Minister of Jamaica
Edward Seaga is recognized as a former Prime Minister of Jamaica and is noted as a prominent figure of partial Indian descent.
What is the primary mission of the National Council for Indian Culture in Jamaica?
Answer: To preserve and promote Indian culture within Jamaica.
The primary mission of the National Council for Indian Culture in Jamaica is to preserve and promote Indian culture within the island nation.